CN113288328B

CN113288328B - Osteotomy instrument

Info

Publication number: CN113288328B
Application number: CN202110615222.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王少白
Original assignee: Shanghai Zhuoxin Medical Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Zhuoxin Medical Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-06-02
Filing date: 2021-06-02
Publication date: 2023-02-10
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-02
Also published as: CN113288328A

Abstract

The invention provides an osteotomy surgical instrument which comprises an actuating mechanism and a buffering mechanism. The osteotomy surgical instrument is provided with the buffer mechanism sleeved on the actuating mechanism, and the buffer mechanism assists the actuating mechanism to strengthen the action on the target bone tissue according to the detected pressure change condition generated by the actuating mechanism acting on the target bone tissue, or generates reverse thrust in the opposite direction of the operating direction to weaken the action of the actuating mechanism on the target bone tissue, so that the risk of damaging nerves and blood vessels in the overshooting of the osteotomy operation is reduced.

Description

Osteotomy instrument

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical instruments, in particular to an osteotomy instrument.

Background

For example, chinese patent No. CN212996658U provides an intervertebral surgical tool, the head of which is provided with a reamer and a curette, the rod of which is provided with a scope tube used in conjunction with an endoscope, and the removal and decompression of the intervertebral disc are completed under the monitoring of a hole mirror.

However, since there are many nerves and blood vessels distributed around the bone tissue, these nerves and blood vessels should be prevented from being damaged during the operation. In the process of osteotomy, at the moment of cutting off bone tissues, as the thrust of the osteotome to the bone disappears suddenly, the osteotome can overshoot and continue to move along the action direction, so that nerves and blood vessels are easily injured, and unnecessary injury is caused to a patient.

Therefore, there is a need to develop a new osteotomy instrument to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art.

Disclosure of Invention

The present invention is directed to an osteotomy instrument to reduce the risk of nerve and blood vessel damage during an osteotomy procedure.

To achieve the above object, an osteotomy surgical instrument of the present invention comprises:

an actuator to act on the target bone tissue;

the buffer mechanism is partially sleeved on the actuating mechanism;

the actuator acts on the target bone tissue along an operating direction, and the buffer mechanism assists the actuator to strengthen the action on the target bone tissue according to the detected pressure change generated by the actuator acting on the target bone tissue, or generates a reverse thrust along the reverse direction of the operating direction to weaken the action of the actuator on the target bone tissue.

The osteotomy surgical instrument has the beneficial effects that: the buffer mechanism is sleeved on the actuating mechanism, and the buffer mechanism assists the actuating mechanism to strengthen the action on the target bone tissue according to the detected pressure change condition generated when the actuating mechanism acts on the target bone tissue, or generates reverse thrust in the opposite direction of the operating direction to weaken the action of the actuating mechanism on the target bone tissue, so that the risk of damaging nerves and blood vessels in the overshoot of the osteotomy operation is reduced.

Preferably, the buffer mechanism includes a sealed cavity and a driving part penetrating through the sealed cavity, the driving part divides the sealed cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity, the actuating mechanism is sleeved on the driving part, the first cavity is close to the actuating end of the actuating mechanism, and the second cavity is far away from the actuating end of the actuating mechanism.

Preferably, the buffer mechanism further comprises a force sensing part arranged on the actuator to obtain the pressure change condition generated by the actuator acting on the target bone tissue.

Preferably, the buffer mechanism further comprises a conduit part arranged in the closed cavity and respectively communicated with the first cavity and the second cavity, and the conduit part is provided with an on-off control part in communication connection with the force sensing part; when the force sensing part detects that the pressure change generated by the actuating mechanism acting on the target bone tissue is reduced to a minimum value within a first time length, the on-off control part closes the communication relation between the catheter part and the first cavity and the second cavity, so that the driving part generates reverse thrust in the reverse direction of the operation direction on the actuating mechanism to weaken the action of the actuating mechanism on the target bone tissue.

Further preferably, hydraulic media are contained in the first cavity and the second cavity, and when the on-off control portion communicates the conduit portion with a communication relationship between the first cavity and the second cavity, the hydraulic media are transferred between the first cavity and the second cavity through the conduit portion.

