CN113280888B - Double-resistor high-precision underground water level measuring instrument and water level calculating method thereof - Google Patents
Double-resistor high-precision underground water level measuring instrument and water level calculating method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113280888B CN113280888B CN202110259176.9A CN202110259176A CN113280888B CN 113280888 B CN113280888 B CN 113280888B CN 202110259176 A CN202110259176 A CN 202110259176A CN 113280888 B CN113280888 B CN 113280888B
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- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 99
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
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- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground water level monitoring, and particularly relates to a double-resistor high-precision underground water level measuring instrument and a water level calculating method thereof. Including being located the first ammeter, second ammeter, control system and the power of ground top, control system contains data acquisition calculation module and communication module, data acquisition calculation module and communication module electric connection to and set up at subaerial first resistance, second resistance, pressure sensing piece and installation tube, control system's communication module and remote monitoring system wireless connection, the lateral wall of installation tube is equipped with the inlet opening in vertical direction, be equipped with first mounting groove and second mounting groove relatively on the installation tube, material, cross section shape and the area of first resistance and second resistance are the same. The technical scheme is used for solving the problem that the traditional underground water level meter is poor in underground water level monitoring effect due to complex underground water level measuring working conditions.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of underground water level monitoring, and particularly relates to a double-resistor high-precision underground water level measuring instrument and a water level calculating method thereof.
Background
The underground water level monitoring is widely applied to the fields of geological disasters, water quality monitoring, environmental monitoring and the like, and has wide applicability. According to the ground water level monitoring data, a basis can be provided for reasonable exploitation of ground water; the underground water level is accurately measured, and a key reference basis can be provided for geological disaster cause analysis and landslide effective early warning.
The most widely used underground water level monitoring at present is a pontoon type water level meter, a pressure sensing type water level meter and the like. The use of the float type water level gauge is limited by drilling quality (drilling inclination) and the like, the suspension cable is easy to influence the use of the instrument due to expansion with heat and contraction with cold, knotting, wire clamping and the like, and after the float and the heavy hammer are used for a long time, the test precision and the use of the instrument are also influenced due to rust or dirt contamination and the like; the pressure sensing type water level meter converts the pressure of underground water into hydrostatic pressure for conversion, in the actual geological process, the underground water tends to flow, the turbidity, mineral composition, content and the like of the underground water change along with time and geological conditions, and the density of the underground water tends to change, so that the actual depth of the underground water and the calculated depth obtained according to the water pressure deviate, and therefore, the measuring method has errors, and even larger errors under certain special conditions.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the technology, the invention aims to provide a double-resistor high-precision underground water level measuring instrument and a water level calculating method thereof, which are used for solving the problem that the traditional underground water level meter has poor underground water level monitoring effect due to complex underground water level measuring working conditions.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
The utility model provides a two resistance high accuracy groundwater level measuring apparatu, includes control system, first ammeter, second ammeter and the power that are located above ground, control system contains data acquisition calculation module and communication module, data acquisition calculation module and communication module electric connection, and set up first resistance, second resistance, pressure sensing piece and the mounting tube in the subsurface, control system's communication module and remote monitoring system wireless connection, be equipped with first mounting groove and second mounting groove relatively on the mounting tube, the material, the cross sectional shape and the area of first resistance and second resistance are the same, pressure sensing piece and first resistance all set up in first mounting groove, and are equipped with the installation clearance between the two, the second resistance sets up in the second mounting groove, the both sides of pressure sensing piece and the inboard opening border elastic seal connection of first mounting groove, when receiving outside water pressure, the pressure sensing piece is equipped with the opposite side that the pressure sensing piece is equipped with the conducting layer towards it with the opposite side of conducting layer, the pressure sensing piece is equipped with the opposite side of conducting layer and is equipped with automatic the reset when losing;
One pole of the power supply is electrically connected with the lower end of the conducting layer through a wire, the other pole of the power supply is electrically connected with the upper end of the first resistor through a wire, the first ammeter is arranged on the wire between the power supply and the conducting layer, the second resistor, the second ammeter and the power supply form a loop, and the first ammeter and the second ammeter are electrically connected with a data acquisition and calculation module of the control system.
