CN113292693A - Fireproof flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam plugging material - Google Patents

Fireproof flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam plugging material Download PDF

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CN113292693A
CN113292693A CN202110499282.4A CN202110499282A CN113292693A CN 113292693 A CN113292693 A CN 113292693A CN 202110499282 A CN202110499282 A CN 202110499282A CN 113292693 A CN113292693 A CN 113292693A
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parts
plugging material
component
retardant
polyurethane foam
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李森
蔡铭放
王进
刘勇
李亚茹
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Shandong Minye Refractory Fibers Co ltd
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Shandong Minye Refractory Fibers Co ltd
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    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
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    • C08GMACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED OTHERWISE THAN BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING UNSATURATED CARBON-TO-CARBON BONDS
    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40High-molecular-weight compounds
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    • C08G18/00Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates
    • C08G18/06Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen
    • C08G18/28Polymeric products of isocyanates or isothiocyanates with compounds having active hydrogen characterised by the compounds used containing active hydrogen
    • C08G18/40High-molecular-weight compounds
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    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/06Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a chemical blowing agent
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/14Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
    • C08J9/141Hydrocarbons
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    • C08J9/00Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof
    • C08J9/04Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent
    • C08J9/12Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent
    • C08J9/14Working-up of macromolecular substances to porous or cellular articles or materials; After-treatment thereof using blowing gases generated by a previously added blowing agent by a physical blowing agent organic
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    • C08J2203/00Foams characterized by the expanding agent
    • C08J2203/14Saturated hydrocarbons, e.g. butane; Unspecified hydrocarbons
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    • C08J2203/00Foams characterized by the expanding agent
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    • C08J2203/00Foams characterized by the expanding agent
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    • C08J2375/00Characterised by the use of polyureas or polyurethanes; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2375/04Polyurethanes
    • C08J2375/08Polyurethanes from polyethers

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Abstract

The invention discloses a fireproof flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam plugging material which consists of a component A and a component B, wherein the component A comprises 20-40 parts of rigid foam polyether polyol, 25-55 parts of a composite flame retardant, 0.1-1 part of a catalyst, 0.1-2 parts of a foam stabilizer, 0.05-1.2 parts of a foaming agent and 5 parts of a dye; the component B is 25-50 parts of polyisocyanate, the component A and the component B are mixed during construction, the rigid polyurethane foam plugging material with the fireproof and flame-retardant functions is provided, the high temperature resistance of the polyurethane fireproof plugging material is improved by adding ceramic fiber powder, and the framework supporting effect is achieved after combustion, so that combustion products are not easy to collapse, toxic gas and smoke are effectively blocked, the flame retardant effect of the polyurethane fireproof plugging material is further improved by the synergistic effect of the composite flame retardant, and open flame combustion is not easy to occur; the addition of the ceramic fiber powder can reduce the heat conductivity coefficient of the polyurethane fireproof plugging material, and the plugging material with better heat insulation performance is obtained.

