CN113293322B

CN113293322B - Novel copper alloy manufacturing process for water-cooled exchanger based on monocrystalline silicon smelting

Info

Publication number: CN113293322B
Application number: CN202110402971.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张琦; 张航; 庾高峰; 李雷; 马明月; 吴斌; 王聪利; 靖林
Original assignee: Shaanxi Sirui Advanced Materials Co Ltd
Current assignee: Shaanxi Sirui Advanced Materials Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-15
Filing date: 2021-04-15
Publication date: 2022-01-28
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-15
Also published as: CN113293322A

Abstract

The invention discloses a novel copper alloy manufacturing process for a water-cooled exchanger based on monocrystalline silicon smelting, which comprises the following steps of: s1, preparing materials: the furnace burden comprises the following elements in percentage by mass: 25% of Cr, 3-15% of Zr, 1-3% of Si, 1-2% of Mg, 1-8% of rare earth, 1-5% of graphene-loaded Ce powder and the balance of Cu, wherein the Cr and the Zr are added in the form of an intermediate alloy copper plate; s2 furnace charging and melting: ensuring that a melting layer, a heating layer and a preheating layer are continuously arranged in the furnace chamber; s3 heating and feeding: sequentially adding Si, Mg, rare earth and graphene loaded Ce powder, and keeping the temperature until the melt is melted down; s4 degassing detection; s5, adding Cr to smelt; s6 deoxidizing and discharging; and S7 post-processing. The copper alloy manufacturing process of the invention takes chromium zirconium copper as a base material and adds part of rare earth elements, so that the copper alloy has higher heat resistance and strength under the condition of good heat-conducting property and unchanged, and simultaneously improves the corrosion resistance of the copper alloy, thereby greatly prolonging the service life of the water-cooling exchanger.

Description

Novel copper alloy manufacturing process for water-cooled exchanger based on monocrystalline silicon smelting

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of manufacturing of water-cooled exchangers of monocrystalline silicon smelting furnaces, in particular to a novel copper alloy manufacturing process for the water-cooled exchangers based on monocrystalline silicon smelting.

Background

The smelting furnace for monocrystalline silicon is a manufacturing device for producing monocrystalline silicon by a Czochralski method and mainly comprises a host machine, a heating power supply and a computer control system. In the process of smelting and growing the silicon single crystal, the success or failure of the growth of the silicon single crystal and the quality are determined by the temperature distribution of the thermal field, and the thermal field with proper temperature distribution not only ensures the smooth growth of the silicon single crystal but also has higher quality; if the temperature distribution of the thermal field is not reasonable, various defects are easily generated in the process of growing the silicon single crystal, the quality is affected, and the single crystal cannot grow out due to the phenomenon of crystal transformation under serious conditions. Therefore, in the early stage of investing in silicon single crystal growth enterprises, the most reasonable thermal field must be configured according to growth equipment, so that the quality of the produced silicon single crystal is ensured. The arrangement and use of the water-cooled exchanger are particularly critical to the growth of single crystal silicon.

The existing water-cooling exchanger is mostly made by welding 301-containing 316 series stainless steel plate cutting reels, welding seams are too dense, the whole structure is easy to corrode and damage from the welding seam position, although the stainless steel plate can resist corrosion, the welding seam position has poor corrosion resistance in a high-temperature water pressure environment after welding and using welding flux, and failure is easy to cause; the temperature of the monocrystalline silicon at the solid-liquid interface is as high as 1400K, and the heat conduction and heat dissipation performance of the 301-316 series stainless steel materials is poor and is about 12W/mK, so that the low speed is required to be used for improving the liquid-solid forming rate, and the production efficiency is seriously influenced; in the aspect of material cost, although the cost of the copper material is higher than that of the stainless steel material, the recovery rate of the stainless steel material is lower in the aspect of material breakage, and the comprehensive cost is high.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a novel manufacturing process of a copper alloy for a water-cooled exchanger based on monocrystalline silicon smelting.

The technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a novel manufacturing process of copper alloy for a water-cooled exchanger based on monocrystalline silicon smelting comprises the following steps:

s1, preparing materials: preparing furnace burden needing to be smelted for later use, wherein the furnace burden comprises the following elements in parts by mass: 25% of Cr, 3-15% of Zr, 1-3% of Si, 1-2% of Mg, 1-8% of rare earth, 1-5% of graphene-loaded Ce powder and the balance of Cu, wherein the Cr and the Zr are added in the form of an intermediate alloy copper plate;

s2 furnace charging and melting: adding weighed glass and a flux into a furnace bottom, then adding a sheet copper plate to pad the bottom, starting a cooling furnace with the heating power of 320KW +/-10 KW, heating to 600-plus 800 ℃, then preserving heat for 20min, then heating to 1100-plus 1200 ℃ with the heating power of 600KW +/-10 KW, preserving heat for 20min, adding blocky Cu foundry returns and scrap Cu furnace burden after the copper plate begins to melt, ensuring that a melting layer, a heating layer and a preheating layer are continuously arranged in a furnace chamber, and adding small materials after the furnace burden is melted;

s3 heating and feeding: heating to 1250 ℃ with the heating power of 850KW +/-10 KW, sequentially adding Si, Mg, rare earth and graphene loaded Ce powder according to the mass ratio in the step S1, and keeping the temperature until the melt is molten;

s4 outgassing detection: after the molten liquid is completely melted down, taking a small amount of molten liquid samples to detect the content of Cr components in the original copper liquid, and simultaneously keeping the heating power of 850KW +/-10 KW to start introducing argon to degas for 15 minutes, wherein the pressure of the argon is kept at 7 Pa;

s5, adding Cr for smelting: determining the Cr addition amount according to the calculated Cr content after degassing, adjusting the components, adding Cr blocks, stirring at a high-power stirring speed for 15min, simultaneously heating to 1340 +/-40 ℃ with the heating power of 850KW +/-10 KW, sampling, and detecting the Cr component content in the adjusted molten liquid until the required Cr component content is reached;

and S6 deoxidation and tapping: after the adjustment of the Cr component content is finished, adding 3.2Kg of copper-magnesium alloy for deoxidation, discharging the steel plate out of the furnace after the deoxidation is finished, and controlling the discharging temperature at 1310-1400 ℃;

and S7 post-processing: and (3) carrying out ingot casting, blank making, cold forging treatment and machining treatment on the copper alloy to obtain the monocrystalline silicon water-cooling exchanger.

Further, the preparation method of the graphene-supported Ce powder in step S1 includes: taking graphene oxide and CeCl₃·H₂Mixing O with the mass ratio of 3:1 uniformly, adding the mixture into a water bath crucible, and heating the mixture at 150 DEG CHeating the workpiece in water bath for 20h, washing, and then freeze-drying for 10h at-20 ℃ to obtain graphene-loaded Ce powder, and the problem that graphene is difficult to uniformly infiltrate into copper alloy is solved by loading rare earth Ce.

Further, in the step S2, the solvent is sodium fluoride powder and calcium fluoride powder in a ratio of 1: 1, the mass of the solvent is 5 plus or minus 1Kg, the mass of the solvent accounts for 0-5 percent of the mass of the total furnace charge, the solvent formed by mixing the two has an auxiliary effect on the smelting of copper alloy, the melting point of the solvent is much higher than that of the copper alloy, so the solvent cannot be dissolved in the copper alloy melt, the fluidity of the copper melt can be enhanced, and finally the solvent is discharged in the form of a small amount of waste residues.

Further, the adding amount of the glass in the step S2 is 25Kg ± 2Kg, based on the uniform covering liquid level in the actual production, if the glass cannot be covered or the glass is too thick, the extra glass can be supplemented or fished out according to the actual situation, the glass plays a role in isolating oxygen in the smelting process, and is finally discharged in the form of waste slag.

Further, in the step S2, when the cooling furnace is started, adding of scrap furnace materials is avoided, the scrap materials are easily melted into the furnace lining before the microcracks are not closed, and the service life of the furnace lining is greatly reduced while the safe production cannot be ensured; the small materials are Cu conducting bars, the Cu conducting bars are vertically added into the furnace, the Cu conducting bars are not allowed to be transversely added, the phenomenon of bridging is avoided, and the phenomenon of unnecessary oxidation is prevented.

Further, in the step S2, when the furnace body is started, the furnace mouth is opened for gas protection until the furnace burden is completely melted and the glass uniformly covers the liquid level, so as to ensure the safety of the whole production process.

