CN113285472A - Optimal configuration method and device of energy storage system - Google Patents
Optimal configuration method and device of energy storage system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides an optimal configuration method and device of an energy storage system, wherein the service life, the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system are obtained as initial values of the system; substituting the initial value of the system into a pre-constructed energy storage system optimal configuration model, and solving to obtain an energy storage system optimal configuration scheme; the energy storage system optimal configuration model is constructed by taking the maximum total life cycle net present value of the energy storage system as a target and taking the charge-discharge power and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as constraints, and the total life cycle net present value of the energy storage system is obtained based on the cost generated by the energy storage system in the total life cycle. The feasible region of the energy storage system optimization configuration model is discretized to obtain the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system, the operation life of the energy storage system is iteratively corrected, and the difficulty of solving the energy storage system optimization configuration model is reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of energy storage, in particular to an optimal configuration method and device of an energy storage system.
Background
Under the background of the vigorous development of new energy power generation, the energy storage system is used as a rapid bidirectional power and electric energy adjusting device, so that the inaccuracy of new energy power generation and the influence of unbalance of a power grid caused by the inaccuracy can be effectively reduced, and the energy storage system has great significance for promoting energy structure transformation and realizing the purposes of energy conservation and emission reduction. The energy storage optimization configuration considering the influence of the energy storage optimization operation on economic benefits is researched by integrating the strategy of the energy storage optimization operation, and the method is an important basis for energy investment and energy storage.
Currently, energy storage systems are generally configured in three ways: 1) considering the reduction of energy storage capacity in the discharging process, and generating an operation strategy based on intelligence; 2) the cloud energy storage system structure reduces the cost by utilizing the user complementary load characteristics and the scale benefits brought by large-scale construction of the energy storage system; 3) and determining an energy storage operation strategy based on the power fluctuation of the stable system. The three modes consider an optimized operation strategy when constructing the energy storage optimization configuration model, but the energy storage optimization configuration model is constructed mainly through the gains brought by the low storage and high emission of the energy storage system, so that the energy storage optimization configuration model is greatly simplified, and the configuration accuracy of the energy storage system is poor.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defect of poor accuracy in the prior art, the invention provides an optimal configuration method of an energy storage system, which comprises the following steps:
acquiring the service life, the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as initial values of the system;
substituting the initial system value into a pre-constructed energy storage system optimal configuration model, and solving to obtain an energy storage system optimal configuration scheme;
the energy storage system optimal configuration model is constructed by taking the maximum net present value of the full life cycle of the energy storage system as a target and taking the charge-discharge power and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as constraints;
wherein the net present value for the energy storage system over the full lifecycle is derived based on costs incurred by the energy storage system over the full lifecycle.
The costs incurred by the energy storage system over the full life cycle include: the energy storage system stores the income brought by high electricity at peak-valley price, recovers the income, fixes investment cost and needs the income brought by the reduction of electric charge.
The objective function of the energy storage system optimization configuration model is as follows:
maxF＝η(1-θ)(F1+F2)+F3-F4-F5
wherein F represents the net present value of the whole life cycle of the energy storage system, eta represents the charge-discharge efficiency of the energy storage system, theta represents the self-discharge rate of the energy storage system, and F1Representing the gains from low to high storage at peak-to-valley electricity prices, F2Representing the benefit of said reduction of the required electricity charge, F3Representing the recovery yield of the energy storage system, F4Represents a fixed investment cost of the energy storage system, F5Representing the operation and maintenance investment cost of the energy storage system.
Profit F brought by low-storage-height power generation of energy storage system at peak-valley electricity price1Satisfies the following conditions:
wherein Y represents the life of the energy storage system, Δ T represents a time interval, and T represents the energy storage systemThe number of periods during which the system is operating in a year,
electric power rate charge representing t period of the y year, DyThe rate of the discount is shown to be,
represents the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system in the t period of the y year, and
a positive, indicating that the energy storage system is in a charging state,
negative, indicating that the energy storage system is in a discharged state;
profit F from reduction of electricity charge2Satisfies the following conditions:
wherein M represents the operating month of the energy storage system in the year,
represents the required electricity rate of the y-th year,
representing the peak load value in the ith month before peak clipping,
representing the load peak value in the ith month after peak clipping;
recovery yield F of energy storage system3Satisfies the following conditions:
F3＝γF4
wherein γ represents a recovery coefficient of the energy storage system;
fixed investment cost F of energy storage system4Satisfies the following conditions:
in the formula, c3Represents the investment cost per unit capacity of the energy storage system, c4Represents the investment cost per unit power of the energy storage system,
represents the rated capacity of the energy storage system,
representing the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system;
operation and maintenance investment cost F of energy storage system5Satisfies the following conditions:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and the unit power operation and maintenance cost of the energy storage system in the y year is represented.
The constraint conditions of the energy storage system optimization configuration model comprise power constraint, energy constraint, variable upper and lower limit constraint, variable coupling constraint, fixed investment cost constraint and charge and discharge multiplying power constraint of the energy storage system.
The power constraint satisfies:
the fixed investment cost constraint is satisfied:
in the formula, F4maxIndicating the fixing of the energy storage systemMaximum investment cost;
the charge-discharge multiplying power constraint meets the following requirements:
in the formula, β represents a maximum charge-discharge rate allowed by the energy storage system.
