CN113283132A - Fault activity disaster early warning method and device and electronic equipment - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供一种断层活动致灾预警方法、装置及电子设备，其中，方法包括：获取生产作业的施工参数；将施工参数输入至预先建立的作业区地下岩体模型，进行岩体应力和流体压力演化数值计算，得到任一时刻的岩体应力和流体压力；根据岩体应力和流体压力，确定天然断层库伦应力增量；根据天然断层库伦应力增量对作业区天然断层活动进行预警。通过实施本发明，将施工参数输入至预先建立的作业区地下岩体模型进行数值计算，确定断层库伦应力增量，根据增量进行预警，将灾害事件的事后补救，改进为事前预防，有效降低由于断层活动导致的灾害，且当是进行油气井压裂施工时，可以降低沿岸油气井事故风险、保护海域生态环境和人民健康、促进油气的绿色开发。
The invention provides a method, device and electronic equipment for early warning of disaster caused by fault activity, wherein the method includes: acquiring construction parameters of production operations; Numerical calculation of pressure evolution can obtain the rock mass stress and fluid pressure at any time; according to the rock mass stress and fluid pressure, determine the natural fault Coulomb stress increment; according to the natural fault Coulomb stress increment, the natural fault activity in the operation area is warned. By implementing the present invention, the construction parameters are input into the pre-established underground rock mass model of the operation area for numerical calculation, the increment of the fault Coulomb stress is determined, and early warning is carried out according to the increment, the post-event remediation of disaster events is improved to pre-prevention, and the effective reduction of Disasters caused by fault activities, and when fracturing oil and gas wells, can reduce the risk of oil and gas well accidents along the coast, protect the ecological environment of the sea area and people's health, and promote the green development of oil and gas.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of risk assessment, in particular to a fault activity disaster early warning method and device and electronic equipment.
Background
The exploration and development of marine oil and gas has potential and catastrophic threats to the marine environment. The marine oil spill event has wide diffusion range and high degradation difficulty, can cause permanent and destructive damage to marine environment, fishery resources and the like, and directly or indirectly threatens human health, property safety and social development. Natural fault activation resulting from hydrocarbon well fracturing is one of the most uncontrollable and devastating causes of a catastrophic event. The activation of the natural fault can destroy a well hole, an oil-gas pipeline, an overlying stratum and the like, cause leakage of oil gas, fracturing fluid and the like, and cause damages to organic hydrocarbon, TDS with different concentrations, toxic nonmetal elements and the like on oceans, soil and underground water; natural earthquakes may also be initiated, resulting in direct casualties and damage to facilities.
At present, a microseism monitoring method synchronously carried out in the fracturing construction process of an oil and gas well cannot realize the prior evaluation of a disaster event in the fracturing construction process of the oil and gas well, and only can take remedial measures after the disaster event, so that irreparable loss to the natural environment and lives and properties of people is often caused.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, embodiments of the present invention provide a fault event disaster early warning method, device and electronic device, so as to solve the problem in the prior art that the prior evaluation of a disaster event cannot be implemented, and only remedial measures can be taken after the disaster event, which often results in irreparable loss to the natural environment and people's lives and properties.
According to a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fault activity disaster early warning method, including the following steps: acquiring construction parameters of production operation; inputting the construction parameters into a pre-established underground rock model of the operation area, and carrying out rock stress and fluid pressure evolution numerical calculation to obtain rock stress and fluid pressure at any moment; determining natural fault coulomb stress increment according to the rock mass stress and the fluid pressure; and early warning the natural fault activity of the operation area according to the natural fault coulomb stress increment.
Optionally, the method for constructing the pre-established underground rock mass model of the working area includes: acquiring underground rock framework information of the operation area, three-dimensional rock mechanical parameters and hole permeability parameters of the operation area; constructing an underground rock mass lattice model of the operation area according to the underground rock mass lattice information of the operation area; gridding the underground rock mass grillwork model; and assigning the three-dimensional rock mechanical parameters and the pore-permeability parameters of the operation area to the meshed underground rock mass lattice model according to spatial linear interpolation to obtain the underground rock mass model of the operation area.
