CN113285600B - Voltage self-adaptation circuit and PLC controller - Google Patents

Voltage self-adaptation circuit and PLC controller Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113285600B
CN113285600B CN202110841450.3A CN202110841450A CN113285600B CN 113285600 B CN113285600 B CN 113285600B CN 202110841450 A CN202110841450 A CN 202110841450A CN 113285600 B CN113285600 B CN 113285600B
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voltage
circuit
output
input
power interface
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CN113285600A (en
Inventor
何峥
周家民
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Yizhimi Co ltd
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Guangdong Yizumi Precision Machinery Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02M—APPARATUS FOR CONVERSION BETWEEN AC AND AC, BETWEEN AC AND DC, OR BETWEEN DC AND DC, AND FOR USE WITH MAINS OR SIMILAR POWER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; CONVERSION OF DC OR AC INPUT POWER INTO SURGE OUTPUT POWER; CONTROL OR REGULATION THEREOF
    • H02M3/00—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output
    • H02M3/02—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac
    • H02M3/04—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters
    • H02M3/10—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode
    • H02M3/145—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal
    • H02M3/155—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only
    • H02M3/156—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators
    • H02M3/158—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load
    • H02M3/1584—Conversion of dc power input into dc power output without intermediate conversion into ac by static converters using discharge tubes with control electrode or semiconductor devices with control electrode using devices of a triode or transistor type requiring continuous application of a control signal using semiconductor devices only with automatic control of output voltage or current, e.g. switching regulators including plural semiconductor devices as final control devices for a single load with a plurality of power processing stages connected in parallel
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05F—SYSTEMS FOR REGULATING ELECTRIC OR MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G05F1/00—Automatic systems in which deviations of an electric quantity from one or more predetermined values are detected at the output of the system and fed back to a device within the system to restore the detected quantity to its predetermined value or values, i.e. retroactive systems
    • G05F1/10—Regulating voltage or current
    • G05F1/46—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc
    • G05F1/56—Regulating voltage or current wherein the variable actually regulated by the final control device is dc using semiconductor devices in series with the load as final control devices
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/1213—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for DC-DC converters
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/125—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for rectifiers
    • H02H7/1252—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for rectifiers responsive to overvoltage in input or output, e.g. by load dump
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02H—EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/10—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers
    • H02H7/12—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers
    • H02H7/125—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for rectifiers
    • H02H7/1257—Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for converters; for rectifiers for static converters or rectifiers for rectifiers responsive to short circuit or wrong polarity in output circuit

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • Direct Current Feeding And Distribution (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a voltage self-adaptive circuit and a PLC (programmable logic controller). The voltage adaptive circuit comprises a voltage comparison module and a voltage adjustment module. The voltage comparison module is used for detecting the input voltage of the power interface and outputting a voltage adjustment signal of a corresponding gear. The voltage adjusting module is used for adjusting corresponding gears of the input voltage of the power interface according to the voltage adjusting signal so as to convert the voltage input by the interface into a preset working voltage, and the preset working voltage is equal to the working voltage of the PLC. The input voltage of the power interface of the PLC is automatically adjusted through the voltage self-adaptive circuit, so that the stability of the input voltage is ensured, the PLC can be connected to a wider range of power supply voltage, and meanwhile, the PLC is protected.

Description

Voltage self-adaptation circuit and PLC controller
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of power electronics, in particular to a voltage self-adaptive circuit and a PLC (programmable logic controller).
Background
A PLC (programmable logic controller) is a core device of industrial control, and its stable operation is very important for normal production. In an industrial field, due to the complex working environment and conditions of the PLC controller, the voltage of the input/output interface of the PLC controller is unstable under the conditions of a wrong line connection, a grounded or short circuit of a signal line, a lightning stroke of electrical equipment, and the like.
The normal work of the PLC needs reliable and stable voltage, and the normal work of the PLC is influenced by the overlarge or the undersize of the voltage of an input/output (I/O) port, so that the PLC is mistakenly issued, the signal is unstable, and even the PLC is damaged. Moreover, because the PLC controller has a fixed operating voltage, it needs to connect devices with the same operating voltage, and the PLC controllers with different operating voltages need to be configured with different devices for use, which limits the application range of the PLC controller and increases the cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to overcome the defects in the prior art and provide a voltage self-adaptive circuit and a PLC (programmable logic controller), which can automatically adjust the voltage output from a power interface of the PLC to the PLC.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a voltage adaptive circuit for adaptively adjusting an input voltage of a PLC controller, including:
the input end of the voltage comparison module is used for being connected with a power interface of the PLC, and the voltage comparison module is used for detecting the input voltage of the power interface, comparing the input voltage with a reference voltage and outputting a voltage adjustment signal of a corresponding gear;
the controlled end of the voltage adjusting module is connected with the output end of the voltage comparing module, the input end of the voltage adjusting module is used for being connected with the power interface, the output end of the voltage adjusting module is used for being connected with a rear-stage circuit, the voltage adjusting module is used for adjusting corresponding gears of the input voltage of the power interface according to the voltage adjusting signal, so that the voltage input by the power interface is converted into preset working voltage, and the preset working voltage is equal to the working voltage of the PLC.