Before the initial value of the system is brought into a pre-constructed energy storage system optimal configuration model and an optimal configuration scheme of the energy storage system is obtained through solving, the method provided by the application further comprises the following steps:
determining a fixed investment cost boundary straight line based on the maximum fixed investment cost of the energy storage system, wherein the fixed investment cost boundary straight line is used for indicating the relation between the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system through the maximum fixed investment cost of the energy storage system;
determining a charging and discharging multiplying power boundary straight line based on the maximum charging and discharging multiplying power allowed by the energy storage system, wherein the charging and discharging multiplying power boundary straight line is used for indicating the relation between the rated capacity and the rated charging and discharging power of the energy storage system through the maximum charging and discharging multiplying power allowed by the energy storage system;
determining a region boundary based on the fixed investment cost boundary straight line, the charge-discharge multiplying power boundary straight line and the abscissa in a rectangular coordinate system with the rated capacity of the energy storage system as the abscissa and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as the ordinate;
discretizing the fixed investment cost boundary straight line by a preset step length in the region boundary to obtain a discretized fixed investment cost boundary straight line, and discretizing the charge-discharge rate boundary straight line by a preset maximum charge-discharge rate allowed by the energy storage system to obtain a discretized fixed investment cost boundary straight line;
and obtaining the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system based on the intersection point of the discretized fixed investment cost boundary straight line and the discretized fixed investment cost boundary straight line.
The step of substituting the initial system value into a pre-constructed energy storage system optimal configuration model to solve to obtain an energy storage system optimal configuration scheme comprises the following steps:
inputting the initial value of the service life of the energy storage system, the initial value of the rated capacity of the energy storage system and the initial value of the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system into the energy storage system optimal configuration model, and solving to obtain the charge-discharge power of the energy storage system;
judging whether the actual service life of the energy storage system is converged:
if so, taking the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as the optimal configuration scheme of the energy storage system;
otherwise, substituting the actual service life, the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system into the energy storage system optimization configuration model for iterative solution until the actual service life of the energy storage system is converged; and then, the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system obtained through iterative solution are used as the optimal configuration scheme of the energy storage system.
The calculating the actual life of the energy storage system based on the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system comprises:
calculating daily limited discharge depth of the energy storage system based on charge and discharge power of the energy storage system;
determining the annual equivalent cycle number of the energy storage system based on the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system;
and calculating the actual service life of the energy storage system based on the annual equivalent cycle number of the energy storage system.
The daily limiting discharge depth of the energy storage system meets the following requirements:
in the formula, DODjRepresenting the depth of discharge of the energy storage plant on the j day, T' representing the number of time periods per day, alpha2Representing the maximum charge, a, allowed by the energy storage system1Representing the minimum charge allowed by the energy storage system;
the annual equivalent cycle number of the energy storage system meets the following requirements:
in the formula, NeqRepresenting the number of equivalent cycles of the energy storage system throughout the year, D representing the number of days of the natural year, kpRepresenting a life curve fitting parameter of the energy storage system;
the actual life of the energy storage system satisfies:
in the formula, Y represents the actual life of the energy storage system, and N represents the cycle number of the full life cycle of the energy storage system under the preset depth of discharge.
The optimal configuration of the energy storage system based on the actual life of the energy storage system comprises:
judging whether the actual service life of the energy storage system is converged:
if so, outputting the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system;
and if not, substituting the actual service life of the energy storage system into the energy storage system optimization configuration model for re-iterative solution, re-calculating the actual service life of the energy storage system based on the re-obtained charge and discharge power of the energy storage system until the actual service life of the energy storage system is converged, and then outputting the rated capacity and the rated charge and discharge power of the energy storage system.
The invention also provides an optimal configuration device of the energy storage system, which comprises:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the service life, the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as initial values of the system;
the solving module is used for substituting the system initial value into a pre-constructed energy storage system optimal configuration model and solving to obtain an energy storage system optimal configuration scheme;
the energy storage system optimal configuration model is constructed by taking the maximum net present value of the full life cycle of the energy storage system as a target and taking the charge-discharge power and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as constraints;
wherein the net present value for the energy storage system over the full lifecycle is derived based on costs incurred by the energy storage system over the full lifecycle.
The costs incurred by the energy storage system over the full life cycle include: the energy storage system stores the income brought by high electricity at peak-valley price, recovers the income, fixes investment cost and needs the income brought by the reduction of electric charge.