Preferably, the driving part comprises a separating part, and the outer side wall of the separating part is attached to the inner side wall of the closed cavity to move relative to the closed cavity and separate the closed cavity to form the first cavity and the second cavity.

Preferably, the driving part further includes a hollow shaft portion, the hollow shaft portion penetrates through and is fixedly connected to the partition portion, and penetrates through and is movably connected to the sealed cavity, and a part of the actuating mechanism is accommodated and fixed in the hollow shaft portion.

Further preferably, a sealing structure is arranged at a joint and a joint of the driving part and the sealed cavity.

Preferably, the bone-setting device further comprises an observation part for monitoring the action condition of the actuating mechanism on the target bone tissue, the observation part is fixedly connected with the driving part, and the actuating mechanism penetrates through the observation part. The beneficial effects are that: the effect of the actuating mechanism on the target bone tissue can be monitored conveniently and effectively.

Further preferably, the bone fracture treatment device further comprises an ultrasonic generating device which is in communication connection with the actuating mechanism, so that the actuating end of the actuating mechanism is in a high-frequency resonance mode and acts on the target bone tissue.

Further preferably, the observation device further comprises a movable support part movably connected with the observation part so as to adjust the orientation of the observation part.

Further preferably, the movable stand portion has a degree of freedom of movement of 7, and the orientation of the observation portion is arbitrarily adjusted.

Preferably, the movable support part comprises a rotary joint part and ball joint parts respectively arranged at two ends of the rotary joint part, and one ball joint part is movably connected with the observation part.

Further preferably, a locking part is movably connected to a joint position of the rotary joint part, and is used for adjusting a relative position between the rotary joint part and the observation part.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a screw-fixed pedicle of a vertebral arch after pedicle extension according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an osteotomy instrument according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure shown in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of the buffer driving unit shown in FIG. 2;

figure 5 is a schematic structural view of another osteotomy surgical instrument in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the present invention, but not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. As used herein, the word "comprising" and similar words are intended to mean that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of a screw-fixed pedicle after pedicle extension according to an embodiment of the invention.

After the incision 15 shown in fig. 1 is formed by using a bone knife in the bone surgery process, a first conical section 12 and a second conical section 13 are formed on the pedicle 11, and a screw 14 is used to penetrate through the first conical section 12 and is fixed on the second conical section 13 through the incision 14.

However, since many nerves and blood vessels are distributed around the pedicle 11, damage to these nerves and blood vessels should be avoided during the operation. In the process of osteotomy, at the moment of cutting off the pedicle of vertebral arch 11, the osteotome can generate overshoot and continue to move along the action direction because the thrust of the osteotome to the bone disappears suddenly, so that nerves and blood vessels are easily injured, and unnecessary injury is caused to a patient.

The embodiment of the invention provides an osteotomy surgical instrument, which is used for reducing the risk of damaging nerves and blood vessels in an overshooting process of an osteotomy operation.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an osteotomy surgical instrument in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a portion of the structure shown in fig. 2.

Referring to fig. 2 and 3, the osteotomy surgical instrument illustrated in fig. 2 includes an actuator 21 and a buffer mechanism (not shown) partially disposed around the actuator 21. The buffer structure (not shown) is composed of a force sensing portion 221 and a buffer driving portion 222, and the buffer driving portion 222 is fixed to the actuator 21 in a sleeved manner. The force sensor 221 is provided in the actuator 21.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the damping mechanism is applied to the actuator 21 according to the detected pressure change generated by the actuator 21 acting on the target bone tissue.

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, the actuator 21 acts on a target bone tissue (not shown) along an operation direction, i.e., the direction a shown in fig. 3, the force sensing portion 221 detects a pressure change condition generated by the actuator 21 acting on the target bone tissue as a pressure stabilization condition, and feeds the pressure stabilization condition back to the buffer driving portion 222, and the buffer driving portion 222 assists the actuator 21 to enhance the action on the target bone tissue (not shown), i.e., the buffer mechanism 22 drives the actuator 21 to move along the direction a to act on the target bone tissue (not shown).

