CN113280634A - Sintered brick tunnel kiln waste heat recycling system and method - Google Patents

Sintered brick tunnel kiln waste heat recycling system and method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113280634A
CN113280634A CN202110649613.8A CN202110649613A CN113280634A CN 113280634 A CN113280634 A CN 113280634A CN 202110649613 A CN202110649613 A CN 202110649613A CN 113280634 A CN113280634 A CN 113280634A
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China
Prior art keywords
kiln
temperature
roasting
pipeline
waste heat
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CN202110649613.8A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
王文君
郝玉森
黄琰昕
黄中
胡秋华
何亮
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Sichuan Guoli Energy Technology Co ltd
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Sichuan Guoli Energy Technology Co ltd
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Priority to CN202110649613.8A priority Critical patent/CN113280634A/en
Publication of CN113280634A publication Critical patent/CN113280634A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
    • F27B19/00—Combinations of furnaces of kinds not covered by a single preceding main group
    • F27B19/04—Combinations of furnaces of kinds not covered by a single preceding main group arranged for associated working
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F22—STEAM GENERATION
    • F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
    • F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
    • F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
    • F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
    • F26B21/14—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects using gases or vapours other than air or steam, e.g. inert gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F26—DRYING
    • F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
    • F26B25/00—Details of general application not covered by group F26B21/00 or F26B23/00
    • F26B25/005—Treatment of dryer exhaust gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
    • F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
    • F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
    • F27D2017/006—Systems for reclaiming waste heat using a boiler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
    • F27M2001/00—Composition, conformation or state of the charge
    • F27M2001/15—Composition, conformation or state of the charge characterised by the form of the articles
    • F27M2001/1504—Ceramic articles
    • F27M2001/1508—Articles of relatively small dimensions
    • F27M2001/1521—Bricks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
    • F27M—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO ASPECTS OF THE CHARGES OR FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS OR RETORTS
    • F27M2003/00—Type of treatment of the charge
    • F27M2003/04—Sintering
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

Abstract

The invention discloses a system and a method for recycling waste heat of a tunnel kiln for sintering bricks, which solve the problems of unreasonable arrangement of a roasting kiln, low energy utilization rate, poor waste heat recovery, high environmental pollution and the like, and comprises the roasting kiln, a low-temperature drying kiln and a high-temperature drying kiln, wherein a pipeline A is communicated between the green brick inlet end of the low-temperature drying kiln and the rear end of the roasting kiln, a moisture exhaust fan is arranged on the pipeline A, a pipeline B is communicated between the green brick outlet end of the low-temperature drying kiln and a high-temperature rapid cooling zone of the roasting kiln, a pipeline C is communicated between the pipeline B and the rear end of the roasting kiln, and a waste heat fan is arranged on the pipeline C; a pipeline D is communicated with the outlet end of the green brick of the high-temperature drying kiln at the front end of the roasting kiln, a roasting kiln induced draft fan is installed on the pipeline D, and a desulfurization dust remover is communicated with the inlet end of the green brick of the high-temperature drying kiln through a pipeline E. The invention reduces the smoke discharge amount and the smoke discharge temperature as much as possible on the premise of ensuring that the drying kiln fully dries the adobes and the products fired by the roasting kiln, and has stable and reliable operation and no secondary pollution.

Description

Sintered brick tunnel kiln waste heat recycling system and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of a sintered brick tunnel kiln in the brick and tile industry, in particular to a system and a method for recycling waste heat of the sintered brick tunnel kiln.
Background
The tunnel kiln is a high-efficiency roasting kiln popularized and applied in the tile industry in China, generally consists of a drying kiln and a roasting kiln, and is characterized by large yield, high automation degree, stable product quality and controllable sintering parameters. The green brick heat value of the tunnel kiln sintered brick production line built in China is generally about 350Kcal/Kg, and is generally about 100 Kcal/Kg higher than the sintered brick heat value required by theoretical calculation. The main reason for the higher energy consumption of the tunnel kiln is that besides extensive management and operation modes, the design of the smoke and air system of the tunnel kiln has defects. During the construction of most brickyards, the heat preservation of the kiln is more important, but the design of a smoke and air system is neglected; after the production line of the baked bricks is built and put into operation, the exhaust gas temperature is high, the amount of the exhaust gas is also large, the temperature of the burnt product discharged from the kiln is also high, and the energy of the production system of the tunnel kiln is discharged through two ways of exhaust gas heat loss and burnt product sensible heat besides the heat dissipation loss of the kiln body, so that the energy consumption of the tunnel kiln is high. The basic reason is that the excess air coefficient of air supplied to the roasting kiln is about 5.0 and is far higher than that of a power station boiler by 1.2-1.5, and low-temperature air is not fully utilized for drying green bricks in a circulating manner; in addition, the cooling condition of the burnt product before discharging from the kiln is poor, so that the discharging temperature of the product is greatly higher than the normal temperature.
