CN113283121B - Flow and capacity design method and system for molten salt heat storage industrial steam supply system - Google Patents
Flow and capacity design method and system for molten salt heat storage industrial steam supply system Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种熔盐储热工业供汽系统的流程及容量设计方法及系统,根据工业供汽电站最近一个自然年的平均深度调峰电负荷率、持续时间、以及对外供汽负荷统计值,确定边界参数;再通过性能试验手段获得工业供汽电站采用当前供汽方式下的电出力‑供汽负荷‑机组能效的关联特性,计算出工业供汽电站深度调峰时段供汽能力和目标供汽负荷的差值,以差值和持续时间各取x的余量,进行熔盐储热装置容量及工艺系统的设计。本发明符合工程现场实际,适用于工业供汽电站实施热、电灵活供应改造方案论证,具有广阔的应用前景。
The invention discloses a flow and capacity design method and system of a molten salt heat storage industrial steam supply system. According to the average deep peak load rate, duration, and external steam supply load statistics of the industrial steam supply power station in the latest natural year value, determine the boundary parameters; and then obtain the correlation characteristics of electric output-steam supply load-unit energy efficiency under the current steam supply mode of the industrial steam supply power station through performance tests, and calculate the steam supply capacity and For the difference of the target steam supply load, take the margin of x from the difference and the duration to design the capacity of the molten salt heat storage device and the process system. The invention conforms to the reality of the engineering site, is suitable for the demonstration of the transformation plan for the flexible supply of heat and electricity in the industrial steam supply power station, and has broad application prospects.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于储热系统流程及容量设计领域,涉及一种熔盐储热工业供汽系统的流程及容量设计方法及系统。The invention belongs to the field of flow and capacity design of a heat storage system, and relates to a process and capacity design method and system for a molten salt heat storage industrial steam supply system.
背景技术Background technique
随着双碳战略的逐步推进,电力能源结构转型升级速度加快,以风、光等具备时变特性的可再生能源将快速发展,成为电能的主要来源。传统火电优化自身定位,从电量主体向承担电网稳压、调峰、调频、托底保供等综合性服务主体转变,促进新能源电力的高比例消纳;与此同时,随着工业化和城市化进程的不断推进,工业蒸汽、居民采暖等集中用热需求快速增长。2015年到2020年,风、光装机占比由11.3%增加到24.31%,火电由65.9%下降到49.07%,平均利用小时数下降了7.3%,而集中供热面积增加了37.6%,要求火电机组向大热电比、高灵活性的方向发展。With the gradual advancement of the dual-carbon strategy, the transformation and upgrading of the power energy structure is accelerating, and renewable energy with time-varying characteristics such as wind and light will develop rapidly and become the main source of electric energy. Traditional thermal power optimizes its own positioning, transforms from the main body of electricity to the main body of comprehensive services such as power grid voltage regulation, peak regulation, frequency modulation, and bottom-line guarantee, and promotes a high proportion of new energy power consumption; at the same time, with industrialization and urban With the continuous advancement of the industrialization process, the demand for centralized heat such as industrial steam and residential heating has grown rapidly. From 2015 to 2020, the proportion of wind and light installed capacity increased from 11.3% to 24.31%, thermal power decreased from 65.9% to 49.07%, the average utilization hours decreased by 7.3%, and the central heating area increased by 37.6%. The unit is developing in the direction of large heat-to-electricity ratio and high flexibility.
受气候地理条件、工业产业结构等因素综合影响,一些地区集中用热以居民采暖为主,另一些地区以工业供汽居多。不同于以热水形式的居民采暖,工业供汽受用生产工艺、生产特性、管线长度等影响,工业供汽电站的厂界参数(压力、温度、流量)差异较大,且基本不受地域条件的影响。然而,工业供汽电站同样要参与电网深度调峰,但热电联产机组现有热电解耦技术诸如低压缸零出力、高低压旁路、热水储热、电极蓄热锅炉等均适用于居民采暖机组,工业供汽电站的保热调电需求几无成熟方案可供参考。Affected by climate and geographical conditions, industrial structure and other factors, in some areas the centralized heat consumption is mainly for residential heating, while in other areas the industrial steam supply is the majority. Different from residential heating in the form of hot water, industrial steam supply is affected by the production process, production characteristics, pipeline length, etc. The factory boundary parameters (pressure, temperature, flow) of industrial steam supply power stations vary greatly, and are basically not affected by geographical conditions. Impact. However, industrial steam supply power stations also need to participate in deep peak shaving of the power grid, but the existing thermoelectric decoupling technologies of cogeneration units, such as low-pressure cylinder zero output, high and low pressure bypass, hot water heat storage, electrode heat storage boilers, etc., are all applicable to residents Heating units and industrial steam supply power plants have few mature solutions for heat preservation and power regulation.
熔盐是性能优越的传热蓄热介质,尤其适用于高温条件,在太阳能光热发电和高温工业加热领域已获得普遍应用。熔盐蓄热应用于煤电机组宽负荷工业供汽,已有相关研究。Molten salt is an excellent heat transfer and heat storage medium, especially suitable for high temperature conditions, and has been widely used in the fields of solar thermal power generation and high temperature industrial heating. The application of molten salt heat storage to wide-load industrial steam supply for coal-fired power units has been studied.
文献1罗海华,张后雷,等。基于熔盐蓄热的亚临界火电机组工业供热调峰技术[J],暖通空调,2020调,提出了一套基于亚临界火电机组工业供热调峰的熔盐蓄热系统,利用再热蒸汽加热熔盐蓄热,在供热不足时通过熔盐加热除氧水产生工业蒸汽。热力分析表明,熔盐蓄放热系统可与火电机组热力系统的参数匹配,实现火电机组热电解耦。Literature 1 Luo Haihua, Zhang Houlei, et al. Industrial heating peak-shaving technology for subcritical thermal power units based on molten salt heat storage [J], HVAC, 2020, proposed a set of molten salt heat storage system based on subcritical thermal power unit industrial heating peak-shaving, using recycled The hot steam heats the molten salt to store heat, and when the heat supply is insufficient, the molten salt is used to heat the deoxygenated water to generate industrial steam. The thermal analysis shows that the molten salt heat storage and release system can match the parameters of the thermal system of the thermal power unit to realize the thermoelectric decoupling of the thermal power unit.
