CN113280859B - On-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environment parameters and operation method thereof - Google Patents
On-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environment parameters and operation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environment parameters and an operation method thereof, and relates to a non-electric variable control or regulation system which is characterized by using an electric device, wherein the system comprises a power supply, a controller, an illumination temperature and humidity transmitter, a standard soil temperature and humidity sensor, a non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor, a data transmission unit, a cloud monitoring and control platform, a water pump, a carbon dioxide concentration transmitter, an RS485 bus and a TTL-to-RS 485 module, and the system can timely acquire the environment temperature, the air humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration, the illumination intensity, the soil humidity and the soil temperature of a greenhouse and can monitor the environment temperature, the air humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration, the illumination intensity, the soil humidity and the soil temperature at the cloud end; wherein to soil moisture, can carry out online calibration to it, can monitor the soil moisture data before and after the calibration at the high in the clouds, overcome the parameter of the monitoring that prior art's greenhouse vegetation automatic monitoring system exists comprehensive inadequately, can not carry out the defect of long-range online monitoring moreover.
Description
Technical Field
The technical scheme of the invention relates to a non-electric variable control or regulation system which is characterized by using an electric device, in particular to an online monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environmental parameters and an operation method thereof.
Background
The growing environment of plants directly influences the growing state of plants and the yield of the plants, and with the rise of plants cultivated in greenhouses nowadays, sensors are not easily damaged by other environments such as wind and rain in the greenhouses, so that monitoring the growing environment of the plants in the greenhouses becomes easier to implement. With the development of sensor technology, microcontroller technology and internet of things technology, on-line monitoring of greenhouse parameters becomes feasible.
The parameters monitored in the greenhouse mainly comprise temperature, humidity, illumination intensity, soil humidity and soil temperature, and the sensors can be directly placed in the greenhouse for monitoring due to the fact that the temperature, the humidity, the carbon dioxide concentration and the illumination intensity in the greenhouse, but the soil humidity sensor needs to be placed in soil for measuring if the soil humidity is monitored. Various erosion elements and the like in soil may destroy the accuracy of the measurement of the soil temperature and humidity sensor, so that a calibration technique needs to be added to the soil sensor.
CN201820682964.2 discloses a greenhouse plant growth remote monitoring and compensation control device, which only monitors the temperature, humidity and illumination intensity in a greenhouse, and the monitored parameters are not comprehensive enough and can not be remotely monitored on line. CN201611120795.5 discloses a greenhouse plant growth automatic monitoring system, and the device can not realize that people monitor and control in a long-range manner, and the parameter of monitoring is also not comprehensive enough.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: providing an online monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environment parameters and an operation method thereof, timely collecting the environment temperature, air humidity, carbon dioxide concentration, illumination intensity, soil humidity and soil temperature of the greenhouse, and monitoring at the cloud; wherein to soil moisture, can carry out online calibration to it, can monitor the soil moisture data before the calibration in the high in the clouds, overcome the parameter of the monitoring that prior art's greenhouse vegetation automatic monitoring system exists comprehensive inadequately, can not carry out the defect of long-range online monitoring moreover.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: on-line monitoring system of greenhouse plant growth environment parameter, including power, controller, illumination temperature and humidity transmitter, standard soil temperature and humidity sensor, non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor, data transmission unit, high in the clouds monitoring and control platform, water pump, carbon dioxide concentration transmitter, RS485 bus, TTL change RS485 module, the connected mode of above-mentioned each part is: the power supply is respectively connected with the controller, the illumination temperature and humidity transmitter, the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor, the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor, the data transmission unit, the water pump and the carbon dioxide concentration transmitter through leads and supplies power to the controller, the illumination temperature and humidity transmitter, the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor, the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor, the data transmission unit, the water pump and the carbon dioxide concentration transmitter; the controller is connected with the illumination temperature and humidity transmitter, the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor, the nonstandard soil temperature and humidity sensor, the data transmission unit and the carbon dioxide concentration transmitter through an RS485 bus; the controller is connected with the water pump through a lead; the data transmission unit is connected with the cloud monitoring and control unit through the SIM card; the TTL to RS485 module is arranged in the controller.
Above-mentioned online monitoring system of greenhouse plant growth environmental parameter, the RS485 bus adopts the Modbus agreement, can carry 32 equipment at most on the bus, removes an equipment address that STM32F103 development board was occupied, can carry 15 groups illumination temperature and humidity transmitter and FDR-100 sensor.