The conventional tunnel kiln is only provided with a roasting kiln and a drying kiln, a residual hot air machine is arranged at the rear end of the roasting kiln, hot air at 140 ℃ is pumped to an inlet of the drying kiln to dry green bricks, the moisture content of the green bricks is generally reduced from 15% to about 3% and then is conveyed into the roasting kiln to be roasted, and a moisture exhaust fan is arranged on a moisture exhaust port of the drying kiln, so that air with high humidity and temperature of about 100 ℃ is conveyed to a desulfurization dust collector to be treated and then is exhausted; arranging a roasting kiln draught fan at the front end of the roasting kiln to pump the flue gas at 130 ℃ to a desulfurization dust remover for treatment and then discharging; the front end of the roasting kiln is provided with an under-vehicle cooling fan which sends outside normal temperature air to the lower part of a kiln vehicle in the roasting kiln to cool the roller of the kiln vehicle, the temperature of the discharged air is generally increased by about 25 ℃, and the discharged air is directly discharged into the atmosphere due to low temperature. The temperature of the exhaust gas discharged from the whole tunnel kiln is relatively high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a system and a method for recycling waste heat of a tunnel kiln for baked bricks, which can reduce the smoke discharge amount and the smoke discharge temperature as much as possible and reduce the kiln discharge temperature of the baked products to be close to the normal temperature on the premise of ensuring that a drying kiln fully dries green bricks and the baked products in the baking kiln, thereby achieving the purpose of energy conservation of the tunnel kiln and promoting the healthy development of the brick and tile industry.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a system and a method for recycling waste heat of a baked brick tunnel kiln comprise a baking kiln, wherein a baking kiln front end, a baking kiln temperature rising zone, a baking kiln high-temperature burning zone, a baking kiln high-temperature quenching zone and a baking kiln rear end are sequentially distributed in the baking kiln from the front end to the rear end; the kiln comprises a roasting kiln and is characterized in that the front end of the roasting kiln is communicated with the green brick outlet end of the high-temperature drying kiln to form a pipeline D, a roasting kiln draught fan is installed on the pipeline D, a desulfurization dust remover is arranged at the green brick inlet end of the high-temperature drying kiln through a pipeline E, and the draught fan is installed on the pipeline E.
In order to better realize the invention, the invention also comprises a waste heat boiler, wherein the high-temperature burning zone of the roasting kiln is communicated with the smoke inlet end of the waste heat boiler through a plurality of pipelines F, and the pipelines F are provided with regulating valves; the exhaust-heat boiler flue gas outlet end is communicated with the tail end of the pipeline D through a pipeline J, and a boiler induced draft fan is installed on the pipeline J.
Preferably, a blower is arranged at the rear end of the roasting kiln.
Preferably, the temperature rising zone of the roasting kiln is communicated with an under-vehicle cooling fan.
Preferably, the invention also comprises a kiln car which is arranged in the roasting kiln and can move back and forth along a kiln car track line.
Preferably, a kiln car track line is laid at the bottom of the roasting kiln, and the kiln car is correspondingly arranged on the kiln car track line.
Preferably, the green brick outlet end of the low-temperature drying kiln corresponds to the green brick inlet end of the high-temperature drying kiln.
A method for recycling waste heat of a baked brick tunnel kiln comprises the following steps:
A. brick making raw materials: producing green bricks through a crushing, forming and cutting stacking system, and stacking the green bricks with the water content of about 15% on a kiln car;
B. conveying the kiln car stacked with the green bricks with the water content of 15% into a low-temperature drying kiln to reduce the water content of the green bricks from 15% to 7% -9%, and then pushing out the low-temperature drying kiln;
C. conveying the kiln car stacked with the green bricks with the water content of 7% -9% into a high-temperature drying kiln to reduce the water content of the green bricks from 7% -9% to nearly 0 to obtain dry green bricks, and then pushing out the high-temperature drying kiln;
D. the kiln car loaded with the dry brick blanks is sent into a roasting kiln, and sequentially enters the front end of the roasting kiln, a heating zone of the roasting kiln, a high-temperature burning zone of the roasting kiln, a high-temperature rapid cooling zone of the roasting kiln and the rear end of the roasting kiln in a working state, the temperature rise, the high-temperature burning and the rapid cooling treatment of the dry brick blanks are carried out, the temperature of the product is gradually reduced to be close to the normal temperature after the product is burnt, and the burnt finished bricks are transported out from the tail end of the roasting kiln.
Preferably, the present invention also includes the following method:
E. the hot air at 140 ℃ pumped out by the waste heat fan from the rear end of the roasting kiln is mixed with the under-vehicle air at 50 ℃ discharged from the rear end of the roasting kiln to form hot air at about 100 ℃, the hot air enters a low-temperature drying kiln to dry green bricks, the low-temperature air with higher water vapor at 80 ℃ is pumped out by the moisture exhaust fan from a moisture exhaust port of the low-temperature drying kiln, and the low-temperature air enters the roasting kiln from the top and two side walls of a kiln body at the rear end of the roasting kiln to cool the finished bricks;
F. the draught fan of the roasting kiln pumps out low-temperature flue gas with the temperature of about 130 ℃ from the front end of the roasting kiln and sends the low-temperature flue gas into the high-temperature drying kiln to dry the green bricks, and the draught fan pumps out low-temperature flue gas with the temperature of 100 ℃ from the flue gas outlet of the high-temperature drying kiln and sends the low-temperature flue gas into the desulfurization dust remover to be treated and discharged after reaching the standard.
Preferably, the present invention also includes the following method:
G. for the tunnel kiln for the super internal combustion baked bricks with the adobe calorific value exceeding 500KCal/Kg, under the negative pressure action of a boiler induced draft fan, high-temperature flue gas in a high-temperature burning area of the baking kiln enters the flue gas side of a waste heat boiler through a regulating valve, and low-temperature flue gas at about 160 ℃ after heat exchange of the waste heat boiler enters an adobe outlet end of a high-temperature drying kiln and is mixed with low-temperature flue gas extracted from the front end of the baking kiln to be used as a heat source of the high-temperature drying kiln.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:
(1) on the premise of ensuring that the drying kiln fully dries the adobes and the products fired by the roasting kiln, the invention reduces the smoke discharge amount and the smoke discharge temperature as much as possible, and simultaneously reduces the kiln discharging temperature of the fired products to be close to the normal temperature, thereby achieving the purpose of energy saving of the tunnel kiln, promoting the healthy development of the tile industry, having stable and reliable operation and no secondary pollution.
