CN113279720B - Bidirectional expansion sealing mechanism and bidirectional expansion sealing packer thereof - Google Patents
Bidirectional expansion sealing mechanism and bidirectional expansion sealing packer thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113279720B CN113279720B CN202110733410.7A CN202110733410A CN113279720B CN 113279720 B CN113279720 B CN 113279720B CN 202110733410 A CN202110733410 A CN 202110733410A CN 113279720 B CN113279720 B CN 113279720B
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- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 title claims description 39
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 63
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 34
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000003129 oil well Substances 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000670 limiting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003116 impacting effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 206010024796 Logorrhoea Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000006850 spacer group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/126—Packers; Plugs with fluid-pressure-operated elastic cup or skirt
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B33/00—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells
- E21B33/10—Sealing or packing boreholes or wells in the borehole
- E21B33/12—Packers; Plugs
- E21B33/127—Packers; Plugs with inflatable sleeve
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- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a two-way expansion sealing mechanism, which belongs to the technical field of oil field mechanical equipment and comprises a sealing mechanism, wherein one end of the sealing mechanism is kept still, the other end of the sealing mechanism is connected to a central pipe in a sliding manner, a first liquid inlet cavity and a second liquid inlet cavity are arranged between the sealing mechanism and the central pipe, a first liquid inlet and a second liquid inlet which are respectively communicated with the first liquid inlet cavity and the second liquid inlet cavity are arranged on the central pipe, fracturing liquid respectively enters the first liquid inlet cavity and the second liquid inlet cavity from the central pipe, the sealing mechanism is extruded by resultant force in the radial direction and the axial direction, the expansion sealing effect is improved, and the problem of untight sealing is solved. The fixed end of the plugging mechanism is kept fixed on the upper joint through a fixing mechanism, pressure difference is generated inside and outside the central pipe under the flow limiting effect of a sand sprayer connected with the lower joint during fracturing, and the oil well is plugged in an expandable manner by using the pressure difference plugging mechanism, so that the zonal sealing during fracturing is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oilfield mechanical equipment, in particular to a bidirectional expansion sealing mechanism and a bidirectional expansion sealing packer thereof.
Background
After the oil well is produced to a certain stage, the productivity and the permeability are gradually reduced, in order to enhance the oil discharge capacity and improve the oil well yield, a fracturing technology is usually adopted, hydraulic fracturing is usually adopted in the fracturing technology, namely, a high-pressure and high-displacement pump is used, the principle of liquid pressure transmission is utilized, fracturing liquid is injected into an oil layer at the pressure higher than the absorption capacity of the oil layer, the pressure in a shaft is increased, a stratum near the bottom of the well is fractured, then sand carrying liquid with a propping agent is continuously injected, the fracture extends forwards and is filled with the propping agent, and the fracture is closed on the propping agent after the well is closed, so that a sand filling fracture with certain geometric size and high flow conductivity is formed in the stratum near the bottom of the well, and the purposes of increasing the production and increasing the injection are achieved.