Description

Fireproof flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam plugging material
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of building chemical materials, and particularly relates to a fireproof flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam plugging material.
Background
In recent years, fire disasters caused by construction sites and building materials tend to be frequent in China, and extra-large fire disasters in many areas are related to the building materials, so that great loss is caused, and the fire prevention of the building materials is particularly important. The building fire protection system is divided into an active fire protection system and a passive fire protection system, wherein the active fire protection system consists of automatic (manual) control alarm, spraying, fire protection electricity utilization, water supply and other equipment systems; the passive fire protection system is composed of fire-resistant or non-combustible decoration materials, such as fire-resistant doors, fire-resistant suspended ceilings, and fire-resistant plugging materials such as cables, pipelines and the like which penetrate through holes formed in walls and floors and building gaps.
The fireproof plugging material generally refers to a material which is used for a cable bridge, a conduit, various pipelines and the like to penetrate through a hole formed in a wall or a floor slab or gaps and the like caused by some reasons in the process of building construction and has the functions of heat insulation, fire prevention, flame retardance and smoke prevention. The fireproof plugging material is widely applied, and almost all buildings are made of the fireproof plugging material, in particular to buildings and important public buildings in the industries of electric power, petrifaction, transportation, metallurgy, communication and the like.
At present, domestic fireproof plugging materials mainly comprise a fire retardant bag, inorganic plugging materials and organic plugging materials, but the materials have some defects and drawbacks. The fire retardant package can not achieve the smoke-tight effect, the air tightness requirement can not be met in some special industries, and the construction is difficult to control; the inorganic blocking material is easy to crack and inconvenient to construct; the organic blocking material can corrode a matrix after long-term use, and fire hazard is easily formed. Therefore, in order to overcome the defects of the fireproof plugging material, a novel material is urgently needed to replace the fireproof plugging material, and the polyurethane fireproof plugging material is convenient to apply. The invention patent CN101003611A provides a novel high-efficiency fireproof plugging material, a bi-component foaming system and a product thereof, which have good flame retardant effect; the invention patent CN105255153A utilizes polyurethane, polyether glycol, microlite and the like to prepare an anticorrosion fireproof polyurethane foam joint filling material, and the material has a plurality of components and excellent anticorrosion and fireproof performances; the invention patent CN103183806B discloses a bi-component high-flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam material, which has excellent mechanical property, high flame-retardant property and durable storage property and is suitable for buildings with higher fireproof level. The invention patent CN101298515A discloses a preparation and application method of a polyurethane fireproof blocking material, wherein the polyurethane fireproof blocking material is prepared by carrying out chemical reaction on polyisocyanate containing a flame retardant and polyether polyol.
Although polyurethane fire prevention plugging material has solved some problems of ordinary fire prevention plugging material, its own also has some inadequacies, for example high temperature resistant, fire-retardant continuation is poor etc. under continuous high temperature, although can play fire prevention fire-retardant effect, the product after the burning takes place very easily to collapse and leads to the shutoff department damaged, and at this moment a large amount of toxic gas and smog will be followed the damaged leakage, cause huge accident hidden danger.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems that the polyurethane fireproof plugging material in the prior art is not high-temperature resistant, has poor flame-retardant persistence and is easy to collapse after combustion, the invention provides the fireproof flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam plugging material.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a fireproof flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam plugging material consists of a component A and a component B; the component A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of hard foam polyether polyol, 25-55 parts of composite flame retardant, 0.1-1 part of catalyst, 0.1-2 parts of foam stabilizer, 0.05-1.2 parts of foaming agent and 5 parts of dye; the component B is 25-50 parts of polyisocyanate;
the composite flame retardant comprises 30-60% of liquid flame retardant, 10-30% of expanded graphite, 2-15% of zinc borate and 10-40% of ceramic fiber powder.
Further, the hard foam polyether polyol is prepared by taking a mixture of more than one of sucrose, alcohols, glycerol, amines and alcohol amines as an initiator.
Further, the hard foam polyether polyol.
Further, the liquid flame retardant is more than one of tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris (2, 3-dichloropropyl) phosphate, dimethyl methylphosphonate, tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate, FR-300 and FR-368.
Furthermore, the mesh number of the expanded graphite is 30-200 meshes, the mesh number of the zinc borate is 100-600 meshes, and the mesh number of the ceramic fiber powder is 100-800 meshes.
Furthermore, the catalyst is 40-80% of amine catalyst and 20-60% of tin catalyst.
Further, the foam stabilizer is organic silicone oil; the foaming agent is more than one of water, n-pentane, cyclopentane, isopentane, HFC-245fa, HCFC-141b and HFC-365 mfc; the dye is more than one of oily red, oily yellow, oily black and oily white.
The polyisocyanate is more than one of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate and hexamethylene diisocyanate.
Advantageous effects
