CN113290248B - Preparation method of metal capillary core with multilayer structure - Google Patents
Preparation method of metal capillary core with multilayer structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN113290248B CN113290248B CN202110495280.8A CN202110495280A CN113290248B CN 113290248 B CN113290248 B CN 113290248B CN 202110495280 A CN202110495280 A CN 202110495280A CN 113290248 B CN113290248 B CN 113290248B
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- metal
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F7/00—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression
- B22F7/002—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature
- B22F7/004—Manufacture of composite layers, workpieces, or articles, comprising metallic powder, by sintering the powder, with or without compacting wherein at least one part is obtained by sintering or compression of porous nature comprising at least one non-porous part
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
- B22F3/10—Sintering only
- B22F3/1017—Multiple heating or additional steps
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F5/10—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product of articles with cavities or holes, not otherwise provided for in the preceding subgroups
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D15/00—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies
- F28D15/02—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes
- F28D15/04—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure
- F28D15/046—Heat-exchange apparatus with the intermediate heat-transfer medium in closed tubes passing into or through the conduit walls ; Heat-exchange apparatus employing intermediate heat-transfer medium or bodies in which the medium condenses and evaporates, e.g. heat pipes with tubes having a capillary structure characterised by the material or the construction of the capillary structure
Abstract
A preparation method of a metal capillary core with a multilayer structure comprises the following specific steps: A. mixing metal powder and an organic additive solution in proportion to prepare a suspension; B. coating the prepared suspension liquid on the outer surface of a porous metal inner core (1) to form a first modification layer (2) and the inner surface of a compact metal tube (6) to form a second modification layer (5), and placing the porous metal inner core and the compact metal tube in a high-temperature furnace for first-step sintering; C. and (3) assembling the sintered compact metal tube (6) and the porous metal inner core (1), filling metal powder into a cavity of the compact metal tube to form a capillary layer (4), sintering the compact metal tube and the porous metal inner core for the second time in a high-temperature furnace, and obtaining the capillary core material after sintering. According to the invention, the pre-coating layer is arranged on the inner wall of the compact metal pipe, so that the bonding force between the capillary layer and the metal outer pipe is improved, the axial shrinkage is slowed down, the steam flow channel is naturally formed in the axial direction, and the double-pore-diameter structure of the capillary core is realized.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation method of a metal capillary wick with a multilayer structure, in particular to a preparation method of a capillary wick capable of forming an axial steam flow channel in a capillary layer.
Technical Field
The surface of the evaporator is heated and loaded, the heat is transferred to the surface of the capillary core, the working medium liquid in the pore structure of the capillary core is heated and evaporated on the outer surface of the capillary core in the evaporator to generate capillary force for circulating the working medium, and the working medium liquid is gathered in the steam channel, passes through the steam pipeline, enters the condenser for condensation and supercooling, finally flows back into the liquid storage device through the liquid pipeline, is sucked to the surface through the capillary core for evaporation, and therefore a cycle is completed.
At present, Russian and related research centers in the United states have developed a complete set of mature loop heat pipe development systems from research design to development and manufacturing, and from assembly testing to operational testing. In China, units such as the Chinese space technology research institute and the like can form conventional heat pipes in a large scale, but the conventional heat pipes are still in the research and development stage at present due to the limitation of cost and technology in the fields of microelectronic device heat dissipation, aerospace and the like. The porous material is used as a core component of a Loop Heat Pipe (LHP), and a capillary core in an evaporator of the heat pipe utilizes the capillary suction force and the permeability of the porous material to drive the circulation of a medium, so that the efficient heat and mass transfer process of the LHP is realized. For capillary structures, decreasing pore size can increase capillary tension, but too small a capillary pore size can impede vapor flow rates and even affect the normal start-up of the overall LHP.
Patent CN103528409A discloses a method for preparing a capillary wick of a loop heat pipe, which is characterized in that a cylindrical capillary wick with a steam outlet channel and a central channel, the length of which can be changed along with the closing height of a mold, is produced at one time by a process of cold press molding and then atmosphere sintering, but the capillary wick is of a single-layer structure, the capillary suction force can be improved by reducing the capillary aperture, but the too small capillary aperture can prevent the steam from being discharged in time, even the normal start of the whole loop heat pipe is affected, and the overall performance is poor.