文献2范庆伟,居文平,等。基于储热过程的工业供汽机组热电解耦研究[J],汽轮机技术,2019技,针对工业供汽火电机组的热电解耦问题,提出了“多罐-多换热器”的新型储热系统,以600MW亚临界机组为例,根据储、放热过程中的热力学特性,分阶段设计不同阶段的蒸汽、熔盐的流量配比。计算结果表明,在储热过程中机组的能耗损失约为0.30g/(kW)汽、熔盐的流量配比。计在放热过程中,机组的能耗损失约为0.02g/(kW)汽、熔盐的流量配比。在储热过程中机组的能耗损失约为0.30g/(kW)损失约为流量配比。计算在放热过程中,机组的能耗损失约为0.02g/(kW)损失约为流量配MW。
文献3王惠杰,邢满江,等。基于Aspen Plus的供热机组与熔盐蓄热装置耦合系统分析[J],节能,2019组,根据熔盐蓄热装置和供热机组的耦合原理,提出2个系统的耦合方案,搭建了耦合系统的仿真模型,分析了该耦合系统的经济性和升负荷响应能力。计算结果发现,与原供热机组相比,耦合系统的热耗率在不同工况下分别升高了49.52kJ/(kW.5)、77.26kJ/(kW.2)、75.22kJ/(kW.2)和56.04kJ/(kW.0),供热机组负荷响应能力得到明显提升。
综合分析相关文献,现有研究多侧重于熔盐储热系统耦合煤电机组的热力系统性能建模、能耗变化、热-电运行域的变化等内容,鲜有涉及针对工业供汽电站保热调峰需求下的储热系统容量设计。Based on a comprehensive analysis of relevant literature, the existing research focuses on thermal system performance modeling, energy consumption changes, and changes in thermal-electrical operating domains of molten salt heat storage systems coupled with coal-fired power units. Capacity design of heat storage system under thermal peak shaving demand.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本发明的目的在于解决现有技术中的问题,提供一种熔盐储热工业供汽系统的流程及容量设计方法及系统。The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems in the prior art, and provide a flow and capacity design method and system of a molten salt heat storage industrial steam supply system.
为达到上述目的,本发明采用以下技术方案予以实现:In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions to achieve:
一种熔盐储热工业供汽系统的流程及容量设计方法,包括以下步骤:A process and capacity design method for a molten salt heat storage industrial steam supply system, comprising the following steps:
步骤1,统计工业供汽电站最近一个自然年的日平均深度调峰电负荷率α、持续时间t、以及对外供汽负荷Qg;Step 1. Statistics of the daily average deep peak load rate α, duration t, and external steam supply load Q g of the industrial steam supply power station in the latest natural year;
步骤2,通过性能试验得到工业供汽电站采用当前供汽方式的电出力Nge-供汽负荷Q-机组能效特性B的关联特性;
步骤3,根据最近一个自然年的日平均深度调峰电负荷率α、持续时间t、以及对外供汽负荷Qg以及当前供汽方式的电出力Nge-供汽负荷Q-机组能效特性B的关联特性设计熔盐储热工业供汽系统的流程及容量。
上述方法进一步的改进在于:The further improvement of the above method is:
所述最近一个自然年的日平均深度调峰电负荷率α如下:The daily average deep peak load rate α in the latest natural year is as follows:
式中,t为某个自然日的深度调峰小时总数,i为第i个深度调峰小时段;Nge,i为某个自然日第i个深度调峰小时段的平均电出力;m为工业供汽电站在最近一个自然年内参与深度调峰的自然天数,j为第j个深度调峰自然天;Nge,d为工业供汽电站铭牌电出力;In the formula, t is the total number of deep peak-shaving hours on a natural day, i is the i-th deep peak-shaving hour segment; N ge,i is the average power output of the i-th deep peak-shaving hour segment on a certain natural day; m is the natural number of days that the industrial steam supply power station participated in deep peak regulation in the latest natural year, j is the jth natural day of deep peak regulation; N ge,d is the nameplate power output of the industrial steam supply station;
最近一个自然年的日平均深度调峰小时总数t如下:The total number of daily average deep peak shaving hours t in the latest natural year is as follows:
式中,tj为第j个参与深度调峰自然天内的深度调峰小时数;In the formula, t j is the number of deep peak shaving hours in the jth natural day participating in deep peak shaving;
对外供汽负荷Qg如下:External steam supply load Q g is as follows:
式中,Qg,i为某个自然日第i个深度调峰小时段的平均供汽负荷。In the formula, Q g,i is the average steam supply load of the i-th deep peak-shaving hour period on a certain natural day.
统计时按运行小时取整、运行天数取整进行,机组正常运行不足一小时或不足一个自然天的,相关数据不予计入。The statistics are rounded according to the operating hours and the operating days. If the normal operation of the unit is less than one hour or less than one natural day, the relevant data will not be included.