However, because the strength parameters of each section of the stratum are different, the fracturing construction operation must be carried out by adopting the staged fracturing, and the staged fracturing packer is usually adopted for layering during the staged fracturing, for example, the packer disclosed in the invention patent with the name of "a packer self-locking mechanism and packer" of patent number "CN 201710129952.7 comprises a central tube, wherein an upper joint connected with an oil tube and a lower joint connected with a sand ejector are respectively arranged at two ends of the central tube, a sleeve is sleeved outside the central tube, and a cone, a rubber cylinder and a slip are fixedly connected between the sleeve and the central tube; when the packer is set, the central tube moves downwards, the slips extend out under the downward pushing action of the cone and support and match with the inner wall of the sleeve to extrude the lower end of the rubber sleeve, then the upper joint pushes the upper end of the rubber sleeve downwards, the rubber sleeve is extruded in the axial direction to expand the outer diameter of the rubber sleeve, the setting is realized, the central tube of the packer is lifted up during the deblocking, the cone moves upwards, the slips retract, the outer diameter of the rubber sleeve is reduced after the rubber sleeve loses the extruding action, and the deblocking is finished. For example, the invention patent with the patent number "CN 201710129952.7" entitled "soluble packer" is provided with a push piston, when in work, fracturing fluid cuts off a pin on the push piston, the push piston moves downwards to drive a movable sleeve, a guide ring, an upper cone, a slip, a lower cone and a spacer ring to move downwards, a pin II on the lower cone is cut off, a compression rubber sleeve is extruded in the axial direction to expand in the radial direction to complete expansion sealing, when the fracturing fluid is continuously pressurized to a certain pressure, the pin I on the lower cone is cut off, the movable sleeve, the guide ring, the upper cone and the slip continue to move downwards under the push of the piston, and the slip expands in the radial direction to complete locking. The performance of a fracturing packer, which is an essential ring in a string of well fracturing tools, directly determines the success of a fracturing operation. When the packer rubber barrel is set, the rubber barrel is extruded from the axial direction of the rubber barrel, and then the rubber barrel is radially expanded, but the problems of insufficient pressure and untight seal are easily caused by the expansion sealing mode, so that the seal fracturing failure is caused; meanwhile, sand sediment is accumulated on the upper part of the packer in the fracturing process to form a sand bridge, the accumulated sand sediment has certain strength, and even if the packer is unset, the packer is still easy to clamp when lifting a fracturing pipe, so that the phenomenon of well blockage is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problems and provides a bidirectional expansion sealing mechanism and a bidirectional expansion sealing packer thereof.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following scheme: the invention provides a bidirectional expansion sealing mechanism which comprises a sealing mechanism, wherein one end of the sealing mechanism is kept still, the other end of the sealing mechanism is connected to a central pipe of a sealing device in a sliding mode, a first liquid inlet cavity and a second liquid inlet cavity are arranged between the sealing mechanism and the central pipe, fracturing liquid can respectively extrude the sealing mechanism in the radial direction and the axial direction to enable the sealing mechanism to be sealed in an expansion mode, and a first liquid inlet and a second liquid inlet which are respectively communicated with the first liquid inlet cavity and the second liquid inlet cavity are formed in the central pipe.
Preferably, the plugging mechanism comprises an expansion rubber sleeve with a connecting sleeve at the end and a pushing mechanism axially extruding the expansion rubber sleeve, the first liquid inlet cavity is arranged between the expansion rubber sleeve and the central pipe, the pushing mechanism comprises a sealing sleeve sleeved on the central pipe through threads, and a pushing sliding sleeve sleeved on the central pipe and the sealing sleeve, the second liquid inlet cavity is arranged between the pushing sliding sleeve and the sealing sleeve and between the central pipe, and the pushing sliding sleeve is in threaded connection with the connecting sleeve at one slidable end of the expansion rubber sleeve.
Preferably, the joint of the pushing sliding sleeve and the expansion rubber cylinder is wrapped by a guide sheath, and the guide sheath is in threaded connection with the pushing sliding sleeve.
Preferably, the pushing sliding sleeve is provided with a limiting pin for preventing the pushing sliding sleeve from being separated from the sealing sleeve under the pushing of the fracturing fluid.
Preferably, the central tube with the seal cover promote all to be equipped with the sealing washer between the sliding sleeve, the seal cover with promote also to be equipped with the sealing washer between the sliding sleeve.
The bidirectional expansion packer comprises an upper joint connected with the oil pipe, a lower joint connected with the sand blaster, and a central pipe with the end head in the upper joint and the lower joint in threaded connection, wherein the plugging mechanism is arranged on the central pipe, and the immovable end of the plugging mechanism is kept immovable by the upper joint through a fixing mechanism.
Preferably, the fixing mechanism comprises a separation sliding sleeve which is in threaded connection with the connecting sleeve at one end of the expansion rubber sleeve which is kept immovable, the separation sliding sleeve is sleeved on the upper joint through a breakable pin, and the sealing sleeve can be dissolved when meeting oil liquid.
Preferably, the maximum outer diameter of the lower joint is smaller than an inscribed circle between the limiting pins.
Preferably, a clamping sheath is sleeved outside the joint of the separation sliding sleeve and the expansion rubber cylinder, and the clamping sheath is in threaded connection with the separation sliding sleeve.