Patent CN110303153A discloses a method for processing a capillary core of a loop heat pipe, which comprises adding a binder into the existing metal powder raw material, isostatic pressing to obtain a green body, machining a channel under the green body condition, and sintering, wherein the capillary core is pressed under high pressure, the obtained capillary core has low porosity, and a gap exists between a tube shell and the capillary core, so that the heat exchange resistance is high. Therefore, the preparation of the high-efficiency capillary wick needs to develop a brand new preparation process based on the existing process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to improve the defects of the prior art and provides a preparation method of a metal capillary wick with a multi-layer structure.
The technical scheme of the invention is as follows: according to the invention, the gradient pore diameter structure capillary core is sintered, the steam flow channel 3 is sintered in the capillary layer to improve the gas flow channel rate and the heat exchange efficiency, and the outer layer of the capillary core naturally forms a steam groove structure by utilizing the asynchronous expansion of the inner layer and the outer layer at high temperature.
The specific technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a preparation method of a metal capillary core with a multilayer structure comprises the following specific steps: A. mixing metal powder and an organic additive solution in proportion to prepare a suspension; B. coating the prepared suspension on the outer surface of a porous metal inner core 1 to form a first modification layer 2 and the inner surface of a compact metal tube 6 to form a second modification layer 5, and placing the porous metal inner core and the compact metal tube in a high-temperature furnace for first-step sintering; C. and assembling the sintered compact metal tube 6 and the porous metal inner core 1, filling metal powder into a cavity of the compact metal tube to form a capillary layer 4, sintering the capillary layer for the second time in a high-temperature furnace, and obtaining the capillary core material after sintering.
Preferably, the organic additive solution is polyvinyl butyral ester or methyl cellulose solution, wherein the mass concentration of the additive in the organic additive solution is 0.5-3%.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the metal powder to the organic additive solution is (1-5): 1.
Preferably, the metal powder in the step (1) and the metal powder in the step (3) are the same material; the material is nickel, copper, stainless steel or titanium, and the particle size is 1-30 μm.
Preferably, the porous metal inner core is made of nickel, copper, stainless steel or titanium, the outer diameter is 4-20 mm, and the wall thickness is 0.5-2 mm. Preferably, the pore diameter of the porous metal inner core is 10-500 mu m, and the porosity is 30-80%.
Preferably, the compact metal tube is made of stainless steel or titanium, the outer diameter of the compact metal tube is 10-30 mm, and the wall thickness of the compact metal tube is 0.5-2 mm.
Preferably, the distance between the inner wall of the compact metal pipe and the outer wall of the porous metal inner core is 1-10 mm.
Preferably, the thickness of the first modification layer is 20-500 μm; the thickness of the second modification layer is 20-500 mu m.
Preferably, the sintering temperature of the first step is 600-1200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.5-5 h, and the heating rate is 5-10 ℃/min; the sintering temperature of the second step is 600-1200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.5-5 h, and the heating rate is 1-5 ℃/min.
Has the advantages that:
the capillary core provided by the invention has the following advantages: (1) the efficiency is high: the porosity is high, the steam flow is fast, and the formed grooves can further improve the steam flow rate; (2) the cost is low: the outer tube and the capillary core are assembled by a sintering method, and compared with the traditional mechanical high-precision machining assembly, the requirement on equipment is low. (3) The performance is excellent: the inner-layer and outer-layer double-layer composite capillary core structure can realize the optimization of the capillary core aperture of the capillary core of the loop heat pipe and the overall performance of capillary suction force.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a capillary wick according to the present invention; the structure comprises a porous metal inner core 1, a first modification layer 2, a steam flow channel 3, a capillary layer 4, a second modification layer 5 and a compact metal tube 6;
fig. 2 is a photograph of the capillary wick prepared in example 1;
fig. 3 is a capillary wick pore size distribution plot prepared in example 1;
fig. 4 is a result of liquid absorption performance test of the capillary wick prepared in example 1.