In one embodiment, the voltage adjustment module includes:
the controlled end of the switch circuit is connected with the output end of the voltage comparison module, and the switch circuit is used for controlling the corresponding output end to be switched on or switched off according to the voltage adjustment signal;
the controlled end of the voltage regulating circuit is connected with the output end of the switch circuit, the input end of the voltage regulating circuit is connected with the power interface, the output end of the voltage regulating circuit is connected with the rear-stage circuit, and the voltage regulating circuit is used for adjusting the input voltage of the power interface.
In one embodiment, the voltage regulating circuit comprises a resistor and a capacitor;
resistance and electric capacity parallel connection, the first end of resistance and electric capacity does voltage regulating circuit's input, with power source interface connects, the second end of resistance and electric capacity does voltage regulating circuit's output, with back stage circuit connection, resistance and electric capacity still with switch circuit is parallelly connected.
In an embodiment, the number of the voltage regulating circuits is N, N is greater than or equal to 1, when N is greater than 1, the voltage regulating circuits are connected in series, and the voltage regulating circuits are connected in series between a power interface of the PLC controller and a subsequent circuit.
In one embodiment, the voltage comparison module includes:
the reference voltage generating circuit is used for generating a reference voltage according to a power supply signal output by the power supply device;
and the first input end of the comparison circuit is connected with the output end of the reference voltage generating circuit, the second input end of the comparison circuit is connected with the power interface, the output end of the comparison circuit is connected with the controlled end of the voltage adjusting module, and the comparison circuit is used for comparing the input voltage value of the power interface with the reference voltage value and outputting a voltage adjusting signal of a corresponding gear.
In one embodiment, the comparison circuit includes:
the output ends of the N comparators are correspondingly connected with the N controlled ends of the voltage adjusting module;
the input end of the first voltage division circuit is connected with the output end of the reference voltage generation circuit, the first voltage division circuit is also provided with N reference voltage output ends, the N reference voltage output ends of the first voltage division circuit are correspondingly connected with the non-inverting input ends of the N comparators one by one, the output voltages of the first reference voltage output end to the Nth reference voltage output end are sequentially reduced, and the first voltage division circuit is used for carrying out multi-level voltage division on the output voltage of the reference voltage generation circuit so as to correspondingly output the output voltage to the N reference voltage output ends;
the input end of the second voltage division circuit is connected with the power interface, the second voltage division circuit is further provided with N voltage output ends, the N voltage output ends of the second voltage division circuit are connected with the inverted input ends of the N comparators in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the output voltages of the first voltage output end to the Nth voltage output end are reduced in sequence, and the second voltage division circuit is used for carrying out multi-gear voltage division on the input voltage of the power interface so as to correspondingly output the input voltage to the N voltage output ends.
In one embodiment, the first voltage dividing circuit comprises N voltage dividing diodes;
when N is larger than 1, the voltage division diodes are connected in series, the input end of the first voltage division diode is connected with the output end of the reference voltage generation circuit, and the cathodes of the N voltage division diodes form N reference voltage output ends;
the second voltage division circuit comprises N voltage division resistors;
when N is greater than 1, a plurality of divider resistors are connected in series, the input end of the first divider resistor is connected with the power interface, and the output ends of the N divider resistors form N voltage output ends.
In one embodiment, the voltage adaptation circuit further comprises:
the input end of the first rectifier is connected with the power interface, the first output end of the first rectifier is connected with the input end of the voltage comparison module, and the second output end of the first rectifier is grounded and used for rectifying the alternating-current voltage input by the power interface into direct-current voltage for comparison by the comparison circuit.
In one embodiment, the PLC controller includes a post-stage circuit and the voltage adaptive circuit;
the input end of the voltage self-adaptive circuit is connected with a power interface of the PLC, and the output end of the voltage self-adaptive circuit is connected with the input end of the post-stage circuit.
In one embodiment, the PLC controller further comprises an input protection module and an output protection module;
the input end of the input protection module is connected with the output end of the voltage self-adaptive circuit, the output end of the input protection module is connected with the input end of the rear-stage circuit, the input end of the output protection circuit is connected with the output end of the rear-stage circuit, and the output end of the output protection circuit is connected with the rear-stage device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the voltage self-adaptive circuit automatically adjusts the voltage output from the power interface of the PLC to the PLC, so that the input voltage is stable, the adaptive input voltage range of the PLC is larger, the problem that the application range of the PLC is limited by the working voltage is solved, and the PLC is protected.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the structures shown in the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a voltage adaptive circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage adjustment module according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a voltage comparison module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a voltage adaptive circuit according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a PLC according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of an input protection module according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of an output protection module according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The implementation, functional features and advantages of the objects of the present invention will be further explained with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that all the directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, and rear … …) in the embodiment of the present invention are only used to explain the relative position relationship between the components, the movement situation, etc. in a specific posture (as shown in the drawing), and if the specific posture is changed, the directional indicator is changed accordingly.
In addition, the descriptions related to "first", "second", etc. in the present invention are for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In addition, technical solutions between various embodiments may be combined with each other, but must be realized by a person skilled in the art, and when the technical solutions are contradictory or cannot be realized, such a combination should not be considered to exist, and is not within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a voltage self-adaptive circuit which is used for self-adaptively adjusting the input voltage of a PLC (programmable logic controller).
Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment, a voltage adaptive circuit according to the present invention includes a voltage comparing module 10 and a voltage adjusting module 20.
The input end of the voltage comparison module 10 is used for being connected with a power interface of the PLC controller, and the voltage comparison module 10 is used for detecting an input voltage of the power interface, comparing the input voltage with a reference voltage, and outputting a voltage adjustment signal of a corresponding gear.