The power supply is used for supplying electric energy required by other components in the system; the cloud monitoring and control platform is used for monitoring the temperature, humidity, illumination intensity, carbon dioxide concentration, soil humidity measured by a non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor and soil humidity measured by a calibrated standard soil temperature and humidity sensor in real time on line to form an inquiry frame and send a control command downwards; the data transmission unit is used for receiving query frames from the cloud detection and control platform, issuing the query frames, receiving response frames from the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor, the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor and the controller, and uploading the response frames; the controller is used for receiving the query frame from the data transmission unit, analyzing the query frame, checking whether data information of a standard soil temperature and humidity sensor and a non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor is collected or not, and analyzing and calibrating the soil humidity; the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor is used for measuring soil humidity data before calibration; the illumination temperature and humidity transmitter is used for measuring three data of air humidity, air temperature and illumination intensity in the greenhouse; the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor is used for measuring the calibrated soil humidity data; the water pump is used for watering soil according to instructions; the carbon dioxide concentration transmitter is used for measuring carbon dioxide concentration data in the air in the greenhouse; the TTL to RS485 module plays a role in: one end of the controller is connected with the controller, the other end of the controller is connected with the RS485 bus, the level which can be identified by the controller is converted with the level on the RS485 bus, so that the data level sent by the controller can be transmitted on the RS485 bus, and the data transmitted on the RS485 bus can be identified by the controller.
In the on-line monitoring system for the growth environment parameters of the greenhouse plants, a power supply, a controller, an illumination temperature and humidity transmitter, a standard soil temperature and humidity sensor, a non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor, a data transmission unit, a water pump and a carbon dioxide concentration transmitter are all obtained by commerce; the cloud monitoring and control platform adopts a cloud platform of a 'manned cloud console'.
According to the online greenhouse parameter monitoring and soil temperature and humidity sensor calibration system, components of the components are obtained through a known way.
The operation method of the on-line monitoring system for the greenhouse plant growth environment parameters specifically comprises the following operations: setting a timing task on a cloud monitoring and control platform of the system, wherein the timing task is a calibration instruction for calibrating the soil humidity once every three months; cloud monitoring and control platform still sets up the instruction of downward sending, and these instructions have: the method comprises the steps of reading data of an illumination temperature and humidity transmitter, reading carbon dioxide concentration data of a carbon dioxide concentration transmitter, reading soil humidity data before calibration measured by a non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor and reading soil humidity data after calibration measured by a standard soil temperature and humidity sensor; a computer program for identifying a data transmission unit query frame is pre-written in a controller of the system, then all the components of the system are connected, a power supply is turned on to start the system, the controller is initialized firstly, then a calibration instruction for calibrating the soil humidity for one time is determined according to whether the controller receives a timing task set by a cloud monitoring and control platform transmitted by the data transmission unit on an RS485 bus, when the calibration instruction is determined, a timing watering function is started, namely a water pump is started at regular time, soil inserted with a standard soil temperature and humidity sensor and a non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor is watered for 5 seconds at the same time every one minute until the soil humidity measured by the two soil temperature and humidity sensors for three times continuously does not rise any more, the controller stores all humidity data measured by the two soil temperature and humidity sensors of the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor and the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor in a period of time in an array in a memory of the controller, and carries out cubic spline fitting on the data measured by the two sensors of the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor and the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor by adopting an interpolation method respectively, namely, two groups of data are fitted into cubic function curves of humidity and watering times respectively, wherein the data measured by the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor continuously for three times are fitted into cubic function curves of humidity and watering amount which are called standard curves, the data measured by the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor continuously for three times are fitted into cubic function curves of humidity and watering amount which are called non-standard curves, the standard curves and the non-standard curves are subtracted to obtain a middle difference curve of soil humidity, and the soil humidity data collected by the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor are compensated according to the middle difference curve of soil humidity, so far, the received calibration instruction is completed; when the cloud monitoring and control platform sends an instruction for reading data in the illumination temperature and humidity transmitter, the instruction is received by the data transmission unit and then sent to the RS485 bus, the illumination temperature and humidity transmitter connected to the RS485 bus can return three data of air humidity, environment temperature and illumination intensity in the greenhouse, which are measured by the illumination temperature and humidity transmitter, to the RS485 bus, the data transmission unit reads four data of the air humidity, the environment temperature, the illumination intensity and the soil temperature on the RS485 bus, and then returns the data to the cloud monitoring and control platform and displays the data on the platform; when the cloud monitoring and control platform sends an instruction for reading carbon dioxide concentration data in the greenhouse, which is measured by the carbon dioxide concentration transmitter, the instruction is received by the data transmission unit and then sent to the RS485 bus, the carbon dioxide concentration transmitter connected to the RS485 bus sends the carbon dioxide concentration data in the air back to the RS485 bus, and the data transmission unit reads the carbon dioxide concentration data on the RS485 bus, returns the data to the cloud monitoring and control platform and displays the data on the platform; when the cloud monitoring and control platform sends an instruction for reading soil humidity data before calibration, the data transmission unit sends the instruction to the RS485 bus after receiving the instruction, the nonstandard soil temperature and humidity sensor returns soil humidity data and soil temperature data measured by the nonstandard soil temperature and humidity sensor to the RS485 bus after receiving the instruction, at the moment, the data transmission unit and the controller read the soil humidity data and the soil temperature data measured by the nonstandard soil temperature and humidity sensor on the RS485 bus, the data are returned to the cloud monitoring and control platform by the data transmission unit and displayed on the platform, the displayed soil humidity is the soil humidity before calibration, and simultaneously, after the controller receives the soil humidity data and the soil temperature data before calibration on the RS485 bus, the soil humidity value before calibration is added with a difference value corresponding to the soil humidity value in the middle difference curve, so that the soil humidity data after calibration are obtained; when the cloud monitoring and control platform sends and reads the calibrated soil humidity data instruction, the data transmission unit sends the instruction to the RS485 bus, the controller receives the instruction and then sends the calibrated accurate soil humidity data to the RS485 bus, and at the moment, the data transmission unit reads the calibrated accurate soil humidity data from the RS485 bus, returns the calibrated accurate soil humidity data to the cloud monitoring and control platform and displays the calibrated accurate soil humidity data on the platform.