The remote monitoring system is an existing software control system for monitoring and controlling geological disasters, water quality and environment, and is mainly used for receiving water level monitoring data of a water level measuring instrument, and performing functions of analysis, recording, judgment and the like.
Further limited, the conductive layer is any one of a conductive coating, a conductive wire and a conductive sheet, and the conductive layer is beneficial in that any one of the conductive coating, the conductive wire and the conductive sheet is arranged on the pressure sensing sheet, so that the influence on the deformation performance of the pressure sensing sheet is small, namely, the pressure sensing sheet is deformed by the small pressure, and the sensitivity of monitoring the underground water level is improved.
Further limiting, the connecting wires of the power supply, the first ammeter and the second ammeter are arranged in the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove, and the connecting wires are beneficial in that the connecting wires are arranged in the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove, so that the complexity of the mounting pipe can be simplified, the mounting pipe is more convenient and faster in mounting, and when a plurality of mounting pipes are spliced, the ends of the wires can be arranged at the ends of the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove, namely, when the plurality of mounting pipes are spliced, the wires can be spliced and communicated.
Further limited, the installation tube can carry out a plurality of sections of concatenation according to the degree of depth of actual measurement water level, the tip of adjacent installation tube adopts threaded connection, and the tip of adjacent installation tube screws up the back, and adjacent first resistance is at its axial projection coincidence, adjacent the threaded connection portion of installation tube is equipped with sealing washer, is located the lower extreme the installation tube is equipped with sealed end, the upper end of first resistance and conducting layer in the installation tube respectively is equipped with the spring, and the lower extreme of first resistance and conducting layer is equipped with the conducting strip respectively, and its advantage lies in, and splice installation can make this instrument to the range of groundwater level measurement bigger, and be convenient for install and transport, and the accessible sets up the spring pin at the link of installation tube of top, and the link that is located the installation tube of below sets up the form of recess carries out spacing to threaded connection, or through the mode that sets up the identification line at the surface of installation tube to threaded connection carries out the position limiting, all can guarantee that adjacent first resistance, conducting layer and pressure sensing piece can splice together smoothly respectively, after the concatenation simultaneously, will contact each other between spring and the conducting strip, can guarantee simultaneously closely to get into between first conducting layer and the inside seal groove and the mutual water that can prevent that the first seal groove from entering into the first seal groove.
Further limiting, the bottom of the installation tube is provided with a sand discharge hole, and the upper end of the installation tube is provided with high-pressure cleaning equipment. At this time, only high-pressure water is required to be injected downwards from the upper end of the installation pipe through the high-pressure cleaning equipment, the high-pressure water can impact the sediment inside the installation pipe, so that the sediment is discharged through the sediment discharge hole at the bottom, the influence of sediment precipitation on water level measurement is eliminated, and more preferably, when the installation pipe is cleaned by using the high-pressure equipment, water pumping is carried out outside the installation pipe by assisting a water pump, the mixture of the sediment and the water inside the installation pipe is pumped out, and the sediment removal effect in the installation pipe is improved.
Further limited, the upper surface of the sealing end is an inclined plane, and the sand discharge hole is positioned on the wall of the installation pipe at the lower position of the bottom surface.
Further limiting, still including setting up the protective sleeve in the installation pipe outside, the last second inlet opening that has from last to having down of protective sleeve, the joint is fixed between installation pipe and the protective sleeve, and its beneficial lies in, the inside and outside of second inlet opening on the protective sleeve will install the pipe communicate, make this water level measuring apparatu can normal work, and the installation of protective sleeve makes this measuring instrument can be applicable to the drilling and does not have the quick installation and the measurement of instrument under the adverse conditions such as sleeve pipe dado measure, borehole wall rock soil stability are poor, forms better protection to the instrument, prolongs measuring apparatu's life.
Further limited, be provided with the switch on control system's the communication module, the switch sets up in the lock case, and its beneficial lies in, when carrying out silt washing to field installation measuring apparatu, can close this communication module's switch, avoids it to send wrong groundwater level monitoring data to remote monitoring system, and the purpose of setting up in the lock case is, can only operate by appointed staff, avoids other people to destroy and maloperation.