Further, the Cr component content detection formula in steps S4 and S5 is: the addition of Cr blocks is the difference between the target Cr content and the Cr content measured before the furnace multiplied by the weight of the molten body, so that the component content of Cr can be accurately calculated, and simultaneously, the Cr blocks and the Cr content are fused into the alloy, thereby solving the problem that the Cr has high melting point and is not suitable for being fused.

Further, the stirring mode in the step S5 is a bottom blowing top magnetic stirring method, argon is blown into the bottom of the bottom magnetic stirring method to stir, electromagnetic stirring is adopted at the top to mix and stir the molten metal, the stirring speed is 200r/min, the argon pressure is kept at 5Pa, the stirring is more uniform than the metal smelted by manual stirring, the molten metal can be more fully melted, and the physical properties of the cooled formed metal are more excellent.

Further, the diameter of the cast ingot in the step S7 is 360mm, so that the cast ingot is convenient for the next production and use.

Further, the cold forging treatment method in the step S7 is an ultrasonic cold forging and nitriding method, and the ultrasonic cold forging and nitriding method includes the following steps:

s1 ultrasonic pretreatment: the ultrasonic vibration with frequency of 30Hz and amplitude of 20 μm is acted on the inner wall of the water-cooled heat exchanger through the punch, so that the inner wall is subjected to severe plastic deformation to realize surface nanocrystallization, the diameter of the punch is 0.2mm, and the impact frequency is 19820 times/mm²；

S2 cold forging: the technological parameters of cold forging are as follows: the forging speed is 6mm/s, the rotary forging angle is 45 degrees, the cold forging thickness deviation is 0.1mm, and the temperature is 25 ℃;

s3 ion nitriding treatment: placing the water-cooled heat exchanger subjected to cold forging treatment into a nitriding furnace, vacuumizing to 4Pa, nitriding by taking ammonia gas as a nitrogen source at the temperature of 500 +/-5 ℃ after detecting that the gas leakage rate is less than 0.2Pa/min, and cooling the water-cooled heat exchanger subjected to nitriding along with the furnace in the ammonia gas atmosphere of 300 Pa; the method provides a channel for the diffusion of atoms on the inner wall of the heat exchanger, is favorable for the permeation of chemical elements on the inner wall, can obviously improve the chemical activity of the inner wall of the heat exchanger, and is favorable for forming more chemical combinations on the inner wall.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the copper alloy manufacturing process of the invention takes chromium zirconium copper as a base material and adds part of rare earth elements, so that the copper alloy has higher heat resistance and strength under the condition of good heat-conducting property and unchanged, and simultaneously improves the corrosion resistance of the copper alloy, thereby greatly prolonging the service life of the water-cooling exchanger.

(2) The copper alloy manufacturing process provided by the invention optimizes the processing process, solves the problem that graphene is difficult to uniformly infiltrate into the copper alloy in a rare earth Ce loading mode, ensures that the metal smelted by a bottom-blowing top magnetic stirring method is more uniform than that smelted by manual stirring, can also enable molten metal to be more fully melted, ensures that the physical property of the formed metal after cooling is more excellent, provides a channel for diffusion of atoms on the inner wall of a heat exchanger by an ultrasonic cold forging nitriding method, is beneficial to infiltration of chemical elements on the inner wall, can obviously improve the chemical activity of the inner wall of the heat exchanger, is beneficial to forming more chemical combination on the inner wall, effectively improves the heat dissipation efficiency and the condensation efficiency, and improves the productivity by more than 50%;

(3) the copper alloy manufacturing process effectively reduces the material cost and is beneficial to further popularization and use.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a comparison of the high temperature performance of copper alloy and pure copper in example 1 of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the novel water-cooled exchanger of the copper alloy single crystal silicon smelting furnace of the present invention.