The device further comprises a modeling module, wherein the modeling module determines an objective function of the energy storage system optimization configuration model according to the following formula:
maxF＝η(1-θ)(F1+F2)+F3-F4-F5
wherein F represents the net present value of the whole life cycle of the energy storage system, eta represents the charge-discharge efficiency of the energy storage system, theta represents the self-discharge rate of the energy storage system, and F1Representing the gains from low to high storage at peak-to-valley electricity prices, F2Representing the benefit of said reduction of the required electricity charge, F3Representing the recovery yield of the energy storage system, F4Represents a fixed investment cost of the energy storage system, F5Representing the operation and maintenance investment cost of the energy storage system;
profit F brought by low-storage-height power generation of energy storage system at peak-valley electricity price1Satisfies the following conditions:
wherein Y represents the life of the energy storage system, Δ T represents a time interval, T represents the number of operating periods of the energy storage system in a year,
electric power rate charge representing t period of the y year, DyThe rate of the discount is shown to be,
represents the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system in the t period of the y year, and
a positive, indicating that the energy storage system is in a charging state,
negative, indicating that the energy storage system is in a discharged state;
profit F from reduction of electricity charge2Satisfies the following conditions:
wherein M represents the operating month of the energy storage system in the year,
represents the required electricity rate of the y-th year,
representing the peak load value in the ith month before peak clipping,
representing the load peak value in the ith month after peak clipping;
recovery yield F of energy storage system3Satisfies the following conditions:
F3＝γF4
wherein γ represents a recovery coefficient of the energy storage system;
fixed investment cost F of energy storage system4Satisfies the following conditions:
in the formula, c3Represents the investment cost per unit capacity of the energy storage system, c4Represents the investment cost per unit power of the energy storage system,
represents the rated capacity of the energy storage system,
representing the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system;
operation and maintenance investment cost F of energy storage system5Satisfies the following conditions:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
representing the unit power operation and maintenance cost of the energy storage system in the y year;
the constraint conditions of the energy storage system optimization configuration model comprise power constraint, energy constraint, variable upper and lower limit constraint, variable coupling constraint, fixed investment cost constraint and charge and discharge multiplying power constraint of the energy storage system;
the power constraint satisfies:
the fixed investment cost constraints satisfy:
in the formula, F4maxRepresenting a fixed investment cost maximum of the energy storage system;
the charge and discharge multiplying power constraint satisfies:
in the formula, β represents a maximum charge-discharge rate allowed by the energy storage system.
The apparatus further comprises a processing module to:
determining a fixed investment cost boundary straight line based on the maximum fixed investment cost of the energy storage system, wherein the fixed investment cost boundary straight line is used for indicating the relation between the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system through the maximum fixed investment cost of the energy storage system;
determining a charging and discharging multiplying power boundary straight line based on the maximum charging and discharging multiplying power allowed by the energy storage system, wherein the charging and discharging multiplying power boundary straight line is used for indicating the relation between the rated capacity and the rated charging and discharging power of the energy storage system through the maximum charging and discharging multiplying power allowed by the energy storage system;
determining a region boundary based on the fixed investment cost boundary straight line, the charge-discharge multiplying power boundary straight line and the abscissa in a rectangular coordinate system with the rated capacity of the energy storage system as the abscissa and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as the ordinate;
discretizing the fixed investment cost boundary straight line by a preset step length in the region boundary to obtain a discretized fixed investment cost boundary straight line, and discretizing the charge-discharge rate boundary straight line by a preset maximum charge-discharge rate allowed by the energy storage system to obtain a discretized fixed investment cost boundary straight line;
and obtaining the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system based on the intersection point of the discretized fixed investment cost boundary straight line and the discretized fixed investment cost boundary straight line.
The solving module is specifically configured to:
inputting the initial value of the service life of the energy storage system, the initial value of the rated capacity of the energy storage system and the initial value of the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system into the energy storage system optimal configuration model, and solving to obtain the charge-discharge power of the energy storage system;
calculating the actual service life of the energy storage system based on the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system;
judging whether the actual service life of the energy storage system is converged:
if so, taking the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as the optimal configuration scheme of the energy storage system;
otherwise, substituting the actual service life, the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system into the energy storage system optimization configuration model for iterative solution until the actual service life of the energy storage system is converged; and then, the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system obtained through iterative solution are used as the optimal configuration scheme of the energy storage system.
The solving module is configured to:
calculating daily limited discharge depth of the energy storage system based on charge and discharge power of the energy storage system;
determining the annual equivalent cycle number of the energy storage system based on the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system;
calculating the actual life of the energy storage system based on the annual equivalent cycle number of the energy storage system;
the daily limiting discharge depth of the energy storage system meets the following requirements:
in the formula, DODjRepresenting the depth of discharge of the energy storage plant on the j day, T' representing the number of time periods per day, alpha2Represents the maximum charge capacity, alpha, allowed by the energy storage system1Representing the minimum charge allowed by the energy storage system;
the annual equivalent cycle number of the energy storage system meets the following requirements:
in the formula, NeqRepresenting the number of equivalent cycles of the energy storage system throughout the year, D representing the number of days of the natural year, kpRepresenting a life curve fitting parameter of the energy storage system;
the actual life of the energy storage system satisfies:
in the formula, Y represents the actual life of the energy storage system, and N represents the cycle number of the full life cycle of the energy storage system under the preset depth of discharge.
The technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the optimal configuration method of the energy storage system, the service life, the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system are obtained as initial values of the system; substituting the initial value of the system into a pre-constructed energy storage system optimal configuration model, and solving to obtain an energy storage system optimal configuration scheme; constructing an energy storage system optimal configuration model by taking the maximum net present value of the full life cycle of the energy storage system as a target and taking the charge-discharge power and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as constraints; the net present value of the energy storage system in the whole life cycle is obtained based on the cost generated by the energy storage system in the whole life cycle, and the accuracy of the optimal configuration of the energy storage system is improved through the net present value of the energy storage system in the whole life cycle;
according to the method, the daily limited discharge depth of the energy storage power station is calculated according to the energy storage system optimal configuration model obtained by solving the energy storage system optimal configuration model, the service life loss times of the energy storage power station caused by charge and discharge cycles are obtained based on the daily limited discharge depth of the energy storage power station, the annual equivalent cycle times of the energy storage system are further obtained, and the calculation complexity is greatly simplified.
