CN113281746B - Marine environment noise field forecasting method based on two-dimensional wave height distribution - Google Patents
Marine environment noise field forecasting method based on two-dimensional wave height distribution Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A marine environment noise field forecasting method based on two-dimensional wave height distribution relates to the field of marine environment noise monitoring. Aiming at the problems that the non-uniform distribution condition of a sea surface wave noise source is lacked in the sea environment noise field forecasting, the existing wave noise forecasting is based on the effective wave height obtained by a single-point station, a large-scale mode or a wave spectrum, the large-range and high-resolution noise source intensity distribution calculation cannot be obtained, and the like, the sea environment noise field forecasting method based on the two-dimensional wave height distribution is provided. 1) And (4) preprocessing sea surface effective wave height data of the synthetic aperture radar. 2) And calculating the sound source intensity distribution of the two-dimensional effective wave height. 3) And calculating the intensity distribution of the noise field of the three-dimensional marine environment. The method comprises the steps of acquiring high-resolution two-dimensional effective wave height information by using a synthetic aperture radar, calculating two-dimensional intensity distribution of a wave height sound source, calculating intensity distribution of a three-dimensional sound field according to a sound propagation model, realizing prediction of a marine environment noise field generated by waves, and providing a high-resolution prediction result which is more in line with actual conditions theoretically.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of marine environment noise monitoring, in particular to a marine environment noise field forecasting method based on two-dimensional wave height distribution.
Background
Sound wave is the only effective information carrier in sea water, and is one of the important means for monitoring sea (Wander Showa, Shang Er Chang, water acoustics [ M ], Beijing: scientific publishing Co., 2013). The marine underwater acoustic environment of the acoustic wave propagation channel is an extremely complex time-varying and space-varying random channel, and one of the very important acoustic characteristics is marine environmental noise (Guo Xinyi, Lifan, Tieguanpeng, horse power, research development summary and application prospect [ M ], physics [ 2014 ]). Marine environmental noise is a ubiquitous and undesirable background sound field in marine environments and is a major factor limiting the performance of master and passive sonars (american national research council's potential impact research council (treatise) on marine mammals by marine environmental noise, yangming (interpretation), marine noise and mammals [ M ], beijing: marine press, 2010.). The practical military application requirement is one of the research hotspots in the field of marine acoustics (Bujoh-Si-LM. marine acoustics [ M ]. Shandong Marine academy Marine physics system, acoustic research institute of Chinese academy of sciences, translation of hydroacoustic research laboratory. Beijing: scientific Press, 1983: 478-. After two war, Knudsen (Knudsen V O, Alford R S, embedding J W. Under-water activity noise [ J ] J. Mar Res., 1948; 7: 410-; thereafter, marine environmental Noise effects of ships, marine life, turbulence, etc. were supplemented, wherein Wenz (Wenz G M. academic environmental Noise in the Ocean: Spectra and Sources [ J ]. J. Acoust. Soc. am., 1962; 34(12): 1936-. In 1984, Urick (Urick R J. environmental noise in the Sea [ M ]. Washington: Published by underease wave Technology Office, Naval Sea Systems Command, Department of the Navy,1984) performed a systematic overview of the study of marine environmental noise from the aspects of the source characteristics, variation characteristics, directivity, coherence of marine environmental noise, and the dependence of marine environmental noise on the reception depth. In 2011, Carey and Evans (Carey W M, Evans R B. ocean environmental noise: measurement and the same. sponsored by Office of Naval Research, Published by spring, 2011) systematically summarize and discuss the Research on the marine environmental noise from aspects of the marine environmental noise generation mechanism, numerical simulation, measurement Research and the like. Theoretical modeling and numerical prediction of marine environmental noise are also very important Research directions, and Cron proposed the classic model of sea surface environmental noise (Cron B F, Sherman C H.spatial-correlation function for the variant models of sea surface noise [ J ]. J.Acoust.Soc.Am., 1962; 34(11):1732-1736), the fluctuation model of stratified sea proposed by Kuperman and Ingenito (Kuperman W A, Ingenito F.Spatial correlation of surface-generated noise in affected area [ J ]. J.Acoust.Soc.Am.1980,67(6):1988-1996), the ray acoustic model proposed by Harrison C.C.C.C.coefficient of noise model of sea environment noise [ 1997 ] and the numerical prediction model of sea surface noise [ 51.1997 ] R.R.S. model, and No. 3. model of noise model, and No. 3. model of sea surface noise [ 51. D ] (R.S. 3). Piyush et al (Assembly, P., et al. nutritional information model based on Sea surface temperature [ J ]. The Journal of The economic Society of America,2016,140(5): 452-. There are also many works in the research of marine environmental noise in China, mainly shallow Sea marine environmental noise characteristic research (lipaihui. shallow Sea aeolian marine environmental noise field spatial structure and seabed parameter inversion research [ D ]. China marine university, Master academic paper, 2004), marine environmental noise source characteristic research (li whole forest, penghui, he li. marine environmental noise source level empirical formula correction [ J ] acoustic technology, 2010,29(6), pt.2:36-37), modeling and forecasting research of marine environmental noise (Jiang, D., et al.