Preferably, a sealing ring is arranged between the separation sliding sleeve and the upper joint.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects:
1. the plugging mechanism can be arranged on a central tube of the plugging device, when fracturing fluid flows through the central tube, the fracturing fluid enters a liquid inlet cavity from a first liquid inlet, the plugging mechanism is extruded outwards from the radial direction by pressure fluid, one end of the plugging mechanism is kept still, the other end of the plugging mechanism slides towards the center, so that the plugging mechanism expands outwards, the plugging purpose is realized, meanwhile, the fracturing fluid enters a second liquid inlet cavity from a second liquid inlet, the expanded plugging is extruded upwards from the expanded plugging shaft in the second liquid inlet cavity, the expanded plugging further expands outwards, the plugging effect of the plugging mechanism is greatly improved under the combined force of two-way expansion pressure, the sealing performance is more reliable, and the plugging mechanism can naturally recover the state before expansion only by stopping injecting the fracturing fluid during deblocking.
2. The bidirectional expansion seal packer adopts a bidirectional expansion seal mechanism, and when a fracturing process is carried out, the bidirectional expansion packer is lowered to a set position underground along with an oil pipe column, after a fracturing truck starts fracturing operation, the fracturing fluid enters the sand blaster from the inside of the oil pipe, enters the corresponding fracturing layer section outside the oil pipe through the nozzle of the sand blaster, because of the throttling action of the sprayer of the sand blaster, the pressure in the bidirectional expansion packer is larger than the pressure outside the bidirectional expansion packer, the plugging mechanism can simultaneously receive radial expansion pressure and axial extrusion pressure by utilizing pressure difference, the combined force of the radial expansion pressure and the axial extrusion pressure further strengthens the expansion sealing force of the plugging mechanism, the plugging effect of the bidirectional expansion packer is greatly improved, the sealing performance is more reliable, the fracturing efficiency is ensured, the fracturing cost is reduced, the problem of untight expansion sealing is solved, and meanwhile, when fracturing is completed, the internal pressure and the external pressure are balanced, and the plugging mechanism naturally shrinks to complete deblocking.
3. The sealing sleeve of the bidirectional expansion sealing packer adopts a material which can dissolve oil, meanwhile, a fixing mechanism for fixing the sealing mechanism adopts a breakable pin to be fixed on the upper joint, when a 'sand bridge' appears after fracturing is finished, the oil pipe is continuously pulled upwards, the breakable pin is cut off under certain tension, so that a separation sliding sleeve in the fixing mechanism can be separated from the upper joint, the fixing mechanism and the sealing mechanism are completely separated from a central pipe, the fixing mechanism and the sealing mechanism are separated from the central pipe but are clamped in situ by the 'sand bridge' to be immobile due to extrusion of the 'sand bridge', the oil pipe is continuously lifted at the moment, the sealing sleeve is dissolved when meeting oil, the lower joint can impact the sliding sleeve of the sealing mechanism, the whole sealing mechanism and the fixing mechanism generate vibration, the 'sand bridge' is loosened, then the oil pipe is lowered, and the sealing sleeve is separated from the sliding sleeve under the impact of the upper joint, continue to produce the vibration, then in the upwards and downward shock that brings of lifting and transferring repeatedly, "sand bridge" is thoroughly destroyed and is formed the sand and garrulous and fall the below of oil well, then can propose oil pipe and packer oil well, solved other packers and can't lift the oil pipe string under "sand bridge sticking well" situation, can't take out the problem of packer, through shaking the unfreezing, the step is simple and efficient, the unfreezing effect is more reliable.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive exercise.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bidirectional swell-seal packer;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a bidirectional expansion packer during expansion;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a bi-directional swell packer being unset;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the two-way swell-seal packer center tube going up;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a two-way swell-seal packer center tube going down;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the bidirectional inflatable packer after being vibrated and unplugged.