Detailed Description

Example 1

s1, preparing materials: preparing 500Kg of furnace charge to be smelted for later use, wherein the furnace charge comprises the following elements in parts by mass: 25% of Cr, 3% of Zr, 1% of Si, 1% of Mg, 1% of rare earth, 1% of graphene-loaded Ce powder and 69% of Cu, wherein the Cr and the Zr are added in a form of an intermediate alloy copper plate; the preparation method of the graphene-loaded Ce powder comprises the following steps: taking graphene oxide and CeCl₃·H₂Uniformly mixing the materials in a mass ratio of 3:1, adding the mixture into a water bath crucible, heating the mixture for 20 hours in a water bath at the temperature of 150 ℃, washing the mixture, and freeze-drying the washed mixture for 10 hours at the temperature of-20 ℃ to obtain graphene-loaded Ce powder;

s2 furnace charging and melting: adding 25Kg of weighed glass and 5Kg of weighed flux into the furnace bottom, if the glass can not be covered or the glass is too thick, supplementing or fishing out the redundant glass according to the actual situation, wherein the solvent is sodium fluoride powder and calcium fluoride powder according to the proportion of 1: 1, adding a sheet copper plate bottom pad, starting a cooling furnace with heating power of 310KW, avoiding adding broken charge when the cooling furnace is started, heating to 800 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20min, then heating to 1200 ℃ with heating power of 590KW, keeping the temperature for 20min, adding blocky Cu returns and broken Cu charge after the copper plate starts to melt, ensuring that a melting layer, a heating layer and a preheating layer are continuously arranged in a furnace chamber, adding small materials after the charge is melted, wherein the small materials are Cu guide bars, and the Cu guide bars are vertically added into the furnace;

s3 heating and feeding: heating to 1250 ℃ with 840KW heating power, sequentially adding Si, Mg, rare earth and graphene loaded Ce powder according to the mass ratio in the step S1, and keeping the temperature until the melt is melted down;

s4 outgassing detection: after the molten liquid is melted down, taking a small amount of molten liquid samples to detect the content of the Cr component in the raw copper liquid, wherein the detection formula of the content of the Cr component is as follows: adding the Cr blocks, namely the difference between the target Cr content and the Cr content measured in front of the furnace multiplied by the weight of the melt, and meanwhile keeping the heating power of 840KW, starting to introduce argon for degassing for 15 minutes, and keeping the pressure of the argon at 7 Pa;

s5, adding Cr for smelting: determining the Cr addition amount according to the calculated Cr content after degassing, adjusting the components, adding Cr blocks, stirring at a high-power stirring speed for 15min, simultaneously heating to 1380 ℃ with 840KW of heating power, sampling, and detecting the Cr component content in the adjusted molten liquid until the required Cr component content is reached;

and S6 deoxidation and tapping: after the adjustment of the Cr component content is finished, adding 3.2Kg of copper-magnesium alloy for deoxidation, discharging from the furnace after the deoxidation is finished, and controlling the discharging temperature at 1310 ℃;

and S7 post-processing: and (3) carrying out ingot casting on the copper alloy, wherein the diameter of the ingot casting is 360mm, and carrying out blank making, cold forging treatment and machining treatment to obtain the monocrystalline silicon water-cooling exchanger, as shown in figure 2.

Example 2

This embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1, except that: and step S5, the stirring mode is a bottom blowing top magnetic stirring method, argon is blown into the bottom of the furnace to stir, electromagnetic stirring is adopted at the top of the furnace to mix and stir the melt, the stirring speed is 200r/min, and the argon pressure is kept at 5 Pa.

Example 3

This embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1, except that:

the cold forging treatment method in the step S7 is an ultrasonic cold forging nitriding method, and the ultrasonic cold forging nitriding method comprises the following steps:

s3 ion nitriding treatment: and (3) placing the water-cooled heat exchanger subjected to cold forging treatment into a nitriding furnace, vacuumizing to 4Pa, detecting that the gas leakage rate is less than 0.2Pa/min, nitriding by taking ammonia gas as a nitrogen source at the temperature of 500 ℃, and cooling the nitrided water-cooled heat exchanger along with the furnace in the ammonia gas atmosphere of 300 Pa.

Example 4

This embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1, except that: the components and mass contents of all elements in the furnace burden are different.

S1, preparing materials: preparing 300Kg of furnace charge to be smelted for later use, wherein the furnace charge comprises the following elements in parts by mass: 25% of Cr, 10% of Zr, 2% of Si, 1.5% of Mg, 5% of rare earth, 3% of graphene-loaded Ce powder and 53.5% of Cu, wherein the Cr and the Zr are added in the form of an intermediate alloy copper plate;

s2 furnace charging and melting: weighed 23Kg of glass and 4Kg of flux were added to the bottom of the furnace.

