CN113293023A - Method for preparing high-quality oil from waste tires - Google Patents
Method for preparing high-quality oil from waste tires Download PDFInfo
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- CN113293023A CN113293023A CN202110705554.1A CN202110705554A CN113293023A CN 113293023 A CN113293023 A CN 113293023A CN 202110705554 A CN202110705554 A CN 202110705554A CN 113293023 A CN113293023 A CN 113293023A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/10—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal from rubber or rubber waste
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G1/00—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal
- C10G1/002—Production of liquid hydrocarbon mixtures from oil-shale, oil-sand, or non-melting solid carbonaceous or similar materials, e.g. wood, coal in combination with oil conversion- or refining processes
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G45/00—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds
- C10G45/02—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing
- C10G45/04—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used
- C10G45/10—Refining of hydrocarbon oils using hydrogen or hydrogen-generating compounds to eliminate hetero atoms without changing the skeleton of the hydrocarbon involved and without cracking into lower boiling hydrocarbons; Hydrofinishing characterised by the catalyst used containing platinum group metals or compounds thereof
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G67/00—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only
- C10G67/02—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only
- C10G67/14—Treatment of hydrocarbon oils by at least one hydrotreatment process and at least one process for refining in the absence of hydrogen only plural serial stages only including at least two different refining steps in the absence of hydrogen
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/10—Feedstock materials
- C10G2300/1003—Waste materials
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10G—CRACKING HYDROCARBON OILS; PRODUCTION OF LIQUID HYDROCARBON MIXTURES, e.g. BY DESTRUCTIVE HYDROGENATION, OLIGOMERISATION, POLYMERISATION; RECOVERY OF HYDROCARBON OILS FROM OIL-SHALE, OIL-SAND, OR GASES; REFINING MIXTURES MAINLY CONSISTING OF HYDROCARBONS; REFORMING OF NAPHTHA; MINERAL WAXES
- C10G2300/00—Aspects relating to hydrocarbon processing covered by groups C10G1/00 - C10G99/00
- C10G2300/20—Characteristics of the feedstock or the products
- C10G2300/201—Impurities
- C10G2300/202—Heteroatoms content, i.e. S, N, O, P
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Production Of Liquid Hydrocarbon Mixture For Refining Petroleum (AREA)
- Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing high-quality oil from waste tires, which comprises the following steps: (1) crushing waste tires: crushing waste tires; (2) pyrolysis: feeding the pretreated tire into a pyrolysis furnace, and carrying out pressurized pyrolysis in a helium atmosphere; (3) cooling and separating: cooling the liquid mixture after pyrolysis, washing the liquid mixture with dichloromethane, and filtering and performing rotary evaporation to obtain crude oil; (4) refining: and (4) feeding the crude oil obtained in the step (3) into a secondary high-pressure heating reaction kettle, adding a quantitative catalyst and tetrahydronaphthalene in a hydrogen atmosphere, performing pressure and temperature setting reaction, and cooling and centrifugally separating the obtained liquid to obtain refined oil. The invention reduces the output of gas and solid products and improves the quality of the obtained products by the combined action of the tetrahydronaphthalene and the hydrogen, and simultaneously introduces the catalyst to greatly reduce the content of N \ O \ S, thereby improving the quality of the tire oil production and improving the environmental protection property of the oil.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a method for preparing high-quality oil from waste tires, and belongs to the technical field of biomass energy.
Background
The waste tire has the characteristics of strong heat resistance, biological degradation resistance and mechanical damage resistance, and is difficult to degrade under natural conditions for decades. The accumulation of a large amount of waste tires over the years not only occupies the land, but also is easy to breed mosquitoes and spread diseases. And a fire may be caused by a small carelessness and a large amount of pollution may be generated, resulting in loss of life and property. The waste tires are used for carrying out the oil refining by the earth method, and the necessary environmental protection facilities and the facilities for safe production are lacked, so that the serious environmental pollution is caused, and the health and the life safety of human beings are harmed.
The common waste tire treatment modes include prototype modification, recycling and thermochemical treatment. The prototype modification has two types of prototype utilization and tire retreading, the utilization mode has higher requirement on the waste tire, and the utilization amount of the waste tire is very limited; the recycling includes rubber powder preparation and reclaimed rubber preparation, but the recycling value of the treated resources is low. The waste water, waste gas and waste residue produced in the production process of the regenerated rubber are difficult to treat. The thermochemical treatment has two types of pyrolysis and heat energy utilization, wherein the pyrolysis method is mature in China. The technical practicability of thermochemical treatment is strong.
