CN113279701A - Wear-resistant erosion-resistant PDC drill bit and design method thereof - Google Patents
Wear-resistant erosion-resistant PDC drill bit and design method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113279701A CN113279701A CN202110833812.4A CN202110833812A CN113279701A CN 113279701 A CN113279701 A CN 113279701A CN 202110833812 A CN202110833812 A CN 202110833812A CN 113279701 A CN113279701 A CN 113279701A
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- 230000003628 erosive effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 61
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 61
- 230000036346 tooth eruption Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 11
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005219 brazing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000881 Cu alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000007664 blowing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000679 solder Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 210000003781 tooth socket Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005253 cladding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009991 scouring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008646 thermal stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/46—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts
- E21B10/54—Drill bits characterised by wear resisting parts, e.g. diamond inserts the bit being of the rotary drag type, e.g. fork-type bits
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
- B23K1/203—Fluxing, i.e. applying flux onto surfaces
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K1/00—Soldering, e.g. brazing, or unsoldering
- B23K1/20—Preliminary treatment of work or areas to be soldered, e.g. in respect of a galvanic coating
- B23K1/206—Cleaning
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent
- C22C30/02—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent containing copper
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C32/00—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ
- C22C32/0047—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents
- C22C32/0052—Non-ferrous alloys containing at least 5% by weight but less than 50% by weight of oxides, carbides, borides, nitrides, silicides or other metal compounds, e.g. oxynitrides, sulfides, whether added as such or formed in situ with carbides, nitrides, borides or silicides as the main non-metallic constituents only carbides
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21B—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; OBTAINING OIL, GAS, WATER, SOLUBLE OR MELTABLE MATERIALS OR A SLURRY OF MINERALS FROM WELLS
- E21B10/00—Drill bits
- E21B10/42—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits
- E21B10/43—Rotary drag type drill bits with teeth, blades or like cutting elements, e.g. fork-type bits, fish tail bits characterised by the arrangement of teeth or other cutting elements
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
- B22F5/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the special shape of the product
- B22F2005/001—Cutting tools, earth boring or grinding tool other than table ware
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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- Geology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wear-resistant erosion-resistant PDC drill bit and a design method thereof, belonging to the technical field of PDC drill bits, wherein the design method comprises the following steps: the PDC cutting bit is characterized in that a plurality of prefabricated blocks matched with the PDC cutting bit are welded below a tooth groove of the PDC drill bit, a armor layer located below the tooth groove is formed by the prefabricated blocks together, the armor layer replaces a welding layer of the PDC drill bit, and meanwhile, the PDC cutting teeth and the prefabricated blocks are connected into the tooth groove of the PDC drill bit and a groove below the tooth groove through one-time welding, so that the anti-erosion capacity of the tooth groove of the steel PDC drill bit is improved, and the purpose of optimizing the machining process of the steel PDC drill bit is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of PDC drill bits, and particularly relates to a wear-resistant erosion-resistant PDC drill bit and a design method thereof.
Background
In the drilling process of the drill bit, in order to meet the requirement of continuous and efficient drilling, the drill bit is provided with a nozzle for spraying high-speed drilling fluid so as to clean the bottom of a well in time and cool the cutting teeth. However, the high velocity drilling fluid exiting the nozzles and the downhole debris mixed with the drilling fluid erode the abrasive bit body, particularly under the flutes of steel PDC bits where the hydraulic structure of the bit is not reasonable. Thereby leading to the cutting tooth to expose the drill bit body, reducing the joint strength of the cutting tooth and the drill bit body and causing the phenomenon that the drill bit fails due to tooth dropping.
Conventional steel body PDC bits typically address this problem by welding a layer of wear and erosion resistant alloy beneath the tooth slots. However, the prior steel PDC drill bit has a thinner welding layer which is generally about 1-2mm, and the steel PDC drill bit is unevenly distributed on a drill bit body and has poor wear resistance and erosion resistance. Meanwhile, the welding of the wear-resistant and erosion-resistant alloy below the tooth groove needs to be completed before the welding of the PDC cutting teeth, and residual uneven thermal stress is generated on the bit body by hot processing required by the welding, so that the dimensional accuracy of the tooth groove and the hardness of the surface of the blade are changed.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, in order to solve the above problems in the prior art, the present invention provides a wear-resistant and erosion-resistant PDC drill bit and a design method thereof, so as to achieve the purposes of improving the erosion resistance at the tooth grooves of a steel PDC drill bit and optimizing the machining process of the steel PDC drill bit.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: a design method of a wear-resistant erosion-resistant PDC drill bit comprises the following steps:
a plurality of precast blocks matched with the tooth grooves of the PDC drill bit are welded below the tooth grooves of the PDC drill bit, a armor layer located below the tooth grooves is formed by the precast blocks, and the armor layer replaces a welding layer of the PDC drill bit.