Optionally, the determining a natural fault coulomb stress delta from the rock mass stress and the fluid pressure comprises:
△CFS＝△τ+0.3×(△σ+△p)；
wherein, Δ CFS is the increment of coulomb stress of the natural fault, Δ tau is the increment of shear stress in the sliding direction of the fault relative to the initial value, Δ σ is the increment of positive stress on the fault surface relative to the initial value, and Δ p is the increment of fluid pressure relative to the initial value.
Optionally, the early warning of the natural fault activity in the operation area according to the natural fault coulomb stress increment includes: and when the coulomb stress increment of the natural fault exceeds a preset threshold value, sending out disaster-causing early warning.
According to a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a fault activity disaster early warning apparatus, including: the first parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring construction parameters of production operation; the evolution module is used for inputting the construction parameters into a pre-established underground rock mass model of the operation area, and performing rock mass stress and fluid pressure evolution numerical calculation to obtain the rock mass stress and the fluid pressure at any moment; the increment determining module is used for determining the coulomb stress increment of the natural fault according to the rock mass stress and the fluid pressure; and the early warning module is used for early warning the natural fault activity of the operation area according to the natural fault coulomb stress increment.
Optionally, the evolution module comprises: the second parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring underground rock framework information of the operation area, three-dimensional rock mechanical parameters of the operation area and hole permeability parameters; the grid model construction module is used for constructing an underground rock mass grid model of the operation area according to the underground rock mass grid information of the operation area; the gridding module is used for gridding the underground rock mass grillwork model; and the underground rock mass model determining module is used for assigning the three-dimensional rock mechanical parameters and the pore permeability parameters of the operation area to the meshed underground rock mass grid model according to spatial linear interpolation to obtain the underground rock mass model of the operation area.
Optionally, the increment determining module includes: an incremental computation module to perform the following equation:
△CFS＝△τ+0.3×(△σ+△p)；
wherein, Δ CFS is the increment of coulomb stress of the natural fault, Δ tau is the increment of shear stress in the sliding direction of the fault relative to the initial value, Δ σ is the increment of positive stress on the fault surface relative to the initial value, and Δ p is the increment of fluid pressure relative to the initial value.
Optionally, the early warning module includes: and the early warning sub-module is used for sending out disaster-causing early warning when the coulomb stress increment of the natural fault exceeds a preset threshold value.
According to a third aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides an electronic device, which includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, where the processor implements the steps of the fault-related activity disaster early warning method according to the first aspect or any of the embodiments of the first aspect when executing the program.
According to a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a storage medium, on which computer instructions are stored, and the instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the steps of the fault-activity disaster early warning method according to the first aspect or any one of the embodiments of the first aspect.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
according to the fault activity disaster early warning method/device provided by the embodiment, the construction parameters are input into the underground rock mass model of the pre-established operation area, the numerical calculation of the evolution of the rock mass stress and the fluid pressure is carried out, the rock mass stress and the fluid pressure are obtained, the natural fault coulomb stress increment is determined through the rock mass stress and the fluid pressure, early warning is carried out according to the natural fault coulomb stress increment, the post-accident remedy of a disaster event is improved into the pre-accident prevention, the disasters caused by fault activity can be effectively reduced, and when the fracturing construction of an oil and gas well is carried out, the accident risk of the coastal oil and gas well can be reduced, the ecological environment and the health of people in a sea area can be protected, and the green development of oil and gas can be promoted. The method has higher application value in the aspects of developing technical service in oil and gas areas, reducing accident loss, lowering enterprise and social environment treatment cost and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a specific example of a fault-induced disaster warning method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a specific example of a fault-activity disaster early warning device in an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a specific example of an electronic device in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; the two elements may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or may be communicated with each other inside the two elements, or may be wirelessly connected or wired connected. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
The embodiment provides a fault activity disaster early warning method, as shown in fig. 1, which includes the following steps:
and S101, acquiring construction parameters of production operation.