The method for fitting the cubic function curve is a method well known in the technical field, and other operation methods can be mastered by a person skilled in the art.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: compared with the prior art, the invention has the following prominent substantive characteristics:
(1) The invention provides an improvement method for measuring soil humidity based on data collected by the Internet of things, which is based on the overall structure of data collected by the agricultural Internet of things. Based on the above concept, the on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environment parameters and the operation method thereof adopt two soil temperature and humidity sensors, namely a standard soil temperature and humidity sensor and a non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor, in a calibration mode, equal amount of watering is respectively carried out on the soil of the same kind where the two sensors are located, the two sensors are respectively used for collecting soil humidity every other one minute, scattering points are fitted into a cubic function curve between the soil humidity and watering times, and the two curves are compared to obtain a middle difference curve; when the cloud monitoring and control platform sends a soil data reading instruction, the on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environment parameters compensates and calibrates the collected soil humidity data according to the intermediate difference curve, and accurate soil humidity information can be acquired in real time by the cloud monitoring and control platform.
(2) The invention relates to an operation method of an online monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environmental parameters, which adopts a pre-programmed computer program instruction, when a cloud monitoring and control platform sends a calibration instruction, a controller receives the instruction, waters the same kind of soil with different sensors at intervals of 1 minute and 5 seconds, and records and calibrates soil humidity data measured by two soil temperature and humidity sensors during the period.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable improvements:
(1) The on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environment parameters can display collected greenhouse parameter data at the cloud end, and the display mode of the data is more flexible.
(2) The on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environmental parameters and the operation method thereof can be used for calibrating a non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor through the cloud end at any time and any place.
(3) The operation method of the on-line monitoring system for the greenhouse plant growth environment parameters overcomes the defect that the traditional soil temperature and humidity sensor is calibrated in a laboratory, liberates more manpower and saves more material resources.
(4) The operation method of the on-line monitoring system for the greenhouse plant growth environment parameters overcomes the defect that the traditional soil temperature and humidity sensor calibration method can only calibrate one sensor at a time, and can calibrate at most 14 soil temperature and humidity sensors at the same time.
(5) The RS485 bus used by the on-line monitoring system for the greenhouse plant growth environmental parameters adopts a Modbus protocol, at most 32 devices can be mounted on the bus, a device address occupied by an STM32F103 development board is removed, 15 groups of illumination temperature and humidity transmitters and FDR-100 sensors can be mounted, 14 nonstandard soil temperature and humidity sensors can be calibrated simultaneously by using one standard soil temperature and humidity sensor, and the cost is greatly saved.
(6) Compared with the remote monitoring and compensation control device for greenhouse plant growth disclosed by CN201820682964.2, the remote monitoring and compensation control device can monitor the temperature, humidity and illumination intensity of a greenhouse, can also monitor the soil humidity and the soil temperature, can calibrate a soil temperature and humidity sensor for collecting soil humidity data, can obtain accurate soil humidity data even if a less accurate soil temperature and humidity sensor is used, sends the monitoring data to the cloud, and can monitor the greenhouse environment in a remote online manner.
(7) Compared with the automatic monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth disclosed by CN201611120795.5, the system can realize the remote monitoring of the greenhouse plant growth environment at any time and any place, has more monitored environment parameters, and can calibrate a soil temperature and humidity sensor for collecting soil humidity data.
Drawings
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
FIG. 1 is a schematic block diagram of an online monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environmental parameters.