Further limiting, the two sides of the first resistor are provided with insulating limiting blocks, the pressure sensing piece comprises elastic pieces on the two sides and a rigid piece in the middle, the width of the rigid piece is larger than that of the first resistor, and the conducting layer is arranged on the surface of the rigid piece facing the direction of the first resistor.
The water level calculating method of the double-resistor high-precision underground water level measuring instrument comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Let the length of the second resistor be L 0, the resistance be R 2, the second current measured by the second current meter be I 0, the power supply voltage be U 0, then there are: i 0＝U0/R2.
(2) Let well deviation (the contained angle of drilling central line and plumb line) angle be alpha (instrument central axis inclination is unanimous with well deviation angle when the installation), the length of first resistance is L, when the water level changes to h height, pressure sensing piece is owing to the hydraulic pressure effect, and the first resistance can be hugged closely to the part below h to make first resistance upper portion length be L- (h/cos alpha) part by switch-on, first amperometric survey electric current is I, has at this moment: i=u 0/RL-(h/cosα).
(3) Since the first resistor U 0 and the second resistor U 0 are equal, there are: i 0·R2＝I·RL-(h/cosα);
Further, there are: r L-(h/cosα)/R2＝I0/I;
Since the cross-sectional areas of the resistor 1 and the resistor 2 and the resistivity of the material are the same, the following are: r L-(h/cosα)/R2＝[L-(h/cosα)]/L0;
Derived from the combination of the two formulas: l- (h/cos α) = (I 0/I)·L0.
(4) When the device is installed, the elevation of the installation orifice is measurable (set as H 0), and the derivation of the groundwater level elevation H can be obtained:
h=h 0-[L-(h/cosα)]·cosα＝H0-(I0/I)·L0 ·cos α, and the height of the ground water level at this time can be calculated by taking a known amount.
When the borehole is vertical, the well deviation α=0°, where cos α=1, where there is: h=h 0-(I0/I)·L0.
The calculation method can be installed in a data acquisition calculation module of the control system in a program mode, according to specific parameters of an actual measurement point of groundwater, the known data of the orifice height H 0, the well inclination angle alpha and the length L 0 of the second resistor in the program are manually modified or written, and the current I 0 of the second ammeter and the current I of the first ammeter acquired in real time are combined, so that the height of the measured groundwater level is automatically calculated. The underground water level height of any well deviation can be measured accurately.
The invention has the following technical effects: the invention can realize the high-precision measurement of the total hole depth of the underground water level by a double-resistance current measurement mode, and can avoid the problem that the underground water density is different due to different flowing states of the underground water and different turbidity of the underground water and different mineral components and contents, thereby influencing the measurement precision, and simultaneously can avoid the problem of errors caused by the change of single-resistance resistivity due to environmental factors such as temperature change and the like. In addition, the measuring instrument has simple structure and low cost, has low requirements on the drilling quality and the hole wall stability of the underground water level detection hole, and can be suitable for underground position measurement of any well deviation. And the main measuring parts of the measuring instrument are all pulled to the ground for arrangement, the underground is free of core parts, the equipment is convenient to maintain and repair, the long-term use of the equipment can be ensured, and the service life is prolonged.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing the overall structure of a water level gauge according to the present embodiment.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of circuit connection in the water level gauge according to the present embodiment.
Fig. 3 is a schematic bottom cross-sectional view of the mounting tube in this embodiment.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram showing a front sectional view of the water level gauge in this embodiment.
Fig. 5 is a cross-sectional view of a schematic diagram of a splicing of installation tubes in this embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a schematic horizontal cross-section of the protective sleeve in this embodiment.
The device comprises a mounting tube 1, a first resistor 2, a second resistor 3, a pressure sensing piece 4, a first water inlet hole 5, a sand discharge hole 6, a first ammeter 7, a second ammeter 8, a power supply 9, a cleaning tube 10, a conducting layer 11, a protective sleeve 12, a mounting ground 13, a spring 14, an insulating limiting block 15, a conducting piece 16 and a clamping ring 17.