(2) By reducing the excess air coefficient of the roasting kiln, the invention furthest reduces the smoke discharge amount of a tunnel kiln sintered brick production line, reduces the smoke discharge temperature, simultaneously reduces the kiln discharging temperature of a sintered product, more reasonably utilizes heat energy resources, realizes the aim of saving energy of the tunnel kiln and reduces the production cost of enterprises on the premise of ensuring full drying of green bricks and the sintered product.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram according to a first embodiment;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the second embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the second embodiment.
Wherein, the names corresponding to the reference numbers in the drawings are:
1-roasting kiln, 21-roasting kiln front end, 22-roasting kiln temperature rising zone, 23-roasting kiln high-temperature burning zone, 24-roasting kiln high-temperature quenching zone, 25-roasting kiln rear end, 2-low-temperature drying kiln, 3-high-temperature drying kiln, 4-blower, 5-under-vehicle cooling fan, 6-waste heat fan, 7-roasting kiln induced fan, 8-moisture exhaust fan, 9-induced fan, 10-desulfurization dust remover, 11-regulating valve, 12-waste heat boiler, and 13-boiler induced fan.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the following examples:
example one
As shown in fig. 1, a system and a method for recycling waste heat of a baked brick tunnel kiln include a baking kiln 1, wherein the baking kiln 1 is provided with a baking kiln front end 21, a baking kiln temperature rising zone 22, a baking kiln high-temperature burning zone 23, a baking kiln high-temperature quenching zone 24 and a baking kiln rear end 25 in sequence from the front end to the rear end. The invention also comprises a low-temperature drying kiln 2 and a high-temperature drying kiln 3 corresponding to the low-temperature drying kiln 2, wherein a pipeline A is communicated between the green brick inlet end of the low-temperature drying kiln 2 and the rear end 25 of the roasting kiln, a moisture exhaust fan 8 is arranged on the pipeline A, a pipeline B is communicated between the green brick outlet end of the low-temperature drying kiln 2 and the high-temperature quenching zone 24 of the roasting kiln, a pipeline C is communicated between the pipeline B and the rear end 25 of the roasting kiln, and a waste heat fan 6 is arranged on the pipeline C. A pipeline D is communicated with the outlet end of the green brick of the high-temperature drying kiln 3 at the front end 21 of the roasting kiln, a roasting kiln induced draft fan 7 is installed on the pipeline D, a desulfurization dust remover 10 is communicated with the inlet end of the green brick of the high-temperature drying kiln 3 through a pipeline E, and an induced draft fan 9 is installed on the pipeline E.
The embodiment also comprises a waste heat boiler 12, the high-temperature burning zone 23 of the burning kiln is communicated with the flue gas inlet end of the waste heat boiler 12 through a plurality of pipelines F, and the pipelines F are provided with regulating valves 11. The 12 flue gas outlet ends of the waste heat boilers are communicated with the tail end of the pipeline D through a pipeline J, and a boiler induced draft fan 13 is installed on the pipeline J. As shown in figure 1, a blower 4 is arranged at the rear end 25 of the roasting kiln, an under-vehicle cooling fan 5 is communicated with the roasting kiln temperature rising zone 22, and the green brick outlet end of the low-temperature drying kiln 2 corresponds to the green brick inlet end of the high-temperature drying kiln 3.
Example two
As shown in fig. 2 to 3, a system and a method for recycling waste heat of a baked brick tunnel kiln include a baking kiln 1, wherein the baking kiln 1 is provided with a baking kiln front end 21, a baking kiln temperature rising zone 22, a baking kiln high-temperature burning zone 23, a baking kiln high-temperature quenching zone 24 and a baking kiln rear end 25 in sequence from the front end to the rear end. The invention also comprises a low-temperature drying kiln 2 and a high-temperature drying kiln 3 corresponding to the low-temperature drying kiln 2, wherein a pipeline A is communicated between the green brick inlet end of the low-temperature drying kiln 2 and the rear end 25 of the roasting kiln, a moisture exhaust fan 8 is arranged on the pipeline A, a pipeline B is communicated between the green brick outlet end of the low-temperature drying kiln 2 and the high-temperature quenching zone 24 of the roasting kiln, a pipeline C is communicated between the pipeline B and the rear end 25 of the roasting kiln, and a waste heat fan 6 is arranged on the pipeline C. A pipeline D is communicated with the outlet end of the green brick of the high-temperature drying kiln 3 at the front end 21 of the roasting kiln, a roasting kiln induced draft fan 7 is installed on the pipeline D, a desulfurization dust remover 10 is communicated with the inlet end of the green brick of the high-temperature drying kiln 3 through a pipeline E, and an induced draft fan 9 is installed on the pipeline E.
The embodiment also comprises a waste heat boiler 12, the high-temperature burning zone 23 of the burning kiln is communicated with the flue gas inlet end of the waste heat boiler 12 through a plurality of pipelines F, and the pipelines F are provided with regulating valves 11. The 12 flue gas outlet ends of the waste heat boilers are communicated with the tail end of the pipeline D through a pipeline J, and a boiler induced draft fan 13 is installed on the pipeline J. As shown in fig. 2, a blower 4 is provided at the rear end 25 of the roasting kiln, and an under-vehicle cooling fan 5 is provided in communication with the roasting kiln heating zone 22.
