CN113281175B - Device and method for testing dynamic mechanical properties of rock in gas-solid coupling state - Google Patents
Device and method for testing dynamic mechanical properties of rock in gas-solid coupling state Download PDFInfo
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- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 73
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000008878 coupling Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000010168 coupling process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000005859 coupling reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 25
- TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L barium sulfate Chemical compound [Ba+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O TZCXTZWJZNENPQ-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 61
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 37
- 239000002912 waste gas Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013100 final test Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 1
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- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/08—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces
- G01N3/10—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying steady tensile or compressive forces generated by pneumatic or hydraulic pressure
- G01N3/12—Pressure testing
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N3/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N3/30—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight
- G01N3/307—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress by applying a single impulsive force, e.g. by falling weight generated by a compressed or tensile-stressed spring; generated by pneumatic or hydraulic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/0003—Steady
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0001—Type of application of the stress
- G01N2203/001—Impulsive
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- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/0014—Type of force applied
- G01N2203/0016—Tensile or compressive
- G01N2203/0019—Compressive
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0044—Pneumatic means
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N2203/00—Investigating strength properties of solid materials by application of mechanical stress
- G01N2203/003—Generation of the force
- G01N2203/0042—Pneumatic or hydraulic means
- G01N2203/0048—Hydraulic means
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for testing dynamic mechanical properties of a rock in a gas-solid coupling state, and aims to test the dynamic mechanical properties of a rock sample in the gas-solid coupling state. Therefore, the device for testing the dynamic mechanical properties of the rock under the gas-solid coupling state comprises an elastic sleeve body, a guide sleeve, a confining pressure loading system, an inflation system and a Hopkinson pressure bar test system, the rock sample is placed in the elastic sleeve body in a matching mode, the guide sleeve is fixedly installed at two ends of the elastic sleeve body, the confining pressure loading system is arranged outside the elastic sleeve body, an incident rod and a transmission rod of the Hopkinson pressure bar test system are respectively installed in the guide sleeves at two ends of the elastic sleeve body and are in contact with the rock sample, sealing rings are arranged between the incident rod and the transmission rod and the corresponding guide sleeves, the inflation system is used for filling specific gas into a space between the two sealing rings in the elastic sleeve body, and the gas is adsorbed by the rock sample.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of rock mechanical property testing, and particularly relates to a device and a method for testing dynamic mechanical properties of rocks in a gas-solid coupling state.
Background
The increasing coal mining depth leads to increasing ground stress, gas pressure and gas content, stope structures are also more and more complex, and stress and gas combined power disasters are more and more serious and complex. In the coal mining process, the far-field seismic sources, such as top and bottom plate fracture or movement, fault activation, vibration blasting and other manual disturbance behaviors can generate dynamic loads to cause rock burst or coal and gas outburst. Regarding the research of the coal rock dynamic characteristics, the Hopkinson pressure bar test system is mainly used, and the Hopkinson pressure bar system is continuously modified by predecessors to meet the requirements of different tests, so that various coal rock dynamic characteristics are tested, but the influence of gas on the coal rock dynamic characteristics is mostly ignored, and it is necessary to design a device for testing the gas-solid coupling type rock dynamic performance.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide a device and a method for testing dynamic mechanical properties of a rock sample in a gas-solid coupling state, and aims to test the dynamic mechanical properties of the rock sample in the gas-solid coupling state.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
rock dynamic mechanical properties testing arrangement under gas-solid coupling state includes:
the interior of the elastic sleeve body is matched with a rock sample;
the guide sleeve is coaxially and fixedly arranged at two ends of the elastic sleeve body;
the confining pressure loading system is arranged outside the elastic sleeve and is used for applying confining pressure to the rock sample;
an incident rod and a transmission rod of the Hopkinson pressure bar test system are respectively installed from the guide sleeves at the two ends of the elastic sleeve body and are in contact with the rock sample, and sealing rings are arranged between the incident rod and the transmission rod and the corresponding guide sleeves;
and the inflation system is used for inflating specific gas into a space between the two sealing rings in the elastic sleeve body so that the gas is adsorbed by the rock sample.