Further, the design method further comprises: and grooves are formed below the tooth grooves of the PDC drill bit, and the precast blocks are connected into the grooves in a welding mode.
Further, the depth of recess is compared in the thickness of prefabricated section and is dark 0.5 ~ 1mm, and the thickness of prefabricated section establishes to 3 ~ 6mm to the prefabricated section welding is in the recess, and its bottom does not receive the erosion influence.
Further, the design method further comprises:
the PDC cutting teeth and the precast blocks are connected into the grooves below the tooth grooves and the tooth grooves of the PDC drill bit through one-time welding, the traditional machining process that the PDC drill bit needs two times of hot working is replaced, production efficiency can be improved, and good mechanical properties can be guaranteed.
Furthermore, arc-shaped openings are formed in the precast blocks and are correspondingly matched with the tooth groove notches of the PDC drill bit respectively, so that the nail protection layer can fully cover the easily-eroded and easily-abraded parts below the tooth grooves of the PDC drill bit.
Furthermore, 0.5-1mm welding spaces are reserved between the surfaces of the prefabricated blocks and the grooves and between every two adjacent prefabricated blocks, so that the connection strength between the prefabricated blocks and the drill bit body is guaranteed.
Further, the processing technology of the precast block is as follows:
s1: making a mould according to design requirements;
s2: preparing a wear-resistant erosion-resistant material;
s3: putting the wear-resistant erosion-resistant material into a mold, and heating under 16-19 Mpa;
s4: when the temperature reaches 1000-1100 ℃, the temperature is kept for about 8-12 minutes under the pressure;
s5: stopping heating and cooling;
wherein, the cooling is carried out under the pressure maintaining condition at the temperature of more than 600 ℃, and the cooling is carried out to the room temperature by natural cooling at the temperature of less than 600 ℃.
Further, the wear-resistant erosion-resistant material comprises the following material components: 35-40% of-70- + 400-mesh tungsten carbide, 3-5% of manganese, 10-12% of nickel, 15-20% of hard alloy and 26-32% of copper alloy.
Further, the welding process for welding the PDC cutting teeth and the precast blocks at one time is as follows:
t1: cleaning tooth grooves and the surfaces of grooves on the PCD drill bit by using absolute alcohol, and then blowing off by using oxygen;
t2: putting the PDC cutting teeth into absolute alcohol to be soaked for more than 2 minutes, and then fishing out and airing for later use;
t3: coating a welding flux on a position needing to be welded on the PCD drill bit, and coating the welding flux on the PDC cutting teeth and each prefabricated block;
t4: heating the PCD drill bit, the PDC cutting teeth and the precast blocks to 500-600 ℃;
t5: putting the PDC cutting teeth and the precast blocks into corresponding tooth grooves on the PCD drill bit and grooves below the tooth grooves, and welding by using flame brazing, wherein the welding temperature is lower than 700 ℃;
t6: and coating flux on the welding position after the brazing is finished, and placing the welding position in a heat preservation box for natural cooling.
The invention also provides a wear-resistant erosion-resistant PDC drill bit which is manufactured and processed by the design method of the wear-resistant erosion-resistant PDC drill bit.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. by adopting the wear-resistant erosion-resistant PDC drill bit and the design method thereof, the armor layer is composed of the high wear-resistant erosion-resistant precast block, the precast block can be recycled and used for many times, and the armor layer is thicker and can bear stronger hydraulic erosion; the setting of drill bit nozzle can increase the intensity of washing away to the cutting teeth position in practical application to accelerate the cooling of cutting teeth, so that cutting teeth obtain better cutting performance, reduce the mud bag and form the probability, and then accelerate the discharge of detritus.
2. By adopting the wear-resistant erosion-resistant PDC drill bit and the design method thereof, the PDC cutting teeth and the precast blocks are welded in the tooth grooves on the blades of the drill bit and the grooves below the tooth grooves in one step, and compared with the traditional processing technology of welding the wear-resistant erosion-resistant layer and then polishing the tooth grooves to weld the cutting teeth, the processing method avoids secondary hot processing on the blades of the drill bit body, better ensures the mechanical properties and tooth hole precision of the surfaces of the blades and the blades, saves the processing time and the processing cost and improves the production efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of a wear-resistant erosion-resistant PDC drill bit provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of FIG. 1;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a wear-resistant erosion-resistant PDC drill bit provided by the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure of FIG. 3;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged partial schematic view of FIG. 4 at A;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the installation of the prefabricated block in the wear-resistant erosion-resistant PDC bit provided by the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a partial configuration of blades of a wear and erosion resistant PDC bit provided by the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the overall configuration of the blades of the wear and erosion resistant PDC bit provided by the present invention;
the drawings are labeled as follows:
1-bit joint, 2-bit body, 3-outer flow channel, 4-blade, 5-nozzle, 6-armor layer, 7-PDC cutting tooth, 8-arc opening, 9-gap between two adjacent prefabricated blocks, 10-gap between prefabricated block and groove surface, 11-groove, 12-prefabricated block, 13-tooth groove, 14-groove surface and 15-groove two side lines.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict.