The controlled end of the voltage adjusting module 20 is connected to the output end of the voltage comparing module 10, the input end of the voltage adjusting module 20 is connected to the power interface, the output end of the voltage adjusting module 20 is connected to the post-stage circuit, and the voltage adjusting module 20 is configured to adjust the input voltage of the power interface according to the voltage adjusting signal to convert the voltage input by the interface into a preset working voltage, where the preset working voltage is equal to the working voltage of the PLC controller.
According to the invention, the voltage comparison module 10 is used for detecting the input voltage value of the power interface of the PLC, outputting a voltage adjustment signal, and the voltage adjustment module 20 is used for adaptively adjusting the input voltage of the PLC, so that the input voltage of the PLC is within the working voltage range of the PLC, and the input voltage of the PLC is ensured to be stable.
According to the invention, the voltage output to the PLC by the PLC power interface is automatically adjusted through the voltage self-adaptive circuit, the PLC does not need to be frequently replaced, and the connection between the PLC and the PLC power interface is greatly facilitated. Meanwhile, the PLC is protected, and the PLC is prevented from being damaged or affecting normal work of the PLC due to wrong wiring or abnormal voltage.
Referring to fig. 2, in one embodiment, the voltage regulation module 20 includes a voltage regulation circuit 21 and a switching circuit 22.
The controlled end of the switch circuit 22 is connected to the output end of the voltage comparison module, and the switch circuit 22 is used for controlling the output end to be switched on or switched off according to the voltage adjustment signal.
The controlled end of the voltage regulating circuit 21 is connected with the output end of the switch circuit 22, the input end of the voltage regulating circuit 21 is used for being connected with the power interface, the output end of the voltage regulating circuit 21 is connected with the post-stage circuit, and the voltage regulating circuit 21 is used for regulating the input voltage of the power interface.
The voltage regulating circuit 21 is used for regulating the input voltage of the power interface of the PLC controller. The switch circuit 22 is used for controlling the corresponding output end to be opened/closed according to the voltage adjusting signal so as to control the voltage adjusting circuit 21 to adjust the voltage.
When the output terminal of the switching circuit 22 is turned off, the voltage regulating circuit 21 performs a step-down operation; when the output terminal of the switching circuit 22 is closed, the voltage regulating circuit 21 is short-circuited.
The switch circuit 22 may be an analog switch, a digital switch, or a switch chip.
In one embodiment, the voltage regulator circuit 21 includes a resistor and a capacitor. The resistor and the capacitor are connected in parallel, the first ends of the resistor and the capacitor are input ends of the voltage regulating circuit and are connected with the power interface, the second ends of the resistor and the capacitor are output ends of the voltage regulating circuit and are connected with the rear-stage circuit, and the resistor and the capacitor are also connected with two pins of the output end of the switch circuit in parallel.
The invention adjusts the input voltage value by dividing the input voltage through the resistor, has simple structure, and can realize more accurate voltage adjustment by selecting the resistor with proper resistance value. The input voltage is filtered through the capacitor, and the influence of pulse spike on a rear-stage circuit is prevented when the voltage suddenly changes.
In one embodiment, the number of the voltage regulating circuits is N, N is greater than or equal to 1, when N is greater than 1, the voltage regulating circuits are connected in series, and the voltage regulating circuits are connected in series between a power interface of the PLC controller and the subsequent circuit.
The invention carries out multi-gear regulation on the input voltage through the plurality of voltage regulating circuits, has higher voltage regulation precision and wider applicable input voltage range.
Referring to fig. 4, in an embodiment, the voltage adjusting module 20 includes a first voltage regulating circuit 21a, a second voltage regulating circuit 21b, a third voltage regulating circuit 21c and a fourth voltage regulating circuit 21 d. The first voltage regulating circuit 21a, the second voltage regulating circuit 21b, the third voltage regulating circuit 21c and the fourth voltage regulating circuit 21d are connected in series, the input end of the first voltage regulating circuit 21a is connected with the first end of the power interface, the output end of the fourth voltage regulating circuit 21d is connected with the rear stage circuit, and the controlled ends of the first to fourth voltage regulating circuits are correspondingly connected with the four output ends of the switch circuit 22.
The first voltage regulating circuit 21a comprises a sixth resistor R6 and a first capacitor C1, the sixth resistor R6 is connected in parallel with the first capacitor C1, first ends of the sixth resistor R6 and the first capacitor C1 are input ends of the first voltage regulating circuit 21a and are connected with a first end of a power interface, and second ends of the sixth resistor R6 and the first capacitor C1 are output ends of the first voltage regulating circuit 21a and are connected with an input end of a second voltage regulating circuit 21 b. The first voltage regulating circuit 21a is further connected in parallel with the pins 1 and 2 of the first output terminal of the switch circuit 22, and the first voltage regulating circuit 21a performs voltage regulation according to the state of the pins 1 and 2 of the first output terminal of the switch circuit 22.
When the pins 1 and 2 of the first output end of the switch circuit 22 are disconnected, the sixth resistor R6 is connected in series to divide voltage, so as to realize voltage reduction; when the pins 1 and 2 of the first output terminal of the switch circuit 22 are closed, the first voltage regulating circuit 21a is short-circuited.