As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, the present embodiment further includes a kiln car, the kiln car is disposed in the roasting kiln 1 and can move back and forth along a kiln car track line, a kiln car track line is laid at the bottom of the roasting kiln 1, and the kiln car is correspondingly disposed on the kiln car track line; the green brick outlet end of the low-temperature drying kiln 2 corresponds to the green brick inlet end of the high-temperature drying kiln 3.
A method for recycling waste heat of a baked brick tunnel kiln comprises the following steps:
A. brick making raw materials: producing green bricks through a crushing, forming and cutting stacking system, and stacking the green bricks with the water content of about 15% on a kiln car;
B. the kiln car stacked with the green bricks with the water content of 15 percent is sent into a low-temperature drying kiln 2, so that the water content of the green bricks is reduced from 15 percent to 7 to 9 percent, and then the green bricks are pushed out of the low-temperature drying kiln 2;
C. the kiln car stacked with the green bricks with the water content of 7-9% is sent into a high-temperature drying kiln 3, so that the water content of the green bricks is reduced from 7-9% to nearly 0 to obtain dry green bricks, and then the dry green bricks are pushed out of the high-temperature drying kiln 3;
D. the kiln car with the dry brick blank is sent into the roasting kiln 1, and the kiln car sequentially enters the front end 21 of the roasting kiln 1, a heating zone 22 of the roasting kiln, a high-temperature roasting zone 23 of the roasting kiln, a high-temperature quenching zone 24 of the roasting kiln and the rear end 25 of the roasting kiln in a working state, the temperature rise, the high-temperature roasting and the quenching treatment of the dry brick blank are carried out, the temperature is gradually reduced to be close to the normal temperature after the product is roasted, and the roasted finished brick is transported out from the tail end of the roasting kiln 1.
E. The hot air of 140 ℃ pumped out by the waste heat fan 6 from the rear end of the roasting kiln 1 is mixed with the under-vehicle air of about 50 ℃ discharged from the rear end of the roasting kiln 1 to form hot air of about 100 ℃, the hot air enters the low-temperature drying kiln 2 to dry the green bricks, the low-temperature air with higher moisture content of 80 ℃ is pumped out by the moisture exhaust fan 8 from the moisture exhaust port of the low-temperature drying kiln 2, and the low-temperature air enters the roasting kiln 1 from the top of the kiln body at the rear end of the roasting kiln 1 and two side walls to cool the finished bricks;
F. the draught fan 7 of the roasting kiln pumps out low-temperature flue gas with the temperature of about 130 ℃ from the front end of the roasting kiln 1 and sends the low-temperature flue gas into the high-temperature drying kiln 3 to dry the green bricks, and the draught fan 9 pumps out low-temperature flue gas with the temperature of 100 ℃ from the flue gas outlet of the high-temperature drying kiln 3 and sends the low-temperature flue gas into the desulfurization dust remover 10 to be treated and discharged after reaching the standard.
G. For the tunnel kiln for the super internal combustion baked bricks with the adobe calorific value exceeding 500KCal/Kg, under the negative pressure action of a boiler induced draft fan 13, high-temperature flue gas in a high-temperature burning area of the baking kiln 1 enters the flue gas side of a waste heat boiler 12 through an adjusting valve 11, low-temperature flue gas at about 160 ℃ after heat exchange of the waste heat boiler 12 enters an adobe outlet end of a high-temperature drying kiln 3 and is mixed with low-temperature flue gas extracted from the front end of the baking kiln 1 to be used as a heat source of the high-temperature drying kiln 3.
EXAMPLE III
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, a flue gas energy-saving system of a baked brick tunnel kiln (which is applied to a tunnel kiln production line for making bricks from low-calorific-value raw materials) comprises a baking kiln 1, a low-temperature drying kiln 2 and a high-temperature drying kiln 3 which are matched with the roasting kiln 1 and used for drying green bricks, a blower 4 which sends normal temperature air to the tail end of the roasting kiln 1, an under-vehicle cooling fan 5 which sends normal temperature air to cool the kiln car roller to the front end of the roasting kiln 1, and a waste heat fan 6 which extracts hot air from the rear end of the roasting kiln 1 to the low-temperature drying kiln 2, a roasting kiln induced draft fan 7 for extracting low-temperature flue gas from the front end of the roasting kiln 1, a moisture exhaust fan 8 for extracting low-temperature air from a moisture exhaust port of the low-temperature drying kiln 2, an induced draft fan 9 for extracting low-temperature flue gas from the high-temperature drying kiln 3 to a desulfurization dust remover 10, and a corresponding flue gas pipeline and a corresponding valve, wherein the low-temperature flue gas is treated by a desulfurization dust remover 10 and then is discharged after reaching the standard. Different from the conventional tunnel kiln, the drying kiln is divided into two sections, namely a low-temperature drying kiln and a high-temperature drying kiln.