Specifically, the confining pressure loading system comprises an oil pressure cylinder, an oil pressure pump and an oil pressure gauge, the elastic sleeve body is arranged in the oil pressure cylinder, two ends of the oil pressure cylinder are sealed by the guide sleeve to form an oil pressure chamber, the oil pressure pump is used for pumping hydraulic oil into the oil pressure chamber, and the oil pressure gauge is arranged on the oil pressure chamber.
Specifically, an exhaust port screw is arranged on the oil pressure chamber.
Specifically, an oil filling pipe connecting the oil pressure pump and the oil pressure chamber is provided with a backflow protection valve.
Specifically, the inflation system comprises an inflation pump, an inflation control valve and a barometer, one end of the inflation tube is communicated with the air source, the other end of the inflation tube is communicated with the space, and the inflation pump, the inflation control valve and the barometer are all arranged on the inflation tube.
Specifically, the inflation system further comprises a vacuum pump, an exhaust control valve and an exhaust pipe, wherein the exhaust pipe is communicated with the space, and the vacuum pump and the exhaust control valve are arranged on the exhaust pipe.
Specifically, the inflation system still includes the waste gas collecting bottle, the waste gas collecting bottle pass through the waste gas collecting pipe with the space intercommunication, be equipped with the waste gas control valve on the waste gas collecting pipe.
Specifically, one of the guide sleeves is provided with an inflation inlet, the other guide sleeve is provided with an exhaust port, the exhaust pipe and the waste gas collecting pipe are connected with the exhaust port, and the inflation inlet is connected with the inflation pipe.
The rock dynamic mechanical property testing method using the rock dynamic mechanical property testing device in the gas-solid coupling state comprises the following steps:
s1, filling specific gas into the space by using an inflation system to reach an experimental calibration pressure, and then standing for a plurality of hours according to experimental requirements;
s2, applying a set confining pressure to the rock sample through the elastic sleeve body by using a confining pressure loading system;
s3, performing an impact test on the rock sample adsorbed with the specific gas and applied with confining pressure by using a Hopkinson pressure bar test system;
s4, measuring a strain waveform diagram by using strain gauges arranged on the incident rod and the transmission rod;
s5, correcting the wave forms of the incident wave, the transmitted wave and the reflected wave; wherein,
the corrected incident wave waveform is:
ω`I＝λTωI
the corrected reflected wave and transmitted wave waveforms are:
in the formula: omegaIFor incident wave form, omega' measured by strain gaugesIFor the corrected incident waveform, ωRThe waveform of the reflected wave measured for the strain gauge; omega' typeRIs the corrected waveform of the reflected wave; is omegaTThe measured waveform of the transmitted wave is the strain gauge; omega' typeTλ is the corrected transmitted wave waveformTIs the transmission coefficient;
wherein:
ρ1C1，ρ2C2respectively corresponding to the wave impedance of the rod piece and the sealing ring, and the area ratio of the rod piece to the sealing ring is
A1Is the cross-sectional area of the corresponding rod piece; a. the2The wave impedance and the cross-sectional area of the incident rod and the transmission rod are equal to each other corresponding to the end surface area of the sealing ring.
And S6, analyzing the deformation damage condition of the rock sample by using the corrected incident wave, reflected wave and transmitted wave to obtain accurate dynamic mechanical property data of the rock sample in the gas-solid coupling state.