(1) The addition of the ceramic fiber powder can improve the high temperature resistance of the polyurethane fireproof plugging material, and the polyurethane fireproof plugging material plays a role in framework support after combustion, so that combustion products are not easy to collapse, toxic gas and smoke are effectively blocked, the flame retardant effect of the polyurethane fireproof plugging material is further improved due to the synergistic effect of the composite flame retardant, and open flame combustion is not easy to occur; the addition of the ceramic fiber powder can reduce the heat conductivity coefficient of the polyurethane fireproof plugging material, so that the plugging material with better heat insulation performance is obtained;
(2) the novel fireproof flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam plugging material provided by the invention has excellent fireproof flame-retardant performance, is suitable for buildings and important public buildings in the industries such as electric power, petrifaction, traffic, metallurgy, communication and the like, even buildings with higher fireproof level, and has better economic and social benefits.
Detailed Description
For further understanding of the contents, features and effects of the present invention, the following examples are set forth without any intention to limit the scope of the present invention, and all equivalent technical solutions are also within the scope of the present invention, and the scope of the present invention should be defined by the claims.
The parts described in the following examples are parts by weight.
The ceramic fiber powder is ceramic fiber powder of different types produced by Shandong Ming Ye refractory fiber Co., Ltd, such as common type, standard type, high purity type, high aluminum property, low zirconium type, zirconium-containing type and polycrystalline fiber type.
Example 1
(1) Mixing and uniformly stirring 22 parts of hard foam polyether polyol with the molecular weight of 300, 22 parts of tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate, 10 parts of expanded graphite, 6 parts of zinc borate, 10 parts of ceramic fiber powder, 0.25 part of amine catalyst, 0.25 part of tin catalyst, 0.4 part of organic silicone oil, 0.1 part of water and 1 part of red polyurethane dye to form a component A,
(2) 28 parts of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate as a component B;
(3) the A and B are separately packaged in two different containers, when in site construction, the A and B components are simultaneously poured into the containers to be mixed and stirred at a high speed for 20 seconds, and are quickly poured into holes needing fireproof sealing, and the holes can be hardened within 5 minutes, wherein the reaction product is hard, and the expansion volume of the foam is about 6 times of that before the reaction;
wherein, the hard foam polyether polyol is prepared by taking alcohols as an initiator; the specification of the expanded graphite is 80 meshes; the specification of the zinc borate is 325 meshes; the ceramic fiber powder is of standard type (Al)2O3The content is more than or equal to 43 percent) and the specification is 300 meshes.
Example 2
(1) Mixing 25 parts of hard foam polyether polyol with the molecular weight of 500, 20 parts of tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate, 8 parts of expanded graphite, 5 parts of zinc borate, 10 parts of ceramic fiber powder, 0.3 part of amine catalyst, 0.2 part of tin catalyst, 0.35 part of organic silicone oil, 0.15 part of n-pentane, 0.5 part of red and 0.5 part of yellow polyurethane dye together and stirring uniformly to form a component A;
(2) 31 parts of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate as a component B;
(3) respectively installing the A and the B in a two-component rubber tube, driving the A and the B into a gap to be blocked by a rubber gun during field construction, and hardening within 5 minutes, wherein a reaction product is hard, and the expansion volume of foam is about 6 times of that before reaction;
wherein, the hard foam polyether polyol is prepared by taking glycerol as an initiator; the specification of the expanded graphite is 80 meshes; the specification of the zinc borate is 400 meshes; the ceramic fiber powder is of standard type (Al)2O3The content is more than or equal to 43 percent) and the specification is 325 meshes.
Example 3
(1) 30 parts of hard foam polyether polyol with the molecular weight of 1000, 10 parts of dimethyl methylphosphonate, 5.1 parts of expanded graphite, 2 parts of zinc borate, 10 parts of ceramic fiber powder, 0.2 part of amine catalyst, 0.1 part of tin catalyst, 0.2 part of organic silicone oil, 0.4 part of HCFC-141b, 1 part of red polyurethane dye and 1 part of yellow polyurethane dye are mixed together and stirred uniformly to form a component A;
(2) 40 parts of diphenylmethane diisocyanate as component B;
(3) the component A and the component B are separately arranged in two different containers, when in site construction, the component A and the component B are simultaneously poured into a large container to be mixed and stirred at a high speed for 20 seconds, then the mixture is quickly poured into a hole needing to be blocked by fire prevention, the mixture can be hardened within 5 minutes, a reaction product is hard, and the expansion volume of foam is about 6 times of that before the reaction;
wherein, the hard foam polyether polyol is prepared by taking sucrose as an initiator; the specification of the expanded graphite is 50 meshes; the specification of the zinc borate is 200 meshes; the ceramic fiber powder is of zirconium-containing type (Al)2O3+SiO2+ZrO2Content is not less than 99 percent, ZrO2Content is more than or equal to 15 percent) and the specification is 400 meshes.
Example 4
(1) Mixing 20 parts of hard foam polyether polyol (the mass ratio is 1: 1) with the molecular weights of 300 and 500 respectively, 15 parts of FR-300, 10 parts of FR-368, 7 parts of expanded graphite, 5 parts of zinc borate, 8 parts of ceramic fiber powder, 0.23 part of amine catalyst, 0.22 part of tin catalyst, 1 part of organic silicone oil, 0.4 part of cyclopentane, 0.2 part of water and 1 part of red polyurethane dye together and stirring uniformly to form a component A;
(2) 32 parts of p-phenylene diisocyanate is a component B;
(3) the A and B are separately packaged in two different containers, when in site construction, the A and B components are simultaneously poured into the containers to be mixed and stirred at a high speed for 20 seconds, then the mixture is quickly poured into a hole needing fireproof sealing, the mixture can be hardened within 5 minutes, a reaction product is hard, and the expansion volume of foam is about 6 times of that before the reaction;