Pyrolysis of scrap tires is a process of incomplete thermal degradation in the absence of oxygen or oxygen and at moderate temperatures, the product of which is primarily pyrolysis oil. The pyrolysis oil obtained by the traditional method has low quality and high S \ N content, and the subsequent utilization of the pyrolysis oil is severely restricted.
Therefore, how to clean and efficiently convert the waste tires has a great significance for the high-value utilization of the post-treatment products of the waste tires.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems that pyrolysis oil obtained by pyrolysis of the traditional waste tire is low in quality and high in S/N content and is restricted in utilization.
In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a method for preparing high-quality oil from waste tires comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing waste tires: crushing waste tires;
(2) pyrolysis: feeding the pretreated tire into a pyrolysis furnace, and carrying out pressurized pyrolysis in a helium atmosphere;
(3) cooling and separating: cooling the liquid mixture after pyrolysis, washing the liquid mixture with dichloromethane, and filtering and performing rotary evaporation to obtain crude oil;
(4) refining: and (4) feeding the crude oil obtained in the step (3) into a high-pressure heating reaction kettle, adding a quantitative catalyst and tetrahydronaphthalene in a hydrogen atmosphere, performing pressure and temperature setting reaction, and cooling and centrifugally separating the obtained liquid to obtain refined oil.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the step (1) is specifically as follows: the waste tyre is crushed to below 40 meshes.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the reaction conditions of the step (2) are as follows: the pyrolysis temperature is 400 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 60 min.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the reaction conditions of the step (4) are as follows: the pressure of the high-pressure heating reaction kettle is 6.2Mpa, the reaction temperature is 425 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 hours.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the weight ratio of the crude oil, the tetrahydronaphthalene and the catalyst in the step (4) is 1:1: 0.25.
As a further improved technical scheme of the invention, the catalyst in the step (4) is a platinum catalyst with an activated carbon carrier.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method adopts the synergistic effect of the tetrahydronaphthalene and the hydrogen, reduces the gas phase and solid phase product amount, increases the oil yield, and simultaneously can promote the removal of N/S/O and improve the environment-friendly property of the oil.
(2) The invention uses the active carbon loaded PT catalyst to help the transfer of hydrogen, greatly reduces the content of N \ O \ S and further improves the oil quality.
(3) The tire pyrolysis oil obtained by the method has the S content of about 16ppm, the N content of about 0.12 percent, and the low calorific value of 43.5MJ/kg, which is close to the standard of industrial oil.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The following further description of embodiments of the invention is made with reference to the accompanying drawings:
example 1 (without going through step four):
crushing 1kg of waste tires to below 40 meshes, adding the crushed waste tires into a pyrolysis furnace, carrying out pressurized pyrolysis at 400 ℃ in a helium atmosphere, keeping the pyrolysis for 1h, cooling pyrolysis liquid, washing the pyrolysis liquid by dichloromethane, filtering the pyrolysis liquid by a filter, and carrying out rotary evaporation by a rotary evaporator to obtain 0.56kg of crude oil (wherein the element content is [ C ]86.88%, [ N ]0.73%, [ S ]3795ppm, and the lower calorific value is 42.65 MJ/kg).
Example 2 (over step four, temperature change):
(2.1) autoclave temperature (390 ℃ C.):
as shown in figure 1, 1kg of waste tire is crushed to below 40 meshes, added into a pyrolysis furnace, pressurized and pyrolyzed at 400 ℃ in a helium atmosphere, kept for 1h, and the pyrolysis liquid is cooled and washed by dichloromethane, filtered by a filter and rotary evaporated by a rotary evaporator to obtain 0.56kg of crude oil (wherein the element content is [ C ]86.88%, [ N ]0.73%, [ S ]3795ppm, and the lower calorific value is 42.65 MJ/kg). And (2) feeding the crude oil into a high-pressure heating reaction kettle (0.56 kg of tetrahydronaphthalene and 0.14kg of catalyst (the catalyst is activated carbon loaded Pt) are added in a hydrogen atmosphere, the reaction temperature in the high-pressure heating reaction kettle is 390 ℃, and the pressure is 6.2 Mpa), keeping for 2h, cooling the obtained liquid, and centrifugally separating by a centrifugal machine to obtain pyrolysis oil (0.48 kg, 85.95%) (wherein the element contents are [ C ]88.62%, [ N ]0.22%, [ S ]77ppm, and the lower calorific value is 43.35 MJ/kg).