Description of reference numerals: 1. an upper joint; 2. a breakable pin; 3. a first seal ring; 4. separating from the sliding sleeve; 5. connecting sleeves are arranged; 6. clamping the sheath; 7. expanding the rubber cylinder; 8. a first liquid inlet; 9. a central tube; 10. a guide sheath; 11. a lower connecting sleeve; 12. pushing the sliding sleeve; 13. a second seal ring; 14. a second liquid inlet; 15. a third seal ring; 16. sealing sleeves; 17. a limit pin; 18. a lower joint; 19. a second liquid inlet cavity; 20. a first liquid inlet chamber; 21. an oil pipe; 22. a sleeve; 23. a sand bridge; 24. and (6) crushing sand.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
This embodiment provides a two-way expanding sealing mechanism, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, which includes a plugging mechanism having one end fixed and the other end slidably connected to a central tube 9 of a plugging device, a first liquid inlet chamber 20 and a second liquid inlet chamber 19 are provided between the plugging mechanism and the central tube 9, and a first liquid inlet 8 and a second liquid inlet 14 are provided on the peripheral wall of the central tube 9 and respectively communicated with the first liquid inlet chamber 20 and the second liquid inlet chamber 19, when a fracturing fluid flows through the central tube 9, the fracturing fluid enters the first liquid inlet chamber 20 through the first liquid inlet 8, and extrudes the plugging mechanism from the radial direction to the outside, because one end of the plugging mechanism is fixed and the other end moves to the center under the pushing of pressure, the plugging mechanism expands to the outside, and the fracturing fluid enters the second liquid inlet chamber 19 through the second liquid inlet 14, and then extrudes the plugging mechanism from the shaft to the outside, so that the plugging mechanism further expands in the radial direction, then the plugging mechanism is extruded in the axial direction and the radial direction in two directions to provide enough extrusion force, so that the plugging mechanism can be plugged in place, and the purpose of packing is realized. When the deblocking is needed, only the fracturing fluid needs to be stopped from being injected, the fracturing pressure disappears, the internal pressure and the external pressure of the plugging mechanism are balanced, the sealing state is relieved and recovered, and the deblocking is completed.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, the plugging mechanism includes an expandable rubber cylinder 7 and a pushing mechanism capable of axially extruding the expandable rubber cylinder 7, an upper connection sleeve 5 and a lower connection sleeve 11 are respectively cast at two ends of the expandable rubber cylinder 7, the surfaces of the upper connection sleeve 5 and the lower connection sleeve 11 are provided with threads, a gap is formed between the expandable rubber cylinder 7 and a central pipe 9 to form a first liquid inlet cavity 20, and a first liquid inlet 8 is opened at a position of the central pipe 9 corresponding to the first liquid inlet cavity 20 to allow a fracturing liquid to enter the first liquid inlet cavity 20. The pushing mechanism comprises a sealing sleeve 16 and a pushing sliding sleeve 12, the sealing sleeve 16 is in threaded connection with the central tube 9, the pushing sliding sleeve 12 is simultaneously sleeved outside the sealing sleeve 16 and the central tube 9 in a sliding manner, meanwhile, the end of the pushing sliding sleeve 12 is in threaded connection with the lower connecting sleeve 11, a second liquid inlet cavity 19 is formed among the pushing sliding sleeve 12, the central pipe 9 and the sealing sleeve 16, a second liquid inlet 14 is formed at the corresponding position of the central pipe 9, after the pressure fluid enters the second fluid inlet cavity 19 through the second fluid inlet 14, the fracturing fluid pushes the sliding sleeve 12, the sliding sleeve 12 is pushed by the fracturing fluid to extrude the end of the expansion rubber cylinder 7 along the axial direction of the expansion rubber cylinder 7, meanwhile, the fracturing fluid in the first fluid inlet cavity 20 can directly extrude the expansion rubber cylinder 7 from the radial direction, and finally the center of the expansion rubber cylinder 7 expands, as shown in fig. 3, the expansion packing 7 can be expanded to seal the expansion after expansion in the form of the expansion packing 7 being expanded.
Further, in order to avoid pushing the sliding sleeve 12 to push the expansion rubber sleeve 7, the expansion rubber sleeve 7 expands to generate an offset, in this embodiment, the guiding sheath 10 is tightly wrapped outside the joint of the pushing sliding sleeve 12 and the expansion rubber sleeve 7, and meanwhile, the guiding sheath 10 is screwed on the pushing sliding sleeve 12, and under the wrapping of the guiding sheath 10, the pushing sliding sleeve 12 can help to push the end of the expansion rubber sleeve 7 stably.