The second voltage regulating circuit 21b comprises a seventh resistor R7 and a second capacitor C2, the seventh resistor R7 is connected in parallel with the second capacitor C2, the first ends of the seventh resistor R7 and the second capacitor C2 are input ends of the second voltage regulating circuit 21b and are connected with the output end of the first voltage regulating circuit 21a, and the second ends of the seventh resistor R7 and the second capacitor C2 are output ends of the second voltage regulating circuit 21b and are connected with the input end of the third voltage regulating circuit 21C. The second voltage regulating circuit 21b is also connected in parallel with the second output terminal 3, 4 of the switch circuit 22, and the second voltage regulating circuit 21b performs voltage regulation according to the state of the second output terminal 3, 4 of the switch circuit 22.
When the pins 3 and 4 of the second output end of the switch circuit 22 are disconnected, the seventh resistor R7 is connected in series to divide voltage, so that voltage reduction is realized; when the pins 3 and 4 of the second output terminal of the switching circuit 22 are closed, the second voltage regulating circuit 21b is short-circuited.
The third voltage regulating circuit 21C comprises an eighth resistor R8 and a third capacitor C3, the eighth resistor R8 is connected in parallel with the third capacitor C3, first ends of the eighth resistor R8 and the third capacitor C3 are input ends of the third voltage regulating circuit 21C and are connected with output ends of the second voltage regulating circuit 21b, and second ends of the eighth resistor R8 and the third capacitor C3 are output ends of the third voltage regulating circuit 21C and are connected with input ends of the fourth voltage regulating circuit 21 d. The third voltage regulating circuit 21c is also connected in parallel with the third output terminals 5 and 6 of the switch circuit 22, and the third voltage regulating circuit 21c performs voltage regulation according to the states of the third output terminals 5 and 6 of the switch circuit 22.
When the pins 5 and 6 of the third output end of the switch circuit 22 are disconnected, the eighth resistor R8 is connected in series to divide voltage, so as to realize voltage reduction; when the pins 5 and 6 of the third output terminal of the switch circuit 22 are closed, the third voltage regulating circuit 21c is short-circuited.
The fourth voltage regulating circuit 21d comprises a ninth resistor R9 and a fourth capacitor C4, the ninth resistor R9 is connected in parallel with the fourth capacitor C4, first ends of the ninth resistor R9 and the fourth capacitor C4 are input ends of the fourth voltage regulating circuit 21d and are connected with an output end of the third voltage regulating circuit 21C, and second ends of the ninth resistor R9 and the fourth capacitor C4 are output ends of the fourth voltage regulating circuit 21d and are connected with a rear-stage circuit. The fourth voltage regulating circuit 21d is also connected in parallel with the fourth output terminal 7, 8 of the switch circuit 22, and the fourth voltage regulating circuit 21d performs voltage regulation according to the state of the fourth output terminal 7, 8 of the switch circuit 22.
When the pins 7 and 8 of the fourth output end of the switch circuit 22 are disconnected, the ninth resistor R9 is connected in series to divide voltage, so as to realize voltage reduction; when the pins 7 and 8 of the fourth output terminal of the switching circuit 22 are closed, the fourth voltage regulating circuit 21d is short-circuited.
The four-gear voltage regulation can be realized through the four voltage regulation circuits, the four resistors are controlled to be connected into the circuits or be short-circuited to realize the voltage reduction of the input voltage through the switch circuit 22, the voltage regulation is more accurate, the adjustable voltage range is larger, and the PLC can be connected into the power supply voltage in a larger range.
Referring to fig. 3, in one embodiment, the voltage comparison module 10 includes a reference voltage generation circuit 11 and a comparison circuit 12.
The input end of the reference voltage generating circuit 11 is used for connecting with the power supply device, the output end of the reference voltage generating circuit 11 is connected with the first input end of the comparing circuit 12, and the reference voltage generating circuit 11 is used for generating a reference voltage according to the power supply signal output by the power supply device.
A first input end of the comparison circuit 12 is connected with an output end of the reference voltage generation circuit 11, a second input end of the comparison circuit 12 is connected with the power interface, an output end of the comparison circuit 12 is connected with a controlled end of the voltage adjustment module, and the comparison circuit 12 is used for comparing an input voltage value of the power interface with a reference voltage value and outputting a voltage adjustment signal of a corresponding gear.
If the input voltage value of the power interface reaches the reference voltage value, the comparison circuit 12 outputs a low voltage signal; if the input voltage value of the power interface is smaller than the reference voltage value, the comparison circuit 12 outputs a high voltage signal.
The invention automatically compares the input voltage value of the power interface with the reference voltage value through the comparison circuit 12, outputs the voltage adjustment signal of the corresponding gear, and controls the voltage adjustment module 20 to perform self-adaptive voltage adjustment.
In the above embodiments, the comparison circuit 12 may be a comparator or a comparison chip.
Referring to fig. 4, in an embodiment, the reference voltage generating circuit 11 includes a first resistor R1 and a first diode D1. The input end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the power supply device, the output end of the first resistor R1 is connected with the output end of the first diode D1, and the input end of the first diode D1 is grounded.
In the above embodiment, the first diode D1 is a zener diode, and the reference voltage generating circuit 11 generates a reference voltage through the zener diode and outputs the reference voltage to the comparing circuit 12, so that the comparing circuit 12 can compare the input voltage value of the power interface with the reference voltage value.