The feasible region of the energy storage system optimization configuration model is discretized to obtain the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system, the operation life of the energy storage system is iteratively corrected, and the difficulty of solving the energy storage system optimization configuration model is reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for optimizing configuration of an energy storage system in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram illustrating discretization of feasible domains of an optimal configuration model of an energy storage system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a structural diagram of an optimal configuration device of an energy storage system in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The embodiment 1 of the present invention provides an optimal configuration method of an energy storage system, where a specific flowchart is shown in fig. 1, and the specific process is as follows:
s101: and taking the obtained service life, rated capacity and rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as initial values of the system.
S102: substituting the initial value of the system into a pre-constructed energy storage system optimal configuration model, and solving to obtain an energy storage system optimal configuration scheme;
according to the embodiment of the invention, the initial value of the system is input into the pre-constructed energy storage system optimal configuration model, and the energy storage system optimal configuration model can be solved by adopting a linear programming algorithm to obtain the energy storage system optimal configuration scheme.
The energy storage system optimal configuration model is constructed by taking the maximum total life cycle net present value of the energy storage system as a target and taking the charge-discharge power and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as constraints, and the total life cycle net present value of the energy storage system is obtained based on the cost generated by the energy storage system in the total life cycle.
The objective function of the energy storage system optimization configuration model is as follows:
maxF＝η(1-θ)(F1+F2)+F3-F4-F5
in the formula, F represents the net present value of the full life cycle of the energy storage system, eta represents the charge-discharge efficiency of the energy storage system, theta represents the self-discharge rate of the energy storage system, and F1Indicating an energy storage system inGain from low reserve and high generation at peak-to-valley electricity prices, F2Representing the benefit of a reduction in the required electricity charge, F3Representing the recovery yield of the energy storage system, F4Representing the fixed investment cost of the energy storage system, F5Representing the operation and maintenance investment cost of the energy storage system.
Profit F brought by low-storage-height power generation of energy storage system at peak-valley electricity price1Satisfies the following conditions:
in the formula, Y represents the service life of the energy storage system (which can be the initial value of the service life of the energy storage system or the actual service life of the energy storage system), Δ T represents a time interval, T represents the number of operating periods of the energy storage system in one year,
electric power rate charge representing t period of the y year, DyThe rate of the discount is shown to be,
represents the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system in the t period of the y year, an
Positive, indicating that the energy storage system is in a charging state,
negative, indicating that the energy storage system is in a discharged state;
profit F from reduction of electricity charge2Satisfies the following conditions:
where M represents the operating month of the energy storage system in the year,
represents the required electricity rate of the y-th year,
representing the peak load value in the ith month before peak clipping,
representing the load peak value in the ith month after peak clipping;
recovery yield F of energy storage system3Satisfies the following conditions:
F3＝γF4
in the formula, gamma represents the recovery coefficient of the energy storage system;
fixed investment cost F of energy storage system4Satisfies the following conditions:
in the formula, c3Representing the investment cost per unit capacity of the energy storage system, c4Represents the investment cost per unit power of the energy storage system,
the rated capacity of the energy storage system is indicated,
representing the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system;
operation and maintenance investment cost F of energy storage system5Satisfies the following conditions:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and the unit power operation and maintenance cost of the energy storage system in the y year is shown.
The constraint conditions of the energy storage system optimization configuration model comprise power constraint, energy constraint, variable upper and lower limit constraint, variable coupling constraint, fixed investment cost constraint and charge and discharge multiplying power constraint of the energy storage system.
The power constraint satisfies:
the energy constraint requires that the energy of the energy storage system at each moment is within the upper and lower limits, which satisfy:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
representing the stored energy of the energy storage system during the period t of the y year,
representing the stored energy of the energy storage system in the t-1 time period of the y year; h represents a time interval index in the operation of the energy storage system, and h belongs to T; alpha is alpha1Representing the minimum allowable charge of the energy storage system, alpha2Representing the maximum charge allowed by the energy storage system.
The variable upper and lower limit constraint ensures that the original load power and the energy storage charging and discharging power do not exceed the maximum demand after being superposed, and the requirements are met:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
representing the load of the energy storage system during the time period t of the y year.
The variable coupling constraint satisfies:
the fixed investment cost constraint is satisfied:
in the formula, F4maxRepresenting the maximum fixed investment cost of the energy storage system.
The charge-discharge rate of the energy storage system is defined as the ratio of the charge-discharge current to the rated capacity, and is a measure for indicating the discharge speed, and the charge-discharge rate performance is directly related to the migration capacity of the anode, the cathode, the electrolyte and the interface. In addition, the heat dissipation rate inside the battery is also an important factor affecting the rate performance. In an energy storage system, there is a certain upper limit to the maximum charge-discharge rate. The charge-discharge multiplying power constraint meets the following requirements:
in the formula, β represents the maximum charge-discharge rate allowed by the energy storage system.
In the embodiment of the application, before the initial value of the system is brought into the pre-constructed energy storage system optimal configuration model and the optimal configuration scheme of the energy storage system is obtained through solving, the feasible domain of the energy storage system optimal configuration model needs to be discretized to obtain the rated capacity and the rated charge and discharge power of the energy storage system.
A schematic diagram of discretizing a feasible domain of an energy storage system optimal configuration model is shown in fig. 2, and a vertical coordinate of fig. 2 represents a rated charge-discharge power of an energy storage system
The abscissa represents the rated capacity of the energy storage system
The maximum value of rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system is
(F4maxRepresents the maximum fixed investment cost of the energy storage system, c4Representing the investment cost per unit power of the energy storage system), the maximum value of the rated capacity of the energy storage system is
(c3Representing the investment cost per capacity of the energy storage system).
