CN113281601A - Air conditioner EMI test method - Google Patents
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- CN113281601A CN113281601A CN202110676963.3A CN202110676963A CN113281601A CN 113281601 A CN113281601 A CN 113281601A CN 202110676963 A CN202110676963 A CN 202110676963A CN 113281601 A CN113281601 A CN 113281601A
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 146
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002452 interceptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002040 relaxant effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
- G01R31/00—Arrangements for testing electric properties; Arrangements for locating electric faults; Arrangements for electrical testing characterised by what is being tested not provided for elsewhere
- G01R31/001—Measuring interference from external sources to, or emission from, the device under test, e.g. EMC, EMI, EMP or ESD testing
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of air conditioner electromagnetic interference, in particular to an air conditioner EMI test method, which improves the EMI detection accuracy, reduces the cost and greatly reduces the safety risk in the test. The air conditioner EMI test method comprises the following steps: pre-storing a defined corresponding relation table of EMI test codes and air conditioner load operation modes in air conditioner control software; then, sending an EMI test code to select a corresponding air conditioner load operation mode, operating a corresponding air conditioner load according to the corresponding air conditioner load operation mode, and setting a corresponding operation protection condition; finally, detecting whether the EMI value of the load of the running air conditioner exceeds the standard or not, and if so, recording that the EMI exceeds the standard; otherwise, recording the test is qualified. The invention is suitable for detecting the electromagnetic interference of the air conditioner.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of air conditioner electromagnetic interference, in particular to an air conditioner EMI testing method.
Background
The air conditioner can generate electromagnetic interference (EMI) in the operation process, so that adverse effects can be caused to a power grid or other electrical equipment, and therefore the national standard requires that all the air conditioners are qualified through an EMI test.
The EMI problem is a difficulty of technicians, and in order to determine the cause of the EMI exceeding, the indoor unit or the outdoor unit of the air conditioner generally needs to be disassembled, the loads such as the stepping motor, the fan motor, the four-way valve, the compressor and the like are disassembled one by one, then the air conditioner is reassembled and restored, and the main cause of the EMI exceeding is determined by conducting a power-on test again. The repeated processes of disassembling the machine → pulling out the load → assembling and recovering → testing lead to very low working efficiency and occupy a large amount of experimental resources. After some parts are pulled out, the air conditioner may fail to work due to failure reporting, and the test cannot be continued.
In the prior art, for example, patent No. CN111239510A discloses a self-service test method and a test system for EMC of an air conditioner, which discloses a self-service test method for EMC interference (EMI for short) of an air conditioner, wherein an external test module is connected to an indoor unit main board and an outdoor unit main board of an air conditioner to simulate signals of an indoor unit or an outdoor unit of the air conditioner for auxiliary test.
However, this method has the following disadvantages: 1. the external test module (i.e. the test tool) can generate electromagnetic interference, and the EMI of the external test module is coupled with the EMI of the air conditioner, so that the test accuracy can be influenced; 2. the main board of the air conditioner internal unit and the main board of the external unit need to additionally increase a communication interface to communicate with an external test module, so that the pin number of the MCU of the main board of the internal unit and the external unit and the resource requirements of an internal memory and the like can be increased, the layout area of a PCB (printed circuit board) is increased, the hardware cost of an interface circuit is increased, and the cost is not economically saved; 3. safety problems are not considered in the testing process, and safety accidents are easy to happen in the testing process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an air conditioner EMI test method, which improves the EMI detection accuracy, reduces the cost and greatly reduces the safety risk in the test.
The invention adopts the following technical scheme to realize the aim, and the air conditioner EMI testing method comprises the following steps:
step 1, pre-storing a defined corresponding relation table of EMI test codes and air conditioner load operation modes in air conditioner control software;
step 2, sending an EMI test code to select a corresponding air conditioner load operation mode;
step 3, operating the corresponding air conditioner load according to the corresponding air conditioner load operation mode, and setting corresponding operation protection conditions;
step 4, detecting whether the EMI value of the load of the running air conditioner exceeds the standard or not, and if so, recording that the EMI exceeds the standard; otherwise, recording the test is qualified.