In one embodiment, the comparison circuit 12 includes N comparators, a first voltage divider circuit, and a second voltage divider circuit.
The output terminals of the N comparators are correspondingly connected to the input terminal of the voltage adjusting module 20.
The input end of the first voltage division circuit is connected with the output end of the reference voltage generation circuit, the first voltage division circuit is also provided with N reference voltage output ends, the N reference voltage output ends of the first voltage division circuit are connected with the non-inverting input ends of the N comparators in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the output voltages of the first reference voltage output end to the Nth reference voltage output end are sequentially reduced, and the first voltage division circuit is used for carrying out multi-level voltage division on the output voltage of the reference voltage generation circuit so as to correspondingly output the output voltage to the N reference voltage output ends.
The input end of the second voltage division circuit is connected with the power interface, the second voltage division circuit is also provided with N voltage output ends, the N voltage output ends of the second voltage division circuit are connected with the inverting input ends of the N comparators in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the output voltages of the first voltage output end to the Nth voltage output end are reduced in sequence, and the second voltage division circuit is used for carrying out multi-gear voltage division on the input voltage of the power interface so as to correspondingly output the input voltage to the N voltage output ends.
According to the invention, the output voltage of the reference voltage output circuit and the input voltage of the power interface are divided by the first voltage dividing circuit and the second voltage dividing circuit respectively, the inverting input end of the comparator can detect the input voltage in a wider range, and then the voltage self-adaptive circuit has a wider adjustable voltage range, and the PLC has a wider applicable voltage range.
In one embodiment, the first voltage dividing circuit includes N voltage dividing diodes. When N is larger than 1, a plurality of voltage division diodes are connected in series, the input end of the first voltage division diode is connected with the output end of the reference voltage generating circuit, and the cathodes of the N voltage division diodes form N reference voltage output ends.
The second voltage division circuit comprises N voltage division resistors. When N is greater than 1, a plurality of divider resistors are connected in series, the input end of the first divider resistor is connected with the power interface, and the output ends of the N divider resistors form N voltage output ends.
Referring to fig. 4, in an embodiment, the comparison circuit 12 includes a first comparator Q1, a second comparator Q2, a third comparator Q3, a fourth comparator Q4, a first voltage division circuit 12a, and a second voltage division circuit 12 b.
The first voltage-dividing circuit 12a includes a first voltage-dividing diode D2, a second voltage-dividing diode D3, a third voltage-dividing diode D4, and a fourth voltage-dividing diode D5, which are connected in series between the first voltage-dividing diode D2, the second voltage-dividing diode D3, the third voltage-dividing diode D4, and the fourth voltage-dividing diode D5.
The input end of the first voltage-dividing diode D2 is an anode and is connected to the output end of the reference voltage generating circuit 11, and the output end of the first voltage-dividing diode D2 is a cathode, and forms a first reference voltage output end and is connected to the non-inverting input end of the first comparator Q1; the input end of the second voltage-dividing diode D3 is an anode and is connected with the output end of the first voltage-dividing diode D2, and the output end of the second voltage-dividing diode D3 is a cathode, and forms a second reference voltage output end and is connected with the non-inverting input end of the second comparator Q2; the input end of the third voltage division diode D4 is an anode and is connected with the output end of the second voltage division diode D3, and the output end of the third voltage division diode D4 is a cathode, which forms a third reference voltage output end and is connected with the non-inverting input end of the third comparator Q3; the input terminal of the fourth voltage dividing diode D5 is an anode and is connected to the output terminal of the third voltage dividing diode D4, and the output terminal of the fourth voltage dividing diode D5 is a cathode, and forms a fourth reference voltage output terminal, and is connected to the non-inverting input terminal of the fourth comparator Q4.
The second voltage dividing circuit 12b includes a first voltage dividing resistor R2, a second voltage dividing resistor R3, a third voltage dividing resistor R4 and a fourth voltage dividing resistor R5, and the first voltage dividing resistor R2, the second voltage dividing resistor R3, the third voltage dividing resistor R4 and the fourth voltage dividing resistor R5 are connected in series. The input end of the first voltage-dividing resistor R2 is connected to the second end of the power interface, and the output end of the first voltage-dividing resistor R2 is a first voltage output end and is connected to the inverting input end of the first comparator Q1; the input end of the second voltage-dividing resistor R3 is connected to the output end of the first voltage-dividing resistor R2, and the output end of the second voltage-dividing resistor R3 is a second voltage output end and is connected to the inverting input end of the second comparator Q2; the input end of the third voltage-dividing resistor R4 is connected to the output end of the second voltage-dividing resistor R3, and the output end of the third voltage-dividing resistor R4 is a third voltage output end and is connected to the inverting input end of the third comparator Q3; the input end of the fourth voltage-dividing resistor R5 is connected to the output end of the third voltage-dividing resistor R4, the output end of the fourth voltage-dividing resistor R5 is a fourth voltage output end, and is connected to the inverting input end of the fourth comparator Q4, and the output end of the fourth voltage-dividing resistor R5 is also grounded.
The output ends of the first to fourth comparators are respectively connected to the plurality of input ends of the voltage adjusting module 20, the power supply ends of the first to fourth comparators are respectively connected to the power supply device, and the ground ends of the first to fourth comparators are respectively grounded.