The specific process of discretizing the feasible domain of the energy storage system optimization configuration model is as follows:
1) and determining a fixed investment cost boundary straight line (a straight line 11 in fig. 2) based on the maximum fixed investment cost of the energy storage system, wherein the fixed investment cost boundary straight line is used for indicating the relation between the rated capacity and the rated charge and discharge power of the energy storage system through the maximum fixed investment cost of the energy storage system. The embodiment of the application can be shown in figure 2
And
from these two points, a straight line 11 can be obtained, and the straight line 11 can be used
And (4) showing.
2) Determining a charging and discharging multiplying power boundary straight line (which can be used as beta) based on the maximum charging and discharging multiplying power (represented by beta) allowed by the energy storage system
) And the charging and discharging multiplying power boundary straight line is used for indicating the relation between the rated capacity and the rated charging and discharging power of the energy storage system through the maximum charging and discharging multiplying power allowed by the energy storage system. According to the embodiment of the application, different charging and discharging multiplying power sides can be obtained according to different maximum charging and discharging multiplying powers allowed by the energy storage systemAnd (4) boundary lines (namely different charging and discharging multiplying power boundary lines are obtained according to different heating values of beta). For example, the maximum charge-discharge multiplying power beta allowed by the energy storage system is obtained1Corresponding straight line 21, maximum charge-discharge multiplying power beta allowed by energy storage system2Corresponding straight line 22, maximum charge-discharge multiplying power beta allowed by energy storage system3Corresponding straight line 23, where β1＞β2＞β3。
3) In a rectangular coordinate system with the rated capacity of the energy storage system as an abscissa and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as an ordinate, a region boundary is determined based on a fixed investment cost boundary straight line, a charge-discharge multiplying factor boundary straight line and the abscissa. In the embodiment of the present application, the zero point, a in fig. 2 can be obtained according to the curve 11 and the curve 211Point (intersection of straight line 11 and straight line 21) and coordinates: (
0) Forming a zone boundary.
4) Discretizing the fixed investment cost boundary straight line (i.e., the straight line 11) within the regional boundary by a preset step length (denoted by Δ τ) to obtain a discretized fixed investment cost boundary straight line (a dotted line parallel to the straight line 11 and located inside the regional boundary in fig. 2), where the discretized fixed investment cost boundary straight line can be formulated as
n is a positive integer), and the maximum charge-discharge multiplying power (using beta) allowed by the energy storage system is presethH is a positive integer) or less, and obtaining discretized fixed investment cost boundary lines (lines 22 and 23 in fig. 2, the discretized fixed investment cost boundary lines can be expressed as a common expression
)。
5) Based on the intersection of the discretized fixed investment cost boundary straight line and the discretized fixed investment cost boundary straight lineDot (as A in FIG. 2)1Dot, B1Dots, C1Dot, A2Dot, B2Dots, C2Points, can be represented by formulas
And determining coordinates of the intersection points) to obtain the rated capacity and the rated charge and discharge power of the energy storage system.
The above-mentioned system initial value is brought into the energy storage system optimal configuration model that is constructed in advance, and the optimal configuration scheme of the energy storage system is obtained through solving, including:
inputting the initial value of the service life of the energy storage system, the initial value of the rated capacity of the energy storage system and the initial value of the rated charging and discharging power of the energy storage system into an energy storage system optimization configuration model, and solving to obtain the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system;
calculating the actual service life of the energy storage system based on the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system;
judging whether the actual service life of the energy storage system is converged:
if so (namely the actual service life of the energy storage system is converged), taking the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as the optimal configuration scheme of the energy storage system;
if not (namely the actual service life of the energy storage system is not converged), the actual service life, the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system are brought into the energy storage system optimization configuration model for iterative solution until the actual service life of the energy storage system is converged; and then, the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system obtained through iterative solution are used as the optimal configuration scheme of the energy storage system. That is to say, if the actual life of the energy storage system obtained according to the initial life value of the energy storage system is not converged, it indicates that the initial life value of the energy storage system is unreasonable, the actual life of the energy storage system needs to be brought back into the optimal configuration model of the energy storage system, and then the actual life of the energy storage system is recalculated, and if the recalculated actual life of the energy storage system is converged, the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system corresponding to the recalculated actual life of the energy storage system are used as the optimal configuration scheme of the energy storage system.
Calculating the actual life of the energy storage system based on the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system, comprising:
calculating daily limited discharge depth of the energy storage system based on charge and discharge power of the energy storage system;
determining the annual equivalent cycle number of the energy storage system based on the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system;
and calculating the actual service life of the energy storage system based on the annual equivalent cycle number of the energy storage system.
The daily limited discharge depth of the energy storage system satisfies the following conditions:
in the formula, DODjIndicating the discharge depth of the energy storage power station on the jth day (each day consists of a plurality of time intervals); t' represents the number of time periods per day; alpha is alpha2Represents the maximum charge capacity allowed by the energy storage system, and is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to alpha2≤1；α1Represents the minimum charge capacity allowed by the energy storage system, and is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to alpha1≤1。
The annual equivalent cycle number of the energy storage system meets the following requirements:
in the formula, NeqRepresenting the annual equivalent cycle number of the energy storage system, D representing the number of days of the natural year, kpRepresenting a life curve fitting parameter of the energy storage system;
the actual life of the energy storage system satisfies:
in the formula, Y represents the actual life of the energy storage system, and N represents the cycle number of the full life cycle of the energy storage system under the preset depth of discharge.