FIG. 2 is a two-dimensional curve of soil humidity and watering frequency measured by a standard soil temperature and humidity sensor and a standard curve chart synthesized by the two-dimensional curve.
FIG. 3 is a two-dimensional curve of soil humidity and watering frequency measured by a non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor in the invention and a non-standard curve chart synthesized by the two-dimensional curve.
Fig. 4 is a graph of the intermediate difference value-nonstandard soil humiture sensor measured soil humiture value curve and the intermediate difference value thereof synthesized in the invention.
Fig. 5 is a two-dimensional curve of soil humidity measured by a non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor and accurate soil humidity measured by a standard soil temperature and humidity sensor in the invention, and a compensation calibration effect curve of collected data in a controller.
FIG. 6 is a graph of air humidity versus days of a week measured by an illumination temperature and humidity transmitter during operation of the on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environment parameters of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a graph of ambient temperature measured by an illumination temperature and humidity transmitter over a week versus days in operation of the on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environmental parameters of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a graph of illumination intensity versus days measured by an illumination temperature and humidity transmitter during a week in operation of the on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environmental parameters of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a graph of carbon dioxide concentration versus days of a week measured by a carbon dioxide concentration transmitter in operation of an online monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environmental parameters of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a graph of soil temperature versus days measured during a week in operation of an online monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environmental parameters in accordance with the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a computer program for pre-writing a query frame for identifying a data transmission unit in a controller of the on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environment parameters.
In the figure, 1 is a power supply, 2 is a cloud monitoring and control platform, 3 is a data transmission unit, 4 is a controller, 5 is a non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor, 6 is an illumination temperature and humidity transmitter, 7 is a standard soil temperature and humidity sensor, 8 is a water pump, and 9 is a carbon dioxide concentration transmitter.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environment parameters disclosed by the embodiment of the invention is shown in fig. 1 and comprises a power supply 1, a controller 4, an illumination temperature and humidity transmitter 6, a standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 7, a non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5, a data transmission unit 3, a cloud monitoring and control platform 2, a water pump 8, a carbon dioxide concentration transmitter 9, an RS485 bus and a TTL-to-RS 485 module, wherein the connection modes of the parts are as follows: in fig. 1, the arrowed line connection shows that the power supply 1 is respectively connected with the controller 4, the illumination temperature and humidity transmitter 6, the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 7, the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5, the data transmission unit 3, the water pump 8 and the carbon dioxide concentration transmitter 9 through leads and supplies power to the controller 4, the illumination temperature and humidity transmitter 6, the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 7, the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5, the data transmission unit 3, the water pump 8 and the carbon dioxide concentration transmitter 9; in FIG. 1, the double-line connection shows that the controller 4 is connected with the illumination temperature and humidity transmitter 6, the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 7, the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5, the data transmission unit 3 and the carbon dioxide concentration transmitter 9 through an RS485 bus, wherein one is RS485A, and the other is RS 485B; the single line in fig. 1 indicates that the controller 4 is connected with the water pump 8 through a lead; the dotted line connection in the figure indicates that the data transmission unit 3 is connected with the cloud monitoring and control platform 2 through the SIM card; the TTL to RS485 module is arranged in the controller 4.
Above-mentioned greenhouse plant growth environmental parameter's on-line monitoring system of this embodiment, the RS485 bus that uses adopts the Modbus protocol.
In the above-mentioned on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environmental parameters of this embodiment, the power supply 1 is used for supplying electric energy required by other components in the system; the cloud monitoring and control platform 2 is used for monitoring the temperature, humidity, illumination intensity and carbon dioxide concentration of the greenhouse, the soil humidity and soil temperature measured by the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5 and the soil humidity and soil temperature measured by the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 7 after calibration in real time on line to form a query frame and send a control command to the lower part; the data transmission unit 3 is used for receiving the query frame from the cloud detection and control platform 2, issuing the query frame, receiving the response frames from the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 7, the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5 and the controller 4, and uploading the response frames; the controller 4 is used for receiving the query frame from the data transmission unit 3, analyzing the query frame, checking whether data information of the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 7 and the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5 is collected or not, and analyzing and calibrating the soil humidity; the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5 is used for measuring soil humidity data before calibration; the illumination temperature and humidity transmitter 6 is used for measuring three data of air humidity, air temperature and illumination intensity in the greenhouse; the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 7 is used for measuring the calibrated soil humidity data; the water pump 8 is used for watering soil according to instructions; the carbon dioxide concentration transmitter 9 is used for measuring carbon dioxide concentration data in the air in the greenhouse; the TTL to RS485 module plays a role in: one end of the controller is connected with the controller 4, the other end of the controller is connected with the RS485 bus, the level which can be identified by the controller 4 is converted with the level on the RS485 bus, so that the data level sent by the controller 4 can be transmitted on the RS485 bus, and the data transmitted on the RS485 bus can be identified by the controller 4.