Specifically, the pressure stabilization condition is that the pressure value is kept unchanged for a certain period of time or within a certain pressure control range, which indicates that the actuator 21 acts on the target bone tissue continuously and stably, and since the buffer driving portion 222 is fixed to the actuator 21 in a sleeved manner, the buffer driving portion can follow the movement of the actuator 21 to stabilize the action on the target bone tissue (not shown in the drawings).

In some embodiments of the present invention, referring to fig. 3, the actuator 21 acts on the target bone tissue (not shown) along the direction a shown in fig. 3, the force sensing portion 221 detects a pressure change condition generated by the actuator 21 acting on the target bone tissue as a pressure drop condition, and feeds the pressure drop condition back to the buffer driving portion 222, and the buffer driving portion 222 generates a reverse thrust along the direction a to weaken the action of the actuator 21 on the target bone tissue (not shown), so as to reduce the risk of damaging nerves and blood vessels during overshoot of the osteotomy operation.

Specifically, the sudden pressure drop condition is that the pressure generated by the actuator 21 acting on the target bone tissue decreases to a minimum value within a first time period, that is, the pressure acting on the target bone tissue at the moment when the actuator 21 cuts off the target bone tissue is attenuated to zero or close to zero, and this time period needs to reduce the risk of damaging nerves and blood vessels by the reverse thrust of the buffer driving part 222 to the actuator 21.

In some embodiments, the minimum value is 0 and the first duration is no more than 0.1 seconds.

Fig. 4 is a partial structural schematic view of the buffer driving part shown in fig. 2.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4, the buffer driving portion 222 includes a sealed cavity 42 and a driving portion 41 penetrating through the sealed cavity 42, the driving portion 41 divides the sealed cavity 42 into a first cavity 43 and a second cavity 44, the first cavity 43 is close to the actuating end 23 of the actuator 21, and the second cavity 44 is far away from the actuating end 23 of the actuator 21.

The buffer driving portion 222 further includes a conduit portion 33 and an on-off control portion (not shown) disposed on the conduit portion 33 and communicatively connected to the force sensing portion 221, the on-off control portion (not shown) is composed of a control portion (not shown) and a switch portion 34, and the control portion (not shown) is communicatively connected to the force sensing portion 221.

In some embodiments, the control unit (not shown) is a computer control system.

In some embodiments, the switch 34 is a solenoid valve.

In some specific embodiments, the force sensing portion 221 is a force sensor.

When the force sensing portion 221 detects that the pressure change generated by the actuator 21 acting on the target bone tissue is reduced to a minimum value within a first time period, the on-off control portion, specifically, the control portion controls the switch portion 34 to close the communication relationship between the conduit portion 33 and the first and

second cavities

43 and 44, so that the driving portion 41 generates a reverse thrust in a direction opposite to the operation direction on the actuator 21 to weaken the action of the actuator 21 on the target bone tissue.

In some embodiments, the first chamber 43 and the second chamber 44 each contain a hydraulic medium, and when the switch portion 34 communicates the conduit portion 33 with the communication relationship between the first chamber 43 and the second chamber 44, the hydraulic medium is transferred between the first chamber 43 and the second chamber 44 through the conduit portion 33.

In some specific embodiments, the hydraulic medium is hydraulic oil.

In some specific embodiments, when the force sensing portion 221 detects that the pressure variation generated by the actuator 21 acting on the target bone tissue is a pressure stabilization condition, the buffer driving portion 222 follows the actuator 21 to move along the operation direction to increase the volume in the second cavity 44 and simultaneously compress the volume in the first cavity 43, and since the volume in the first cavity 43 is compressed, the hydraulic medium therein flows into the second cavity 44 through the conduit portion 33 to further compress the volume in the first cavity 43, so as to assist the actuator 21 to further move along the operation direction to act on the target bone tissue.

In some specific embodiments, when the force sensing portion 221 detects and feeds back to the control portion that the pressure change generated by the actuator 21 acting on the target bone tissue is reduced to a minimum value within the first time period, the control portion controls the switch portion 34 to close the communication relationship between the conduit portion 33 and the first and

second cavities

43 and 44, so that the hydraulic medium between the first and

second cavities

43 and 44 cannot be transferred to each other.