In the embodiment of the application, whether the actual service life of the energy storage system is converged can be judged through the absolute difference value of the different service lives of the energy storage system. If the difference between the calculated actual life of the energy storage system and the initial life of the energy storage system can be obtained, if the absolute value of the difference is less than or equal to a preset life deviation threshold (which can be set to 0.5 year), the convergence of the actual life of the energy storage system can be determined.
Example 2
Based on the same inventive concept, embodiment 2 of the present invention further provides an optimal configuration device for an energy storage system, as shown in fig. 3, including:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the service life, the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as initial values of the system;
the solving module is used for substituting the system initial value into a pre-constructed energy storage system optimal configuration model and solving to obtain an energy storage system optimal configuration scheme;
the energy storage system optimization configuration model is constructed by taking the maximum net present value of the full life cycle of the energy storage system as a target and taking the charge-discharge power and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as constraints;
wherein the net present value of the energy storage system over the full life cycle is derived based on costs incurred by the energy storage system over the full life cycle.
The costs incurred by the energy storage system over the full life cycle include: the energy storage system stores the income brought by high power generation at peak-valley electricity price, recovers the income, fixes the investment cost and needs the income brought by the reduction of electric charge.
The optimal configuration device provided by the embodiment of the application further comprises a modeling module, and the modeling module is used for:
determining an objective function of the energy storage system optimization configuration model according to the following formula:
maxF＝η(1-θ)(F1+F2)+F3-F4-F5
in the formula, F represents the net present value of the full life cycle of the energy storage system, eta represents the charge-discharge efficiency of the energy storage system, theta represents the self-discharge rate of the energy storage system, and F1Representing the gains from low to high storage at peak-to-valley electricity prices, F2Representing the benefit of a reduction in the required electricity charge, F3Representing the recovery yield of the energy storage system, F4Representing the fixed investment cost of the energy storage system, F5Representing the operation and maintenance investment cost of the energy storage system;
profit F brought by low-storage-height power generation of energy storage system at peak-valley electricity price1Satisfies the following conditions:
where Y represents the life of the energy storage system, Δ T represents the time interval, T represents the number of periods during which the energy storage system operates in a year,
electric power rate charge representing t period of the y year, DyThe rate of the discount is shown to be,
represents the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system in the t period of the y year, an
Positive, indicating that the energy storage system is in a charging state,
negative, indicating that the energy storage system is in a discharged state;
profit F from reduction of electricity charge2Satisfies the following conditions:
where M represents the operating month of the energy storage system in the year,
represents the required electricity rate of the y-th year,
negative in the ith month before peak clippingThe peak value of the load is shown,
representing the load peak value in the ith month after peak clipping;
recovery yield F of energy storage system3Satisfies the following conditions:
F3＝γF4
in the formula, gamma represents the recovery coefficient of the energy storage system;
fixed investment cost F of energy storage system4Satisfies the following conditions:
in the formula, c3Representing the investment cost per unit capacity of the energy storage system, c4Represents the investment cost per unit power of the energy storage system,
the rated capacity of the energy storage system is indicated,
representing the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system;
operation and maintenance investment cost F of energy storage system5Satisfies the following conditions:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
representing the unit power operation and maintenance cost of the energy storage system in the y year;
the constraint conditions of the energy storage system optimization configuration model comprise power constraint, energy constraint, variable upper and lower limit constraint, variable coupling constraint, fixed investment cost constraint and charge and discharge multiplying power constraint of the energy storage system;
the power constraint satisfies:
the fixed investment cost constraint is satisfied:
in the formula, F4maxRepresenting the maximum fixed investment cost of the energy storage system;
the charge-discharge multiplying power constraint meets the following requirements:
in the formula, β represents the maximum charge-discharge rate allowed by the energy storage system.
The optimal configuration device provided by the embodiment of the application further comprises a processing module, and the processing module is used for:
determining a fixed investment cost boundary straight line based on the maximum fixed investment cost of the energy storage system, wherein the fixed investment cost boundary straight line is used for indicating the relation between the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system through the maximum fixed investment cost of the energy storage system;
determining a charging and discharging multiplying power boundary straight line based on the maximum charging and discharging multiplying power allowed by the energy storage system, wherein the charging and discharging multiplying power boundary straight line is used for indicating the relation between the rated capacity and the rated charging and discharging power of the energy storage system through the maximum charging and discharging multiplying power allowed by the energy storage system;
determining a region boundary based on a fixed investment cost boundary straight line, a charging and discharging multiplying power boundary straight line and an abscissa in a rectangular coordinate system with the rated capacity of the energy storage system as the abscissa and the rated charging and discharging power of the energy storage system as the ordinate;
discretizing the fixed investment cost boundary straight line by a preset step length in the regional boundary to obtain a discretized fixed investment cost boundary straight line, and discretizing the charging and discharging multiplying power boundary straight line by the maximum charging and discharging multiplying power allowed by a preset energy storage system to obtain a discretized fixed investment cost boundary straight line;
and obtaining the rated capacity and the rated charge and discharge power of the energy storage system based on the intersection point of the discretized fixed investment cost boundary straight line and the discretized fixed investment cost boundary straight line.