wherein the hard foam polyether polyol is a mixture of polyether polyols prepared by respectively taking alcohols and glycerol as initiators, and the mass ratio is 1: 1; the specification of the expanded graphite is 100 meshes; the specification of the zinc borate is 300 meshes; the ceramic fiber powder is high-purity (Al)2O3Content is more than or equal to 44 percent) and the specification is 200 meshes.
Example 5
(1) Mixing 35 parts of hard foam polyether polyol with the molecular weights of 200 and 700, 8 parts of tris (2, 3-dichloropropyl) phosphate, 2.7 parts of expanded graphite, 1 part of zinc borate, 5 parts of ceramic fiber powder, 0.1 part of amine catalyst, 0.05 part of tin catalyst, 0.15 part of organic silicone oil, 0.6 part of n-pentane, 0.4 part of HFC-245fa, 0.5 part of yellow and 0.5 part of black polyurethane dye together and stirring uniformly to form a component A;
(2) 46 parts of hexamethylene diisocyanate as a component B;
(3) the component A and the component B are respectively arranged in a two-component rubber pipe, when in site construction, a rubber gun is used for driving into a gap or a hole to be blocked, the rubber pipe can be hardened within 5 minutes, a reaction product is hard, and the expansion volume of foam is about 6 times that before the reaction;
wherein the hard foam polyether polyol is a mixture of polyether polyols prepared by respectively taking amines and alcamines as initiators, and the mass ratio is 2: 1; the specification of the expanded graphite is 50 meshes; the specification of the zinc borate is 500 meshes; the ceramic fiber powder is of low-zirconium type (Al)2O3+SiO2+ZrO2Content is not less than 99 percent, ZrO2Content of 5-7%) and polymorph (Al)2O3The content is more than or equal to 72 percent) in a mass ratio of 1:1, and the specification is 500 meshes.
Example 6
(1) Mixing 25 parts of hard foam polyether polyol with the molecular weights of 500 and 1000, 18 parts of tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate, 7 parts of expanded graphite, 2.77 parts of zinc borate, 10 parts of ceramic fiber powder, 0.3 part of amine catalyst, 0.2 part of tin catalyst, 0.23 part of organic silicone oil, 0.2 part of cyclopentane, 0.3 part of isopentane, 0.5 part of yellow and 0.5 part of red polyurethane dye together and stirring uniformly to form a component A;
(2) a mixture of 25 parts of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate and 10 parts of p-phenylene diisocyanate is used as a component B;
(3) pouring the component A and the component B into a large container at the same time, mixing and stirring at a high speed for 20 seconds, then quickly pouring into a hole to be blocked in a fireproof way, and hardening within 5 minutes, wherein the reaction product is hard, and the expansion volume of the foam is about 6 times that before the reaction;
wherein the hard foam polyether polyol is a mixture of polyether polyols prepared by respectively taking glycerin and sucrose as initiators, and the mass ratio is 3: 1; the specification of the expanded graphite is 80 meshes; the specification of the zinc borate is 300 meshes; the ceramic fiber powder is of standard type (Al)2O3Content of more than or equal to 43 percent) and polymorphism (Al)2O3The content is more than or equal to 72 percent) and the mass ratio is 1:1, specification of 400 mesh.
Comparative example 1
(1) Mixing 25 parts of hard foam polyether polyol with the molecular weight of 500, 25 parts of tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate, 12 parts of expanded graphite, 6 parts of zinc borate, 0.3 part of amine catalyst, 0.2 part of tin catalyst, 0.35 part of organic silicone oil, 0.15 part of n-pentane, 0.5 part of red and 0.5 part of yellow polyurethane dye together and stirring uniformly to form a component A;
(2) 31 parts of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate as a component B;
(3) pouring the component A and the component B into a container simultaneously, mixing and stirring at a high speed for 20 seconds, then quickly pouring into a hole needing fireproof blocking, and hardening within 5 minutes, wherein the reaction product is hard, and the expansion volume of foam is about 6 times of that before reaction;
wherein, the hard foam polyether polyol is prepared by taking glycerol as an initiator; the specification of the expanded graphite is 80 meshes; the specification of the zinc borate is 400 meshes; the ceramic fiber powder is of standard type (Al)2O3The content is more than or equal to 43 percent) and the specification is 325 meshes.
Comparative example 2
(1) Mixing 25 parts of hard foam polyether polyol with the molecular weight of 500, 15 parts of expanded graphite, 8 parts of zinc borate, 20 parts of ceramic fiber powder, 0.3 part of amine catalyst, 0.2 part of tin catalyst, 0.35 part of organic silicone oil, 0.15 part of n-pentane, 0.5 part of red polyurethane dye and 0.5 part of yellow polyurethane dye together and uniformly stirring to form a component A;
(2) 31 parts of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate as a component B;
(3) respectively installing the A and the B in a two-component rubber tube, driving the A and the B into a gap to be blocked by a rubber gun during field construction, and hardening within 5 minutes, wherein a reaction product is hard, and the expansion volume of foam is about 6 times of that before reaction;
wherein, the hard foam polyether polyol is prepared by taking glycerol as an initiator; the specification of the expanded graphite is 80 meshes; the specification of the zinc borate is 400 meshes; the ceramic fiber powder is of standard type (Al)2O3The content is more than or equal to 43 percent) and the specification is 325 meshes.
And (3) performance testing:
the polyurethane foam plugging materials prepared in the embodiment 2, the comparative example 1 and the comparative example 2 are sprayed for 5cm and then placed under standard conditions for curing for 24h, and the flame retardant effect and various performance parameters of the flame retardant material are detected, and the results are shown in the following table 1, and the table 1 shows that the composite flame retardant used in the invention has the advantages of better flame retardant effect, high temperature resistance, good flame retardant continuity, difficulty in collapse after combustion and obvious advantages.
TABLE 1 flame-retardant effect and Performance analysis of rigid polyurethane foam plugging materials
Figure 187283DEST_PATH_IMAGE001