Since the pressure generated by the actuator 21 acting on the target bone tissue is reduced to a minimum value in the first time period, the hydraulic medium flows into the second cavity 44 through the conduit part 33 to further compress the volume in the first cavity 43, and at the moment that the hydraulic medium between the first cavity 43 and the second cavity 44 cannot be transferred to each other, the pressure in the first cavity 43 is greater than the pressure in the second cavity 44, so that a reverse thrust in a direction opposite to the operation direction is generated on the driving part 41, and the actuator 21 is pushed to move in the direction opposite to the operation direction or the actuator 21 is stopped, so as to weaken the action of the actuator 21 on the target bone tissue.

In some embodiments, referring to fig. 4, the driving portion 41 includes a partition portion 47, and an outer side wall of the partition portion 47 is attached to an inner side wall of the sealed cavity 42 to move relative to the sealed cavity 42 and partition the sealed cavity 42 to form the first cavity 43 and the second cavity 44.

In some embodiments, the driving portion 41 further includes a hollow shaft portion to penetrate and fixedly connect with the partition portion 47 and penetrate and movably connect with the sealed cavity 42.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a sealing structure is disposed at a joint and a fitting position of the driving portion 41 and the sealed cavity 42.

Specifically, referring to fig. 4 and 5, a first sealing structure 46 is disposed at a joint of the driving portion 41 and the sealed cavity 42 to enhance a sealing effect of the sealed cavity 42. The outer side wall of the partition 47 is provided with a second sealing structure 45 to further enhance the respective sealing functions of the first cavity 43 and the second cavity 44 while fitting the sealed cavity 42.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the first seal structure 46 and the second seal structure 45 are both seal rings.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the osteotomy instrument illustrated in FIG. 2 further includes a viewing portion 24 for monitoring the effect of the actuator 21 on the target bone tissue (not shown).

Referring to fig. 3, the observation portion 24 is fixedly connected to the driving portion 41, and the actuator 21 movably penetrates through the observation portion 24.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the observation portion 24 is an arthroscope having a hollow structure.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the osteotomy instrument further comprises an ultrasound generating device communicatively coupled to the actuator such that the actuating end 23 of the actuator 21 is in a high frequency resonance mode and acts on the target bone tissue. Specifically, the ultrasonic generator and the actuator 21 together form an ultrasonic osteotome.

In some embodiments of the present invention, the osteotomy instrument further comprises a mobile bracket portion movably coupled to the viewing portion 24 for adjusting an orientation of the viewing portion.

Specifically, the degree of freedom of movement of the movable bracket portion is 7, so that the orientation of the observation portion can be arbitrarily adjusted.

Specifically, the movable support part comprises a rotary joint part and a plurality of ball joint parts.

The differences between the osteotomy instrument of figure 5 as compared to the osteotomy instrument of figure 2 include: the osteotomy surgical instrument illustrated in figure 5 further comprises: the observation device comprises a rotary joint part consisting of a first rod part 51 and a second rod part 53 which are movably connected, and a first ball joint part 54 and a second ball joint part 55 which are arranged at two ends of the rotary joint part, wherein the first ball joint part 54 is movably connected with the observation part 24 so as to adjust the orientation of the observation part 24.

In some embodiments of the present invention, a locking portion is movably connected to the joint position of the rotary joint portion for adjusting the relative position between the rotary joint portion and the observation portion 24.

Specifically, referring to fig. 5, a locking portion 52 is disposed at a joint of the first rod portion 51 and the second rod portion 53.

The operation steps of the osteotomy surgical device of the present invention are described below with reference to fig. 1, 2 and 5.

After the actuator 21 is introduced near the pedicle 11 to be interrupted, the locking portion 52 is not locked, so that the observation portion 24 and the actuator 21 can be flexibly moved to find a position where an osteotomy operation is required.