The solving module is specifically configured to:
inputting the initial value of the service life of the energy storage system, the initial value of the rated capacity of the energy storage system and the initial value of the rated charging and discharging power of the energy storage system into an energy storage system optimization configuration model, and solving to obtain the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system;
calculating the actual service life of the energy storage system based on the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system;
judging whether the actual service life of the energy storage system is converged:
if so, taking the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as the optimal configuration scheme of the energy storage system;
otherwise, the actual service life, the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system are brought into an energy storage system optimization configuration model for iterative solution until the actual service life of the energy storage system is converged; and then, the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system obtained through iterative solution are used as the optimal configuration scheme of the energy storage system.
The solving module is used for:
calculating daily limited discharge depth of the energy storage system based on charge and discharge power of the energy storage system;
determining the annual equivalent cycle number of the energy storage system based on the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system;
calculating the actual service life of the energy storage system based on the annual equivalent cycle number of the energy storage system;
the daily limited discharge depth of the energy storage system satisfies the following conditions:
in the formula, DODjIndicating discharge of the energy storage plant on day jDepth, T' denotes the number of time periods per day, α2Representing the maximum charge allowed by the energy storage system, alpha1Representing the minimum charge allowed by the energy storage system;
the annual equivalent cycle number of the energy storage system meets the following requirements:
in the formula, NeqRepresenting the annual equivalent cycle number of the energy storage system, D representing the number of days of the natural year, kpRepresenting a life curve fitting parameter of the energy storage system;
the actual life of the energy storage system satisfies:
in the formula, Y represents the actual life of the energy storage system, and N represents the cycle number of the full life cycle of the energy storage system under the preset depth of discharge.
For convenience of description, each part of the above-described apparatus is separately described as being functionally divided into various modules or units. Of course, the functionality of the various modules or units may be implemented in the same one or more pieces of software or hardware when implementing the present application.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present application may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present application may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present application may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the application. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flow diagrams and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention and not to limit the same, and a person of ordinary skill in the art can make modifications or equivalent substitutions to the specific embodiments of the present invention with reference to the above embodiments, and any modifications or equivalent substitutions which do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention are within the protection scope of the present invention as claimed in the appended claims.
Claims (11)
1. An optimal configuration method of an energy storage system, comprising:
acquiring the service life, the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as initial values of the system;
substituting the initial system value into a pre-constructed energy storage system optimal configuration model, and solving to obtain an energy storage system optimal configuration scheme;
the energy storage system optimal configuration model is constructed by taking the maximum net present value of the full life cycle of the energy storage system as a target and taking the charge-discharge power and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as constraints;
wherein the net present value for the energy storage system over the full lifecycle is derived based on costs incurred by the energy storage system over the full lifecycle.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the cost incurred by the energy storage system over a full lifecycle comprises: the energy storage system stores the income brought by high electricity at peak-valley price, recovers the income, fixes investment cost and needs the income brought by the reduction of electric charge.
3. The optimal configuration method of the energy storage system according to claim 2, wherein the objective function of the optimal configuration model of the energy storage system is as follows:
maxF＝η(1-θ)(F1+F2)+F3-F4-F5
wherein F represents the net present value of the full life cycle of the energy storage system, eta represents the charge-discharge efficiency of the energy storage system, theta represents the self-discharge rate of the energy storage system, and F1Representing the gains from low to high storage at peak-to-valley electricity prices, F2Representing the benefit of said reduction of the required electricity charge, F3Representing the recovery yield of the energy storage system, F4Represents a fixed investment cost of the energy storage system, F5Representing the operation and maintenance investment cost of the energy storage system.
4. The optimal configuration method of the energy storage system according to claim 3, wherein the energy storage system generates a low-storage-height yield F at a peak-valley electricity price1Satisfies the following conditions:
wherein Y represents the life of the energy storage system, Δ T represents a time interval, T represents the number of operating periods of the energy storage system in a year,
electric power rate charge representing t period of the y year, DyThe rate of the discount is shown to be,
represents the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system in the t period of the y year, and
a positive, indicating that the energy storage system is in a charging state,
negative, indicating that the energy storage system is in a discharged state;
the income F brought by the reduction of the required electric charge2Satisfies the following conditions:
wherein M represents the operating month of the energy storage system in the year,
represents the required electricity rate of the y-th year,
representing the peak load value in the ith month before peak clipping,
indicates the first time after peak clippingLoad peak at i months;
recovery F of the energy storage system3Satisfies the following conditions:
F3＝γF4
wherein γ represents a recovery coefficient of the energy storage system;
fixed investment cost F of the energy storage system4Satisfies the following conditions:
in the formula, c3Represents the investment cost per unit capacity of the energy storage system, c4Represents the investment cost per unit power of the energy storage system,
represents the rated capacity of the energy storage system,
representing the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system;
the operation and maintenance investment cost F of the energy storage system5Satisfies the following conditions:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
and the unit power operation and maintenance cost of the energy storage system in the y year is represented.
5. The optimal configuration method of the energy storage system according to claim 1, wherein the constraint conditions of the optimal configuration model of the energy storage system comprise power constraint, energy constraint, variable upper and lower limit constraint, variable coupling constraint, fixed investment cost constraint and charge and discharge rate constraint of the energy storage system.
6. The optimal configuration method of the energy storage system according to claim 5, wherein the power constraint satisfies:
the fixed investment cost constraints satisfy:
in the formula, F4maxRepresenting a fixed investment cost maximum of the energy storage system;
the charge and discharge multiplying power constraint satisfies:
in the formula, β represents a maximum charge-discharge rate allowed by the energy storage system.