Further, in step 1, the correspondence between the EMI test code and the air conditioning load operation mode includes:
the first test code corresponds to the on/off of all loads of the outdoor unit of the indoor unit of the air conditioner;
the second test code corresponds to the on/off of all the loads of the indoor unit of the air conditioner;
the third test code corresponds to the on/off of all the loads of the air conditioner outdoor unit;
the fourth test code corresponds to the on/off of a fan motor of the indoor unit of the air conditioner;
the fifth test code corresponds to the on/off of a display screen of the indoor unit of the air conditioner;
the sixth test code corresponds to the on/off of the compressor of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner;
the seventh test code corresponds to the on/off of the fan motor of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner;
the eighth test code corresponds to the on/off of the PFC of the air conditioner outdoor unit;
the ninth test code corresponds to the on/off of the four-way valve of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner.
Further, in step 2, sending the EMI test code to select the corresponding air conditioning load operation mode specifically includes:
and if the EMI test code is sent for the first time, all the corresponding air conditioning loads are closed, and if the same EMI test code is sent for the second time, all the corresponding air conditioning loads are opened.
Further, the specific operation mode that the EMI test codes are transmitted for the first time and the corresponding air conditioning loads are all turned off, and the same EMI test codes are transmitted for the second time and the corresponding air conditioning loads are all turned on includes:
when the first test code is sent for the first time, all the loads of the outdoor unit of the indoor unit of the air conditioner are completely closed, and when the first test code is sent for the second time, all the loads of the outdoor unit of the indoor unit of the air conditioner are completely opened;
when the second test code is sent for the first time, all the loads of the indoor unit of the air conditioner are completely closed, and when the second test code is sent for the second time, all the loads of the indoor unit of the air conditioner are completely opened;
when the third test code is sent for the first time, all the loads of the air conditioner outdoor unit are closed, and when the third test code is sent for the second time, all the loads of the air conditioner outdoor unit are opened;
when the fourth test code is sent for the first time, the fan motors of the indoor units of the air conditioners are all closed, and when the fourth test code is sent for the second time, the fan motors of the indoor units of the air conditioners are all opened;
when the fifth test code is sent for the first time, the display screen of the air-conditioning indoor unit is completely closed, and when the fifth test code is sent for the second time, the display screen of the air-conditioning indoor unit is completely opened;
when the sixth test code is sent for the first time, all the compressors of the air conditioner outdoor unit are closed, and when the sixth test code is sent for the second time, all the compressors of the air conditioner outdoor unit are opened;
when the seventh test code is sent for the first time, the fan motors of the air-conditioning outdoor unit are all closed, and when the seventh test code is sent for the second time, the fan motors of the air-conditioning outdoor unit are all opened;
when the eighth test code is sent for the first time, the PFC of the air conditioner outdoor unit is turned off, and when the eighth test code is sent for the second time, the PFC of the air conditioner outdoor unit is turned off;
and when the ninth test code is sent for the first time, the four-way valve of the air-conditioning outdoor unit is closed, and when the ninth test code is sent for the second time, the four-way valve of the air-conditioning outdoor unit is opened.
Further, in step 3, the setting of the corresponding operation protection condition specifically includes:
setting the highest running frequency of the compressor to be less than a first threshold frequency, setting the shutdown protection current of the compressor to be less than a first threshold shutdown protection current and setting a safe running time for the air conditioner load running, and automatically recovering the normal running mode after the safe running time is reached.
The invention does not adopt the mode of adding hardware in the air conditioner to carry out the electromagnetic interference test, but only stores the defined corresponding relation table of the EMI test code and the air conditioner load operation mode in advance in the air conditioner control software, controls the corresponding air conditioner load operation in a software control mode, and detects whether the EMI exceeds the standard or not, thereby avoiding the extra electromagnetic interference brought by redundant hardware equipment, improving the detection accuracy and simultaneously reducing the cost; and in the process of controlling the operation of the air conditioner, corresponding operation protection conditions are also set, so that the safety risk is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The air conditioner EMI test method of the invention, the flow chart of which is shown in figure 1, comprises the following steps:
102, sending an EMI test code to select a corresponding air conditioner load operation mode;
103, operating the corresponding air conditioner load according to the corresponding air conditioner load operation mode, and setting corresponding operation protection conditions;
104, detecting whether the EMI value of the load of the running air conditioner exceeds the standard or not, and if so, recording that the EMI exceeds the standard; otherwise, recording the test is qualified.