It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that the indication of the orientation or the positional relationship is based on the orientation or the positional relationship shown in the drawings, or the orientation or the positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the present invention is used, or the orientation or the positional relationship which is usually understood by those skilled in the art, or the orientation or the positional relationship which is usually placed when the product of the present invention is used, and is only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but does not indicate or imply that the indicated device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and therefore, cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used merely to distinguish one description from another, and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be further noted that the terms "disposed" and "connected" are to be interpreted broadly, and may be, for example, fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, unless explicitly stated or limited otherwise; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases by those skilled in the art; the drawings in the embodiments are used for clearly and completely describing the technical scheme in the embodiments of the invention, and obviously, the described embodiments are a part of the embodiments of the invention, but not all of the embodiments. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.
Example 1
In order to improve the wear and erosion resistance of the PDC drill bit, the present embodiment specifically provides a design method of a wear and erosion resistant PDC drill bit, which is based on an existing PDC drill bit, and as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the PDC drill bit includes a bit joint 1, a bit body 2, an outer flow channel 3, a nozzle 5, blades 4, and PDC cutting teeth 7 disposed on the blades 4.
When receiving comparatively serious erosion for improving flute 13 below of PDC drill bit, lead to PDC cutting teeth 7 to expose drill bit body 2, reduce the joint strength between PDC cutting teeth 7 and drill bit body 2, arouse that the PDC drill bit takes place because of falling the phenomenon that the tooth became invalid, in this embodiment, its design method mainly is:
(1) manufacturing a precast block 12 matched with the lower part of a tooth groove 13 of a PDC drill bit to be designed in a mould, wherein the width and the thickness of the precast block 12 are determined according to the size of the drill bit, and in practical application, the thickness of the precast block 12 is generally selected to be 3-6 mm;
the processing technology of the precast block 12 is as follows:
s1: making a mould according to design requirements;
s2: the wear-resistant erosion-resistant material is prepared, and in practical application, the wear-resistant erosion-resistant material comprises the following material components: 35-40% of-70- + 400-mesh tungsten carbide, 3-5% of manganese, 10-12% of nickel, 15-20% of hard alloy and 26-32% of copper alloy;
s3: putting the wear-resistant erosion-resistant material into a mold, and heating under 16-19 Mpa;
s4: when the temperature reaches 1000-1100 ℃, the temperature is kept for about 8-12 minutes under the pressure;
s5: stopping heating and cooling;
wherein, the cooling is carried out at the temperature of more than 600 ℃ by pressure maintaining, and the cooling is carried out to the room temperature at the temperature of less than 600 ℃ by natural cooling.
(2) In order to meet the connection strength and the machinability of the wear-resistant and erosion-resistant precast block 12 and the drill bit body 2, a groove 11 for placing the precast block 12 is formed below the tooth groove 13 of the drill bit body 2, and the groove 11 is used for welding connection of each precast block 12.
For the design of the groove 11, it should be noted that: the depth of the groove 11 is 0.5-1mm deeper than the thickness of the precast block 12, so that when the precast block 12 is welded in the groove 11, the bottom of the groove is not eroded.
The normal distances of two sides (namely two side lines 15 of the groove) of the bottom of the groove 11 are set to be equal (namely the two side lines 15 of the groove are parallel to each other), so that the universality of the precast block 12 is improved. When the prefabricated section 12 is arranged at any position in the groove 11, the normal width of the groove 11 is 0.5-1mm wider than the thickness of the prefabricated section 12 so as to provide space for welding solder.
(3) As shown in fig. 3 and 4, a plurality of matched precast blocks 12 are welded in the grooves 11 below the tooth grooves 13 of the PDC drill bit, the precast blocks 12 jointly form the armor layer 6 below the tooth grooves 13, and the armor layer 6 replaces the cladding layer of the PDC drill bit.
In order to provide better wear resistance and erosion resistance for the PDC drill bit, as shown in fig. 5, arc-shaped openings 8 are formed in the precast blocks 12, and the arc-shaped openings 8 are respectively matched with the notches of the tooth grooves 13 of the PDC drill bit in a one-to-one correspondence manner, so that the easily-eroded and easily-abraded parts below the tooth grooves 13 of the PDC drill bit can be fully covered.
As shown in fig. 4 and 5, since the armor layer 6 formed on the blade 4 is composed of a plurality of prefabricated blocks 12, in order to ensure the connection strength between the prefabricated blocks 12 and the drill bit body 2, a welding space of 0.5-1mm should be left between the surface of the prefabricated block 12 and the groove surface 14 (i.e., 10 in fig. 5) and between two adjacent prefabricated blocks 12 (i.e., 9 in fig. 5).