In a conventional tunnel kiln, a blower is provided at the rear end of the kiln to supply normal temperature air into the kiln to supply oxygen for sufficient combustion of fuel (carbon particles) in green bricks and to provide cooling conditions for the fired products. The purpose of arranging the under-vehicle cooling fan at the front end of the roasting kiln is to send normal-temperature air to the lower part of a kiln vehicle in the roasting kiln to cool the kiln vehicle roller so as to ensure the normal operation of the kiln vehicle. The front end of the roasting kiln is provided with a roasting kiln induced draft fan, which aims to pump low-temperature flue gas in the roasting kiln out of the roasting kiln and send the flue gas to a desulfurization dust remover for treatment and then discharge the flue gas after reaching the standard. The rear end of the roasting kiln is provided with a waste heat fan for providing a heat source for drying the green bricks in the drying kiln. The moisture exhaust fan is arranged on the moisture exhaust port of the drying kiln, and aims to exhaust low-temperature air with high humidity out of the drying kiln, so that green bricks are dried. The air feeder, the cooling fan under the vehicle, the residual heat fan, the induced draft fan of the roasting kiln and the moisture exhaust fan are devices arranged on the conventional tunnel kiln. The difference of the invention from the conventional tunnel kiln is that: firstly, the low temperature flue gas that the roasting kiln draught fan was taken out from the front end of roasting kiln does not directly get into the desulfurization dust remover, but gets into the high temperature drying kiln from the air inlet of high temperature drying kiln adobe exit end and carry out the drying to the adobe, sends into the desulfurization dust remover from the low temperature flue gas rethread draught fan of high temperature drying kiln adobe entrance point exhaust. And secondly, the heat of the under-vehicle air exhausted from the rear end of the roasting kiln is completely utilized, the hot air quantity extracted from the rear end of the roasting kiln by the waste heat fan is reduced, the under-vehicle air exhausted from the rear end of the roasting kiln and the hot air extracted from the rear end of the roasting kiln by the waste heat fan are mixed and then enter the low-temperature drying kiln to be used as a heat source for drying the green bricks, and the temperature of the mixed air is lower than that required by a conventional tunnel kiln. And thirdly, low-temperature air containing a large amount of moisture and discharged from the green brick inlet end of the low-temperature drying kiln is sent to the tail end of the roasting kiln through a moisture exhaust fan, so that the roasted product can absorb the moisture and release heat to facilitate the cooling of the product, the sensible heat of the product taken out of the roasting kiln is reduced, the hot air can be recycled, and the amount of the normal-temperature air sent to the tail end of the roasting kiln by a blower is reduced.
The baking kiln will be described with respect to the baking temperature of the green brick being 1000 ℃. The green brick contains a certain amount of carbon particles, and when the air quantity is sufficient, the carbon particles can be rapidly combusted in a high-temperature environment of about 1000 ℃, and a certain amount of high-temperature carbon dioxide gas is released. Because the smoke flowing to the heating area contains redundant oxygen which can assist the carbon particles in the green bricks with the temperature of more than 600 ℃ to burn, the high-temperature burning area of 600-1000 ℃ in the roasting kiln is longer, and is generally 50-60 meters. The excess air coefficient of the conventional tunnel kiln is about 5.0, and the excess air coefficient of the scheme is not more than 3.0.
Example four
The super internal combustion tunnel kiln production line is mainly applied to the production of high-calorific-value raw materials, for the super internal combustion sintered brick production line with the brick blank calorific value exceeding 500KCal/Kg, in a high-temperature sintering area of a roasting kiln, because of the influence of the increase of the smoke gas volume and the high-temperature expansion factor, the area is in positive pressure, and the air in a cooling zone is prevented from entering the high-temperature sintering area for supporting combustion, so that the combustion speed of carbon granules is reduced, and the yield of sintered bricks is reduced. In order to solve the problem, on the premise of ensuring the flue gas volume basically required by the preheating and temperature rise of the green bricks, redundant flue gas is directly discharged from a high-temperature burning area of the roasting kiln to enter a high-temperature flue gas side of a waste heat boiler through a regulating valve 11 under the power action of a boiler induced draft fan 13, so that the flue gas pressure in the high-temperature burning area of the roasting kiln is changed from positive pressure to micro-negative pressure, air sent by a blower at the rear end of the roasting kiln and a moisture exhaust fan smoothly enters the high-temperature burning area for supporting combustion, the combustion speed of carbon granules is improved, and the yield of sintered bricks is improved. On the basis of the third embodiment, the automatic regulating valve, the waste heat boiler and the boiler induced draft fan are additionally arranged to achieve the aim.
Waste heat boiler 12 arranges in the top in the 1 high temperature burning district of roasting kiln, and the high temperature flue gas gets into waste heat boiler 12's flue gas side through arranging automatic control valve 11 in 1 high temperature burning district both sides wall of roasting kiln, and the low temperature flue gas after the heat transfer passes through boiler draught fan 13 and gets into the flue gas import of high temperature drying kiln 3 in waste heat boiler 12, mixes the back with the low temperature flue gas of taking out from 1 front end of roasting kiln as the heat source of high temperature drying kiln 3. When the air quantity sent into the high-temperature burning zone of the roasting kiln 1 by the air feeder 4 and the moisture exhaust fan 8 exceeds the smoke quantity drawn out from the front end of the roasting kiln 1 by the roasting kiln induced fan 7, the high-temperature burning zone of the roasting kiln 1 is in positive pressure, so that the smoke is discharged out of the roasting kiln 1 from the high-temperature burning zone of the roasting kiln 1 through the regulating valve 11 under the negative pressure action of the boiler induced fan 13 and enters the smoke side of the waste heat boiler 12, the high-temperature burning zone of the roasting kiln 1 is maintained in slight negative pressure, and the high-temperature burning zone of the roasting kiln 1 is prevented from discharging smoke in a non-tissue manner.