Illustratively, the type of production operation may be any type of construction that affects fault activity, such as a well fracturing construction. The construction parameters represent preset parameters according to construction requirements before construction, the embodiment takes oil and gas well fracturing construction as an example, and the construction parameters comprise water injection time, flow and the like. The manner of acquiring the construction parameters of the operation area may be to acquire manually input parameters.
And S102, inputting the construction parameters into a pre-established underground rock mass model of the operation area, and performing numerical calculation on evolution of rock mass stress and fluid pressure to obtain the rock mass stress and the fluid pressure at any moment.
Illustratively, the pre-established working area underground rock mass model can be constructed according to multi-source data of working area geology, rock cores, well logging, seismic exploration and the like for production operation, and the working area underground rock mass model digitalizes the working area underground rock mass. The construction parameters are input into the pre-established working area underground rock mass model, and the numerical calculation of rock mass stress and fluid pressure evolution can be carried out by carrying out numerical calculation of evolution on the working area underground rock mass model according to the construction parameters through a hole elastic coupling finite element simulation algorithm or software (such as Comsol, Petrel, Ansys, Abaqus and the like) so as to obtain the rock mass stress and the fluid pressure at any moment.
S103, determining the coulomb stress increment of the natural fault according to the rock stress and the fluid pressure.
Illustratively, the natural fault coulomb stress increment can be determined according to the rock stress and the fluid pressure by comparing the rock stress and the fluid pressure obtained at any time with initial values to obtain the rock stress increment and the fluid pressure increment and determining the natural fault coulomb stress increment according to the rock stress increment and the fluid pressure increment.
The natural fault coulomb stress increment can be obtained by the following formula:
△CFS＝△τ+0.3×(△σ+△p)；
wherein, Δ CFS is the increment of coulomb stress of the natural fault, Δ tau is the increment of shear stress in the sliding direction of the fault relative to the initial value, Δ σ is the increment of positive stress on the fault surface relative to the initial value, and Δ p is the increment of fluid pressure relative to the initial value.
And S104, early warning natural fault activities in the operation area according to the natural fault coulomb stress increment.
For example, the method for early warning the natural fault activity in the operation area according to the natural fault coulomb stress increment may be to judge whether the natural fault coulomb stress increment exceeds a preset threshold, if so, the oil-gas well fracturing construction may be considered to have a disaster risk, and if not, the oil-gas well fracturing construction may not have the disaster risk. The preset threshold value may be 0.1bar, and may also be summarized according to actual operation area construction and natural fault activity historical data. The manner of performing the early warning may be to display a warning on an interface, or to send an audible and visual alarm, or to push alarm information to a corresponding terminal.
According to the fault activity disaster-causing early warning method provided by the embodiment, the construction parameters are input into the underground rock mass model of the pre-established operation area, the rock mass stress and the fluid pressure are evolved in the model to obtain the rock mass stress and the fluid pressure, the natural fault coulomb stress increment is determined according to the rock mass stress and the fluid pressure, early warning is carried out according to the natural fault coulomb stress increment, the disaster event is repaired afterwards, the disaster event is improved to be pre-prevention, the disaster caused by fault activity can be effectively reduced, and when the oil-gas well fracturing construction is carried out, the accident risk of the coastal oil-gas well can be reduced, the ecological environment and the health of people in a sea area can be protected, and the green development of oil and gas can be promoted. The method has higher application value in the aspects of developing technical service in oil and gas areas, reducing accident loss, lowering enterprise and social environment treatment cost and the like.