Example 5

S1, preparing materials: preparing 800Kg of furnace charge to be smelted for later use, wherein the furnace charge comprises the following elements in parts by mass: 25% of Cr, 15% of Zr, 3% of Si, 2% of Mg, 8% of rare earth, 5% of graphene-loaded Ce powder and 42% of Cu, wherein the Cr and the Zr are added in a form of an intermediate alloy copper plate;

s2 furnace charging and melting: the weighed 27Kg of glass and 6Kg of flux were added to the bottom of the furnace.

Example 6

This embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1, except that: in steps S2 and S3, the heating power is different from the holding temperature.

S2 furnace charging and melting: adding 25Kg of weighed glass and 5Kg of weighed flux into the furnace bottom, if the glass can not be covered or the glass is too thick, supplementing or fishing out the redundant glass according to the actual situation, wherein the solvent is sodium fluoride powder and calcium fluoride powder according to the proportion of 1: 1, adding a sheet copper plate bottom pad, starting a cooling furnace with the heating power of 320KW, avoiding adding broken charge when the cooling furnace is started, heating to 700 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20min, then heating to 1150 ℃ with the heating power of 600KW, keeping the temperature for 20min, adding blocky Cu returns and broken Cu charge after the copper plate starts to melt, ensuring that a melting layer, a heating layer and a preheating layer are continuously arranged in a furnace chamber, adding small materials after the charge is melted, wherein the small materials are Cu guide bars which are vertically added into the furnace, opening a furnace mouth for gas protection when the furnace body is started until the charge is completely melted, and uniformly covering the liquid level with glass;

s3 heating and feeding: heating to 1250 ℃ with 850KW heating power, sequentially adding Si, Mg, rare earth and graphene loaded Ce powder according to the mass ratio in the step S1, and keeping the temperature until the melt is melted down.

Example 7

S2 furnace charging and melting: adding 25Kg of weighed glass and 5Kg of weighed flux into the furnace bottom, if the glass can not be covered or the glass is too thick, supplementing or fishing out the redundant glass according to the actual situation, wherein the solvent is sodium fluoride powder and calcium fluoride powder according to the proportion of 1: 1, adding a sheet copper plate bottom pad, starting a cooling furnace with the heating power of 330KW, avoiding adding broken charge when the cooling furnace is started, heating to 600 ℃, keeping the temperature for 20min, then heating to 1100 ℃ with the heating power of 610KW, keeping the temperature for 20min, adding blocky Cu returns and broken Cu charge after the copper plate starts to melt, ensuring that a melting layer, a heating layer and a preheating layer are continuously arranged in a furnace chamber, adding small materials after the charge is melted, wherein the small materials are Cu guide bars, and the Cu guide bars are vertically added into the furnace;

s3 heating and feeding: heating to 1250 ℃ with 860KW of heating power, sequentially adding Si, Mg, rare earth and graphene loaded Ce powder according to the mass ratio in the step S1, and preserving heat until the melt is melted down.

Example 8

This embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1, except that: in step S4-6, the heating power is different from the holding temperature.

S4 outgassing detection: after the molten liquid is melted down, taking a small amount of molten liquid samples to detect the content of the Cr component in the raw copper liquid, wherein the detection formula of the content of the Cr component is as follows: adding the Cr blocks, namely the difference between the target Cr content and the Cr content measured in front of the furnace multiplied by the weight of the melt, simultaneously keeping the heating power of 850KW, starting to introduce argon for degassing for 15 minutes, and keeping the pressure of the argon at 7 Pa;

s5, adding Cr for smelting: determining the Cr addition amount according to the calculated Cr content after degassing, adjusting the components, adding Cr blocks, stirring at a high-power stirring speed for 15min, simultaneously heating to 1340 ℃ with 850KW heating power, sampling, and detecting the Cr component content in the adjusted molten liquid until the required Cr component content is reached;

and S6 deoxidation and tapping: and after the adjustment of the Cr component content is finished, adding 3.2Kg of copper-magnesium alloy for deoxidation, discharging from the furnace after the deoxidation is finished, and controlling the discharging temperature at 1360 ℃.