In the on-line monitoring system for the greenhouse plant growth environment parameters, a power supply 1, a controller 4, an illumination temperature and humidity transmitter 6, a standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 7, a non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5, a data transmission unit 3, a water pump 8 and a carbon dioxide concentration transmitter 9 are all obtained by commercial purchase; the controller 4 adopts a commercially available STM32F103, the illumination temperature and humidity sensor 6 adopts a commercially available illumination temperature and humidity transmitter for building the kernel department, the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 7 adopts a commercially available FDR soil temperature and humidity sensor of Purisen corporation, the nonstandard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5 adopts a commercially available FDR soil temperature and humidity sensor which is used for two years and is trained smoothly by Weihai essence, and the data transmission unit 2 adopts a commercially available cloud platform of a USR-G781 model cloud monitoring and control platform 2.
Example 2
The operation method of the on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environment parameters provided by the embodiment specifically comprises the following operations: a timing task is set on a cloud monitoring and control platform 2 of the system, and the timing task is a calibration instruction for calibrating the soil temperature and humidity sensor once every three months; cloud monitoring and control platform 2 still sets up the instruction of sending down, and these instructions have: reading data of the illumination temperature and humidity transmitter 6, reading carbon dioxide concentration data of the carbon dioxide concentration transmitter 9, and reading soil humidity data before calibration measured by the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5 and soil humidity data after calibration measured by the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 7; a computer program for identifying a query frame of the data transmission unit 3 is pre-written in a controller 4 of the system, then all the components of the system are connected, a power supply is turned on to start the system, the controller 4 is initialized firstly, and then whether a calibration instruction for calibrating the soil humidity for one time is executed or not is determined according to whether the controller 4 receives a timing task set by the cloud monitoring and control platform 2 transmitted by the data transmission unit 3 on an RS485 bus or not; when the controller 4 receives a timing task set by the cloud monitoring and control platform 2 transmitted by the data transmission unit 3 on the RS485 bus and determines to execute a calibration instruction for performing primary calibration on the soil humidity, a timing watering function is started, namely, the water pump 8 is started at regular time, the soil inserted with the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 7 and the nonstandard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5 is watered for 5 seconds at the same time every one minute until the soil humidity measured by the two soil temperature and humidity sensors for three times continuously does not rise any more, the controller 4 stores all the humidity data measured by the two soil temperature and humidity sensors of the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 7 and the nonstandard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5 in the array in the memory of the controller 4, and an interpolation method is adopted to respectively carry out cubic spline fitting on the data measured by the two sensors, namely the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 7 and the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5, and two groups of data are respectively fitted into cubic function curves of humidity and watering times, fitting data measured by a standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 7 for three consecutive times into a cubic function curve of humidity and watering amount to be called a standard curve (as shown in figure 2), fitting data measured by a non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5 for three consecutive times into a cubic function curve of humidity and watering amount to be called a non-standard curve (as shown in figure 3), subtracting the standard curve from the non-standard curve to obtain a middle difference curve of soil humidity (as shown in figure 4), and compensating soil humidity data acquired by the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5 according to the middle difference curve of soil humidity (as shown in figure 5) so as to finish the received calibration instruction; when the cloud monitoring and control platform 2 sends an instruction for reading data in the illumination temperature and humidity transmitter 6, the instruction is received by the data transmission unit 3 and then sent to the RS485 bus, the illumination temperature and humidity transmitter 6 connected to the RS485 bus returns three data of air humidity, ambient temperature and illumination intensity in the greenhouse measured by the illumination temperature and humidity transmitter to the RS485 bus, and the data transmission unit 3 reads four data of air humidity, air temperature, illumination intensity and soil temperature on the RS485 bus, returns the data to the cloud monitoring and control platform 2 and displays the data on the platform (shown in fig. 6, 7, 8 and 10, respectively); when the cloud monitoring and control platform 2 sends out an instruction for reading carbon dioxide concentration data in the greenhouse measured by the carbon dioxide concentration transmitter 9, the instruction is received by the data transmission unit 3 and then sent to the RS485 bus, the carbon dioxide concentration transmitter 9 connected to the RS485 bus sends the carbon dioxide concentration data in the air back to the RS485 bus, the data transmission unit 3 reads the carbon dioxide concentration data on the RS485 bus, and then returns the data to the cloud monitoring and control platform 2 and displays the data on the platform (as shown in fig. 9); when the cloud monitoring and control platform 2 sends an instruction for reading soil humidity data before calibration, the data transmission unit 3 sends the instruction to the RS485 bus after receiving the instruction, the nonstandard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5 returns soil humidity data and soil temperature data measured by the nonstandard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5 to the RS485 bus after receiving the instruction, at the moment, the data transmission unit 3 and the controller 4 both read the soil humidity data and the soil temperature data measured by the nonstandard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5 on the RS485 bus, the data are returned to the cloud monitoring and control platform 2 by the data transmission unit 3 and displayed on the platform, the displayed soil humidity is the soil humidity before calibration, and simultaneously, after receiving the soil humidity data and the soil temperature data before calibration on the RS485 bus, the controller 4 adds the soil humidity value before calibration and the difference value corresponding to the soil humidity value in the middle difference curve to obtain the soil humidity data after calibration; when the high in the clouds monitoring and control platform 2 sends and reads the soil humidity data instruction after the calibration, data transmission unit 3 sends this instruction to the RS485 bus on, after controller 4 received this instruction, can with the accurate soil humidity data after the calibration send to the RS485 bus on, data transmission unit 3 can read the accurate soil humidity data after the calibration on the RS485 bus this moment, and return it to high in the clouds monitoring and control platform 2 and demonstrate the accurate soil humidity data after the calibration on this platform.