所述电出力Nge-供汽负荷Q-机组能效特性B的关联特性按照以下方法得到:The correlation characteristics of the electric output Nge -steam supply load Q-unit energy efficiency characteristic B are obtained according to the following method:
通过现场性能测试,得出工业供汽电站对外供汽负荷Q随电出力Nge的关联特性如下:Through on-site performance tests, the correlation characteristics of the external steam supply load Q and power output N ge of the industrial steam supply power station are as follows:
Q={0,Qmax}={0,f1(Nge)} (4)Q={0,Q max }={0,f 1 (N ge )} (4)
式中,Qmax=f1(Nge),为电出力下的最大供汽负荷;In the formula, Q max = f 1 (N ge ), which is the maximum steam supply load under electric output;
对于给定的电出力,工业供汽电站对外供汽负荷Q在0和Qmax之间可调;For a given electric output, the external steam supply load Q of the industrial steam supply power station is adjustable between 0 and Q max ;
通过现场性能测试,得出工业供汽电站电出力Nge-供汽负荷Q-机组能效特性B的关联特性如下:Through the on-site performance test, the correlation characteristics of the electric output N ge of the industrial steam supply power station - the steam supply load Q - the energy efficiency characteristic B of the unit are as follows:
B=F1(Q,Nge) (5)B=F 1 (Q, N ge ) (5)
其中,F1为工业供汽电站电出力Nge-供汽负荷Q-机组能效特性B的关联式。Among them, F 1 is the correlation formula of the electric output N ge of the industrial steam supply power station - the steam supply load Q - the energy efficiency characteristic B of the unit.
所述流程按照以下方法设计:The process is designed according to the following method:
工业供汽电站采用热力循环某处抽汽外供方式满足外界需求时,从锅炉出口至中压缸入口前的热再蒸汽管道引汽,经阀门组进入工业供汽联箱后对外供出;低电负荷热再蒸汽压力不足时,通过中压缸入口前的进汽调节阀节流,以提升热再蒸汽压力和对外供汽流量;When the industrial steam supply power station adopts the method of extracting steam from a certain place in the thermal cycle to meet the external demand, the steam is introduced from the boiler outlet to the hot resteam pipeline before the entrance of the medium pressure cylinder, enters the industrial steam supply header through the valve group, and then is supplied to the outside; low When the heat resteam pressure of electric load is insufficient, throttling is performed through the steam inlet regulating valve in front of the inlet of the medium pressure cylinder to increase the heat resteam pressure and external steam supply flow;
高电负荷区间段,工业供汽电站热再抽汽在满足对外供汽后尚有余量时,抽取热再蒸汽作为熔盐储热系统的热源;低温熔盐储罐出口的低温熔盐经低温熔盐升压泵加压后,进入低温熔盐吸热器由热再蒸汽加热,升温后的高温熔盐进入高温熔盐储罐存储;热再蒸汽在低温熔盐吸热器放热后凝结为疏水,进入除氧器;此为储热过程,此时高温熔盐升压泵、供汽用升压泵停止运行,阀门组关闭;低温熔盐储罐内低温熔盐放空,高温熔盐储罐内储满高温熔盐,储热过程结束;In the interval of high electric load, when the heat re-extraction steam of the industrial steam supply power station meets the external steam supply and there is still a margin, the heat re-extraction steam is used as the heat source of the molten salt heat storage system; the low-temperature molten salt at the outlet of the low-temperature molten salt storage tank is passed After the low-temperature molten salt booster pump is pressurized, it enters the low-temperature molten salt heat absorber and is heated by hot re-steam, and the heated high-temperature molten salt enters the high-temperature molten salt storage tank for storage; Condensation becomes hydrophobic and enters the deaerator; this is the heat storage process, at this time, the high-temperature molten salt booster pump and the booster pump for steam supply stop running, and the valve group is closed; the low-temperature molten salt in the low-temperature molten salt storage tank is vented, and the high-temperature molten salt The salt storage tank is filled with high-temperature molten salt, and the heat storage process ends;
工业供汽电站低电负荷区间段,热力循环某处抽汽外供方式不满足外界需求时,熔盐储热系统进入放热状态,作为工业供汽的补充;阀门组开启,自前置泵出口取水,经供汽用升压泵加压后进入高温熔盐放热器;高温熔盐储罐出口的高温熔盐经高温熔盐升压泵加压后,进入高温熔盐放热器;在高温熔盐放热器,高温熔盐将前置泵出口给水加热至外界需求温度的过热蒸汽状态后,进入工业供汽联箱后对外供出;供汽用升压泵为电动变频配置,根据外界工业供汽需求压力和前置泵出口给水压力的差值调节运行频率,以控制对外供汽压力。In the low electric load section of the industrial steam supply power station, when the external steam extraction method in a certain part of the thermal cycle does not meet the external demand, the molten salt heat storage system enters the heat release state as a supplement to the industrial steam supply; the valve group is opened, and the front pump The water is taken from the outlet and enters the high-temperature molten salt radiator after being pressurized by the booster pump for steam supply; the high-temperature molten salt at the outlet of the high-temperature molten salt storage tank is pressurized by the high-temperature molten salt booster pump and then enters the high-temperature molten salt radiator; In the high-temperature molten salt heat radiator, the high-temperature molten salt heats the feed water at the outlet of the pre-pump to the superheated steam state of the external temperature, and then enters the industrial steam supply header and supplies it to the outside; the booster pump for steam supply is equipped with electric frequency conversion, according to The difference between the external industrial steam supply demand pressure and the water supply pressure at the outlet of the front pump adjusts the operating frequency to control the external steam supply pressure.