The baking kiln will be described with respect to the baking temperature of the green brick being 1000 ℃. The green brick contains a certain amount of carbon particles, and when the air quantity is sufficient, the carbon particles can be rapidly combusted in a high-temperature environment of about 1000 ℃, and a certain amount of high-temperature carbon dioxide gas is released. Because the smoke flowing to the heating area contains redundant oxygen which can assist the carbon particles in the green bricks with the temperature of more than 600 ℃ to burn, the high-temperature burning area of 600-1000 ℃ in the roasting kiln is longer, and is generally 60-90 meters.
Experimental example five
In the experimental example, a baked brick tunnel kiln production line with a baked width of 5.3 meters (such as a tunnel kiln production line for making bricks from low-calorific-value raw materials) with a green brick calorific value of 270Kcal/Kg and a annual yield of 1 hundred million blocks is taken as an example: the brick making raw materials (shale, etc.) are sent to a brick factory, mixed with 5000Kcal/Kg coal in proportion in a raw material warehouse to form 270Kcal/Kg brick making raw materials, and baked into baked bricks with various specifications through a baked brick production line. The specific process is as follows: crushing brick making raw materials, storing and aging the crushed raw materials in an aging warehouse, fully and uniformly stirring the crushed raw materials by a stirrer, sending the mixture to a brick extruding machine to prepare green bricks, and finally stacking the green bricks on a kiln car by an automatic green brick stacking machine to form a brick pile; the piled brick enters a low-temperature drying kiln (5.3 meters wide and 50 meters long), then enters a high-temperature drying kiln (5.3 meters wide and 50 meters long), and the green bricks enter a roasting kiln (5.3 meters wide and 144 meters long) after being dried for about 20 hours. Preheating and heating the green brick in a heating area of the roasting kiln by using the heat of flue gas brought by a draught fan of the roasting kiln, and starting burning carbon granules in the green brick at about 600 ℃; the burning degree of carbon granules in the green brick is gradually enhanced along with the continuous movement of the kiln car to the high-temperature burning area, and when the kiln car moves to the high-temperature burning area of 1000 ℃, the carbon granules in the green brick can be violently burnt due to sufficient oxygen sent by the air feeder and the moisture exhaust fan. After the carbon particles in the green brick are completely combusted, the green brick is gradually cooled from 1000 ℃ to near normal temperature under the cooling action of cold air sent by an air blower and a moisture exhaust fan, and is pulled out of a high-temperature drying kiln to become a commercial brick for sale.
A 110KW moisture exhausting fan is pumped out from a moisture exhausting port of the low-temperature drying kiln to draw 16.38 ten thousand Nm3Low-temperature air with higher water vapor content at the temperature of 80 ℃ is fed into the air inlets at the top and the side walls at the rear end of the roasting kiln, and a 3KW air feeder feeds 1.5 ten thousand Nm (nanometers) from the tail end of the roasting kiln3The normal temperature air is fed into the roasting kiln, and the total of two cold air streams is 17.88 ten thousand Nm3The temperature of the air gradually rises while cooling the fired product. Of which 9.38 ten thousand Nm3Hot air heated to 140 ℃ is extracted from the rear end of the roasting kiln by a 90KW waste heat fan, and the rest 8.5 ten thousand Nm3The air continues to flow to the high temperature zone, when the air flows to the 1000 ℃ zone, the air is heated to 1000 ℃, and 0.32 ten thousand Nm is released in the burning process of the carbon granules in the green brick3Per hour of carbon dioxide gas, the amount of flue gas is increased to 8.82 ten thousand Nm3H is used as the reference value. Under the power action of a 90KW roasting kiln induced draft fan, 8.82 ten thousand Nm3Flowing the flue gas to the heating area of the tunnel kiln to heat the green bricks, discharging the green bricks out of the roasting kiln to enter a high-temperature drying kiln when the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to about 130 ℃, reducing the water content of the green bricks in the high-temperature drying kiln from about 8% to nearly 0, and finally pumping out 8.82 ten thousand Nm from the flue gas outlet of the high-temperature drying kiln through a 90KW induced draft fan3The low-temperature flue gas at 100 ℃ is sent to a desulfurization dust remover for treatmentDischarging after reaching the standard. 30KW under-vehicle cooling fan handle 7 ten thousand Nm3The normal temperature air at 25 ℃ per hour is sent to the lower part of a kiln car of the roasting kiln to cool the kiln car rollers, the temperature of the air discharged from the rear end of the roasting kiln is 50 ℃, and the temperature of the air is 7 ten thousand Nm3H) 9.38 ten thousand Nm (Nm) of air and 90KW waste heat fan extracted from the rear end of the roasting kiln3Mixing 16.38 ten thousand Nm by hot air at 140 DEG C3And (6) allowing 100 ℃ hot air to enter an air inlet of the low-temperature drying kiln, and drying the green bricks in the low-temperature drying kiln to reduce the water content of the green bricks from 15% to about 8%. Compared with the brick blank of the conventional tunnel kiln, the calorific value of the brick blank of the tunnel kiln is 80KCal/Kg, and 2850 tons of standard coal can be saved according to 1 hundred million standard bricks produced per year without increasing the power consumption of a fan.