Claims (8)

1. A fireproof flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam plugging material is characterized by comprising a component A and a component B; the component A comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 20-40 parts of hard foam polyether polyol, 25-55 parts of composite flame retardant, 0.1-1 part of catalyst, 0.1-2 parts of foam stabilizer, 0.05-1.2 parts of foaming agent and 5 parts of dye; the component B is 25-50 parts of polyisocyanate;
the composite flame retardant comprises 30-60% of liquid flame retardant, 10-30% of expanded graphite, 2-15% of zinc borate and 10-40% of ceramic fiber powder.
2. The fireproof flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam plugging material of claim 1, wherein the rigid foam polyether polyol is prepared by taking a mixture of more than one of sucrose, alcohols, glycerol, amines and alcohol amines as an initiator.
3. The flameproof rigid polyurethane foam plugging material of claim 2, wherein the rigid foam polyether polyol is a polyurethane foam.
4. The fire retardant rigid polyurethane foam plugging material of claim 1, wherein the liquid fire retardant is one or more of tris (2-chloroethyl) phosphate, tris (2, 3-dichloropropyl) phosphate, dimethyl methylphosphonate, tris (2-chloropropyl) phosphate, FR-300 and FR-368.
5. The fireproof flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam plugging material as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mesh number of the expanded graphite is 30-200 meshes, the mesh number of the zinc borate is 100-600 meshes, and the mesh number of the ceramic fiber powder is 100-800 meshes.
6. The fireproof flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam plugging material of claim 1, wherein the catalyst is 40-80% of amine catalyst and 20-60% of tin catalyst.
7. The fireproof flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam plugging material of claim 1, wherein the foam stabilizer is silicone oil; the foaming agent is more than one of water, n-pentane, cyclopentane, isopentane, HFC-245fa, HCFC-141b and HFC-365 mfc; the dye is more than one of oily red, oily yellow, oily black and oily white.
8. The fire retardant rigid polyurethane foam plugging material according to claim 1, wherein the polyisocyanate is one or more of polymethylene polyphenyl polyisocyanate, diphenylmethane diisocyanate, p-phenylene diisocyanate, and hexamethylene diisocyanate.
CN202110499282.4A 2021-05-08 2021-05-08 Fireproof flame-retardant rigid polyurethane foam plugging material Pending CN113292693A (en)

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