所述容量按照以下方法设计:The capacity is designed according to the following method:
根据式(4)确定工业供汽电站深度调峰状态下电负荷α×Nge,d下的最大供汽负荷Qα;According to formula (4), the maximum steam supply load Q α under the electric load α×N ge,d under the deep peak regulation state of the industrial steam supply power station is determined;
计算深度调峰状态下目标供汽负荷Qg和机组实际能力Qα的差值ΔQ:Calculate the difference ΔQ between the target steam supply load Q g and the actual capacity Q α of the unit in the state of deep peak regulation:
ΔQ=Qg-Qα (6)ΔQ= Qg - Qα (6)
根据持续时间t,按照储热系统供汽负荷ΔQ和一个完整的储-放热周期的运行时间分别取x余量,进行熔盐储热工业供汽系统的容量设计,以熔盐储罐内的容量总量Mmsa为表征,见式(7);熔盐储热工业供汽系统的最大对外供汽负荷按照(1+x)×ΔQ表征;According to the duration t, according to the steam supply load ΔQ of the heat storage system and the running time of a complete heat storage-discharge cycle, the x margin is taken respectively, and the capacity design of the industrial steam supply system for molten salt heat storage is carried out. The total capacity M msa is represented, see formula (7); the maximum external steam supply load of the industrial steam supply system for molten salt heat storage is characterized by (1+x)×ΔQ;
式中,hg、hgs、hhsa、hcsa分别为工业供汽焓值、前置泵出口给水焓值、高温熔盐存贮装置出口熔盐焓值、低温熔盐存储装置入口熔盐焓值;ηst为熔盐存贮装置为保证装置安全稳定运行的容量系数;In the formula, h g , h gs , h hsa , h csa are respectively the enthalpy value of industrial steam supply, the enthalpy value of water supply at the outlet of the pre-pump, the enthalpy value of molten salt at the outlet of the high-temperature molten salt storage device, and the molten salt at the inlet of the low-temperature molten salt storage device Enthalpy; η st is the capacity coefficient of the molten salt storage device to ensure the safe and stable operation of the device;
熔盐储热系统自储热-放热的一个完整周期内,因散热引起热量损失,以系数ηem表征,热源蒸汽流量mrh如下:In a complete cycle of the molten salt heat storage system from heat storage to heat release, the heat loss due to heat dissipation is characterized by the coefficient η em , and the steam flow m rh of the heat source is as follows:
mrh×(hrh-hss)=mmsa×(hhsa-hcsa)×(1+ηem) (8)m rh ×(h rh -h ss )=m msa ×(h hsa -h csa )×(1+η em ) (8)
按照(1+x)×mrh、Mmsa、(1+x)×mmsa流量及蒸汽、熔盐工质参数,进行熔盐储热系统的设备及管路系统设计,所述x为考虑因风光等可再生能源装机及发电量增量进一步增速导致燃煤工业供汽电站的深度调峰电负荷率进一步下降以及日平均深度调峰时间进一步增加,在熔盐储热系统的容量及运行时间设计时取的余量系数。According to (1+x)×m rh , M msa , (1+x)×m msa flow rate and parameters of steam and molten salt working medium, the equipment and piping system design of the molten salt heat storage system is carried out, and the x mentioned above is considered Due to the further increase in installed capacity and power generation of renewable energy such as wind and solar, the load rate of deep peak shaving power plants for coal-fired industrial steam supply power stations has further decreased and the daily average deep peak shaving time has further increased. The capacity of the molten salt heat storage system and Margin factor taken during runtime design.
所述余量系数x的确定方法如下:The method for determining the margin coefficient x is as follows:
调取燃煤工业供汽电站所在电网的风光等可再生能源的近五年的平均利用小时数据,H1、H2、H3、H4、H5;按式(9)计算平均利用小时数增加率y:Retrieve the average utilization hours data of renewable energy such as wind and wind in the power grid where the coal-fired industrial steam supply power station is located in the past five years, H 1 , H 2 , H 3 , H 4 , H 5 ; calculate the average utilization hours according to formula (9) Number increase rate y:
以增设熔盐储热系统的当年为基准年,计入未来三年的深度调峰负荷率及持续时间增量,按式(10)计算第四年的机组深度调峰电负荷Nge-f:Taking the year when the molten salt heat storage system is added as the base year, taking into account the deep peak load rate and duration increment of the next three years, calculate the deep peak load N ge-f of the unit in the fourth year according to formula (10) :
Nge-f=α×Nge-d×(1-y)3 (10)N ge-f =α×N ge-d ×(1-y) 3 (10)
根据式(4)计算基准年深度调峰电负荷α×Nge,d和第四年的机组深度调峰电负荷Nge-f的最大供汽能力差值ΔQy,并计算余量系数x:According to formula (4), calculate the maximum steam supply capacity difference ΔQ y between the deep peak-shaving electric load α×N ge,d in the base year and the deep peak-shaving electric load N ge-f of the unit in the fourth year, and calculate the margin coefficient x :
一种熔盐储热工业供汽系统的流程及容量设计系统,包括:A process and capacity design system for a molten salt heat storage industrial steam supply system, including:
数据统计模块,所述数据统计模块用于统计工业供汽电站最近一个自然年的日平均深度调峰电负荷率α、持续时间t、以及对外供汽负荷Qg;A data statistics module, the data statistics module is used to count the daily average deep peak load rate α, the duration t, and the external steam supply load Q g of the industrial steam supply power station in the last natural year;
关联特性计算模块,所述关联特性计算模块通过性能试验得到工业供汽电站采用当前供汽方式的电出力Nge-供汽负荷Q-机组能效特性B的关联特性;A correlation characteristic calculation module, the correlation characteristic calculation module obtains the correlation characteristics of the electric output Nge -steam supply load Q-unit energy efficiency characteristic B of the current steam supply mode adopted by the industrial steam supply power station through a performance test;
流程及容量设计模块,所述流程及容量设计模块根据最近一个自然年的日平均深度调峰电负荷率α、持续时间t、以及对外供汽负荷Qg以及当前供汽方式的电出力Nge-供汽负荷Q-机组能效特性B的关联特性设计熔盐储热工业供汽系统的流程及容量。Process and capacity design module, the process and capacity design module is based on the daily average deep peaking electric load rate α, duration t, external steam supply load Q g and electric output N ge of the current steam supply mode in the latest natural year -Steam supply load Q-the correlation characteristics of unit energy efficiency characteristics B Design the flow and capacity of molten salt heat storage industrial steam supply system.
一种终端设备,包括存储器、处理器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序,所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现如上述方法的步骤。A terminal device includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and operable on the processor, and the processor implements the steps of the above method when executing the computer program.
一种计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如上述方法的步骤。A computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above-mentioned method are realized.