Specifically, the specific solving process of the transmission coefficient in step S5 is as follows:
when the stress wave is transmitted through the sealing ring interface, the stress on the interface and the particle speed meet the following requirements:
in the formula: sigmaI，σR，σTIncident wave stress, reflected wave stress and transmitted wave stress respectively; v. ofI，vR，vTThe incident wave particle velocity, the reflected wave particle velocity and the transmitted wave particle velocity are respectively;
from the relationship between the velocity of the particles and the stress:
in the formula: rho1C1，ρ2C2The wave impedances of the rod piece and the sealing ring respectively;
the wave impedance of the sealing ring under different air pressures conforms to the following functional relationship:
in the formula: rho0C0Respectively, the wave impedance of the sealing ring when the air pressure p is 0MPa, a and b are coefficients only related to the material of the sealing ring, and eta is a coefficient of variation of the wave impedance of the sealing ring with the pressure;
impedance ratio of wave
Area ratio
The simultaneous expression is as follows:
in the formula: lambda [ alpha ]TIs the transmission coefficient.
Compared with the prior art, at least one embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the gas charging, discharging, adsorbing and confining pressure loading integrated system can realize a Hopkinson bar experiment of a gas-solid coupled rock sample, guarantees the sealing performance of the system through the self-sealing performance of the sealing ring and the elastic sleeve body, considers the influence of the sealing ring on the waveform, and corrects the waveform, so that the dynamic mechanical property of the rock sample obtained through final testing is more accurate.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is an isometric view of a rock dynamic mechanical property testing device in a gas-solid coupling state according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a split axis diagram of the device for testing dynamic mechanical properties of rock in a gas-solid coupling state, provided by the embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a device for testing dynamic mechanical properties of rock in a gas-solid coupling state according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the pressure p of the sealing ring and the variation coefficient eta of the wave impedance;
wherein: 1. an elastic sleeve body; 2. a guide sleeve; 3. a rock sample; 4. an incident rod; 5. a transmission rod; 6. a seal ring; 7. a strain gauge; 8. an oil pressure cylinder; 9. an oil pressure pump; 10. an oil pressure gauge; 11. an exhaust port screw; 12. a backflow protection valve; 13. an inflator pump; 14. an inflation control valve; 15. a vacuum pump; 16. an exhaust control valve; 17. an exhaust pipe; 18. a waste gas collecting bottle; 19. an exhaust gas control valve; 20. an inflation inlet; 21. an exhaust port; 22. a barometer.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced devices or elements must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are therefore not to be considered limiting of the invention.
Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
Referring to fig. 1-3, the device for testing the dynamic mechanical properties of the rock in a gas-solid coupling state comprises an elastic sleeve body 1, a guide sleeve 2, a confining pressure loading system, a hopkinson pressure bar testing system and an inflation system, wherein a rock sample 3 is arranged inside the elastic sleeve body 1 in a matching manner; the guide sleeve 2 is coaxially and fixedly installed at two ends of the elastic sleeve body 1, the confining pressure loading system is arranged outside the elastic sleeve body 1 and used for applying confining pressure to a rock sample 3, an incident rod 4 and a transmission rod 5 of the Hopkinson pressure bar test system are respectively installed from the guide sleeves 2 at two ends of the elastic sleeve body 1 and are in contact with the rock sample 3, sealing rings 6 are arranged between the incident rod 4 and the transmission rod 5 and the corresponding guide sleeves 2, the inflation system is used for inflating specific gas into a space between the two sealing rings 6 in the elastic sleeve body 1, so that the specific gas is adsorbed by the rock sample 3, and the sealing rings 6 are installed in the incident rod 4, the emission rod and the guide sleeves 2 to ensure the stability of the gas pressure in the interior of the rock mass.