Experimental example six
In the experimental example, a tunnel kiln production line for baked bricks with a baking width of 5.5 meters, which has a coal gangue green heating value of 700Kcal/Kg and a annual output of 1 hundred million blocks, is taken as an example (for example, an ultra-internal combustion tunnel kiln production line for high-heat-value raw material brick making): the coal gangue with average heating value of 700Kcal/Kg discharged by the coal washery is sent to a brick factory through a belt conveyor or an automobile, and is fired into baked bricks with various specifications through the brick factory. The specific process is as follows: crushing coal gangue, storing and aging in an aging warehouse, fully and uniformly stirring the crushed coal gangue by a stirrer, conveying the crushed coal gangue to a brick extruding machine to manufacture green bricks, and finally stacking the green bricks on a kiln car by an automatic green brick stacking machine to form a brick pile; the piled brick enters a low-temperature drying kiln (5.5 meters wide and 54 meters long), then enters a high-temperature drying kiln (5.5 meters wide and 54 meters long), and the green bricks enter a roasting kiln (5.5 meters wide and 172 meters long) after being dried for about 20 hours. Preheating and heating the green brick in a heating area of the roasting kiln by using the heat of flue gas brought by a draught fan of the roasting kiln, and starting burning carbon granules in the green brick at about 600 ℃; the burning degree of carbon granules in the green brick is gradually enhanced along with the continuous movement of the kiln car to the high-temperature burning area, and when the kiln car moves to the high-temperature burning area of 1000 ℃, the carbon granules in the green brick can be violently burnt due to sufficient oxygen sent by the air feeder and the moisture exhaust fan. After the carbon particles in the green brick are completely combusted, the green brick is gradually cooled from 1000 ℃ to near normal temperature under the cooling action of cold air sent by an air blower and a moisture exhaust fan, and is pulled out of a high-temperature drying kiln to become a commercial brick for sale.
A 110KW moisture exhausting fan is pumped out from a moisture exhausting port of the low-temperature drying kiln to draw 16.38 ten thousand Nm3Low-temperature air with higher water vapor content at the temperature of 80 ℃ is sent into the air inlets at the top and the side walls at the rear end of the roasting kiln, and a 7.5KW air feeder feeds 4.14 ten thousand Nm from the tail end of the roasting kiln3The normal temperature air is fed into the roasting kiln, and the total of 20.52 ten thousand Nm of the two cold air flows3The temperature of the air gradually rises while cooling the fired product. Of which 9.38 ten thousand Nm3Hot air heated to 140 ℃ is extracted from the rear end of the roasting kiln by a 90KW waste heat fan, and the rest 11.14 ten thousand Nm3The air continues to flow to the high temperature zone and when the air flows to the 1000 ℃ zone, the air is heated to 1000 ℃ and 0.85 ten thousand Nm is released from the carbon granules in the green brick during the combustion process3Per hour of carbon dioxide gas, the amount of flue gas is increased to 11.99 ten thousand Nm3H is used as the reference value. Under the power action of a 75KW roasting kiln induced draft fan, 6.49 ten thousand Nm3Flowing the flue gas to the heating area of the tunnel kiln to heat the green brick, and discharging the green brick out of the roasting kiln when the temperature of the flue gas is reduced to about 130 ℃; the remaining 5.5 ten thousand Nm3The flue gas at 800-1000 ℃ directly enters the flue gas side of a 15T/h waste heat boiler (3.82 MPa and 450 ℃) through an adjusting valve 11 under the power action of a 90KW boiler induced draft fan, is reduced to about 160 ℃ after heat exchange, and is discharged with 6.49 ten thousand Nm (nanometers) discharged by the induced draft fan of the roasting kiln3Mixing the gas fume at 130 ℃ and the water content of the green brick in the high-temperature drying kiln to be reduced from 8 percent to 0, and finally pumping out 11.99 ten thousand Nm from the gas fume outlet of the high-temperature drying kiln through a 110KW draught fan3And the low-temperature flue gas at the temperature of 100 ℃ is sent to a desulfurization dust remover to be treated and then is discharged after reaching the standard. 30KW under-vehicle cooling fan handle 7 ten thousand Nm3The normal temperature air at 25 ℃ per hour is sent to the lower part of a kiln car of the roasting kiln to cool the kiln car rollers, the temperature of the air discharged from the rear end of the roasting kiln is 50 ℃, and the temperature of the air is 7 ten thousand Nm3H) 9.38 ten thousand Nm (Nm) of air and 90KW waste heat fan extracted from the rear end of the roasting kiln3Mixing 16.38 ten thousand Nm by hot air at 140 DEG C3And (6) allowing 100 ℃ hot air to enter an air inlet of the low-temperature drying kiln, and drying the green bricks in the low-temperature drying kiln to reduce the water content of the green bricks from 15% to about 8%. Based on annual production of 1 hundred million standard bricks, annual operation for 330 days, average3.82MPa of steam with the temperature of 450 ℃ is produced per hour, 13.8T/h of steam with the temperature of 450 ℃ is produced, and 10800 tons of standard coal are saved each year.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. The utility model provides a baked brick tunnel cave waste heat recovery utilizes system, includes roasting kiln (1), roasting kiln (1) distributes in proper order from the front end to the rear end and is provided with roasting kiln front end (21), roasting kiln rising temperature area (22), roasting kiln high temperature burning zone (23), roasting kiln high temperature rapid cooling zone (24) and roasting kiln rear end (25), its characterized in that: the drying device also comprises a low-temperature drying kiln (2) and a high-temperature drying kiln (3) corresponding to the low-temperature drying kiln (2), wherein a pipeline A is communicated between the green brick inlet end of the low-temperature drying kiln (2) and the rear end (25) of the roasting kiln, and a moisture exhaust fan (8) is arranged on the pipeline A; a pipeline B is communicated between the outlet end of the green brick of the low-temperature drying kiln (2) and the high-temperature quenching zone (24) of the roasting kiln, a pipeline C is communicated between the pipeline B and the rear end (25) of the roasting kiln, and a waste heat fan (6) is arranged on the pipeline C; roasting kiln front end (21) and high temperature drying kiln (3) adobe exit end intercommunication have pipeline D, install roasting kiln draught fan (7) on the pipeline D, high temperature drying kiln (3) adobe entrance point is equipped with desulfurization dust remover (10) through pipeline E intercommunication, install draught fan (9) on the pipeline E.