As an optional implementation manner of this embodiment, a construction manner of the pre-established underground rock mass model of the operation area includes:
firstly, acquiring underground rock framework information of an operation area, three-dimensional rock mechanical parameters and hole permeability parameters of the operation area;
illustratively, the underground rock mass lattice information includes fault three-dimensional morphology information and formation three-dimensional morphology information. The fault three-dimensional form is obtained by well drilling and logging data breakpoint identification and three-dimensional seismic data body fault manual identification, and identification marks comprise dislocation of seismic event axes, high square deviation, high dip angle, low coherence and the like; the three-dimensional form of the stratum is mainly subjected to seismic reflection horizon calibration through well drilling, well logging and well logging data; performing seismic reflection horizon tracking interpretation of an operation area by using three-dimensional seismic data; and converting the seismic reflection horizon from a time domain to a depth domain and the like. The embodiment does not limit the obtaining mode of the underground rock mass grillwork information, and the person skilled in the art can determine the underground rock mass grillwork information according to the requirement.
The three-dimensional rock mechanical parameters of the working area can be obtained by calculation according to the conversion relation between the mechanical parameters and the longitudinal and transverse wave speeds and the three-dimensional stratum speed structure of the working area, then the calculation results can be corrected according to the well rock mechanical experiment test results, and the parameters of the layer system rock mass in which the single-point rock experiment test results represent can be determined.
The method for calculating the three-dimensional rock mechanical parameters (shear modulus, poisson ratio and Young modulus) of the working area according to the conversion relation between the mechanical parameters and the longitudinal and transverse wave speeds and the three-dimensional stratum speed structure of the working area can be realized by the following formulas:
μ＝ρVs 2；
ν＝(Vp/Vs 2－2)/(2Vp/Vs 2－2)；
E＝2μ(1+ν)；
wherein, Vp、VsThe longitudinal wave and transverse wave velocities of the rock are respectively, rho is rock density, mu is shear modulus, ν is Poisson's ratio, and E is Young modulus.
The hole permeability parameters are formed by rock hole permeability test results of different layers, three-dimensional hole permeability parameters of an operation area can be calculated through well logging data, and parameters of a rock layer system in which the hole permeability parameters are represented can be determined through single-point rock hole permeability test results.
The method for calculating the three-dimensional pore permeability parameters (porosity and permeability) of the operation area through the logging data can be as follows:
φ＝(ρm－ρl)/(ρm－ρf)；
k＝700φ2/3；
where φ is porosity, k is permeability, ρmDensity of rock, pfIs the density of the pore fluid, plIs density log data.
The method for acquiring the three-dimensional rock mechanical parameters and the pore-permeability parameters of the operation area is not limited in this embodiment, and can be determined by a person skilled in the art as required.
Secondly, constructing an underground rock mass lattice model of the operation area according to the underground rock mass lattice information of the operation area;
illustratively, the subsurface rock mass lattice model is bounded by faults and strata. And identifying natural faults and stratum interfaces in the operation area according to the fault three-dimensional form information and the stratum three-dimensional form information in the underground rock framework information of the operation area, so as to establish an underground rock framework model of the three-dimensional form of the operation area.
Thirdly, gridding the underground rock framework model; gridding is a necessary step of finite element numerical simulation, and a model needs to be discretized into a finite number of units, and a solution on each unit is solved.
And then, assigning the three-dimensional rock mechanical parameters and the pore permeability parameters of the operation area to the meshed underground rock mass lattice model according to the spatial linear interpolation to obtain the underground rock mass model of the operation area.
According to the fault activity disaster early warning method provided by the embodiment, the underground rock model of the operation area is constructed through the underground rock framework information of the operation area, the three-dimensional rock mechanical parameters of the operation area and the hole seepage parameters, the reduction degree of the geological structure and the geological performance of the operation area is improved, and therefore the early warning accuracy is improved.