Sea surface wave noise sources are spatially non-uniformly distributed and are the main stable source of background noise fields. The existing noise model is mainly established by utilizing effective wave height information or numerical prediction results obtained by buoys, ships or observation stations near a noise measurement system, although the data precision of field measurement is high, the existing noise model is limited by sea areas, measurement periods, cost investment and the like, and is difficult to realize large-scale observation; in the existing noise estimation model, it is assumed that sea surface sound sources are uniformly distributed, that is, the sound sources in a region of several tens of kilometers have the same intensity, and a sound source observation value at a single position represents an observation result of the whole region, which is not strict in theory and has limited estimation result precision.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for forecasting a noise field of an ocean environment based on two-dimensional wave height distribution, aiming at the problems that the non-uniform distribution condition of sea surface wave noise sources is lacked in the forecasting of the noise field of the ocean environment, the existing wave noise forecasting is based on the effective wave height obtained by a single-point station position, a large-scale mode or a wave spectrum, the large-scale and high-resolution noise source intensity distribution calculation cannot be obtained, and the like.
The invention comprises the following steps:
1) preprocessing sea surface effective wave height data of the synthetic aperture radar;
in step 1), the specific method for preprocessing the sea surface significant wave height data of the synthetic aperture radar may be: and marking null values and illegal values in the sea surface effective wave height data of the synthetic aperture radar, and assigning values to the marked grids by adopting a nearest neighbor interpolation algorithm to obtain a high-resolution two-dimensional effective wave height field Hs (x, y), wherein (x, y) are coordinates of the effective wave height grid units of the synthetic aperture radar.
2) Calculating the intensity distribution of the sound source with the two-dimensional effective wave height;
in step 2), the specific method for calculating the sound source intensity distribution of the two-dimensional effective wave height may be: and (2) substituting Hs (x, y) into the formula (1) by using the two-dimensional effective wave height field Hs (x, y) obtained in the step 1) and adopting a calculation model (formula (1)) of the effective wave height noise sound source level to obtain the distribution I (x, y) of the noise source intensity.
Wherein, SL is the noise source level, f is the frequency, and the unit is: hz, U is the wind speed, in units: m/s.
3) Calculating the intensity distribution of the three-dimensional marine environment noise field;
in step 3), the specific method for calculating the intensity distribution of the three-dimensional marine environment noise field may be: calculating the intensity P of the three-dimensional complex sound field radiated outwards by each unit in the I (x, y) by using the intensity distribution of the noise source obtained in the step 2) and adopting a ray model in the classical sound propagation theory n→k (x n ,y n ,x k ,y k ,z k ) Wherein (x) n ,y n ) Is the position coordinate of the nth sound source, (x) k ,y k ,z k ) Is the coordinates of the kth position in three-dimensional space by comparing each position (x) in three-dimensional space k ,y k ,z k ) Summing the complex sound fields to obtain the intensity P (x) of the three-dimensional noise field k ,y k ,z k ) And forecasting the noise field of the marine environment is realized.
The method aims at forecasting the marine environment noise field, obtains the noise source intensity of two-dimensional non-uniformly distributed effective wave heights by utilizing the capability of a synthetic aperture radar for observing high-resolution two-dimensional effective wave heights, calculates the sound field intensity distribution by adopting a classical sound propagation model, and forecasts the marine environment noise field generated by waves, and specifically comprises the following steps:
1. and (4) preprocessing sea surface effective wave height data of the synthetic aperture radar.
2. And calculating the sound source intensity of the two-dimensional effective wave height.
3. And calculating the intensity distribution of the noise field of the three-dimensional marine environment.
The invention provides a method for forecasting a marine environment noise field based on two-dimensional effective wave height, aiming at solving the problem of wave sound source intensity distribution calculation in the forecasting of the marine environment noise field.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a preprocessed sea surface two-dimensional effective wave height field of the synthetic aperture radar. The right color scale represents the range of wave height values.
Fig. 2 is the calculated intensity distribution of the two-dimensional significant wave height sea surface noise source. The noise frequency is 400Hz and the right color scale represents the range of sound source intensities.
Fig. 3 is the calculated intensity distribution of the two-dimensional significant wave height sea surface noise source. The noise frequency was 3200Hz, and the right color scale represents the range of sound source intensities.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a sound source intensity calculation of a three-dimensional marine environment noise field for two-dimensional significant wave heights. Where VLA is a vertical underwater acoustic observation array representing an observation of the vertical distribution of noise intensity at that location.
Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional marine environmental noise field intensity distribution. In order to effectively display results, the vertical distribution of the noise intensity at a certain position in a horizontal plane is selected for displaying in a universal mode in marine acoustic research, and the noise frequency is 400Hz and 3200 Hz.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples:
the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
1) preprocessing sea surface effective wave height data of the synthetic aperture radar: and marking null values and illegal values in sea surface effective wave height data of the synthetic aperture radar, and assigning values to the marked grids by adopting a nearest neighbor interpolation algorithm to obtain a high-resolution two-dimensional effective wave height field Hs (x, y), wherein (x, y) is the coordinate of the effective wave height grid unit of the synthetic aperture radar.
2) And (3) calculating the sound source intensity distribution of the two-dimensional effective wave height: and (2) substituting Hs (x, y) into the formula (1) by using the two-dimensional effective wave height field Hs (x, y) obtained in the step 1) and using a calculation model (formula (1)) of the effective wave height noise sound source level developed by the applicant to obtain the distribution I (x, y) of the noise source intensity.
Wherein, SL is the noise source level, f is the frequency, and the unit is: hz, U is wind speed, unit is: m/s.
3) Calculating the intensity distribution of the three-dimensional marine environment noise field: calculating the intensity P of the three-dimensional complex sound field radiated outwards by each unit in the I (x, y) by using the intensity distribution of the noise source obtained in the step 2) and adopting a ray model in the classical sound propagation theory n→k (x n ,y n ,x k ,y k ,z k ) Wherein (x) n ,y n ) Is the position coordinate of the nth sound source, (x) k ,y k ,z k ) Is the coordinates of the kth position in three-dimensional space, by applying to each position (x) in three-dimensional space k ,y k ,z k ) Summing the complex sound fields to obtain the intensity P (x) of the three-dimensional noise field k ,y k ,z k ) And forecasting the noise field of the marine environment is realized.
Specific embodiments are given below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
The embodiment comprises the following steps:
1. and (4) preprocessing sea surface effective wave height data of the synthetic aperture radar. And marking null values and illegal values in sea surface effective wave height data of the synthetic aperture radar, and assigning values to the marking grids by adopting a nearest neighbor interpolation algorithm to obtain a two-dimensional effective wave height field as shown in figure 1, wherein the spatial resolution of the two-dimensional effective wave height field is 100m multiplied by 100 m.
2. And calculating the sound source intensity of the two-dimensional effective wave height. Using the two-dimensional significant wave height data obtained in step 1, the distribution of the noise source intensity of the significant wave height is calculated according to formula (1), as shown in fig. 2 (noise frequency is 400Hz) and fig. 3 (noise frequency is 3200 Hz).
3. And (4) calculating the intensity distribution of the noise field of the three-dimensional marine environment. As shown in fig. 4, the sound source intensity distribution obtained in step 2 is used, a classical ray propagation model is used to calculate the complex sound fields generated by each sound source, and then all the complex sound fields are subjected to complex summation to obtain the total intensity distribution of the noise field in the marine environment, wherein the vertical distribution of the noise field at a certain position is shown in fig. 5.
The invention establishes a calculation method of the non-uniform effective wave height sound source intensity by utilizing the sea surface two-dimensional effective wave height field of the high-resolution synthetic aperture radar, and realizes the forecast of the sea environment noise field generated by waves. Compared with the existing forecasting method, the method is more suitable for actual conditions theoretically, and has the advantages of higher spatial resolution, higher result accuracy, higher reliability and the like.
Claims (1)
1. A marine environment noise field forecasting method based on two-dimensional wave height distribution is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) preprocessing sea surface effective wave height data of the synthetic aperture radar: marking null values and illegal values in sea surface effective wave height data of the synthetic aperture radar, and assigning values to the marked grids by adopting a nearest neighbor interpolation algorithm to obtain a high-resolution two-dimensional effective wave height field Hs (x, y), wherein (x, y) are coordinates of a synthetic aperture radar effective wave height grid unit;
2) and (3) calculating the sound source intensity distribution of the two-dimensional effective wave height: substituting Hs (x, y) into a formula (1) by using the two-dimensional effective wave height field Hs (x, y) obtained in the step 1) and a calculation model (formula (1)) of the effective wave height noise sound source level to obtain the distribution I (x, y) of the noise source intensity;
wherein, SL is noise source level, f is frequency, unit is: hz, U is the wind speed, in units: m/s;
3) calculating the intensity distribution of the three-dimensional marine environment noise field: calculating the intensity P of the three-dimensional complex sound field radiated outwards by each unit in the I (x, y) by using the intensity distribution of the noise source obtained in the step 2) and adopting a ray model in the classical sound propagation theory n→k (x n ，y n ，x k ，y k ，z k ) Wherein (x) n ，y n ) Is the position coordinate of the nth sound source, (x) k ，y k ，z k ) Is the coordinates of the kth position in three-dimensional space by comparing each position (x) in three-dimensional space k ，y k ，z k ) Summing the complex sound fields to obtain the three-dimensional noise field intensity P (x) k ，y k ，z k ) And forecasting the noise field of the marine environment is realized.
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