与现有技术相比,本发明具有以下有益效果:Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:
本发明根据工业供汽电站最近一个自然年的平均深度调峰电负荷率、持续时间、以及对外供汽负荷统计值,确定边界参数;再通过性能试验手段获得工业供汽电站采用当前供汽方式下的电出力-供汽负荷-机组能效的关联特性,计算出工业供汽电站深度调峰时段供汽能力和目标供汽负荷的差值;以供汽能力差值和持续时间各取x的余量,进行熔盐储热装置容量及工艺系统的设计。本发明符合工程现场实际,适用于工业供汽电站实施热、电灵活供应改造方案论证,具有广阔的应用前景。The present invention determines the boundary parameters according to the average deep peak load rate, duration, and external steam supply load statistics of the last natural year of the industrial steam supply power station; and then obtains the current steam supply mode of the industrial steam supply power station through performance testing means According to the correlation characteristics of power output-steam supply load-unit energy efficiency, the difference between the steam supply capacity and the target steam supply load of the industrial steam supply power station during the deep peak regulation period is calculated; the steam supply capacity difference and the duration are respectively taken as x Surplus, carry out the design of molten salt heat storage device capacity and process system. The invention conforms to the reality of the engineering site, is suitable for the demonstration of the transformation plan for the flexible supply of heat and electricity in the industrial steam supply power station, and has broad application prospects.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚的说明本发明实施例的技术方案,下面将对实施例中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍,应当理解,以下附图仅示出了本发明的某些实施例,因此不应被看作是对范围的限定,对于本领域普通技术人员来讲,在不付出创造性劳动的前提下,还可以根据这些附图获得其他相关的附图。In order to illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention more clearly, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention, and thus It should be regarded as a limitation on the scope, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other related drawings based on these drawings without creative work.
图1为本发明熔盐储热工业供汽系统的流程及容量的设计方法流程图。Fig. 1 is a flow chart of the process flow and capacity design method of the molten salt heat storage industrial steam supply system of the present invention.
图2为本发明熔盐储热工业供汽系统的结构图。Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the molten salt heat storage industrial steam supply system of the present invention.
其中:1-锅炉,2-高压缸,3-中压缸,4-低压缸,5-凝汽器,6-凝结水泵,7-低圧加热器组,8-除氧器,9-前置泵,10-给水泵,11-高压加热器组,12-高温熔盐储罐,13-高温熔盐升压泵,14-高温熔盐放热器,15-低温熔盐储罐,16-低温熔盐升压泵,17-低温熔盐吸热器,18-供汽用升压泵,19-工业供汽联箱,20-进汽调节阀,21~23-阀门组。Among them: 1-boiler, 2-high pressure cylinder, 3-medium pressure cylinder, 4-low pressure cylinder, 5-condenser, 6-condensate pump, 7-low pressure heater group, 8-deaerator, 9-front Pump, 10-feed water pump, 11-high pressure heater group, 12-high temperature molten salt storage tank, 13-high temperature molten salt booster pump, 14-high temperature molten salt radiator, 15-low temperature molten salt storage tank, 16- Low-temperature molten salt booster pump, 17-low-temperature molten salt heat absorber, 18-boost pump for steam supply, 19-industrial steam supply header, 20-inlet steam regulating valve, 21-23-valve group.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为使本发明实施例的目的、技术方案和优点更加清楚,下面将结合本发明实施例中的附图,对本发明实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述,显然,所描述的实施例是本发明一部分实施例,而不是全部的实施例。通常在此处附图中描述和示出的本发明实施例的组件可以以各种不同的配置来布置和设计。In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments It is a part of embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a variety of different configurations.
因此,以下对在附图中提供的本发明的实施例的详细描述并非旨在限制要求保护的本发明的范围,而是仅仅表示本发明的选定实施例。基于本发明中的实施例,本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例,都属于本发明保护的范围。Accordingly, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely represents selected embodiments of the invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
应注意到:相似的标号和字母在下面的附图中表示类似项,因此,一旦某一项在一个附图中被定义,则在随后的附图中不需要对其进行进一步定义和解释。It should be noted that like numerals and letters denote similar items in the following figures, therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not require further definition and explanation in subsequent figures.
在本发明实施例的描述中,需要说明的是,若出现术语“上”、“下”、“水平”、“内”等指示的方位或位置关系为基于附图所示的方位或位置关系,或者是该发明产品使用时惯常摆放的方位或位置关系,仅是为了便于描述本发明和简化描述,而不是指示或暗示所指的装置或元件必须具有特定的方位、以特定的方位构造和操作,因此不能理解为对本发明的限制。此外,术语“第一”、“第二”等仅用于区分描述,而不能理解为指示或暗示相对重要性。In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "horizontal", "inside" etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings , or the orientation or positional relationship that the product of the invention is usually placed in use is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation or be constructed in a specific orientation and operation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention. In addition, the terms "first", "second", etc. are only used for distinguishing descriptions, and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
此外,若出现术语“水平”,并不表示要求部件绝对水平,而是可以稍微倾斜。如“水平”仅仅是指其方向相对“竖直”而言更加水平,并不是表示该结构一定要完全水平,而是可以稍微倾斜。In addition, when the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the part is required to be absolutely horizontal, but may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and it does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly inclined.
在本发明实施例的描述中,还需要说明的是,除非另有明确的规定和限定,若出现术语“设置”、“安装”、“相连”、“连接”应做广义理解,例如,可以是固定连接,也可以是可拆卸连接,或一体地连接;可以是机械连接,也可以是电连接;可以是直接相连,也可以通过中间媒介间接相连,可以是两个元件内部的连通。对于本领域的普通技术人员而言,可以根据具体情况理解上述术语在本发明中的具体含义。In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise specified and limited, the terms "setting", "installation", "connection" and "connection" should be interpreted in a broad sense, for example, It can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediary, and it can be the internal communication of two components. Those of ordinary skill in the art can understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention according to specific situations.