The rock dynamic mechanical property testing method using the rock dynamic mechanical property testing device in the gas-solid coupling state comprises the following steps:
s1, filling specific gas into the space by using an inflation system to reach an experimental calibration air pressure, and then standing for a plurality of hours according to the experimental requirement;
s2, applying a set confining pressure to the rock sample 3 through the elastic sleeve body 1 by using a confining pressure loading system;
s3, performing impact test on the rock sample 3 adsorbed with the specific gas and applied with confining pressure by using a Hopkinson pressure bar test system;
s4, measuring a strain waveform diagram by using strain gauges 7 arranged on the incident rod 4 and the transmission rod 5;
s5, correcting the wave forms of the incident wave, the transmitted wave and the reflected wave; wherein,
the corrected incident wave waveform is as follows:
ω`I＝λTωI
the corrected reflected wave and transmitted wave waveforms are:
in the formula: omegaIFor incident wave form, omega' measured by strain gaugesIFor the corrected incident waveform, ωRThe waveform of the reflected wave measured for the strain gauge; omega' typeRIs the corrected waveform of the reflected wave; is omegaTThe measured waveform of the transmitted wave is the strain gauge; omega' systemTλ is the corrected transmitted wave waveformTIs the transmission coefficient;
wherein:
ρ1C1，ρ2C2respectively corresponding to the wave impedance of the rod piece and the sealing ring, and the area ratio of the rod piece to the sealing ring is
A1Is the cross-sectional area of the corresponding rod piece; a. the2The wave impedance and the cross sectional area of the incident rod and the transmission rod are equal to the area of the end face of the corresponding sealing ring;
and S6, analyzing the deformation damage condition of the rock sample by using the corrected incident wave, reflected wave and transmitted wave to obtain accurate dynamic mechanical property data of the rock sample in the gas-solid coupling state.
Specifically, the specific solving process of the transmission coefficient in step S5 is as follows:
when the stress wave is transmitted through the sealing ring interface, the stress on the interface and the particle speed meet the following requirements:
in the formula: sigmaI，σR，σTIncident wave stress, reflected wave stress and transmitted wave stress respectively; v. ofI，vR，vTThe incident wave particle velocity, the reflected wave particle velocity and the transmitted wave particle velocity are respectively;
from the relationship between the velocity of the particles and the stress:
in the formula: rho1C1，ρ2C2The wave impedances of the rod piece and the sealing ring respectively;
the wave impedance of the sealing ring under different air pressures conforms to the following functional relationship:
in the formula: rho0C0Respectively, the wave impedance of the sealing ring when the air pressure p is 0MPa, a and b are coefficients only related to the material of the sealing ring, the wave impedance is obtained through fitting, eta is the coefficient of the change of the wave impedance of the sealing ring along with the pressure, and the fitting parameters a and b are-11.379 and 221.39 respectively in the embodiment as shown in FIG. 4
Impedance ratio of wave
Area ratio
The simultaneous expression is as follows:
in the formula: lambda [ alpha ]TIs the transmission coefficient.
The gas charging, discharging, adsorbing and confining pressure loading integrated system can realize a Hopkinson bar experiment of a gas-solid coupled rock sample, guarantees the sealing performance of the system through the self-sealing performance of the sealing ring and the elastic sleeve body, considers the influence of the sealing ring on the waveform, and corrects the waveform, so that the dynamic mechanical property of the rock sample obtained through final testing is more accurate.
Referring to fig. 1-3, in some embodiments, the confining pressure loading system includes an oil pressure cylinder 8, an oil pressure pump 9 and an oil pressure gauge 10, the elastic sleeve body 1 is disposed in the oil pressure cylinder 8, the guide sleeve 2 seals two ends of the oil pressure cylinder 8 so as to enclose an oil pressure chamber, the oil pressure pump 9 is used for pumping hydraulic oil into the oil pressure chamber, the oil pressure gauge 10 is disposed on the oil pressure chamber, hydraulic oil is introduced into the oil pressure chamber through the oil pressure pump 9 so as to wrap the outside of the elastic sleeve body 1 to provide confining pressure, wherein the magnitude of the confining pressure can be measured by the oil pressure gauge 10.