Example 9

S4 outgassing detection: after the molten liquid is melted down, taking a small amount of molten liquid samples to detect the content of the Cr component in the raw copper liquid, wherein the detection formula of the content of the Cr component is as follows: adding the Cr blocks, namely the difference between the target Cr content and the Cr content measured in front of the furnace multiplied by the weight of the melt, simultaneously keeping the heating power of 860KW, starting to introduce argon for degassing for 15 minutes, and keeping the pressure of the argon at 7 Pa;

s5, adding Cr for smelting: determining the Cr addition amount according to the calculated Cr content after degassing to adjust the components, adding Cr blocks, stirring at a high-power stirring speed for 15min, simultaneously heating to 1300 ℃ with 860KW of heating power, sampling, and detecting the Cr component content in the adjusted molten liquid until the required Cr component content is reached;

and S6 deoxidation and tapping: and after the adjustment of the Cr component content is finished, adding 3.2Kg of copper-magnesium alloy for deoxidation, discharging from the furnace after the deoxidation is finished, and controlling the discharging temperature at 1400 ℃.

Examples of the experiments

The mechanical properties of the copper alloy materials prepared in examples 1 to 8 were measured, and the mechanical properties of example 1 were compared with those of pure copper and 316 stainless steel, and the results are shown in table 1.

Table 1 comparison of mechanical properties of example 1 with pure copper and 316 stainless steel

As can be seen from table 1, the electrical and thermal conductivity of pure copper and the copper alloy in example 1 is much higher than that of 316 stainless steel, the tensile strength of 316 stainless steel is better than that of the copper alloy in example 1, but the yield strength is not as good as that of the copper alloy in example 1; in addition, the copper alloy also has great advantages in the aspect of recovery cost, the cost price of the stainless steel is 1.6 ten thousand per ton, the waste material is 1500 yuan per ton, the breakage: (1500/16000) ═ 93.75%, per ton of raw material loss: 16000 and 1500 is 1.45 ten thousand yuan; the cost price of the copper alloy is 66650 yuan per ton, and the 10 percent of the recovered waste copper price is about 6665 yuan, so the cost of the copper alloy is superior to that of 316 stainless steel.

It can be seen from fig. 1 that the copper alloy of comparative example 1 is higher than pure copper in each temperature step through high temperature performance.

The mechanical properties of examples 1 to 3 are shown in Table 2:

TABLE 2 mechanical Properties of examples 1 to 3

As can be seen from Table 2, the mechanical properties of the copper alloy in example 2 are slightly improved compared with those in example 1, so that the metal smelted by the bottom-blowing top magnetic stirring method is more uniform than that smelted by manual stirring, the molten metal can be more fully melted, and the physical properties of the formed metal after cooling are more excellent; the mechanical property of the copper alloy in the embodiment 3 is obviously improved compared with that in the embodiment 1, the conductivity is greatly improved, and all properties of the copper alloy treated by the ultrasonic cold forging nitriding method are improved.

The mechanical properties of examples 1, 4, 5 are shown in Table 3:

TABLE 3 mechanical Properties of examples 1, 4 and 5

As can be seen from Table 3, the change of the components and contents of each element in the furnace charge has an influence on the mechanical properties of the copper alloy, when the Cu content is high, the conductivity is improved, but the conductivity of the 3 groups of copper alloys is at a higher level; the hardness and tensile strength are improved by increasing the content of other elements, but the yield strength is negatively affected by excessively high content of other elements, so the element ratio in example 4 is most reasonable.

The mechanical properties of examples 1, 6, 7 are shown in Table 4:

TABLE 4 mechanical Properties of examples 1, 4, 5

As can be seen from table 4, the change of the heating power and the holding temperature in steps S2 and S3 has less influence on the mechanical properties of the copper alloy, and it is most reasonable to control the heating power and the holding temperature to the values set in example 6.

The mechanical properties of examples 1, 8, 9 are shown in Table 5:

TABLE 5 mechanical Properties of examples 1, 8, 9

As can be seen from Table 5, the change of the heating power and the holding temperature in step S4-6 has little influence on the mechanical properties of the copper alloy, and the heating power and the holding temperature only need to be controlled within a reasonable range.