下面结合附图对本发明做进一步详细描述:The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing:
参见图1,本发明实施例公开了一种熔盐储热工业供汽系统的流程及容量设计方法,包括以下步骤:Referring to Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention discloses a flow and capacity design method of a molten salt heat storage industrial steam supply system, including the following steps:
步骤1、基础数据统计与整理。统计工业供汽电站最近一个自然年的日平均深度调峰电负荷率α、持续时间t、以及对外供汽负荷Qg。Step 1. Basic data statistics and sorting. Calculate the daily average deep peak load rate α, duration t, and external steam supply load Q g of industrial steam supply power stations in the latest natural year.
按运行小时取整、运行天数取整进行统计,其中机组正常运行不足一小时或不足一个自然天的,相关数据不予计入。The statistics are rounded up according to the running hours and the running days, and the relevant data will not be included if the normal operation of the unit is less than one hour or less than one natural day.
最近一个自然年的日平均深度调峰电负荷率α见式(1)。See formula (1) for the daily average deep peak load rate α in the most recent natural year.
式中,t为某个自然日的深度调峰小时总数,i为第i个深度调峰小时段。Nge,i为某个自然日第i个深度调峰小时段的平均电出力,MW。In the formula, t is the total number of deep peak shaving hours on a certain natural day, and i is the ith deep peak shaving hour period. N ge,i is the average power output of the i-th deep peak-shaving hour on a natural day, MW.
m为工业供汽电站在最近一个自然年内参与深度调峰的自然天数,j为第j各深度调峰自然天。Nge,d为工业供汽电站铭牌电出力,MW。m is the number of natural days that the industrial steam supply power station participated in deep peak regulation in the latest natural year, and j is the natural day of the jth deep peak regulation. N ge,d is the power output on the nameplate of the industrial steam supply power station, MW.
最近一个自然年的日平均深度调峰小时数t见式(2)。See formula (2) for the daily average deep peak shaving hours t in the most recent natural year.
式中,tj为第j个参与深度调峰自然天内的深度调峰小时数。In the formula, t j is the number of deep peak shaving hours in the jth natural day participating in deep peak shaving.
对外供汽负荷Qg按式(3)进行确定。External steam supply load Q g is determined according to formula (3).
式中,Qg,i为某个自然日第i个深度调峰小时段的平均供汽负荷,t/h。In the formula, Q g,i is the average steam supply load of the i-th deep peak-shaving hour on a certain natural day, t/h.
步骤2、通过性能试验的手段得出工业供汽电站采用当前供汽方式的电出力Nge-供汽负荷Q-机组能效特性B的关联特性。
工业供汽电站在电出力Nge和对外供汽负荷Q的电热双供应条件下,机组所消耗的燃料总量,可反映热力循环的整体能效,以标煤消耗量B指征。Under the dual supply conditions of electricity output N ge and external steam supply load Q in the industrial steam supply power station, the total amount of fuel consumed by the unit can reflect the overall energy efficiency of the thermal cycle, which is indicated by the standard coal consumption B.
通过现场性能测试的技术手段,得出工业供汽电站对外供汽负荷Q随电出力Nge的关联特性,见式(4)。Through the technical means of on-site performance testing, the correlation characteristics of the external steam supply load Q of the industrial steam supply power station with the power output N ge are obtained, see formula (4).
Q={0,Qmax}={0,f1(Nge)} (4)Q={0,Q max }={0,f 1 (N ge )} (4)
式中,Qmax=f1(Nge),为电出力下的最大供汽负荷,t/h。In the formula, Q max = f 1 (N ge ), which is the maximum steam supply load under electric output, t/h.
对于给定的电出力,工业供汽电站对外供汽负荷Q在0和Qmax之间可调。For a given electric output, the external steam supply load Q of the industrial steam supply power station is adjustable between 0 and Q max .
通过现场性能测试的技术手段,得出工业供汽电站电出力Nge-供汽负荷Q-机组能效特性B的关联特性,见式(5)。Through the technical means of on-site performance test, the correlation characteristics of electric output N ge of industrial steam supply power station - steam supply load Q - unit energy efficiency characteristic B are obtained, see formula (5).
B=F1(Q,Nge) (5)B=F 1 (Q, N ge ) (5)
步骤3、进行熔盐储热工业供汽系统的流程及容量设计。
1)流程设计1) Process design
如图2所示,工业供汽电站采用热力循环某处抽汽外供方式满足外界需求时,从锅炉1出口至中压缸3入口前的热再蒸汽管道引汽,经阀门组22进入工业供汽联箱19后对外供出。低电负荷热再蒸汽压力不足时,通过中压缸3入口前的进汽调节阀20节流,以提升热再蒸汽压力和对外供汽流量。As shown in Figure 2, when the industrial steam supply power station adopts the method of extracting steam from a certain place in the thermal cycle to meet external demand, steam is introduced from the hot resteam pipeline from the outlet of the boiler 1 to the inlet of the medium-
高电负荷区间段,工业供汽电站热再抽汽在满足对外供汽后尚有余量时,抽取热再蒸汽作为熔盐储热系统的热源。低温熔盐储罐15出口的低温熔盐经低温熔盐升压泵16加压后,进入低温熔盐吸热器17由热再蒸汽加热,升温后的高温熔盐进入高温熔盐储罐12存储。热再蒸汽在低温熔盐吸热器17放热后凝结为疏水,进入除氧器8。此为储热过程,此时高温熔盐升压泵13、供汽用升压泵18停止运行,阀门组23关闭。低温熔盐储罐15内低温熔盐放空,高温熔盐储罐12内储满高温熔盐,储热过程结束。In the interval of high electric load, when the heat re-extraction steam of the industrial steam supply power station meets the external steam supply and there is still a margin, the heat re-extraction steam is extracted as the heat source of the molten salt heat storage system. The low-temperature molten salt at the outlet of the low-temperature molten
工业供汽电站低电负荷区间段,热力循环某处抽汽外供方式不满足外界需求时,熔盐储热系统进入放热状态,作为工业供汽的补充。阀门组23开启,自前置泵9出口取水,经供汽用升压泵18加压后进入高温熔盐放热器14。高温熔盐储罐13出口的高温熔盐经高温熔盐升压泵13加压后,进入高温熔盐放热器14。在高温熔盐放热器14,高温熔盐将前置泵9出口给水加热至外界需求温度的过热蒸汽状态后,进入工业供汽联箱19后对外供出。供汽用升压泵18为电动变频配置,根据外界工业供汽需求压力和前置泵9出口给水压力的差值调节运行频率,以控制对外供汽压力。In the low electric load section of the industrial steam supply power station, when the external supply method of steam extraction somewhere in the thermal cycle does not meet the external demand, the molten salt heat storage system enters the heat release state as a supplement for industrial steam supply. The
2)容量设计2) Capacity design
根据式(4)确定工业供汽电站深度调峰状态下电负荷α×Nge,d下的最大供汽负荷Qα。According to formula (4), the maximum steam supply load Q α under the electric load α×N ge,d under the deep peak regulation state of the industrial steam supply power station is determined.