The embodiment provides a fault activity disaster early warning device, as shown in fig. 2, including:
a first parameter obtaining module 201, configured to obtain a construction parameter of a production operation; for details, reference is made to the corresponding parts of the above method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
The evolution module 202 is used for inputting the construction parameters into a pre-established underground rock mass model of the operation area, and performing numerical calculation on rock mass stress and fluid pressure evolution to obtain the rock mass stress and the fluid pressure at any moment; for details, reference is made to the corresponding parts of the above method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
An increment determining module 203, configured to determine a natural fault coulomb stress increment according to the rock mass stress and the fluid pressure; for details, reference is made to the corresponding parts of the above method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
And the early warning module 204 is used for early warning the natural fault activity of the operation area according to the natural fault coulomb stress increment. For details, reference is made to the corresponding parts of the above method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
As an optional implementation manner of this embodiment, the evolution module 202 includes:
the second parameter acquisition module is used for acquiring underground rock framework information of the operation area, three-dimensional rock mechanical parameters of the operation area and hole permeability parameters; for details, reference is made to the corresponding parts of the above method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
The grid model construction module is used for constructing an underground rock mass grid model of the operation area according to the underground rock mass grid information of the operation area; for details, reference is made to the corresponding parts of the above method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
The gridding module is used for gridding the underground rock mass grillwork model; for details, reference is made to the corresponding parts of the above method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
And the underground rock mass model determining module is used for assigning the three-dimensional rock mechanical parameters and the pore permeability parameters of the operation area to the meshed underground rock mass grid model according to spatial linear interpolation to obtain the underground rock mass model of the operation area. For details, reference is made to the corresponding parts of the above method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
As an optional implementation manner of this embodiment, the increment determining module 203 includes:
an incremental computation module to perform the following equation:
△CFS＝△τ+0.3×(△σ+△p)；
wherein, Δ CFS is the increment of coulomb stress of the natural fault, Δ tau is the increment of shear stress in the sliding direction of the fault relative to the initial value, Δ σ is the increment of positive stress on the fault surface relative to the initial value, and Δ p is the increment of fluid pressure relative to the initial value. For details, reference is made to the corresponding parts of the above method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
As an optional implementation manner of this embodiment, the early warning module 204 includes: and the early warning sub-module is used for sending out disaster-causing early warning when the coulomb stress increment of the natural fault exceeds a preset threshold value. For details, reference is made to the corresponding parts of the above method embodiments, which are not described herein again.
The embodiment of the present application also provides an electronic device, as shown in fig. 3, including a processor 310 and a memory 320, where the processor 310 and the memory 320 may be connected by a bus or in other manners.
Processor 310 may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU). The Processor 310 may also be other general purpose processors, Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) or other Programmable logic devices, discrete Gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, or any combination thereof.
The memory 320 is a non-transitory computer readable storage medium, and can be used to store non-transitory software programs, non-transitory computer executable programs, and modules, such as program instructions/modules corresponding to the fault-activity disaster warning method in the embodiment of the present invention. The processor executes various functional applications and data processing of the processor by executing non-transitory software programs, instructions, and modules stored in the memory.
The memory 320 may include a storage program area and a storage data area, wherein the storage program area may store an operating system, an application program required for at least one function; the storage data area may store data created by the processor, and the like. Further, the memory may include high speed random access memory, and may also include non-transitory memory, such as at least one disk storage device, flash memory device, or other non-transitory solid state storage device. In some embodiments, memory 320 may optionally include memory located remotely from the processor, which may be connected to the processor via a network. Examples of such networks include, but are not limited to, the internet, intranets, local area networks, mobile communication networks, and combinations thereof.
The one or more modules are stored in the memory 320, and when executed by the processor 310, perform the fault activation warning method in the embodiment shown in fig. 1.
The details of the electronic device may be understood with reference to the corresponding related description and effects in the embodiment shown in fig. 1, and are not described herein again.
The present embodiment further provides a computer storage medium, where a computer-executable instruction is stored, and the computer-executable instruction can execute the method for early warning of disaster-caused interruption of layer activities in any method embodiment 1. The storage medium may be a magnetic Disk, an optical Disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a Flash Memory (Flash Memory), a Hard Disk (Hard Disk Drive, abbreviated as HDD), a Solid State Drive (SSD), or the like; the storage medium may also comprise a combination of memories of the kind described above.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
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