2. The system for recycling waste heat of a tunnel kiln for baked bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that: the system is characterized by also comprising a waste heat boiler (12), wherein the high-temperature burning zone (23) of the roasting kiln is communicated with the smoke inlet end of the waste heat boiler (12) through a plurality of pipelines F, and the pipelines F are provided with regulating valves (11); the waste heat boiler (12) flue gas outlet end communicates with the tail end of the pipeline D through a pipeline J, and a boiler induced draft fan (13) is installed on the pipeline J.
3. The system for recycling waste heat of a tunnel kiln for baked bricks according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: and a blower (4) is arranged at the rear end (25) of the roasting kiln.
4. The system for recycling waste heat of a tunnel kiln for baked bricks according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the roasting kiln temperature rising zone (22) is communicated with an under-vehicle cooling fan (5).
5. The system for recycling waste heat of a tunnel kiln for baked bricks according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: the kiln car is arranged in the roasting kiln (1) and can move back and forth along a kiln car track line.
6. The system for recycling waste heat of a tunnel kiln for baked bricks according to claim 5, characterized in that: and a kiln car track line is laid at the bottom of the roasting kiln (1), and the kiln car is correspondingly arranged on the kiln car track line.
7. The system for recycling waste heat of a tunnel kiln for baked bricks according to claim 1, characterized in that: and the green brick outlet end of the low-temperature drying kiln (2) corresponds to the green brick inlet end of the high-temperature drying kiln (3).
8. A method for recycling waste heat of a baked brick tunnel kiln is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
A. brick making raw materials: producing green bricks through a crushing, forming and cutting stacking system, and stacking the green bricks with the water content of about 15% on a kiln car;
B. the kiln car stacked with the green bricks with the water content of 15 percent is sent into a low-temperature drying kiln (2) to reduce the water content of the green bricks from 15 percent to 7 to 9 percent, and then the low-temperature drying kiln (2) is pushed out;
C. conveying the kiln car stacked with the green bricks with the water content of 7% -9% into a high-temperature drying kiln (3) to reduce the water content of the green bricks from 7% -9% to be close to 0 and obtain dry green bricks, and then pushing out the high-temperature drying kiln (3);
D. the kiln car with the dry brick blanks is conveyed into a roasting kiln (1), and sequentially enters a front end (21) of the roasting kiln, a heating zone (22) of the roasting kiln, a high-temperature roasting zone (23) of the roasting kiln, a high-temperature quenching zone (24) of the roasting kiln and a rear end (25) of the roasting kiln (1) in a working state, the temperature rise, the high-temperature sintering and the quenching treatment of the dry brick blanks are carried out, the temperature of the sintered products is gradually reduced to be close to the normal temperature, and the sintered finished bricks are conveyed out from the tail end of the roasting kiln (1).
9. The system for recycling waste heat of a tunnel kiln for baked bricks according to claim 8, wherein: the method also comprises the following steps:
E. the hot air at 140 ℃ pumped out by the waste heat fan (6) from the rear end of the roasting kiln (1) is mixed with the under-vehicle air at about 50 ℃ discharged from the rear end of the roasting kiln (1) to form hot air at about 100 ℃, the hot air enters the low-temperature drying kiln (2) to dry the green bricks, the low-temperature air with higher water vapor at 80 ℃ is pumped out by the moisture exhaust fan (8) from a moisture exhaust port of the low-temperature drying kiln (2), and the low-temperature air enters the roasting kiln (1) from the top and two side walls of the kiln body at the rear end of the roasting kiln (1) to cool the finished bricks;
F. the low-temperature flue gas of about 130 ℃ is pumped out from the front end of the roasting kiln (1) by the draught fan (7) and is sent into the high-temperature drying kiln (3) to dry the green bricks, and the low-temperature flue gas of 100 ℃ is pumped out from the flue gas outlet of the high-temperature drying kiln (3) by the draught fan (9) and enters the desulfurization dust remover (10) to be treated and discharged after reaching the standard.
10. The system for recycling waste heat of a tunnel kiln for baked bricks according to claim 8 or 9, wherein: the method also comprises the following steps:
G. for the tunnel kiln for the super internal combustion baked bricks with the adobe calorific value exceeding 500KCal/Kg, under the negative pressure action of a boiler induced draft fan (13), high-temperature flue gas in a high-temperature burning area of the baking kiln (1) enters the flue gas side of a waste heat boiler (12) through a regulating valve (11), and low-temperature flue gas at about 160 ℃ after heat exchange of the waste heat boiler (12) enters an adobe outlet end of a high-temperature drying kiln (3) and is mixed with low-temperature flue gas extracted from the front end of the baking kiln (1) to be used as a heat source of the high-temperature drying kiln (3).
CN202110649613.8A 2021-06-10 2021-06-10 Sintered brick tunnel kiln waste heat recycling system and method Pending CN113280634A (en)

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CN207113577U (en) * 2017-02-09 2018-03-16 微山县大卫新型建材有限公司 A kind of tunnel kiln smoke-gas environment-protective circulating processing system
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