In step 101, the correspondence between the EMI test code and the air conditioning load operation mode includes:
the first test code corresponds to the on/off of all loads of the outdoor unit of the indoor unit of the air conditioner;
the second test code corresponds to the on/off of all the loads of the indoor unit of the air conditioner;
the third test code corresponds to the on/off of all the loads of the air conditioner outdoor unit;
the fourth test code corresponds to the on/off of a fan motor of the indoor unit of the air conditioner;
the fifth test code corresponds to the on/off of a display screen of the indoor unit of the air conditioner;
the sixth test code corresponds to the on/off of the compressor of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner;
the seventh test code corresponds to the on/off of the fan motor of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner;
the eighth test code corresponds to the on/off of the PFC of the air conditioner outdoor unit;
the ninth test code corresponds to the on/off of the four-way valve of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner.
The corresponding relation table is as follows:
| air-conditioning load operation mode | EMI test code |
| On/off of all loads of indoor and outdoor units | 00 |
| All load on/off of the internal machine | 01 |
| All load on/off of outdoor unit | 02 |
| Fan motor on/off of inner machine | 03 |
| On/off of display screen of inner machine | 04 |
| Outdoor unit compressor on/off | 05 |
| Motor on/off of outer fan | 06 |
| PFC on/off of outdoor unit | 07 |
| Four-way valve opening/closing of outdoor unit | 08 |
And corresponding EMI test codes and a corresponding relation table can be set according to the sequence or combination of the operating loads.
In step 2, sending the EMI test code to select the corresponding air conditioner load operation mode specifically includes:
and if the EMI test code is sent for the first time, all the corresponding air conditioning loads are closed, and if the same EMI test code is sent for the second time, all the corresponding air conditioning loads are opened.
The specific operation mode comprises the following steps:
and (3) sending a first test code 00 for the first time, completely closing all loads of the outdoor unit of the indoor unit of the air conditioner, detecting EMI test data, and if the EMI exceeds the standard, mainly originating electromagnetic interference from the mainboard of the indoor unit. When the first test code 00 is sent for the second time, all loads of the outdoor unit of the indoor unit of the air conditioner are completely opened;
and when the second test code 01 is sent for the first time, all loads of the indoor unit of the air conditioner are completely closed, only the load operation of the outdoor unit is reserved, the EMI test data is detected, and if the EMI exceeds the standard, the electromagnetic interference mainly comes from the outdoor unit. Sending a second test code 01 for the second time, and then opening all the loads of the indoor unit of the air conditioner;
and (3) sending a third test code 02 for the first time, completely closing all loads of the air conditioner outdoor unit, only keeping the operation of the load of the indoor unit, and detecting EMI test data, wherein if the EMI exceeds the standard, the electromagnetic interference mainly comes from the indoor unit. Sending a third test code 02 for the second time, and then opening all the loads of the air conditioner outdoor unit;
sending a fourth test code 03 for the first time, completely turning off the fan motor of the indoor unit of the air conditioner, keeping all other loads running, detecting EMI test data, and interfering the fan motor or a driving circuit thereof which is a main source if EMI does not exceed the standard any more; if the EMI still exceeds the standard, other loads of the indoor unit of the main source are interfered. Sending the fourth test code 03 for the second time, and then turning on all fan motors of the indoor units of the air conditioners;
the fifth test code 04 is sent for the first time, the display screen of the indoor unit of the air conditioner is completely closed, and if the EMI does not exceed the standard any more, the interference mainly comes from the related circuit of the display screen; if the EMI still exceeds the standard, other loads of the indoor unit of the main source are interfered. Sending the fifth test code 04 for the second time, and then opening all the display screens of the indoor units of the air conditioners;