The voltage value of the first reference voltage output end is a first reference voltage value, the voltage value of the first voltage output end is a first output voltage value, the first comparator Q1 compares the first reference voltage value with the first output voltage value, and if the first output voltage value reaches the first reference voltage value, the first comparator Q1 outputs a low voltage signal; if the first output voltage value is smaller than the first reference voltage value, the first comparator Q1 outputs a high voltage signal.
The voltage value of the second reference voltage output end is a second reference voltage value, the voltage value of the second voltage output end is a second output voltage value, the second comparator Q2 compares the second reference voltage value with the second output voltage value, and if the second output voltage value reaches the second reference voltage value, the second comparator Q2 outputs a low voltage signal; if the second output voltage value is smaller than the second reference voltage value, the second comparator Q2 outputs a high voltage signal.
The voltage value of the third reference voltage output end is a third reference voltage value, the voltage value of the third voltage output end is a third output voltage value, the third comparator Q3 compares the third reference voltage value with the third output voltage value, and if the third output voltage value reaches the third reference voltage value, the third comparator Q3 outputs a low voltage signal; if the third output voltage value is less than the third reference voltage value, the third comparator Q3 outputs a high voltage signal.
The voltage value of the fourth reference voltage output end is a fourth reference voltage value, the voltage value of the fourth voltage output end is a fourth output voltage value, the fourth comparator Q4 compares the fourth reference voltage value with the fourth output voltage value, and if the fourth output voltage value reaches the fourth reference voltage value, the fourth comparator Q4 outputs a low voltage signal; if the fourth output voltage value is less than the fourth reference voltage value, the fourth comparator Q4 outputs a high voltage signal.
It can be understood that the first, second, third and fourth reference voltage values are sequentially decreased and constant due to the voltage dividing function of the first, second, third and fourth voltage dividing diodes D2, D3, D4 and D5. And the voltage division function of the first voltage dividing resistor R2, the second voltage dividing resistor R3, the third voltage dividing resistor R4 and the fourth voltage dividing resistor R5, the first output voltage value, the second output voltage value, the third output voltage value and the fourth output voltage value are also reduced in sequence and are changed along with the input voltage of the power interface.
The embodiment can realize voltage adjustment of four gears.
If the input voltage of the power interface is within a first voltage range (e.g., 3V to 5V), the first output voltage value is smaller than the first reference voltage value, the second output voltage value is smaller than the second reference voltage value, the third output voltage value is smaller than the third reference voltage value, the fourth output voltage value is smaller than the fourth reference voltage value, the first comparator to the fourth comparator all output high voltage signals, the first output end to the fourth output end of the switch circuit 22 are all closed, the first voltage regulating circuit to the fourth voltage regulating circuit are all short-circuited, and no voltage regulation is performed.
If the input voltage of the power interface is in a second voltage range (e.g., 5V-12V), the first output voltage value is greater than the first reference voltage value, the second output voltage value is less than the second reference voltage value, the third output voltage value is less than the third reference voltage value, the fourth output voltage value is less than the fourth reference voltage value, the first comparator Q1 outputs a low voltage signal, the second comparator Q1 outputs a high voltage signal, the first output terminal of the switch circuit 22 is open, the second output terminal and the fourth output terminal are closed, the first voltage regulating circuit 21a reduces the voltage, the second voltage regulating circuit and the fourth voltage regulating circuit are all short-circuited, and the first-gear voltage regulation is realized.
If the output voltage of the input voltage of the power interface is within a third voltage range (for example, 12V-24V), the first output voltage value is greater than the first reference voltage value, the second output voltage value is greater than the second reference voltage value, the third output voltage value is less than the third reference voltage value, the fourth output voltage value is less than the fourth reference voltage value, the first comparator Q1 and the second comparator Q2 output low voltage signals, the third comparator Q3 and the fourth comparator Q4 output high voltage signals, the first output end and the second output end of the switch circuit 22 are disconnected, the third output end and the fourth output end are closed, the first voltage regulating circuit 21a and the second voltage regulating circuit 21b step down, and the third voltage regulating circuit 21c and the fourth voltage regulating circuit 21d are short-circuited, thereby realizing the second-stage voltage regulation.
If the input voltage of the power interface is within a fourth voltage range (e.g., 24V-36V), the first output voltage value is greater than the first reference voltage value, the second output voltage value is greater than the second reference voltage value, the third output voltage value is greater than the third reference voltage value, the fourth output voltage value is less than the fourth reference voltage value, the first to third comparators output low-voltage signals, the fourth comparator Q4 outputs high-voltage signals, the first to third output terminals of the switch circuit 22 are disconnected, the fourth output terminal is closed, the first to third voltage-regulating circuits step down, the fourth voltage-regulating circuit 21d is short-circuited, and the third-gear voltage regulation is realized.
If the input voltage of the power interface is within a fifth voltage range (for example, 36V-48V), the first output voltage value is greater than the first reference voltage value, the second output voltage value is greater than the second reference voltage value, the third output voltage value is greater than the third reference voltage value, the fourth output voltage value is greater than the fourth reference voltage value, the first comparator, the second comparator, the third comparator, the fourth comparator, the switching circuit 22 and the fourth comparator output low voltage signals, the first output end, the second output end, the third output end, the fourth voltage regulating circuit and the fourth voltage regulating circuit are all disconnected, and fourth gear voltage regulation is achieved.