计算深度调峰状态下目标供汽负荷Qg和机组实际能力Qα的差值ΔQ,见式(6)。Calculate the difference ΔQ between the target steam supply load Q g and the actual capacity Q α of the unit in the state of deep peak regulation, see formula (6).
ΔQ=Qg-Qα (6)ΔQ= Qg - Qα (6)
根据持续时间t,按照储热系统供汽负荷ΔQ和一个完整的储-放热周期的运行时间分别取余量系数x,进行熔盐储热工业供汽系统的容量设计,以熔盐储罐内的容量总量Mmsa为表征,见式(7)。熔盐储热工业供汽系统的最大对外供汽负荷按照(1+x)×ΔQ表征。According to the duration t, the margin coefficient x is taken according to the steam supply load ΔQ of the heat storage system and the running time of a complete heat storage-discharge cycle, and the capacity design of the industrial steam supply system for molten salt heat storage is carried out. The total amount of capacity M msa in is characterized, see formula (7). The maximum external steam supply load of molten salt heat storage industrial steam supply system is characterized by (1+x)×ΔQ.
式中,hg、hgs、hhsa、hcsa分别为工业供汽焓值、前置泵出口给水焓值、高温熔盐存贮装置出口熔盐焓值、低温熔盐存储装置入口熔盐焓值,kJ/kg。In the formula, h g , h gs , h hsa , h csa are respectively the enthalpy value of industrial steam supply, the enthalpy value of water supply at the outlet of the pre-pump, the enthalpy value of molten salt at the outlet of the high-temperature molten salt storage device, and the molten salt at the inlet of the low-temperature molten salt storage device Enthalpy, kJ/kg.
ηst为熔盐存贮装置为保证装置安全稳定运行的容量系数,由熔盐存贮装置设计制造厂家提供。η st is the capacity coefficient of the molten salt storage device to ensure the safe and stable operation of the device, which is provided by the design and manufacturer of the molten salt storage device.
x为考虑因风光等可再生能源装机及发电量增量进一步增速导致燃煤工业供汽电站的深度调峰电负荷率进一步下降以及日平均深度调峰时间进一步增加,在熔盐储热系统的容量及运行时间设计时取的余量系数,确定方法如下:x In order to consider the further decline in the deep peak load rate of the coal-fired industrial steam supply power station and the further increase of the daily average deep peak shaving time due to the further increase in the installed capacity of renewable energy such as wind and electricity and the further increase in power generation, the molten salt heat storage system The capacity and the margin factor taken during the design of the running time are determined as follows:
调取燃煤工业供汽电站所在电网的风光等可再生能源的近五年的平均利用小时数据,H1、H2、H3、H4、H5。按式(8)计算平均利用小时数增加率y,Get the average utilization hour data of renewable energy such as wind and wind in the power grid where the coal-fired industrial steam supply power station is located in the past five years, H 1 , H 2 , H 3 , H 4 , H 5 . Calculate the average utilization hours increase rate y according to formula (8),
以增设熔盐储热系统的当年为基准年,计入未来三年的深度调峰负荷率及持续时间增量,按式(9)计算第四年的机组深度调峰电负荷Nge-f,Taking the year when the molten salt heat storage system is added as the base year, taking into account the deep peak load rate and duration increment of the next three years, calculate the deep peak load N ge-f of the unit in the fourth year according to formula (9) ,
Nge-f=α×Nge-d×(1-y)3 (9)N ge-f =α×N ge-d ×(1-y) 3 (9)
根据式(4)计算基准年深度调峰电负荷α×Nge,d和第四年的机组深度调峰电负荷Nge-f的最大供汽能力差值ΔQy,并计算余量系数x,见式(10)。According to formula (4), calculate the maximum steam supply capacity difference ΔQ y between the deep peak-shaving electric load α×N ge,d in the base year and the deep peak-shaving electric load N ge-f of the unit in the fourth year, and calculate the margin coefficient x , see formula (10).
平均利用小时数变化综合指征了风光等可再生能源装机及发电量增量对燃煤机组的影响量,因此本发明提供的余量指标具有代表性和现场符合性。The change in the average utilization hours comprehensively indicates the influence of the installed capacity of renewable energy such as wind and solar energy and the increase in power generation on the coal-fired unit. Therefore, the margin index provided by the present invention is representative and conforms to the site.