Detailed Description
The following is a further detailed description of the embodiments:
As shown in fig. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the specific structure of the dual-resistor high-precision underground water level measuring instrument mainly comprises a first resistor 2, a second resistor 3, a pressure sensing piece 4, a first ammeter 7, a second ammeter 8 and a power supply 9, in this embodiment, the materials, the cross section shape and the area of the first resistor 2 and the cross section shape of the second resistor 3 are the same, and the length of the second resistor 3 is known data during installation, namely, the length of an access circuit of the first resistor 2 can be calculated through the current value of the power supply 9 flowing through the first resistor 2 and the second resistor 3. The related values measured by the first ammeter 7 and the second ammeter 8 are transmitted to a data acquisition and calculation module of the control system, and the known parameters input in the control system in advance, such as the orifice elevation, the well inclination angle and the length of the second resistor are combined to calculate, so that the corresponding underground water height is obtained. And then the data is transmitted back to the remote monitoring system in a wireless way through a communication module of the control system. The specific connection structure in this embodiment is as follows, the first resistor 2 and the pressure sensing piece 4 are installed in the up-down position, the two ends are provided with the fixed blocks, so as to be convenient for fixing and installing, and a certain gap is left in the middle, in this embodiment, the width of the gap is 2-8mm, preferably 4mm, the pressure sensing piece 4 is similar to an elastic sheet, after one side receives external pressure, the elastic sheet will displace towards the other direction, the pressure sensing piece 4 of the pressed part will closely contact with the first resistor 2 while displacing, in order to realize the conduction of the pressure sensing piece 4, a conductive layer 11 is arranged on one side of the pressure sensing piece 4 facing the gap, in this embodiment, the conductive layer 11 can be any one of a conductive coating, a conductive wire and a conductive piece, which is beneficial in that any one of the conductive coating, the conductive wire and the conductive piece is arranged on the pressure sensing piece 4, that has small influence on the deformation performance of the pressure sensing piece 4, that is, the small pressure will make the pressure sensing piece 4 generate close contact with the first resistor 2, in order to realize the conduction of the pressure sensing piece 4, the sensitivity monitoring of the underground water level is improved.
As shown in fig. 3, preferably, two sides of the first resistor 2 are provided with insulating limiting blocks 15, the insulating limiting blocks 15 are fixed on the side walls of the first mounting groove, the pressure sensing piece 4 comprises elastic pieces 4.1 on two sides and a rigid piece 4.2 in the middle, the width of the rigid piece 4.2 is larger than that of the first resistor, and the rigid piece 4.1 can be bent and deformed in the vertical direction, is rigid in the horizontal direction, and is similar to a common corrugated plate. The conductive layer 11 is arranged on the surface of the rigid sheet 4.2 facing the direction of the first resistor 2, and is beneficial in that when the groundwater level is deeper, under the action of water pressure, the elastic sheets 4.1 on two sides deform towards the direction of the first resistor 2, so that the conductive layer 11 on the middle rigid sheet 4.2 is driven to be in contact with the first resistor 2, thereby a circuit is connected for water level measurement, deformation extrusion force generated by the elastic sheets 4.1 acts on the surface of the insulating limiting block 15 more, the first resistor 2 is not subjected to excessive deformation pressure of the pressure sensing sheet 4, deformation cannot occur, and the accuracy of water level measurement is ensured.
In order to avoid the gap between the pressure sensing piece 4 and the first resistor 2 from entering water, the underground water level measurement accuracy is affected, two sides of the pressure sensing piece 4 can be directly and integrally and seamlessly installed with the inner wall of the first installation groove on the installation pipe 1, and in the embodiment, a fusion welding mode is adopted, so that the waterproof effect is better.
The circuit connection relation of the water level measuring instrument is that one part of the circuit connection relation is that the positive electrode of the power supply 9 is electrically connected with the lower end of the conducting layer 11 through a wire, the negative electrode of the power supply 9 is electrically connected with one end of the first resistor 2 above the water surface through a wire, the first ammeter 7 is connected on the wire connected between the power supply 9 and the conducting layer in series, the circuit connection mode of the second part is that the second resistor 3 and the second ammeter 8 are connected on the positive electrode and the negative electrode of the power supply 9 in series, and certainly, the circuit and the wire positioned at the underwater part in the embodiment are waterproof sealed, which belongs to the common knowledge of the person skilled in the art.