In this embodiment, be equipped with spacing pin 17 on promoting sliding sleeve 12, seal cover 16 is type of step-like structure, and after promoting sliding sleeve 12 and slided out a section distance from seal cover 16, spacing pin 17 can block on seal cover 16's step structure, breaks away from seal cover 16 when avoiding promoting sliding sleeve 12 to slide then.
In this embodiment, third sealing rings 15 are disposed between the sealing sleeve 16 and the central pipe 9, and between the pushing sliding sleeve 12 and the sealing sleeve 16, and a second sealing ring 13 is disposed between the central pipe 9 and the pushing sliding sleeve 12, so as to prevent the fracturing fluid in the second fluid inlet chamber 19 from leaking outside.
The embodiment provides a bidirectional swell-seal packer, as shown in fig. 1 to 6, which comprises an upper joint 1, a lower joint 18, and a central pipe 9 in threaded connection with the upper joint 1 and the lower joint 18, wherein a plugging mechanism is arranged on the central pipe 9, and the immovable end of the plugging mechanism is kept immovable on the upper joint 1 through a fixing mechanism. After the lower joint 18 is connected with a sand blaster, the upper joint 1 of the bidirectional expansion seal packer is connected with an oil pipe 21 and goes down to a set position of an oil well along with the oil pipe 21, an oil well opening is communicated with a fracturing manifold, a fracturing truck starts fracturing operation, fracturing fluid enters the sand blaster from the inside of the oil pipe 21 and enters a corresponding fracturing layer section outside the oil pipe 21 through a nozzle of the sand blaster, the pressure in the oil pipe 21 is larger than the pressure outside the oil pipe 21 due to the throttling action of a nozzle of the sand blaster, and the bidirectional expansion seal packer realizes expansion seal of the sealing mechanism by utilizing the pressure difference. As shown in figure 3, after fracturing fluid in an oil pipe 21 enters a central pipe 9 from an upper joint 1, the fracturing fluid enters a first liquid inlet cavity 20 from a first liquid inlet 8, due to the fact that pressure difference exists between the inside and the outside of the bidirectional expansion packer, a plugging mechanism expands and expands outwards in the radial direction under the action of the fracturing hydraulic pressure in the first liquid inlet cavity 20 and expands tightly on the inner wall of a casing 22 of an oil well, meanwhile, the fracturing fluid in the central pipe 9 enters a second liquid inlet cavity 19 from a second liquid inlet 14, the plugging mechanism is squeezed upwards, the plugging mechanism is further squeezed from the axial direction, the expansion effect of the plugging mechanism is further enhanced through the combined force of the two effects, the packing performance of the packer is greatly improved, and the bidirectional expansion function is achieved. And after fracturing is finished, stopping injecting fracturing fluid, enabling fracturing pressure to disappear, enabling the internal pressure and the external pressure of the plugging mechanism to be balanced, releasing the expansion sealing state and recovering the original state, and finishing unsealing.
Since the sand-containing fracturing fluid will gather and precipitate in the upper annular space of the expansion rubber sleeve 7 after the fracturing process is completed, and form a sand bridge 23, as shown in fig. 3 to 6, the periphery of the bidirectional packer is blocked, and then the oil pipe 21 cannot be lifted up and down, so that the 'well-stuck phenomenon' is caused, in order to solve the problem, in the embodiment, the sealing sleeve 16 is made of a material which can be dissolved in the oil fluid, preferably, the sealing sleeve 16 is made of a soluble alloy which has the characteristic of being dissolved in the oil fluid, after the fracturing fluid process is completed, after the oil fluid enters an oil well, the sealing sleeve 16 can be gradually dissolved, meanwhile, the fixing mechanism comprises a separation sliding sleeve 4, one end of the separation sliding sleeve 4 is in threaded connection with the upper connecting sleeve 5 at one end where the expansion rubber sleeve 7 is kept immovable, the other end of the separation sliding sleeve 4 is connected with the upper joint 1 through a breakable pin 2, when the oil pipe 21 is lifted up, under a certain tensile force, the breakable pin 2 can be broken, and then the breakable sliding sleeve 4 can be separated from the fixation of the upper joint 1, so that the expansion rubber sleeve 7, the upper connecting sleeve 5, the clamping sheath 6, the guide sheath 10, the lower connecting sleeve 11, and the pushing sliding sleeve 12 is separated from the central tube 9, but the above structure is extruded by the sand bridge 23 and is kept in place, the oil tube 21 is pulled to move upwards at the moment, the central tube 9 and the lower joint 18 move upwards, because the sealing sleeve 16 is dissolved, the lower joint 18 can impact the pushing sliding sleeve 12 and then vibrate to loosen the sand bridge 23, and then the lower oil tube 21 is placed by continuously lifting up, and the breakable sliding sleeve 4 can vibrate the sand bridge 23, so that the sand bridge 23 is loosened and broken to form crushed sand 24 and falls into the oil well.