Fig. 2 shows a two-dimensional curve of soil humidity and watering frequency actually measured by a standard soil temperature and humidity sensor and a standard curve graph synthesized by the two-dimensional curve, which shows that the controller 4 in the on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environment parameters receives a timing task set by the cloud monitoring and control platform 2 transmitted by the data transmission unit 3 on an RS485 bus, and determines a two-dimensional curve of soil humidity and watering frequency actually measured by the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 7 generated after executing a calibration instruction for calibrating soil humidity for one time and a standard curve graph synthesized by the two-dimensional curve, wherein a discrete point of a measured value is the soil humidity actually measured by the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 7, and a solid line of a fitting curve is a cubic function curve of soil humidity and watering frequency formed by carrying out cubic spline fitting on a discrete point.
Fig. 3 shows a two-dimensional curve of soil humidity and watering frequency actually measured by a non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor and a non-standard curve chart synthesized by the two-dimensional curve, a timing task set by a cloud monitoring and control platform 2 and transmitted by a data transmission unit 3 is received by a controller 4 in the on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environment parameters through an RS485 bus, and a two-dimensional curve of soil humidity and watering frequency and a non-standard curve chart synthesized by the two-dimensional curve are actually measured by a non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5 generated after a calibration instruction for calibrating soil humidity once is executed. The measured value discrete points are the soil humidity actually measured by the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5, and the fitting curve solid line is a cubic function curve of the soil humidity and the watering times formed by performing cubic spline fitting on the discrete points.
FIG. 4 is a graph of a soil humidity value measured by an intermediate difference-nonstandard soil temperature and humidity sensor and a standard curve fit to the same, in which discrete points are actual differences and a solid line is a fit curve, and the graph shows a graph of an intermediate difference generated after a controller 4 in the on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environment parameters receives a calibration instruction. And subtracting the standard curve from the non-standard curve to obtain a middle difference curve, and compensating soil humidity data acquired by the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor according to the middle difference curve.
Fig. 5 is a two-dimensional curve of the soil humidity measured by the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor and the soil humidity measured by the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor and a compensation calibration effect curve of the collected data in the controller, which show schematic diagrams of the curves of the accurate soil humidity measured by the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 7, the soil humidity measured by the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5 and the compensation calibration effect curve of the controller 4 in the system of the present invention.
The figure is a test of 15-day time used in the operation of the on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environment parameters of the present invention within 15 days, three curves in the figure are a soil humidity curve before calibration, an accurate soil humidity curve, and a soil humidity curve after calibration, respectively, the abscissa is the accurate soil humidity measured by the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 7 for better comparison, it can be seen that the soil humidity curve before calibration deviates seriously from the accurate soil humidity curve, and the soil humidity curve after calibration is close to the accurate soil humidity curve.
FIG. 6 is a graph of air humidity versus days measured by an illumination temperature and humidity transmitter during a week of operation of the on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environmental parameters of the present invention, particularly showing the variation of air humidity of a greenhouse with time during a week; the start time of the air humidity data was two pm on the first day, and the end time was nine am on the seventh day.
FIG. 7 is a graph of ambient temperature measured by an illumination temperature and humidity transmitter during a week in operation of the on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environmental parameters of the present invention, specifically showing the change of the ambient temperature of the greenhouse over time during a week; the start time of the ambient temperature data was two pm on the first day, and the end time was nine am on the seventh day.
FIG. 8 is a graph of illumination intensity measured by an illumination temperature and humidity transmitter during a week in operation of the on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environmental parameters of the present invention, specifically showing the variation of the illumination intensity of the greenhouse with time during a week; the start time of the light intensity data was two pm on the first day, and the end time was nine am on the seventh day.