(2.2) autoclave temperature (425 ℃ C.):
as shown in figure 1, 1kg of waste tire is crushed to below 40 meshes, added into a pyrolysis furnace, pressurized and pyrolyzed at 400 ℃ in a helium atmosphere, kept for 1h, and the pyrolysis liquid is cooled and washed by dichloromethane, filtered by a filter and rotary evaporated by a rotary evaporator to obtain 0.56kg of crude oil (wherein the element content is [ C ]86.88%, [ N ]0.73%, [ S ]3795ppm, and the lower calorific value is 42.65 MJ/kg). And (2) feeding the crude oil into a high-pressure heating reaction kettle (0.56 kg of tetrahydronaphthalene and 0.14kg of catalyst (the catalyst is activated carbon loaded Pt) are added in a hydrogen atmosphere, the reaction temperature in the high-pressure heating reaction kettle is 425 ℃ and the pressure is 6.2 Mpa), keeping for 2 hours, cooling the obtained liquid, and centrifugally separating by a centrifugal machine to obtain pyrolysis oil (0.472 kg, 84.34%) (wherein the element contents are 90.75%, [ N ]0.12%, [ S ]16ppm, and the lower calorific value is 43.51 MJ/kg).
Therefore, 425 ℃ is more beneficial to the upgrading of pyrolysis oil.
Example 3 (after step four, the catalyst was Ru-supported on activated carbon):
as shown in figure 1, 1kg of waste tire is crushed to below 40 meshes, added into a pyrolysis furnace, pressurized and pyrolyzed at 400 ℃ in a helium atmosphere, kept for 1h, and the pyrolysis liquid is cooled and washed by dichloromethane, filtered by a filter and rotary evaporated by a rotary evaporator to obtain 0.56kg of crude oil (wherein the element content is [ C ]86.88%, [ N ]0.73%, [ S ]3795ppm, and the lower calorific value is 42.65 MJ/kg). Feeding the crude oil into a high-pressure heating reaction kettle (adding 0.56kg of tetrahydronaphthalene and 0.14kg of catalyst (the catalyst is Ru loaded by active carbon) in a hydrogen atmosphere, keeping the reaction temperature in the high-pressure heating reaction kettle at 425 ℃ and the pressure at 6.2Mpa for 2h, and cooling and centrifugally separating the obtained liquid by a centrifugal machine to obtain pyrolysis oil (0.448 kg, 84.58%) (wherein the element contents are [ C ]90.15%, [ N ]0.14%, [ S ]72ppm and the lower calorific value is 43.82 MJ/kg).
Compared with the activated carbon loaded with Pt, the content of S is greatly improved, so that the activated carbon loaded with Pt has more advantages for desulfurization.
Example 4 (after step four, the pressure in the autoclave was adjusted to 4.5 Mpa):
as shown in figure 1, 1kg of waste tire is crushed to below 40 meshes, added into a pyrolysis furnace, pressurized and pyrolyzed at 400 ℃ in a helium atmosphere, kept for 1h, and the pyrolysis liquid is cooled and washed by dichloromethane, filtered by a filter and rotary evaporated by a rotary evaporator to obtain 0.56kg of crude oil (wherein the element content is [ C ]86.88%, [ N ]0.73%, [ S ]3795ppm, and the lower calorific value is 42.65 MJ/kg). And (2) feeding the crude oil into a high-pressure heating reaction kettle (0.56 kg of tetrahydronaphthalene and 0.14kg of catalyst (the catalyst is activated carbon loaded Pt) are added in a hydrogen atmosphere, the reaction temperature in the high-pressure heating reaction kettle is 425 ℃ and the pressure is 4.5 Mpa), keeping for 2 hours, cooling the obtained liquid, and centrifugally separating by a centrifugal machine to obtain pyrolysis oil (0.453 kg, 83.34%) (wherein the element contents are 90.22%, [ N ]0.15%, [ S ]34ppm, and the lower calorific value is 43.21 MJ/kg).
Compared with pressure reduction, the pyrolysis index is reduced slightly, and 6.2MPa is more favorable.