The specific process is as follows:
firstly, as shown in fig. 3, a sand bridge 23 is generated on the upper part of the bidirectional expansion packer at the moment when the fracturing process is just completed, at this time, the oil pipe 21 is lifted, the pipe column of the oil pipe 21 cannot be lifted due to the blockage of the sand bridge 23, and the breakable pin 2 is sheared when the pulling force of the oil pipe 21 is continuously increased; as shown in fig. 4, the structure separated from the sliding sleeve 4, the expansion rubber sleeve 7 and the like is separated from the central pipe 9, the oil pipe 21 can drive the upper joint 1, the central pipe 9 and the lower joint 18 to move upwards, and after the upper joint moves upwards for a certain distance, the lower joint 18 can impact the structure separated from the sliding sleeve 4 and the like, so that the vibration impact is generated to impact the sand bridge 23, the vibration impact can weaken the filling compactness of the sand bridge 23, and the structure of the sand bridge 23 tends to be loose;
secondly, as shown in fig. 5, lowering the oil pipe 21, keeping the structural components such as the separation sliding sleeve 4 and the expansion rubber sleeve 7 in situ, descending the upper joint 1 along with the central pipe 9, then impacting the upper joint 1 to separate from the sliding sleeve 4, vibrating the structural components such as the separation sliding sleeve 4 and the expansion rubber sleeve 7 again, and then impacting the sand bridge 23 to make the structure of the sand bridge loose;
and thirdly, repeating the actions, repeatedly lifting and releasing the oil pipe 21 for a plurality of times, enabling the sand bridge 23 to be completely loosened and broken to form crushed sand 24 and fall down to the underground under the bidirectional oscillation impact in the up and down directions, and then eliminating the well blocking phenomenon, eliminating the blocked state of the bidirectional expansion packer, lifting the oil pipe 21 out of the well along with the blockage of the bidirectional expansion packer, thereby realizing the function of oscillation blockage release.
In this embodiment, the maximum outer diameter of the lower joint 18 is smaller than the inscribed circle between the limit pins 17, as shown in fig. 4 and 6, so that the lower joint 18 can extend into the sliding sleeve 12 and be pushed, and cannot be obstructed by the limit pins 17, thereby facilitating the impact pushing of the sliding sleeve 12 and generating vibration.
In this embodiment, break away from sliding sleeve 4 and 7 junctions overcoat of inflation packing element and be equipped with and press from both sides tight sheath 6, press from both sides tight sheath 6 threaded connection on breaking away from sliding sleeve 4 to avoid inflation packing element 7 and break away from sliding sleeve 4 and take place the dislocation.
In this embodiment, be equipped with first sealing washer 3 between breaking away from sliding sleeve 4 and the top connection 1 to avoid the fracturing fluid to leak from breaking away from the sliding sleeve 4 and the top connection 1 junction in the first feed liquor chamber 20.
The principle and the implementation mode of the invention are explained by applying a specific example, and the description of the embodiment is only used for helping to understand the method and the core idea of the invention; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present invention, the specific embodiments and the application range may be changed. In view of the above, the present disclosure should not be construed as limiting the invention.