Claims

1. A manufacturing process of a copper alloy for a water-cooled exchanger based on monocrystalline silicon smelting is characterized by comprising the following steps:

s2 furnace charging and melting: weighing the glass, mixing the weighed glass with sodium fluoride powder and calcium fluoride powder according to the weight ratio of 1: 1, adding a fusing agent consisting of the mass ratio of 1 into a furnace bottom, then adding a sheet copper plate to pad the bottom, starting a cooling furnace with the heating power of 320KW +/-10 KW, heating to 600-plus-800 ℃, then preserving heat for 20min, then heating to 1100-plus-10 KW with the heating power of 600KW +/-10 KW, preserving heat for 20min, adding blocky Cu foundry returns and scrap Cu furnace burden after the copper plate begins to melt, ensuring that a melting layer, a heating layer and a preheating layer are continuously arranged in a furnace chamber, and adding small Cu guide bars after the furnace burden is melted;

and S7 post-processing: and (3) carrying out ingot casting, blank making, ultrasonic cold forging and nitriding treatment and machining treatment on the copper alloy to obtain the monocrystalline silicon water-cooling exchanger.

2. The monocrystalline silicon smelting-based copper alloy manufacturing process for the water-cooled exchanger is characterized in that the preparation method of the graphene-loaded Ce powder in the step S1 is as follows: taking graphene oxide and CeCl₃·H₂And uniformly mixing the materials in a mass ratio of 3:1, adding the mixture into a water bath crucible, heating the mixture for 20 hours in a water bath at the temperature of 150 ℃, washing the heated mixture, and freeze-drying the washed mixture for 10 hours at the temperature of-20 ℃ to obtain the graphene-loaded Ce powder.

3. The process of manufacturing copper alloy for water-cooled exchanger based on single crystal silicon smelting in claim 1, wherein the mass of flux in step S2 is 5 ± 1Kg, and the mass of flux is less than 5% of the total charge mass.

4. The process for manufacturing the copper alloy for the water-cooled exchanger based on the monocrystalline silicon smelting in the claim 1, wherein the adding amount of the glass in the step S2 is 25Kg +/-2 Kg.

5. The manufacturing process of copper alloy for water-cooled exchanger based on monocrystalline silicon smelting in claim 1, wherein in step S2, when the cooling furnace is started, scrap-shaped charging materials are prevented from being added, and the Cu conducting bars are vertically added into the furnace.

6. The manufacturing process of the copper alloy for the water-cooled exchanger based on the monocrystalline silicon smelting in the claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the furnace mouth is opened for gas protection at the same time when the furnace body is started until the furnace burden is completely melted and the glass uniformly covers the liquid level.

7. The manufacturing process of the copper alloy for the water-cooled exchanger based on the single crystal silicon smelting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the Cr content detection formula in the steps S4 and S5 is as follows: the addition of Cr blocks is the difference between the target Cr content and the measured Cr content in front of the furnace, 3 the weight of the melt.

8. The manufacturing process of the copper alloy for the water-cooled exchanger based on the monocrystalline silicon smelting, according to the claim 1, characterized in that the stirring mode in the step S5 is a bottom blowing top magnetic stirring method, argon gas is blown into the bottom of the bottom magnetic stirring method to stir, electromagnetic stirring is adopted at the top of the bottom magnetic stirring method to mix and stir the melt, the stirring speed is 200r/min, and the argon pressure is kept at 5 Pa.

9. The manufacturing process of the copper alloy for the water-cooled exchanger based on the monocrystalline silicon smelting in the claim 1, wherein the ingot diameter in the step S7 is 360 mm.

10. The manufacturing process of the copper alloy for the water-cooled exchanger based on the single crystal silicon smelting as claimed in claim 1, wherein the ultrasonic cold forging and nitriding method in the step S7 comprises the following steps:

s3 ion nitriding treatment: and placing the water-cooled heat exchanger subjected to cold forging treatment into a nitriding furnace, vacuumizing to 4Pa, nitriding by taking ammonia gas as a nitrogen source at the temperature of 500 +/-5 ℃ after detecting that the gas leakage rate is less than 0.2Pa/min, and cooling the nitrided water-cooled heat exchanger along with the furnace in the ammonia gas atmosphere of 300 Pa.