Detailed Description
The method for preparing a metal capillary wick with a multi-layer structure according to the present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are only illustrative and not intended to limit the present invention.
Example 1
(1) Dissolving 0.5g of polyvinyl butyral ester in 90g of absolute ethyl alcohol, adding 100g of nickel powder with the particle size of 1 mu m into the solution, stirring to form suspension, and uniformly coating the suspension on the surface of the nickel powder
An outer surface of a porous stainless steel core having an average pore diameter of 10 μm and a porosity of 78%
The thickness of the first modification layer is 20 μm, and the thickness of the second modification layer is 30 μm. Putting into a drying oven for drying, and taking out. Sintering in a tubular furnace at 5 deg.c/min to 650 deg.c, maintaining for 5 hr, and cooling freely.
(2) And assembling the compact stainless steel pipe and the porous stainless steel inner core, wherein the distance between the inner wall of the compact stainless steel pipe and the outer wall of the porous stainless steel inner core is 1mm, and the interlayer is filled with 1 micron nickel powder.
(3) Placing the mixture into a tubular furnace for burning, heating the mixture to 650 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 5 hours, naturally cooling and taking out the mixture.
(4) The porosity of the capillary core was measured to be 74.2%, and fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the sintered heat pipe, from which it can be seen that there is an axial crack in the sintered porous metal layer, and the gap width is about 1 mm; FIG. 3 is a pore size distribution diagram of the capillary wick, and it can be seen from the diagram that the pore size distribution is relatively concentrated, mainly distributed within an interval of 1-2.5 μm, and the average pore size is 1.7 μm; FIG. 4 is a graph of the change of the wicking quality of the wick with time, with the initial wicking speed being faster, reaching 0.8g/s cm2The liquid absorption rate decreased with the increase of the liquid absorption amount to 0.2g/s cm2
Example 2
(1) Dissolving 2g of polyvinyl butyral ester in 100g of absolute ethyl alcohol, adding 500g of titanium powder with the particle size of 5 mu m into the solution, stirring the solution to form suspension, and uniformly coating the suspension on the surface of the titanium powder
An outer surface of a porous titanium core having an average pore diameter of 100 μm and a porosity of 35%
The thickness of the first modified layer is 480 mu m, and the thickness of the second modified layer is 450 mu m. Putting into a drying oven for drying, and taking out. Sintering in a tubular furnace at a rate of 10 ℃/min to 1000 ℃, keeping the temperature for 3h, and taking out after free cooling.
(2) Assembling the compact titanium tube and the porous titanium inner core, wherein the distance between the inner wall of the compact titanium tube and the outer wall of the porous titanium inner core is 3.5mm, and the interlayer is filled with 5 mu m titanium powder.
(3) Placing the mixture into a tubular furnace for burning, heating the mixture to 1000 ℃ at the speed of 1.5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 0.5h, naturally cooling and taking out.
(4) The porosity of the capillary core is measured to be 71.5%, the average pore diameter is 1.2 mu m, and the initial liquid suction rate is 0.83g/s cm2。
Example 3
(1) Dissolving 1g of methylcellulose in 100g of water, adding 200g of stainless steel powder with a particle size of 28 μm to the solution, and uniformly coating the suspension
An outer surface of a porous copper core having an average pore diameter of 500 μm and a porosity of 68% and
the thickness of the first modified layer is 100 μm, and the thickness of the second modified layer is 150 μm. Putting into a drying oven for drying, and taking out. Sintering in a tubular furnace, sintering at a rate of 8 ℃/min to 1100 ℃, preserving heat for 2 hours, and taking out after free cooling.
(2) And assembling the compact stainless steel pipe and the porous copper pipe inner core, wherein the distance between the inner wall of the compact stainless steel pipe and the outer wall of the porous copper pipe inner core is 2mm, and the interlayer is filled with 28 mu m stainless steel powder.
(3) Placing the mixture into a tube furnace for burning, heating the mixture to 1100 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 3 hours, naturally cooling and taking out the mixture.