Claims (7)
1. A bidirectional expansion seal packer is characterized by comprising a bidirectional expansion seal mechanism, an upper joint connected with an oil pipe, a lower joint connected with a sand blaster, and a central pipe with an end head in threaded connection with the upper joint and the lower joint; the bidirectional expansion sealing mechanism comprises a sealing mechanism, one end of the sealing mechanism is fixed, the other end of the sealing mechanism is connected to a central pipe of the sealing device in a sliding mode, a first liquid inlet cavity and a second liquid inlet cavity are arranged between the sealing mechanism and the central pipe, fracturing liquid can respectively extrude the sealing mechanism in the radial direction and the axial direction to enable the sealing mechanism to be sealed in an expansion mode, and a first liquid inlet and a second liquid inlet which are respectively communicated with the first liquid inlet cavity and the second liquid inlet are formed in the central pipe; the plugging mechanism is arranged on the central pipe, the immovable end of the plugging mechanism is kept immovable at the upper joint through a fixing mechanism, the plugging mechanism comprises an expansion rubber cylinder with a connecting sleeve at the end head and a pushing mechanism for axially extruding the expansion rubber cylinder, and the first liquid inlet cavity is arranged between the expansion rubber cylinder and the central pipe; the pushing mechanism comprises a sealing sleeve which is sleeved on the central pipe in a threaded manner, and a pushing sliding sleeve which is sleeved on the central pipe and the sealing sleeve in a sliding manner, the second liquid inlet cavity is arranged among the pushing sliding sleeve, the sealing sleeve and the central pipe, and the pushing sliding sleeve is in threaded connection with the connecting sleeve at one slidable end of the expansion rubber sleeve; the fixing mechanism comprises a separation sliding sleeve in threaded connection with the connecting sleeve at one end of the expansion rubber sleeve which is kept still, the separation sliding sleeve is sleeved on the upper joint through a breakable pin, and the sealing sleeve can be dissolved when meeting oil liquid;
when the sand bridge appears after fracturing is completed, the oil pipe is pulled upwards until the breakable pin is broken, the fixing mechanism and the plugging mechanism are separated from the central pipe, the sealing sleeve is dissolved when meeting oil, the oil pipe is continuously lifted, the lower joint impacts the pushing sliding sleeve, the plugging mechanism and the fixing mechanism vibrate, then the oil pipe is lowered, the upper joint impacts the separation sliding sleeve, then the oil pipe is repeatedly lifted and lowered until the sand bridge is broken, and the sand bridge is unfreezed.
2. The bidirectional swell-seal packer of claim 1, wherein a guide sheath is wrapped around the joint of the push sliding sleeve and the swelling rubber cylinder, and the guide sheath is screwed on the push sliding sleeve.
3. A bidirectional swell-seal packer according to claim 2, characterized in that sealing rings are provided between the central tube and the sealing sleeve and between the sealing sleeve and the push sliding sleeve, and sealing rings are also provided between the sealing sleeve and the push sliding sleeve.
4. The bidirectional swell-seal packer of claim 1, wherein the pushing sliding sleeve is provided with a limit pin for preventing the pushing sliding sleeve from being separated from the sealing sleeve under the pushing of the fracturing fluid.
5. A bidirectional swell-seal packer according to claim 4, wherein the maximum outer diameter of the lower joint is smaller than the inscribed circle between the limit pins.
6. The bidirectional swell-seal packer of claim 1, wherein a clamping sheath is sleeved outside the joint of the release sleeve and the swelling rubber cylinder, and the clamping sheath is screwed on the release sleeve.
7. A bidirectional swell-seal packer as claimed in claim 1, wherein a seal ring is provided between the release sleeve and the upper joint.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110733410.7A CN113279720B (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Bidirectional expansion sealing mechanism and bidirectional expansion sealing packer thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110733410.7A CN113279720B (en) | 2021-06-30 | 2021-06-30 | Bidirectional expansion sealing mechanism and bidirectional expansion sealing packer thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113279720A CN113279720A (en) | 2021-08-20 |
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| CN115680550A (en) * | 2022-09-07 | 2023-02-03 | 韩玉中 | Stable and durable packer |
| CN117166957B (en) * | 2023-11-03 | 2024-01-05 | 中国石油集团渤海钻探工程有限公司 | Sand-proof plugging tool with delayed expansion sealing and use method thereof |
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