The four comparators are used for detecting and comparing the input voltage of the power interface, so that the four-gear voltage comparison can be realized, and the voltage adjusting signals of the corresponding gears can be output. The first voltage division circuit 12a and the second voltage division circuit 12b divide the reference voltage and the input voltage of the power interface respectively, so that more accurate and wider-range voltage comparison is realized.
Referring to fig. 4, in an embodiment, the voltage adaptation circuit further comprises a first rectifier 13. The input end of the first rectifier 13 is connected to the first end and the second end of the power interface, the first output end of the first rectifier 13 is connected to the input end of the voltage comparison module 10, the second output end of the first rectifier 13 is grounded, and the first rectifier 13 is configured to rectify the ac voltage input by the power interface into a dc voltage for comparison by the comparison circuit 12.
According to the invention, the voltage-voltage comparison module 10 is used for detecting the input voltage of the power interface, and outputting a corresponding voltage adjustment signal according to the voltage value to control the voltage adjustment module 20 to automatically adjust the voltage to the working voltage range of the PLC controller, so that the input voltage of the PLC controller is ensured to be stable, the PLC controller can be connected with any voltage without considering the working voltage of the PLC controller, the problem of limitation of the applicable voltage range of the PLC controller is solved, and meanwhile, the PLC controller is protected from being influenced by abnormal voltage to cause unstable work or even damage.
Referring to fig. 5, the present invention further provides a PLC controller including a post-stage circuit 300 and the voltage adaptive circuit 100.
The input end of the voltage self-adapting circuit 100 is connected with a power interface of the PLC controller, and the output end of the voltage self-adapting circuit 100 is connected with the input end of the post-stage circuit 300.
In an embodiment, the PLC controller further includes an input protection module 200 and an output protection module 400.
The input end of the input protection module 200 is connected to the output end of the voltage adaptive circuit 100, and the output end of the input protection module 200 is connected to the input end of the post-stage circuit 300. The input terminal of the output protection circuit is connected to the output terminal of the post-stage circuit 300, and the output terminal of the output protection circuit is connected to the post-stage device.
Referring to fig. 6, the input protection module 200 includes a current protection circuit 210, a second rectifier 220, and a first photo-coupler 230.
The first end of the current protection circuit 210 is connected to both the second end of the power interface and the first input end of the second rectifier 220, the second end of the current protection circuit 210 is connected to both the output end of the voltage regulation circuit 21 and the second input end of the second rectifier 220, the output end of the second rectifier 220 is connected to the input end of the first optical coupler 230, and the output end of the first optical coupler 230 is connected to the input end of the post-stage circuit 300.
The current protection circuit 210 is used to prevent the PLC controller from being damaged by excessive input current, and the second rectifier 220 is used to rectify the input ac voltage into dc voltage. Because the voltage value and the voltage direction characteristic of the power interface are unknown, the voltage signal between the power interface and the rear-stage circuit 300 is isolated through the first optical coupler 230, and the voltage signal input by the power interface is converted into a relatively stable switching signal to be output to the rear-stage circuit 300, so that the problem that the normal work of the PLC controller is influenced or the PLC controller is damaged due to the unstable voltage signal of the power interface is avoided.
Referring to fig. 7, the output protection module 400 includes a second optocoupler 410 and an ac/dc adapter 420.
The input end of the second optical coupler 410 is connected with the output end of the post-stage circuit 300, the output end of the second optical coupler 410 is connected with the input end of the ac/dc adapter 420, and the output end of the ac/dc adapter 420 is connected with the post-stage device.
Because the voltage value and the voltage direction characteristic of the back-stage equipment are unknown, the second optical coupler 410 is used for isolating the voltage signal between the PLC controller and the back-stage equipment, converting the voltage signal output by the PLC controller into a relatively stable switching signal and outputting the relatively stable switching signal to the back-stage equipment, and avoiding the situation that the voltage signal of the back-stage equipment is unstable to influence the normal work of the PLC controller or damage the PLC controller.
According to the invention, the input voltage of the PLC is automatically adjusted through the voltage self-adaptive circuit, the voltage signal and the switching signal are converted through the input protection module and the output protection module, and the voltage signal between the post-stage circuit of the PLC and the power interface of the PLC is isolated, so that the stability of the input voltage is ensured, the input and output ends of the PLC are protected, and the PLC is prevented from being damaged or working unstably due to wiring errors or abnormal voltage.
It can be understood that, because the voltage adaptive circuit is used in the PLC controller, the embodiment of the PLC controller includes all technical solutions of all embodiments of the voltage adaptive circuit, and the achieved technical effects are also completely the same, and are not described herein again.