(4) The porosity of the capillary core is measured to be 69.1%, the average pore diameter is 3.6 mu m, and the initial liquid suction rate is 0.72g/s cm2。
Example 4
(1) Dissolving methylcellulose 3g in water 100g, adding copper powder with particle size of 15 μm 120g, and uniformly coating the suspension
An outer surface of a porous nickel core having an average pore diameter of 100 μm and
the thickness of the first modified layer is 80 μm, and the thickness of the second modified layer is 100 μm. Putting into a drying oven for drying, and taking out. Sintering in a tubular furnace at a rate of 6 deg.C/min to 900 deg.C, maintaining for 1.5 hr, and cooling freely.
(2) Assembling the compact titanium tube and the porous nickel inner core, wherein the distance between the inner wall of the compact titanium tube and the outer wall of the porous nickel inner core is 9mm, and the interlayer is filled with copper powder with the particle size of 15 mu m.
(3) Placing the mixture into a tubular furnace for burning, heating the mixture to 900 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 2.5 hours, naturally cooling and taking out.
(4) The porosity of the capillary core is measured to be 74.8%, the average pore diameter is measured to be 2.2 mu m, and the initial liquid suction rate is measured to be 0.88g/s cm2。
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a metal capillary core with a multilayer structure comprises the following specific steps: A. mixing metal powder and an organic additive solution in proportion to prepare a suspension; B. coating the prepared suspension liquid on the outer surface of a porous metal inner core (1) to form a first modification layer (2) and the inner surface of a compact metal tube (6) to form a second modification layer (5), and placing the porous metal inner core and the compact metal tube in a high-temperature furnace for first-step sintering; C. and (3) assembling the sintered compact metal tube (6) and the porous metal inner core (1), filling metal powder into a cavity of the compact metal tube to form a capillary layer (4), performing second-step sintering in a high-temperature furnace, and obtaining the capillary core material after sintering.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein: the organic additive solution is polyvinyl butyral ester or methyl cellulose solution, wherein the mass concentration of the additive in the organic additive solution is 0.5-3%.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein: the mass ratio of the metal powder to the organic additive solution is (1-5): 1.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein: the metal powder in the step A and the metal powder in the step C are the same material; the material is nickel, copper, stainless steel or titanium, and the particle size is 1-30 μm.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein: the porous metal inner core is made of nickel, copper, stainless steel or titanium, the outer diameter is 4-20 mm, and the wall thickness is 0.5-2 mm.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein: the pore diameter of the porous metal inner core is 10-500 mu m, and the porosity is 30-80%.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein: the compact metal tube is made of stainless steel or titanium, the outer diameter of the compact metal tube is 10-30 mm, and the wall thickness of the compact metal tube is 0.5-2 mm.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein: the distance between the inner wall of the compact metal pipe and the outer wall of the porous metal inner core is 1-10 mm.
9. The method of claim 1, wherein: the thickness of the first modification layer is 20-500 mu m; the thickness of the second modification layer is 20-500 mu m.
10. The method of claim 1, wherein: the first-step sintering temperature is 600-1200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.5-5 h, and the heating rate is 5-10 ℃/min; the sintering temperature of the second step is 600-1200 ℃, the heat preservation time is 0.5-5 h, and the heating rate is 1-5 ℃/min.
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| CN113432467A (en) * | 2021-08-27 | 2021-09-24 | 南京工业大学苏州传感与纳米产业技术研究院 | Preparation method of metal ceramic composite capillary core |
| CN114558463B (en) * | 2022-04-28 | 2022-07-15 | 江苏七禾新材料科技有限公司 | Preparation method of metal-based porous ceramic composite membrane |
| CN115351280B (en) * | 2022-08-22 | 2024-01-19 | 西北有色金属研究院 | Integrated preparation method of evaporator for loop heat pipe |
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Effective date of registration: 20220209 Address after: 210009, 5 new model street, Gulou District, Jiangsu, Nanjing Applicant after: NANJING University OF TECHNOLOGY Address before: 210009, 5 new model street, Gulou District, Jiangsu, Nanjing Applicant before: NANJING University OF TECHNOLOGY Applicant before: Suzhou Institute of sensing and nano industrial technology, Nanjing University of Technology |
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