when the sixth test code 05 is sent for the first time, the compressor of the air conditioner outdoor unit is completely closed, and if the EMI does not exceed the standard any more, the compressor or a driving circuit of the compressor which is a main source is interfered; if the EMI still exceeds the standard, other loads of the outdoor unit of the main source are interfered. Sending the sixth test code 05 for the second time, and then turning on all the compressors of the air conditioner outdoor unit;
when the seventh test code 06 is sent for the first time, the fan motor of the air conditioner outdoor unit is completely closed, and if the EMI does not exceed the standard any more, the interference mainly comes from the outdoor fan motor or a driving circuit thereof; if the EMI still exceeds the standard, other loads of the outdoor unit of the main source are interfered. Sending the seventh test code 06 for the second time, and then turning on all fan motors of the air conditioner outdoor unit;
when the eighth test code 07 is sent for the first time, the PFC (Power Factor correction) of the air conditioner outdoor unit is turned off, and if the EMI does not exceed the standard any more, the interference mainly comes from a PFC circuit of the outdoor unit; if the EMI still exceeds the standard, other loads of the outdoor unit of the main source are interfered. Sending the eighth test code 07 for the second time, and then opening the PFC of the air conditioner outdoor unit;
when a ninth test code 08 is sent for the first time, the four-way valve of the air conditioner outdoor unit is closed, and if the EMI does not exceed the standard any more, the interference mainly comes from the related circuit of the four-way valve; if the EMI still exceeds the standard, other loads of the outdoor unit of the main source are interfered. And when the ninth test code 08 is sent for the second time, the four-way valve of the air conditioner outdoor unit is opened.
During specific operation, the sending button of the test code can be integrated in the air conditioner remote controller, and the running mode of the air conditioner load is controlled through the air conditioner remote controller, so that the operation is convenient.
In step 3, the setting of the corresponding operation protection condition specifically includes:
setting the highest running frequency of the compressor to be less than a first threshold frequency, setting the shutdown protection current of the compressor to be less than a first threshold shutdown protection current and setting a safe running time for the air conditioner load running, and automatically recovering the normal running mode after the safe running time is reached.
Specifically, when the EMI test code 01 and the EMI test code 03 are sent, since the indoor fan motor is not operated and the load such as the outdoor unit compressor is fully opened, the heat exchanger of the indoor unit may have poor heat exchange due to no wind, and if the cooling mode is used, the heat exchanger of the indoor unit may be supercooled and frozen; if the heating mode is adopted, the heat exchanger of the indoor unit is overheated and is easy to oxidize, and potential safety hazards such as cold coal leakage, pipeline burst and the like can be caused due to the increase of pressure in the pipeline. Therefore, it is necessary to set safe operating conditions to optimize the control:
(1) the load operation capacity of the air-conditioner compressor is limited, and the air-conditioner compressor operates in a derating mode, so that the pressure of the system cannot rise rapidly. For example, the maximum operation frequency of the compressor is changed from 80Hz to 60Hz during refrigeration.
(2) And adjusting the range of the system protection parameters, and properly relaxing the range of the system protection parameters. For example, 1 set of 1.5 air conditioners is used, and the air conditioner is protected to stop when the running current of an outdoor unit reaches 5A during normal refrigeration; when the indoor unit fan load is closed, the outdoor unit running current is adjusted to reach 7A, and the protection is stopped. The air conditioner is prevented from being stopped quickly and being too late to observe and test the EMI data.
(3) And setting a safe air conditioner running time aiming at the fan load, and if the tester does not manually recover the normal work of the load in the safe running time, when the safe running time is reached (for example, 40 seconds), the air conditioner automatically recovers the indoor unit fan load running immediately.
According to the method, other EMI test codes can be sent, other loads can be operated and closed one by one, EMI test data under different load operation conditions can be observed, and the judgment of the reason why the EMI of the air conditioner exceeds the standard can be assisted by testers.
In conclusion, the invention improves the accuracy of EMI detection, reduces the cost and greatly reduces the safety risk in the test.