In order to realize protecting above-mentioned water level measuring apparatu, still be equipped with installation tube 1 in the outside of above-mentioned water level measuring apparatu, equidistant first inlet port 5 is equipped with from top to bottom on installation tube 1, wall thickness inside at installation tube 1 is equipped with first mounting groove and second mounting groove, the inside and outside of first mounting groove and installation tube 1 do not communicate, the second mounting groove is located the inside and outside intercommunication of installation tube 1 and installation tube, second resistance 3 is fixed in the bottom of second mounting groove, guarantee that first resistance and second resistance are in same environment, avoid the change of external factors such as temperature to cause the resistivity of first resistance and second resistance to have great difference, first resistance 2 and pressure sensing piece 4 are installed in first mounting groove, pressure sensing piece 4 is direct with the integrative seamless installation of installation tube 1 inner wall in this embodiment, be convenient for waterproof.
Preferably, the power supply 9, the first ammeter 7 and the second ammeter 8 in this embodiment can be guided to the ground along the wires arranged in the first installation groove and the second installation groove for installation, so that the installation and maintenance of the instrument are facilitated, the service life of the instrument can be prolonged, the solar panel is adopted in this embodiment to charge the storage battery, the mode that the storage battery supplies power to the whole circuit ensures the normal operation of the equipment in the field, meanwhile, the wires are arranged in the first installation groove and the second installation groove, the complexity of the installation pipe can be simplified, the installation pipe is more convenient and faster in installation, and the ends of the wires can be arranged at the ends of the first installation groove and the second installation groove when the installation pipes 1 are spliced, namely, the wires can be spliced and communicated when the installation pipes are spliced.
Preferably, be equipped with the sediment hole 6 in the bottom of installing pipe 1, the upper end of installing pipe 1 is equipped with high pressure cleaning equipment, high pressure cleaning equipment mainly includes water pump and wash pipe 10, and this kind of benefit lies in, after long-term use this water level measuring apparatu, silt can enter into installing pipe 1 through first inlet opening 5, and form silt siltation sediment, only need pour into the high-pressure water downwards through high pressure cleaning equipment from the upper end of installing pipe 1 this moment, the sediment of high pressure water will strike the inside of installing pipe 1, make it discharge through sediment hole 6 and first inlet opening 5 in bottom, simultaneously draw water at the instrument outside with the suction pump, can deposit silt sediment after long-term use outside discharge instrument and the drilling, thereby eliminate the influence of silt sediment to water level measurement. Preferably, the bottom surface of the installation tube 1 is inclined, and the sand discharge holes 6 are positioned on the wall of the installation tube 1 at the lower position of the bottom surface, so that the sediment is conveniently collected at the lower position of the bottom surface, and is more easily discharged through the sand discharge holes 6. Preferably, a switch is arranged on a communication module of the control system and is arranged in the lock box, and the lock box is beneficial in that when silt flushing is carried out on a field installation measuring instrument, the switch of the communication module can be closed, so that the communication module is prevented from sending wrong ground water level monitoring data to a remote monitoring system, and the lock box is arranged in the lock box, so that only staff can operate, and damage and misoperation of other people are avoided.
As shown in fig. 6, in order to further improve the practicality and safety of the water level measuring apparatus, the water level measuring apparatus can adapt to more complicated and severe working conditions such as no sleeve pipe wall protection measure, poor stability of rock and soil of the borehole wall, and the like, and prolong the service life of the water level measuring apparatus, a protection sleeve 12 is arranged on the outer side of the installation pipe 1, and second water inlets are arranged on the protection sleeve 12 from top to bottom at equal intervals, and the second water inlets communicate the inside and the outside of the installation pipe 1. The connection mode of installation tube 1 and protection sleeve 12 is, is equipped with joint ring 17 in the inside upper and lower end of protection sleeve 12, and the circumference is equipped with welding lug on the lateral surface of joint ring 17, and welding lug and protection sleeve's inner wall welding, installation tube 1 only need place in the middle part through-hole of joint ring 17 can. Preferably, a protective rubber gasket layer can be arranged on the inner wall of the middle through hole of the clamping ring 17, so that the mounting tube 1 is prevented from rigidly contacting with the clamping ring 17, and the mounting tube 1 can be further protected from collision and scratch.