According to the invention, the elastic sleeve body 1 is used for isolating gas and hydraulic oil, simultaneously ensuring gas adsorption and confining pressure loading, and carrying out confining pressure loading on gas-containing coal rocks or similar rocks, so as to research the dynamic characteristics of gas-solid coupled rocks. Wherein, the elastic sleeve body 1 can adopt a rubber leather sleeve.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, specifically, an exhaust port screw 11 is disposed on the oil pressure chamber, and the gas in the oil pressure chamber can be exhausted by opening the exhaust port screw 11, and in addition, a backflow protection valve 12 can be disposed on an oil filling pipe connecting the oil pressure pump 9 and the oil pressure chamber, so as to ensure the normal operation of the confining pressure loading system.
Referring to fig. 1-3, in some embodiments, the inflation system includes an inflator 13, an inflation control valve 14, and a barometer 22, one end of the inflation tube is communicated with an air source, and the other end is communicated with the space, the inflator 13, the inflation control valve 14, and the barometer 22 are all disposed on the inflation tube, the air source is inflated into the elastic sleeve body 1 through the inflation tube under the pumping action of the inflator 13, and the magnitude of the inflation pressure in the elastic sleeve body 1 can be measured through the barometer 22.
It is understood that the inflation system further includes a vacuum pump 15, an exhaust control valve 16, and an exhaust pipe 17, the exhaust pipe 17 communicating with the space, the vacuum pump 15, the exhaust control valve 16 being provided on the exhaust pipe 17. The inflation system has the functions of air exhaust and inflation, can ensure the purity of gas in the rock, reduces the error of the experiment, and ensures the reliability of the experiment.
In actual design, aerating system can also include waste gas collecting bottle 18, and waste gas collecting bottle 18 passes through waste gas collecting pipe and space intercommunication, is equipped with waste gas control valve 19 on the waste gas collecting pipe, and the experiment is accomplished the back, can collect the specific gas in the elastic sleeve body 1 to waste gas collecting bottle 18 through the waste gas collecting pipe and preserve, realizes harmful gas's collection, improves the security of experiment, and wherein, to coal seam rock specimen, specific gas selects to be gas.
Referring to fig. 1-3, in particular, one of the guide sleeves 2 is provided with an inflation inlet 20, the other guide sleeve 2 is provided with an exhaust outlet 21, the exhaust pipe 17 and the exhaust gas collecting pipe are connected with the exhaust outlet 21, and the inflation inlet 20 is connected with the inflation pipe.
Referring to fig. 1 to 3, the concrete using process of the device for testing dynamic mechanical properties of rock in the gas-solid coupling state is as follows:
the method comprises the following steps: placing an oil pressure cylinder 8 on a Hopkinson test bed, placing liquid sealing rings 6 at two ends of the oil pressure cylinder 8, placing a guide sleeve 2 made of rigid material, sleeving an elastic sleeve body 1, placing the guide sleeve 2 on the right side in alignment with an opening of the elastic sleeve body 1, and finally rotating a left end cover and a right end cover to assemble a confining pressure loading system;
step two: an oil pressure pump 9 is connected with the bottom of an oil pressure cylinder 8 through an oil pressure pipe joint, and a gas backflow protection valve 12 is arranged in the oil pressure pipe to ensure that an oil pressure loading device works normally;
step three: the opening at the left end of the left guide sleeve 2 is connected with a vacuum pump 15 and a waste gas collecting bottle 18 through an air pressure pipe, and the opening at the right end of the right guide sleeve 2 is connected with an inflator pump 13 and an air pressure gauge 22 through the air pressure pipe;
step four: a sealing ring 6 is placed in the outermost end of the guide sleeve 2, and then a rock sample 3, an incident rod 4 and a transmission rod 5 are placed for preparing an experiment;
step five: opening a switch of a vacuum pump 15, extracting redundant gas in the oil pressure cylinder 8, and then closing the vacuum pump 15;
step six: opening the oil pressure pump 9 to inject hydraulic oil, stopping when the oil pressure meter 10 has a reading, then filling the adsorption gas to reach the experimental calibration air pressure, and then standing for several hours according to the experimental requirement;
step seven: opening an oil pressure pump 9 to inject hydraulic oil to enable the oil pressure to reach the specified pressure, and then carrying out an impact test;
step eight: after the experiment was completed, the waste gas was recovered using the waste collection bottle and prepared for the next experiment.