FIG. 9 is a graph of carbon dioxide concentration versus the number of days in a week measured by a carbon dioxide concentration transmitter during operation of the on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environment parameters of the present invention, particularly showing the change in carbon dioxide concentration in a greenhouse over time over the course of a week; the carbon dioxide concentration data was started at two pm on the first day and ended at nine am on the seventh day.
FIG. 10 is a graph of soil temperature versus days measured over a week in operation of the on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environmental parameters of the present invention, particularly showing the measured soil temperature over a week's time; the soil temperature data was started at two pm on the first day and ended at nine am on the seventh day.
Fig. 11 shows a computer program for pre-writing a query frame of the identification data transmission unit 3 in the controller 4 of the on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environmental parameters of the present invention as follows:
beginning → initializing the system → updating the middle difference curve → receiving a soil humidity instruction before calibration → reading soil humidity data acquired by a non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor from an RS485 bus → adding the difference value corresponding to the humidity in the middle difference curve to the acquired soil humidity data, marking as the humidity after calibration → whether to read the soil humidity after calibration → No, and returning the soil humidity data acquired by the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor from the RS485 bus; if yes, sending the calibrated humidity data to an RS485 bus → receiving a calibration instruction → if not, returning to the step of reading soil humidity data acquired by a non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor from the RS485 bus; starting a water pump → starting the water pump, watering the soil where the two soil temperature and humidity sensors are located for 5 seconds every 1 minute, storing the humidity → fitting a standard curve and a non-standard curve, subtracting the standard curve and the non-standard curve to obtain a middle difference curve → updating the middle difference curve → yes, and returning to the updated middle difference curve; and if not, ending.
The actual measurement calibration result data of the operation method of the on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environmental parameters of the embodiment are shown in the following tables 1 to 5:
TABLE 1 alignment data List a
TABLE 2 alignment data List b
TABLE 3 alignment data List c
TABLE 4 alignment data List d
TABLE 5 alignment data List e
Tables 1 to 5 are a soil humidity calibration data list obtained in the operation of the on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environmental parameters of the present invention, the accurate humidity is the accurate soil humidity measured by the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 7, the humidity before calibration is the soil humidity measured by the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor 5, which has a large deviation from the accurate humidity, and the humidity after calibration is the data after the operation calibration of the on-line monitoring system for greenhouse plant growth environmental parameters of the present invention, which is close to the accurate humidity.
In the above embodiments, the method for fitting the cubic function curve is a method known in the art, and other operation methods can be understood by those skilled in the art.
Claims (2)
1. Greenhouse plant growth environmental parameter's online monitoring system, its characterized in that: including power, controller, illumination temperature and humidity transmitter, standard soil temperature and humidity sensor, nonstandard soil temperature and humidity sensor, data transmission unit, high in the clouds monitoring and control platform, water pump, carbon dioxide concentration transmitter, RS485 bus, TTL change RS485 module, the connected mode of above-mentioned each part is: the power supply is respectively connected with the controller, the illumination temperature and humidity transmitter, the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor, the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor, the data transmission unit, the water pump and the carbon dioxide concentration transmitter through leads and supplies power to the controller, the illumination temperature and humidity transmitter, the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor, the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor, the data transmission unit, the water pump and the carbon dioxide concentration transmitter; the controller is connected with the illumination temperature and humidity transmitter, the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor, the nonstandard soil temperature and humidity sensor, the data transmission unit and the carbon dioxide concentration transmitter through an RS485 bus; the controller is connected with the water pump through a lead; the data transmission unit is connected with the cloud monitoring and control unit through an SIM card; the TTL to RS485 module is arranged in the controller;
the computer program which is pre-programmed with the query frame for identifying the data transmission unit in the controller is as follows:
beginning → initializing the system → updating the middle difference curve → receiving a soil humidity instruction before calibration → reading soil humidity data acquired by a non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor from an RS485 bus → adding the difference value corresponding to the humidity in the middle difference curve to the acquired soil humidity data, marking as the humidity after calibration → whether to read the soil humidity after calibration → No, and returning the soil humidity data acquired by the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor from the RS485 bus; if yes, sending the calibrated humidity data to an RS485 bus → receiving a calibration instruction → if not, returning to the step of reading soil humidity data acquired by a non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor from the RS485 bus; starting a water pump → starting the water pump, watering the soil where the two soil temperature and humidity sensors are located for 5 seconds every 1 minute, storing the humidity → fitting a standard curve and a non-standard curve, subtracting the standard curve and the non-standard curve to obtain a middle difference curve → updating the middle difference curve → Yes, and returning to update the middle difference curve; if not, ending;
the RS485 bus adopts a Modbus protocol, 32 devices can be mounted on the bus at most, one device address occupied by an STM32F103 development board is removed, 15 groups of illumination temperature and humidity transmitters and FDR-100 sensors can be mounted, and 14 nonstandard soil temperature and humidity sensors can be calibrated simultaneously by using one standard soil temperature and humidity sensor.