The above description is only an alternative embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and all modifications and equivalents of the present invention, which are made by the contents of the present specification and the accompanying drawings, or directly/indirectly applied to other related technical fields, are included in the scope of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. A voltage adaptive circuit for adaptively adjusting an input voltage of a PLC controller, comprising:
the voltage comparison module is provided with N output ends, N is greater than or equal to 1, the input end of the voltage comparison module is used for being connected with a power interface of the PLC, and the voltage comparison module is used for detecting the input voltage of the power interface, comparing the input voltage with a reference voltage and outputting N voltage adjustment signals of corresponding gears;
the switch circuit is provided with N controlled ends and N output ends, the N controlled ends of the switch circuit are correspondingly connected with the N output ends of the voltage comparison module one by one, and the switch circuit is used for controlling the corresponding output ends to be switched on or switched off according to the voltage adjustment signal;
when N is equal to 1, the controlled end of the voltage regulating circuit is connected with the output end of the switch circuit, the input end of the voltage regulating circuit is used for being connected with the power interface, the output end of the voltage regulating circuit is connected with a rear-stage circuit, the voltage regulating circuit is used for working when the corresponding output end of the switch circuit is disconnected, adjusting corresponding gears of the input voltage of the power interface so as to convert different voltages input by the power interface into preset working voltages, and the preset working voltages are equal to the working voltage of the PLC; when N is greater than 1, it is a plurality of the controlled end of regulator circuit with a plurality of output one-to-one of switch circuit connects, and is a plurality of establish ties in proper order between the regulator circuit, and is a plurality of the regulator circuit establishes ties between the power source of PLC controller and the back stage circuit, the regulator circuit is used for work when the corresponding output of switch circuit breaks off, it is right power source's input voltage carries out the adjustment of corresponding gear, with the different voltages of power source input convert and predetermine operating voltage, predetermine operating voltage and equal to the operating voltage of PLC controller.
2. The voltage adaptation circuit of claim 1, wherein each of the voltage regulation circuits comprises a resistor and a capacitor;
when N is equal to 1, the resistor and the capacitor are connected in parallel, the first ends of the resistor and the capacitor are input ends of the voltage regulating circuit and are connected with the power interface, the second ends of the resistor and the capacitor are output ends of the voltage regulating circuit and are connected with a post-stage circuit, and the resistor and the capacitor are also connected with the switch circuit in parallel;
when N is greater than 1, resistance and electric capacity parallel connection, the first end of resistance and electric capacity does voltage regulating circuit's input, the second end of resistance and electric capacity does voltage regulating circuit's output, first voltage regulating circuit's input with power source interface connects, and N is the Nth voltage regulating circuit's output and back stage circuit connection, N voltage regulating circuit's resistance and electric capacity still with a N output one-to-one of switch circuit is parallelly connected.
3. The voltage adaptation circuit of claim 1, wherein the voltage comparison module comprises:
the reference voltage generating circuit is used for generating a reference voltage according to a power supply signal output by the power supply device;
and the first input end of the comparison circuit is connected with the output end of the reference voltage generating circuit, the second input end of the comparison circuit is connected with the power interface, the output end of the comparison circuit is connected with the controlled end of the switch circuit, and the comparison circuit is used for comparing the input voltage value of the power interface with the reference voltage value and outputting a voltage adjusting signal of a corresponding gear.
4. The voltage adaptation circuit of claim 3, wherein the comparison circuit comprises:
the output ends of the N comparators are correspondingly connected with N controlled ends of the switch circuit;
the input end of the first voltage division circuit is connected with the output end of the reference voltage generation circuit, the first voltage division circuit is also provided with N reference voltage output ends, the N reference voltage output ends of the first voltage division circuit are correspondingly connected with the non-inverting input ends of the N comparators one by one, the output voltages of the first reference voltage output end to the Nth reference voltage output end are sequentially reduced, and the first voltage division circuit is used for carrying out multi-level voltage division on the output voltage of the reference voltage generation circuit so as to correspondingly output the output voltage to the N reference voltage output ends;
the input end of the second voltage division circuit is connected with the power interface, the second voltage division circuit is further provided with N voltage output ends, the N voltage output ends of the second voltage division circuit are connected with the inverted input ends of the N comparators in a one-to-one correspondence mode, the output voltages of the first voltage output end to the Nth voltage output end are reduced in sequence, and the second voltage division circuit is used for carrying out multi-gear voltage division on the input voltage of the power interface so as to correspondingly output the input voltage to the N voltage output ends.
5. The voltage adaptation circuit of claim 4, wherein the first voltage divider circuit comprises N voltage divider diodes;
when N is larger than 1, the voltage division diodes are connected in series, the input end of the first voltage division diode is connected with the output end of the reference voltage generation circuit, and the cathodes of the N voltage division diodes form N reference voltage output ends;
the second voltage division circuit comprises N voltage division resistors;
when N is greater than 1, a plurality of divider resistors are connected in series, the input end of the first divider resistor is connected with the power interface, and the output ends of the N divider resistors form N voltage output ends.
6. The voltage adaptation circuit of claim 4, wherein the voltage adaptation circuit further comprises:
the input end of the first rectifier is connected with the power interface, the first output end of the first rectifier is connected with the input end of the voltage comparison module, and the second output end of the first rectifier is grounded and used for rectifying the alternating-current voltage input by the power interface into direct-current voltage for comparison by the comparison circuit.
7. A PLC controller, characterized in that it comprises a subsequent stage circuit and a voltage adaptation circuit according to any one of claims 1 to 6;
the input end of the voltage self-adaptive circuit is connected with a power interface of the PLC, and the output end of the voltage self-adaptive circuit is connected with the input end of the post-stage circuit.
8. The PLC controller of claim 7, further comprising an input protection module and an output protection module;
the input end of the input protection module is connected with the output end of the voltage self-adaptive circuit, the output end of the input protection module is connected with the input end of the rear-stage circuit, the input end of the output protection module is connected with the output end of the rear-stage circuit, and the output end of the output protection module is connected with the rear-stage device.
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Address before: 528300 Guangdong province Foshan city Shunde high tech Zone (Ronggui) No. 22 Keyuan Road three

Patentee before: GUANGDONG YIZUMI PRECISION MACHINERY Co.,Ltd.