Claims (5)
1. The air conditioner EMI test method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, pre-storing a defined corresponding relation table of EMI test codes and air conditioner load operation modes in air conditioner control software;
step 2, sending an EMI test code to select a corresponding air conditioner load operation mode;
step 3, operating the corresponding air conditioner load according to the corresponding air conditioner load operation mode, and setting corresponding operation protection conditions;
step 4, detecting whether the EMI value of the load of the running air conditioner exceeds the standard or not, and if so, recording that the EMI exceeds the standard; otherwise, recording the test is qualified.
2. The air conditioner EMI testing method according to claim 1, wherein in step 1, the correspondence between the EMI testing code and the air conditioner load operation mode includes:
the first test code corresponds to the on/off of all loads of the outdoor unit of the indoor unit of the air conditioner;
the second test code corresponds to the on/off of all the loads of the indoor unit of the air conditioner;
the third test code corresponds to the on/off of all the loads of the air conditioner outdoor unit;
the fourth test code corresponds to the on/off of a fan motor of the indoor unit of the air conditioner;
the fifth test code corresponds to the on/off of a display screen of the indoor unit of the air conditioner;
the sixth test code corresponds to the on/off of the compressor of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner;
the seventh test code corresponds to the on/off of the fan motor of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner;
the eighth test code corresponds to the on/off of the PFC of the air conditioner outdoor unit;
the ninth test code corresponds to the on/off of the four-way valve of the outdoor unit of the air conditioner.
3. The air conditioner EMI testing method according to claim 2, wherein in step 2, sending the EMI testing code to select the corresponding air conditioner load operation mode specifically includes:
and if the EMI test code is sent for the first time, all the corresponding air conditioning loads are closed, and if the same EMI test code is sent for the second time, all the corresponding air conditioning loads are opened.
4. The air conditioner EMI testing method according to claim 3, wherein the specific operation mode that when the EMI testing code is sent for the first time, all corresponding air conditioner loads are turned off, and when the same EMI testing code is sent for the second time, all corresponding air conditioner loads are turned on comprises:
when the first test code is sent for the first time, all the loads of the outdoor unit of the indoor unit of the air conditioner are completely closed, and when the first test code is sent for the second time, all the loads of the outdoor unit of the indoor unit of the air conditioner are completely opened;
when the second test code is sent for the first time, all the loads of the indoor unit of the air conditioner are completely closed, and when the second test code is sent for the second time, all the loads of the indoor unit of the air conditioner are completely opened;
when the third test code is sent for the first time, all the loads of the air conditioner outdoor unit are closed, and when the third test code is sent for the second time, all the loads of the air conditioner outdoor unit are opened;
when the fourth test code is sent for the first time, the fan motors of the indoor units of the air conditioners are all closed, and when the fourth test code is sent for the second time, the fan motors of the indoor units of the air conditioners are all opened;
when the fifth test code is sent for the first time, the display screen of the air-conditioning indoor unit is completely closed, and when the fifth test code is sent for the second time, the display screen of the air-conditioning indoor unit is completely opened;
when the sixth test code is sent for the first time, all the compressors of the air conditioner outdoor unit are closed, and when the sixth test code is sent for the second time, all the compressors of the air conditioner outdoor unit are opened;
when the seventh test code is sent for the first time, the fan motors of the air-conditioning outdoor unit are all closed, and when the seventh test code is sent for the second time, the fan motors of the air-conditioning outdoor unit are all opened;
when the eighth test code is sent for the first time, the PFC of the air conditioner outdoor unit is turned off, and when the eighth test code is sent for the second time, the PFC of the air conditioner outdoor unit is turned off;
and when the ninth test code is sent for the first time, the four-way valve of the air-conditioning outdoor unit is closed, and when the ninth test code is sent for the second time, the four-way valve of the air-conditioning outdoor unit is opened.
5. The air conditioner EMI testing method according to claim 4, wherein in step 3, the setting of the corresponding operation protection condition specifically includes:
setting the highest running frequency of the compressor to be less than a first threshold frequency, setting the shutdown protection current of the compressor to be less than a first threshold shutdown protection current and setting a safe running time for the air conditioner load running, and automatically recovering the normal running mode after the safe running time is reached.
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