Then the position of the observation part 24 and the actuator 21 relative to the movable support (not shown) is fixed by the locking part 52, and finally the osteotomy operation is performed by the actuator 21 with the aid of the observation part 24.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail hereinabove, it is apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made to the embodiments. However, it is to be understood that such modifications and variations fall within the scope and spirit of the present invention as set forth in the following claims. Moreover, the invention as described herein is capable of other embodiments and of being practiced or of being carried out in various ways.

Claims

1. An osteotomy surgical instrument, comprising:

an actuator to act on the target bone tissue;

the buffer mechanism is partially sleeved on the actuating mechanism;

the actuator acts on the target bone tissue along an operating direction, and the buffer mechanism assists the actuator to strengthen the action on the target bone tissue according to the detected pressure change generated by the actuator acting on the target bone tissue or generates a reverse thrust along the direction opposite to the operating direction so as to weaken the action of the actuator on the target bone tissue;

the buffer mechanism comprises a closed cavity and a driving part penetrating through the closed cavity, the driving part divides the closed cavity into a first cavity and a second cavity, the actuating mechanism is sleeved on the driving part, the first cavity is close to an actuating end of the actuating mechanism, and the second cavity is far away from the actuating end of the actuating mechanism;

the buffer mechanism further comprises a force sensing part arranged on the actuating mechanism so as to acquire the pressure change condition generated by the actuating mechanism acting on the target bone tissue;

the buffer mechanism further comprises a conduit part which is arranged in the closed cavity and is respectively communicated with the first cavity and the second cavity, and the conduit part is provided with an on-off control part which is in communication connection with the force sensing part.

2. The osteotomy surgical instrument of claim 1,

when the force sensing part detects that the pressure change generated by the actuating mechanism acting on the target bone tissue is that the pressure generated by the actuating mechanism acting on the target bone tissue is reduced to a minimum value within a first time length, the on-off control part closes the communication relation between the conduit part and the first cavity and the second cavity, so that the driving part generates reverse thrust in the opposite direction of the operating direction on the actuating mechanism to weaken the action of the actuating mechanism on the target bone tissue.

3. The osteotomy surgical instrument of claim 2, wherein a hydraulic medium is contained within each of said first and second cavities, said hydraulic medium being displaced between said first and second cavities by said conduit portion when said on-off control portion communicates a communicating relationship between said conduit portion and said first and second cavities.

4. The osteotomy surgical instrument of claim 1, wherein said driving portion includes a partition having an outer sidewall engaging an inner sidewall of said sealed cavity for movement relative thereto and partitioning said sealed cavity into said first and second cavities.

5. The osteotomy surgical instrument of claim 4 wherein said driver portion further includes a hollow shaft portion extending through and fixedly coupled to said partition portion and extending through and movably coupled to said closed cavity, a portion of said actuator being received and fixed within said hollow shaft portion.

6. The osteotomy surgical instrument of claim 1, wherein a seal is disposed at a junction and abutment of said drive portion and said closed cavity.

7. The osteotomy surgical instrument of claim 1, further comprising a viewing portion to monitor an effect of said actuator on said target bone tissue, said viewing portion fixedly coupled to said drive portion, said actuator extending through said viewing portion.

8. The osteotomy surgical instrument of claim 7, further comprising an ultrasound generating device communicatively coupled to said actuator such that an actuating end of said actuator is disposed in a high frequency resonance mode to affect said target bone tissue.

9. The osteotomy surgical instrument of claim 7, further comprising a mobile bracket portion movably coupled to said viewing portion for adjusting an orientation of said viewing portion.

10. The osteotomy surgical instrument of claim 9, wherein said mobile bracket portion has a degree of freedom of movement of 7 to arbitrarily adjust an orientation of said viewing portion.

11. The osteotomy surgical instrument of claim 10, wherein said mobile bracket portion includes a revolute joint portion and ball joint portions disposed at opposite ends of said revolute joint portion, one ball joint portion being movably connected to said viewing portion.

12. The osteotomy surgical instrument of claim 11, wherein a locking portion is movably coupled to a joint location of said rotary joint portion for adjusting a relative position between said rotary joint portion and said viewing portion.