Step nine: and processing the obtained incident wave, reflected wave and transmitted wave data to obtain dynamic mechanical test data of the gas-solid coupling rock sample 3.
Any embodiment disclosed herein above is meant to disclose, unless otherwise indicated, all numerical ranges disclosed as being preferred, and any person skilled in the art would understand that: the preferred ranges are merely those values which are obvious or representative of the technical effect which can be achieved. Since the numerical values are too numerous to be exhaustive, some of the numerical values are disclosed in the present invention to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and the above-mentioned numerical values should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
Meanwhile, if the invention as described above discloses or relates to parts or structural members fixedly connected to each other, the fixedly connected parts can be understood as follows, unless otherwise stated: a detachable fixed connection (for example using bolts or screws) is also understood as: non-detachable fixed connections (e.g. riveting, welding) can, of course, also be replaced by one-piece structures (e.g. manufactured in one piece using a casting process) (unless it is obvious that one-piece processes cannot be used).
In addition, terms used in any technical solutions disclosed in the present invention to indicate positional relationships or shapes include approximate, similar or approximate states or shapes unless otherwise stated. Any part provided by the invention can be assembled by a plurality of independent components, or can be manufactured by an integral forming process.
The above examples are merely illustrative for clearly illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. Nor is it intended to be exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications of the invention may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. The method for testing the dynamic mechanical properties of the rock in a gas-solid coupling state is characterized by adopting the following devices:
the inner part of the elastic sleeve body (1) is matched with a rock sample (3);
the guide sleeve (2) is coaxially and fixedly arranged at two ends of the elastic sleeve body (1);
the confining pressure loading system is arranged outside the elastic sleeve body (1) and is used for applying confining pressure to the rock sample (3);
an incident rod (4) and a transmission rod (5) of the Hopkinson pressure bar test system are respectively installed from the guide sleeves (2) at the two ends of the elastic sleeve body (1) and are in contact with the rock sample (3), and sealing rings (6) are arranged between the incident rod (4) and the transmission rod (5) and the corresponding guide sleeves (2);
the inflation system is used for inflating specific gas into the space between the two sealing rings (6) of the elastic sleeve body (1) so that the specific gas is adsorbed by the rock sample (3);
the method comprises the following steps:
s1, filling specific gas into the space by using an inflation system to reach an experimental calibration air pressure, and then standing for a plurality of hours according to experimental requirements;
s2, applying a set confining pressure to the rock sample (3) through the elastic sleeve body (1) by using a confining pressure loading system;
s3, performing impact test on the rock sample (3) adsorbed with the specific gas and applied with confining pressure by using a Hopkinson pressure bar test system;
s4, measuring a strain waveform diagram by using strain gauges (7) arranged on the incident rod (4) and the transmission rod (5);
s5, correcting the wave forms of the incident wave, the transmitted wave and the reflected wave; wherein,
the corrected incident wave waveform is as follows:
ω`I＝λTωI
the corrected reflected wave and transmitted wave waveforms are:
in the formula: omegaIFor incident wave form, omega' measured by strain gaugesIFor the corrected incident waveform, ωRIs a strain gaugeMeasuring the waveform of the reflected wave; omega' typeRIs the corrected waveform of the reflected wave; omegaTThe measured waveform of the transmitted wave is the strain gauge; omega' systemTFor the modified transmitted wave waveform, λTIs the transmission coefficient;
wherein:
ρ1C1，ρ2C2respectively corresponding to the wave impedance of the rod piece and the sealing ring, and the area ratio of the rod piece to the sealing ring is
A1Is the cross-sectional area of the corresponding rod piece; a. the2The wave impedance and the cross sectional area of the incident rod and the transmission rod are equal to the area of the end face of the corresponding sealing ring;
and S6, analyzing the deformation damage condition of the rock sample by using the corrected incident wave, reflected wave and transmitted wave to obtain accurate dynamic mechanical property data of the rock sample in the gas-solid coupling state.