As shown in fig. 5, preferably, the installation tube 1 can be spliced according to the depth of the actual measured water level, in order to ensure the splicing effect, the installation tube 1, the first resistor 2 and the pressure sensing piece 4 are 2-5m in length, preferably 5m, the end parts of the adjacent installation tubes 1 are connected by threads, after the end parts of the adjacent installation tubes 1 are screwed down, the projection of the adjacent first resistor 2 in the vertical direction is overlapped, the threaded connection part of the adjacent installation tubes 1 is provided with a sealing gasket, the installation tube 1 at the lowermost end is provided with a sealing end, the upper ends of the first resistor 2 and the conducting layer 11 in the installation tube are respectively provided with a spring 14, the springs 14 are low-resistivity springs, and the purpose is to influence the resistivity of the first resistor 2 as small as possible, and the lower end of the conducting layer 11 are respectively provided with a conducting piece 16. Meanwhile, in the embodiment, the wires in each section of installation tube 1 are connected in a connecting mode between adjacent first resistors during splicing, so that the conducting effect is guaranteed. And the upper end of the first resistor is independently provided with an elastic conducting strip, so that the conducting effect after splicing is ensured.
The water level calculating method of the double-resistor high-precision underground water level measuring instrument comprises the following steps: (1) Let the length of the second resistor be L 0, the resistance be R 2, the second current measured by the second current meter be I 0, the power supply voltage be U 0, then there are: i 0＝U0/R2.
(2) Let well deviation (the contained angle of drilling central line and plumb line) angle be alpha, instrument central axis inclination and well deviation angle unanimity when the installation, the length of first resistance is L, and when the water level was changed to h height, pressure sensing piece can hug closely first resistance owing to the hydraulic pressure effect, and the part below h to make first resistance upper portion length be L- (h/cos alpha) part by switch-on, first amperometric survey electric current is I, has at this moment: i=u 0/RL-(h/cosα).
(3) Since the first resistor U 0 and the second resistor U 0 are equal, there are: i 0·R2＝I·RL-(h/cosα);
Further, there are: r L-(h/cosα)/R2＝I0/I;
Since the cross-sectional areas of the resistor 1 and the resistor 2 and the resistivity of the material are the same, the following are: r L-(h/cosα)/R2＝[L-(h/cosα)]/L0;
Derived from the combination of the two formulas: l- (h/cos α) = (I 0/I)·L0.
(4) When the device is installed, the elevation of the installation orifice is measurable (set as H 0), and the derivation of the groundwater level elevation H can be obtained:
h=h 0-[L-(h/cosα)]·cosα＝H0-(I0/I)·L0 ·cos α, and the height of the ground water level at this time can be calculated by taking a known amount.
When the borehole is vertical, the well deviation α=0°, where cos α=1, where there is: h=h 0-(I0/I)·L0.
It should be noted in advance that, in the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, terms such as "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art according to the specific circumstances.