Example 5 (adjustment of reaction time 3h via step four):
as shown in figure 1, 1kg of waste tire is crushed to below 40 meshes, added into a pyrolysis furnace, pressurized and pyrolyzed at 400 ℃ in a helium atmosphere, kept for 1h, and the pyrolysis liquid is cooled and washed by dichloromethane, filtered by a filter and rotary evaporated by a rotary evaporator to obtain 0.56kg of crude oil (wherein the element content is [ C ]86.88%, [ N ]0.73%, [ S ]3795ppm, and the lower calorific value is 42.65 MJ/kg). And (2) feeding the crude oil into a high-pressure heating reaction kettle (0.56 kg of tetrahydronaphthalene and 0.14kg of catalyst (the catalyst is activated carbon loaded Pt) are added in a hydrogen atmosphere, the reaction temperature in the high-pressure heating reaction kettle is 425 ℃ and the pressure is 6.2 Mpa), keeping for 3 hours, cooling the obtained liquid, and centrifugally separating by a centrifugal machine to obtain pyrolysis oil (0.42 kg, 74.97%) (wherein the element contents are 90.22%, [ N ]0.068%, [ S ]35ppm, and the lower calorific value is 43.13 MJ/kg).
The reaction time is more preferably 2 h.
By way of example, it can be seen that the optimum reaction conditions for the autoclave are: the reaction temperature is 425 ℃, the pressure is 6.2Mpa, and the temperature is kept for 2 h; the addition amount of the crude oil, the tetrahydronaphthalene and the catalyst (Pt loaded on the activated carbon) is 1:1:0.25, which is more beneficial to realizing the advantages of the invention.
The scope of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, the above embodiments, and the present invention is defined by the appended claims, and any alterations, modifications, and improvements that may occur to those skilled in the art are all within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A method for preparing high-quality oil from waste tires is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing waste tires: crushing waste tires;
(2) pyrolysis: feeding the pretreated tire into a pyrolysis furnace, and carrying out pressurized pyrolysis in a helium atmosphere;
(3) cooling and separating: cooling the liquid mixture after pyrolysis, washing the liquid mixture with dichloromethane, and filtering and performing rotary evaporation to obtain crude oil;
(4) refining: and (4) feeding the crude oil obtained in the step (3) into a high-pressure heating reaction kettle, adding a quantitative catalyst and tetrahydronaphthalene in a hydrogen atmosphere, performing pressure and temperature setting reaction, and cooling and centrifugally separating the obtained liquid to obtain refined oil.
2. The method for manufacturing high-quality oil from scrap tires according to claim 1, characterized in that: the step (1) is specifically as follows: the waste tyre is crushed to below 40 meshes.
3. The method for manufacturing high-quality oil from scrap tires according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reaction conditions of the step (2) are as follows: the pyrolysis temperature is 400 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 60 min.
4. The method for manufacturing high-quality oil from scrap tires according to claim 1, characterized in that: the reaction conditions of the step (4) are as follows: the pressure of the high-pressure heating reaction kettle is 6.2Mpa, the reaction temperature is 425 ℃, and the heat preservation time is 2 hours.
5. The method for manufacturing high-quality oil from scrap tires according to claim 4, characterized in that: the weight ratio of the crude oil, the tetrahydronaphthalene and the catalyst in the step (4) is 1:1: 0.25.
6. The method for manufacturing high-quality oil from scrap tires according to claim 5, characterized in that: the catalyst in the step (4) is a platinum catalyst with an activated carbon carrier.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN116286073A (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-06-23 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for preparing high-quality pyrolysis oil by catalytic pyrolysis of waste tires based on concentrating solar heat source |
Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102851062A (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2013-01-02 | 郑州大学 | Organic-solvent-promoted bio-oil catalytic hydrogenation process method |
CN108203588A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-06-26 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of method of nitrogen atmosphere low temperature pyrogenation processing damaged tire |
CN110938450A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-03-31 | 华中科技大学 | Method for preparing pyrolysis oil and limonene by utilizing waste tires through pressurization and pyrolysis |
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2021
- 2021-06-24 CN CN202110705554.1A patent/CN113293023A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN102851062A (en) * | 2012-05-08 | 2013-01-02 | 郑州大学 | Organic-solvent-promoted bio-oil catalytic hydrogenation process method |
CN108203588A (en) * | 2018-01-30 | 2018-06-26 | 中国石油大学(华东) | A kind of method of nitrogen atmosphere low temperature pyrogenation processing damaged tire |
CN110938450A (en) * | 2019-12-16 | 2020-03-31 | 华中科技大学 | Method for preparing pyrolysis oil and limonene by utilizing waste tires through pressurization and pyrolysis |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN116286073A (en) * | 2022-12-09 | 2023-06-23 | 中国科学院广州能源研究所 | Method for preparing high-quality pyrolysis oil by catalytic pyrolysis of waste tires based on concentrating solar heat source |
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