7. The optimal configuration method of the energy storage system according to claim 6, wherein before the initial system value is substituted into a pre-constructed optimal configuration model of the energy storage system and the optimal configuration scheme of the energy storage system is obtained through solution, the method further comprises:
determining a fixed investment cost boundary straight line based on the maximum fixed investment cost of the energy storage system, wherein the fixed investment cost boundary straight line is used for indicating the relation between the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system through the maximum fixed investment cost of the energy storage system;
determining a charging and discharging multiplying power boundary straight line based on the maximum charging and discharging multiplying power allowed by the energy storage system, wherein the charging and discharging multiplying power boundary straight line is used for indicating the relation between the rated capacity and the rated charging and discharging power of the energy storage system through the maximum charging and discharging multiplying power allowed by the energy storage system;
determining a region boundary based on the fixed investment cost boundary straight line, the charge-discharge multiplying power boundary straight line and the abscissa in a rectangular coordinate system with the rated capacity of the energy storage system as the abscissa and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as the ordinate;
discretizing the fixed investment cost boundary straight line by a preset step length in the region boundary to obtain a discretized fixed investment cost boundary straight line, and discretizing the charge-discharge rate boundary straight line by a preset maximum charge-discharge rate allowed by the energy storage system to obtain a discretized fixed investment cost boundary straight line;
and obtaining the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system based on the intersection point of the discretized fixed investment cost boundary straight line and the discretized fixed investment cost boundary straight line.
8. The optimal configuration method of the energy storage system according to claim 7, wherein the step of substituting the initial system value into a pre-constructed optimal configuration model of the energy storage system to obtain an optimal configuration scheme of the energy storage system comprises the following steps:
inputting the initial value of the service life of the energy storage system, the initial value of the rated capacity of the energy storage system and the initial value of the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system into the energy storage system optimal configuration model, and solving to obtain the charge-discharge power of the energy storage system;
calculating the actual service life of the energy storage system based on the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system;
judging whether the actual service life of the energy storage system is converged:
if so, taking the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as the optimal configuration scheme of the energy storage system;
otherwise, substituting the actual service life, the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system into the energy storage system optimization configuration model for iterative solution until the actual service life of the energy storage system is converged; and then, the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system obtained through iterative solution are used as the optimal configuration scheme of the energy storage system.
9. The method according to claim 8, wherein the calculating the actual life of the energy storage system based on the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system comprises:
calculating daily limited discharge depth of the energy storage system based on charge and discharge power of the energy storage system;
determining the annual equivalent cycle number of the energy storage system based on the charging and discharging power of the energy storage system;
and calculating the actual service life of the energy storage system based on the annual equivalent cycle number of the energy storage system.
10. The optimal configuration method of the energy storage system according to claim 9, wherein the daily defined depth of discharge of the energy storage system satisfies:
in the formula, DODjRepresenting the depth of discharge of the energy storage plant on the j day, T' representing the number of time periods per day, alpha2Represents the maximum charge capacity, alpha, allowed by the energy storage system1Representing the minimum charge allowed by the energy storage system;
the annual equivalent cycle number of the energy storage system meets the following requirements:
in the formula, NeqRepresenting the number of equivalent cycles of the energy storage system throughout the year, D representing the number of days of the natural year, kpRepresenting a life curve fitting parameter of the energy storage system;
the actual life of the energy storage system satisfies:
in the formula, Y represents the actual life of the energy storage system, and N represents the cycle number of the full life cycle of the energy storage system under the preset depth of discharge.
11. An optimal configuration device for an energy storage system, comprising:
the acquisition module is used for acquiring the service life, the rated capacity and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as initial values of the system;
the solving module is used for substituting the system initial value into a pre-constructed energy storage system optimal configuration model and solving to obtain an energy storage system optimal configuration scheme;
the energy storage system optimal configuration model is constructed by taking the maximum net present value of the full life cycle of the energy storage system as a target and taking the charge-discharge power and the rated charge-discharge power of the energy storage system as constraints;
wherein the net present value for the energy storage system over the full lifecycle is derived based on costs incurred by the energy storage system over the full lifecycle.
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| CN114118575A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-01 | 西安西电电力系统有限公司 | Method and device for determining depth of discharge of electrochemical energy storage system and computer equipment |
| CN115268536A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-11-01 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Temperature control method of energy storage system and related device |
| CN115441488A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-12-06 | 上海联元智能科技有限公司 | Electric energy storage optimal configuration method |
| CN117977663A (en) * | 2024-04-01 | 2024-05-03 | 富能宝能源科技集团有限公司 | Automatic charging and discharging control method for industrial and commercial energy storage system |
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| CN114118575A (en) * | 2021-11-25 | 2022-03-01 | 西安西电电力系统有限公司 | Method and device for determining depth of discharge of electrochemical energy storage system and computer equipment |
| CN115268536A (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2022-11-01 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Temperature control method of energy storage system and related device |
| CN115268536B (en) * | 2022-08-02 | 2024-05-14 | 阳光电源股份有限公司 | Temperature control method and related device of energy storage system |
| CN115441488A (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2022-12-06 | 上海联元智能科技有限公司 | Electric energy storage optimal configuration method |
| CN115441488B (en) * | 2022-08-18 | 2023-11-21 | 上海联元智能科技有限公司 | Electric energy storage optimal selection configuration method |
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| CN117977663B (en) * | 2024-04-01 | 2024-06-14 | 富能宝能源科技集团有限公司 | Automatic charging and discharging control method for industrial and commercial energy storage system |
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