2. The method for testing the dynamic mechanical properties of the rock in the gas-solid coupling state according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: confining pressure loading system includes an oil pressure cylinder (8), oil pressure pump (9) and oil pressure gauge (10), the elastic sleeve body (1) set up in the oil pressure cylinder (8), uide bushing (2) will the both ends of oil pressure cylinder (8) are sealed to enclose into the oil pressure room, oil pressure pump (9) be used for to the indoor pump hydraulic oil of oil pressure, oil pressure gauge (10) set up in on the oil pressure room.
3. The method for testing dynamic mechanical properties of rock in a gas-solid coupling state according to claim 2, wherein the method comprises the following steps: an exhaust port screw (11) is arranged on the oil pressure chamber.
4. The method for testing the dynamic mechanical properties of the rock in the gas-solid coupling state according to claim 2, wherein: and a backflow protection valve (12) is arranged on an oil filling pipe connecting the oil pressure pump (9) and the oil pressure chamber.
5. The method for testing the dynamic mechanical properties of the rock in the gas-solid coupling state according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the inflation system comprises an inflation pump (13), an inflation control valve (14) and an air pressure meter (22), one end of an inflation tube is communicated with an air source, the other end of the inflation tube is communicated with the space, and the inflation pump (13), the inflation control valve (14) and the air pressure meter (22) are all arranged on the inflation tube.
6. The method for testing the dynamic mechanical properties of the rock in the gas-solid coupling state according to claim 5, wherein: the inflation system further comprises a vacuum pump (15), an exhaust control valve (16) and an exhaust pipe (17), the exhaust pipe (17) is communicated with the space, and the vacuum pump (15) and the exhaust control valve (16) are arranged on the exhaust pipe (17).
7. The method for testing the dynamic mechanical properties of the rock in the gas-solid coupling state according to claim 6, wherein: the inflation system also comprises a waste gas collecting bottle (18), the waste gas collecting bottle (18) is communicated with the space through a waste gas collecting pipe, and a waste gas control valve (19) is arranged on the waste gas collecting pipe.
8. The method for testing the dynamic mechanical properties of the rock in the gas-solid coupling state according to claim 7, wherein: one of them be equipped with inflation inlet (20) on uide bushing (2), another be equipped with gas vent (21) on uide bushing (2), blast pipe (17) and waste gas collecting pipe with gas vent (21) are connected, inflation inlet (20) with the gas tube is connected.
9. The method for testing the dynamic mechanical properties of the rock in the gas-solid coupling state according to claim 1, wherein the concrete solving process of the transmission coefficient in the step S5 is as follows:
when the stress wave is transmitted through the sealing ring interface, the stress on the interface and the particle speed meet the following requirements:
in the formula: sigmaI，σR，σTIncident wave stress, reflected wave stress and transmitted wave stress respectively; v. ofI，vR，vTThe incident wave particle velocity, the reflected wave particle velocity and the transmitted wave particle velocity are respectively;
from the relationship between the velocity of the particles and the stress:
in the formula: rho1C1，ρ2C2The wave impedances of the rod piece and the sealing ring respectively;
the wave impedance of the sealing ring under different air pressures conforms to the following functional relationship:
in the formula: rho0C0Respectively, the wave impedance of the sealing ring when the air pressure p is 0MPa, a and b are coefficients only related to the material of the sealing ring, and eta is a coefficient of the change of the wave impedance of the sealing ring along with the pressure, and is obtained by fitting experimental data;
impedance ratio of wave
Area ratio
The simultaneous above formula is obtained:
in the formula: lambdaTIs the transmission coefficient.
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