The foregoing is merely exemplary embodiments of the present application, and specific structures and features that are well known in the art are not described in detail herein. It should be noted that modifications and improvements can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the structure of the present application, and these should also be considered as the scope of the present application, which does not affect the effect of the implementation of the present application and the utility of the patent. The protection scope of the present application is subject to the content of the claims, and the description of the specific embodiments and the like in the specification can be used for explaining the content of the claims.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a high accuracy underground water level measuring apparatu of double resistor, its characterized in that, including the first ammeter that is located above ground, second ammeter, control system and power, control system contains data acquisition calculation module and communication module, data acquisition calculation module and communication module electric connection, and set up the first resistance in ground, the second resistance, pressure sensing piece and installation tube, control system's communication module and remote monitoring system wireless connection, the lateral wall of installation tube is equipped with the inlet opening in vertical direction, be equipped with first mounting groove and second mounting groove relatively on the installation tube, the material, the cross sectional shape and the area of first resistance and second resistance are the same, the second resistance sets up in the second mounting groove, first resistance and pressure sensing piece install in first mounting groove in proper order, and be equipped with the installation clearance between the two, the both sides of pressure sensing piece and the inboard opening border elastic seal connection of first mounting groove, the position produces the bending outwards when receiving external water pressure, and the side that disappears with first resistance, the side that the pressure sensing piece is equipped with the side and reset and be equipped with the insulating layer when the side is reset and reset;
One pole of the power supply is electrically connected with the lower end of the conducting layer through a wire, the other pole of the power supply is electrically connected with the upper end of the first resistor through a wire, the first ammeter is arranged on the wire between the power supply and the conducting layer, the second resistor, the second ammeter and the power supply form a loop, and the first ammeter and the second ammeter are electrically connected with a data acquisition and calculation module of the control system;
The installation pipes can be spliced in a plurality of sections according to the depth of the actual measured water level, the end parts of the adjacent installation pipes are in threaded connection, after the end parts of the adjacent installation pipes are screwed up, the projections of the adjacent first resistors in the axial direction of the installation pipes are overlapped, the threaded connection parts of the adjacent installation pipes are provided with sealing gaskets, the installation pipes at the bottommost end are provided with sealing ends, the upper ends of the first resistors and the conducting layers in the installation pipes are respectively provided with a spring, and the lower ends of the first resistors and the conducting layers are respectively provided with a conducting sheet;
The pressure sensing piece comprises elastic pieces on two sides and a rigid piece in the middle, the width of the rigid piece is larger than that of the first resistor, and the conducting layer is arranged on the surface of the rigid piece facing the direction of the first resistor.
2. The dual-resistance high-precision subsurface water level measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein the conductive layer is any one of a conductive coating, a wire and a conductive sheet.
3. The dual resistance high precision subsurface water level measuring instrument as recited in claim 1, wherein the connecting wires of the power source, the first ammeter and the second ammeter are disposed in the first mounting groove and the second mounting groove.
4. The double-resistor high-precision underground water level measuring instrument according to claim 1, wherein a sand discharging hole is formed in the bottom of the installation tube, and high-pressure cleaning equipment is arranged at the upper end of the installation tube.
5. The dual resistance high accuracy subsurface water level measuring instrument as claimed in claim 4, wherein the upper surface of said sealing end is a slope, and said sand discharge hole is located on the wall of the installation tube at the lower position of the bottom surface.
6. The double-resistor high-precision underground water level measuring instrument according to claim 5, further comprising a protective sleeve arranged on the outer side of the mounting tube, wherein the protective sleeve is provided with a second water inlet hole from top to bottom, and the mounting tube and the protective sleeve are clamped and fixed.
7. The dual resistance high precision groundwater level gauge according to claim 1, wherein a switch is provided on a communication module of the control system, the switch being provided in a lock box.
8. The water level calculating method of the double-resistor high-precision underground water level measuring instrument according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the specific steps are as follows:
(1) Let the length of the second resistor be L 0, the resistance be R 2, the second current measured by the second current meter be I 0 , the power supply voltage be U 0, then there are: i 0= U0/R2;
(2) Let well inclination angle be alpha, the length of first resistance be L, when the water level changes to h height, pressure sensing piece is owing to the hydraulic pressure effect, and the part below h can hug closely first resistance to make the part that first resistance upper portion length is L- (h/cos alpha) put through, first amperometric survey electric current is I, has at this moment: i=u 0/RL-(h/cosα);
(3) Since the power supply voltages of the first resistor and the second resistor are equal, there are: i 0·R2=I·RL-(h/cosα);
further, there are: r L-(h/cosα)/ R2=I0/I;
Since the first resistance and the second resistance have the same cross-sectional area and material resistivity, there are: r L-(h/cosα)/ R2=[L-(h/cosα)]/ L0;
Thus: l- (h/cos α) = (I 0/I)·L0;
(4) When in installation, the elevation of the installation orifice is H 0, and the elevation H of the underground water level is obtained through deduction according to the following formula:
H= H0-[L-(h/cosα)]·cosα= H0- (I0/I)·L0·cosα。
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