2. Method for operating an on-line monitoring system for environmental parameters of growth of greenhouse plants as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that the specific operations are as follows: setting a timing task on a cloud monitoring and control platform of the system, wherein the timing task is a calibration instruction for calibrating the soil humidity once every three months; cloud monitoring and control platform still sets up the instruction of downward sending, and these instructions have: the method comprises the steps of reading data of an illumination temperature and humidity transmitter, reading carbon dioxide concentration data of a carbon dioxide concentration transmitter, reading soil humidity data before calibration measured by a non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor and reading soil humidity data after calibration measured by a standard soil temperature and humidity sensor; a computer program for identifying a data transmission unit query frame is pre-written in a controller of the system, then all the components of the system are connected, a power supply is turned on to start the system, the controller is initialized firstly, then a calibration instruction for calibrating the soil humidity for one time is determined according to whether the controller receives a timing task set by a cloud monitoring and control platform transmitted by the data transmission unit on an RS485 bus, when the calibration instruction is determined, a timing watering function is started, namely a water pump is started at regular time, soil inserted with a standard soil temperature and humidity sensor and a non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor is watered for 5 seconds at the same time every one minute until the soil humidity measured by the two soil temperature and humidity sensors for three times continuously does not rise any more, the controller stores all humidity data measured by the two soil temperature and humidity sensors of the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor and the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor in a period of time in an array in a memory of the controller, and carries out cubic spline fitting on the data measured by the two sensors of the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor and the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor by adopting an interpolation method respectively, namely, two groups of data are fitted into cubic function curves of humidity and watering times respectively, wherein the data measured by the standard soil temperature and humidity sensor continuously for three times are fitted into cubic function curves of humidity and watering amount which are called standard curves, the data measured by the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor continuously for three times are fitted into cubic function curves of humidity and watering amount which are called non-standard curves, the standard curves and the non-standard curves are subtracted to obtain a middle difference curve of soil humidity, and the soil humidity data collected by the non-standard soil temperature and humidity sensor are compensated according to the middle difference curve of soil humidity, so far, the received calibration instruction is completed; when the cloud monitoring and control platform sends an instruction for reading data in the illumination temperature and humidity transmitter, the instruction is received by the data transmission unit and then sent to the RS485 bus, the illumination temperature and humidity transmitter connected to the RS485 bus can return three data of air humidity, environment temperature and illumination intensity in the greenhouse, which are measured by the illumination temperature and humidity transmitter, to the RS485 bus, the data transmission unit reads four data of the air humidity, the environment temperature, the illumination intensity and the soil temperature on the RS485 bus, and then returns the data to the cloud monitoring and control platform and displays the data on the platform; when the cloud monitoring and control platform sends an instruction for reading carbon dioxide concentration data in the greenhouse, which is measured by the carbon dioxide concentration transmitter, the instruction is received by the data transmission unit and then sent to the RS485 bus, the carbon dioxide concentration transmitter connected to the RS485 bus sends the carbon dioxide concentration data in the air back to the RS485 bus, and the data transmission unit reads the carbon dioxide concentration data on the RS485 bus, returns the data to the cloud monitoring and control platform and displays the data on the platform; when the cloud monitoring and control platform sends an instruction for reading soil humidity data before calibration, the data transmission unit sends the instruction to the RS485 bus after receiving the instruction, the nonstandard soil temperature and humidity sensor returns soil humidity data and soil temperature data measured by the nonstandard soil temperature and humidity sensor to the RS485 bus after receiving the instruction, at the moment, the data transmission unit and the controller read the soil humidity data and the soil temperature data measured by the nonstandard soil temperature and humidity sensor on the RS485 bus, the data are returned to the cloud monitoring and control platform by the data transmission unit and displayed on the platform, the displayed soil humidity is the soil humidity before calibration, and simultaneously, after the controller receives the soil humidity data and the soil temperature data before calibration on the RS485 bus, the soil humidity value before calibration is added with a difference value corresponding to the soil humidity value in the middle difference curve, so that the soil humidity data after calibration are obtained; when the instruction of reading calibrated soil humidity data is sent by the cloud monitoring and control platform, the instruction is sent to the RS485 bus by the data transmission unit, after the instruction is received by the controller, the calibrated accurate soil humidity data can be sent to the RS485 bus by the controller, and at the moment, the calibrated accurate soil humidity data can be read by the data transmission unit on the RS485 bus, and the calibrated accurate soil humidity data can be returned to the cloud monitoring and control platform and displayed on the platform.
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