一个完整的储-放热周期内,熔盐作为热载体,将热再蒸汽热量传递给工业供汽的时间转移过程中,熔盐存贮装置及辅助系统的工质温度远高于环境气温,故产生散热损失,以系数ηem表征。热源蒸汽流量mrh按式(11)计算。In a complete heat storage-release cycle, molten salt is used as a heat carrier to transfer heat from steam to industrial steam supply. During the time transfer process, the temperature of the working fluid in the molten salt storage device and auxiliary systems is much higher than the ambient temperature. Therefore, heat loss is generated, which is characterized by the coefficient η em . Heat source steam flow rate m rh is calculated according to formula (11).
mrh×(hrh-hss)=mmsa×(hhsa-hcsa)×(1+ηem) (11)m rh ×(h rh -h ss )=m msa ×(h hsa -h csa )×(1+η em ) (11)
hrh、hss分别为进入低温熔盐吸热器17的热再蒸汽焓值以及出低温熔盐吸热器17的疏水焓值,kJ/kg。h rh , h ss are the resteam enthalpy entering the low-temperature molten
按照(1+x)×mrh、Mmsa、(1+x)×mmsa流量及蒸汽、熔盐等工质参数,进行熔盐储热系统的设备及管路系统设计。According to (1+x)×m rh , M msa , (1+x)×m msa flow rate and steam, molten salt and other working medium parameters, the equipment and piping system design of the molten salt heat storage system is carried out.
本发明实施例公开了一种终端设备,包括存储器、处理器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序,所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现如上述方法的步骤。The embodiment of the present invention discloses a terminal device, including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and operable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the above method is implemented. A step of.
本发明实施例提供的终端设备。该实施例的终端设备包括:处理器、存储器以及存储在所述存储器中并可在所述处理器上运行的计算机程序。所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现上述各个方法实施例中的步骤。或者,所述处理器执行所述计算机程序时实现上述各装置实施例中各模块/单元的功能。A terminal device provided by an embodiment of the present invention. The terminal device in this embodiment includes: a processor, a memory, and a computer program stored in the memory and operable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the steps in the foregoing method embodiments are implemented. Alternatively, when the processor executes the computer program, the functions of the modules/units in the above device embodiments are realized.
所述计算机程序可以被分割成一个或多个模块/单元,所述一个或者多个模块/单元被存储在所述存储器中,并由所述处理器执行,以完成本发明。The computer program may be divided into one or more modules/units, which are stored in the memory and executed by the processor to implement the present invention.
所述终端设备可以是桌上型计算机、笔记本、掌上电脑及云端服务器等计算设备。所述终端设备可包括,但不仅限于,处理器、存储器。The terminal device may be computing devices such as desktop computers, notebooks, palmtop computers, and cloud servers. The terminal device may include, but not limited to, a processor and a memory.
所述处理器可以是中央处理单元(CentralProcessingUnit,CPU),还可以是其他通用处理器、数字信号处理器(DigitalSignalProcessor,DSP)、专用集成电路(ApplicationSpecificIntegratedCircuit,ASIC)、现成可编程门阵列(Field-ProgrammableGateArray,FPGA)或者其他可编程逻辑器件、分立门或者晶体管逻辑器件、分立硬件组件等。The processor can be a central processing unit (Central Processing Unit, CPU), and can also be other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (Digital Signal Processor, DSP), application specific integrated circuits (Application Specific Integrated Circuit, ASIC), off-the-shelf programmable gate arrays (Field- ProgrammableGateArray, FPGA) or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc.
所述存储器可用于存储所述计算机程序和/或模块,所述处理器通过运行或执行存储在所述存储器内的计算机程序和/或模块,以及调用存储在存储器内的数据,实现所述终端设备的各种功能。The memory can be used to store the computer programs and/or modules, and the processor implements the terminal by running or executing the computer programs and/or modules stored in the memory and calling the data stored in the memory various functions of the device.
本发明实施例公开了一种计算机可读存储介质,所述计算机可读存储介质存储有计算机程序,其特征在于,所述计算机程序被处理器执行时实现如上述方法的步骤。The embodiment of the present invention discloses a computer-readable storage medium, the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and it is characterized in that, when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps of the above method are realized.
所述终端设备集成的模块/单元如果以软件功能单元的形式实现并作为独立的产品销售或使用时,可以存储在一个计算机可读取存储介质中。基于这样的理解,本发明实现上述实施例方法中的全部或部分流程,也可以通过计算机程序来指令相关的硬件来完成,所述的计算机程序可存储于一计算机可读存储介质中,该计算机程序在被处理器执行时,可实现上述各个方法实施例的步骤。其中,所述计算机程序包括计算机程序代码,所述计算机程序代码可以为源代码形式、对象代码形式、可执行文件或某些中间形式等。所述计算机可读介质可以包括:能够携带所述计算机程序代码的任何实体或装置、记录介质、U盘、移动硬盘、磁碟、光盘、计算机存储器、只读存储器(ROM,Read-OnlyMemory)、随机存取存储器(RAM,RandomAccessMemory)、电载波信号、电信信号以及软件分发介质等。需要说明的是,所述计算机可读介质包含的内容可以根据司法管辖区内立法和专利实践的要求进行适当的增减,例如在某些司法管辖区,根据立法和专利实践,计算机可读介质不包括电载波信号和电信信号。If the integrated modules/units of the terminal equipment are realized in the form of software function units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present invention realizes all or part of the processes in the methods of the above embodiments, and can also be completed by instructing related hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, and the computer When the program is executed by the processor, the steps in the above-mentioned various method embodiments can be realized. Wherein, the computer program includes computer program code, and the computer program code may be in the form of source code, object code, executable file or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium may include: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code, a recording medium, a U disk, a removable hard disk, a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a computer memory, a read-only memory (ROM, Read-OnlyMemory), Random access memory (RAM, RandomAccessMemory), electric carrier signal, telecommunication signal and software distribution medium, etc. It should be noted that the content contained in the computer-readable medium may be appropriately increased or decreased according to the requirements of legislation and patent practice in the jurisdiction. For example, in some jurisdictions, computer-readable media Excludes electrical carrier signals and telecommunication signals.
以上仅为本发明的优选实施例而已,并不用于限制本发明,对于本领域的技术人员来说,本发明可以有各种更改和变化。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. For those skilled in the art, the present invention may have various modifications and changes. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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