As shown in fig. 6, each prefabricated block 12 is installed in the groove 11 below the tooth slot 13 of the blade 4 by welding to form an integral armor layer 6 which is formed by a plurality of prefabricated blocks 12, and the armor layer 6 has the advantages of high wear resistance and erosion resistance and can replace the traditional manual welding of wear-resistant layers.
Compared with the conventional welding layer with limited thickness and wear resistance and erosion resistance formed by a single welding material, the welding layer is not limited by the material in the processing process of the precast block 12. Meanwhile, the prefabricated block 12 formed by using a material with stronger wear and erosion resistance and a more reasonable process has stronger wear and erosion resistance than a traditional welding layer. Meanwhile, the wear-resistant and corrosion-resistant armor layer 6 consisting of the precast blocks 12 is more uniform and thicker and has stronger wear-resistant and erosion-resistant capabilities.
On the basis of the design method, in order to further improve the production efficiency and ensure good mechanical properties, the PDC cutting teeth 7 and the precast blocks 12 are connected into the tooth grooves 13 and the grooves 11 below the tooth grooves 13 of the PDC drill bit through one-time welding so as to replace the traditional machining process method of the PDC drill bit requiring two times of hot working.
The welding process for welding the PDC cutting teeth 7 and the precast blocks 12 at one time is as follows:
t1: cleaning tooth grooves 13 and groove surfaces 14 on the PCD drill bit by absolute ethyl alcohol, and then blowing clean by oxygen;
t2: putting the PDC cutting teeth 7 into absolute alcohol to be soaked for more than 2 minutes, and then fishing out and airing for later use;
t3: coating a welding flux on the position to be welded on the PCD drill bit, and coating the welding flux on the PDC cutting teeth 7 and each precast block 12 to improve the welding strength;
t4: heating the PCD drill bit, the PDC cutting teeth and each prefabricated block 12 to 500-600 ℃ for preheating;
t5: putting the PDC cutting teeth 7 and the precast blocks 12 into corresponding tooth grooves 13 on the PCD drill bit and grooves 11 below the tooth grooves 13, and welding by using flame brazing, wherein the welding temperature is lower than 700 ℃ so as to realize one-time welding connection;
t6: and coating a welding flux on a welding position after the brazing is finished, and naturally cooling the welding flux in a heat preservation box to ensure that the welding strength meets the design requirement.
Adopt PDC cutting teeth 7 and prefabricated section 12 through once only welding in the tooth's socket 13 of wing 4 and in the recess 11 of tooth's socket 13 below, for the traditional processing technology of applying earlier welding wear-resisting erosion-resistant layer and polishing tooth's socket 13 welding PDC cutting teeth 7, it has avoided the secondary hot working on the wing 4 of drill bit body 2, better assurance wing 4 and the mechanical properties and the tooth's socket 13 precision on wing 4 surface, and simultaneously, processing time and processing cost have also been practiced thrift, and the production efficiency is improved.
Example 2
Specifically, in example 1, a method for designing a wear-resistant and erosion-resistant PDC drill bit is provided, and the wear-resistant and erosion-resistant PDC drill bit of the present embodiment is designed based on the method, and includes: the bit comprises a bit body 2, a bit joint 1 and blades 4 which are respectively arranged at two ends of the bit body 2, wherein as shown in fig. 7, a plurality of tooth grooves 13 are arranged on the blades 4, and PDC cutting teeth 7 are arranged in each tooth groove 13; be equipped with a plurality of nozzle 5 on the drill bit body 2, it has the internal flow way to spray drilling fluid and each nozzle 5 intercommunication towards PDC cutting teeth 7 through each nozzle 5, and drill bit body 2 still is equipped with and is used for drilling fluid exhaust outer runner 3, and this PDC drill bit still includes: the armor layer 6 is arranged on the side part of the blade 4 and is positioned below the tooth groove 13 of the blade 4, and one side of the armor layer 6 is matched with each PDC cutting tooth 7; wherein, armor layer 6 includes a plurality of prefabricated section 12, each prefabricated section 12 welded connection is on the side of blade 4.
In order to meet the connection strength and the machinability of the wear-resistant and erosion-resistant precast block 12 and the drill bit body 2, as shown in fig. 7, a groove 11 is formed on the side of the blade 4, and each precast block 12 is welded in the groove 11. In practical application, the depth of the groove 11 is 0.5-1mm deeper than the thickness of the precast block 12, so that when the precast block 12 is welded in the groove 11, the bottom of the groove is not eroded.
In order to realize the universality of each prefabricated block 12, the shape and the size of each prefabricated block 12 are the same, the thickness of each prefabricated block 12 is 3-6 mm, and the width and the thickness of each prefabricated block 12 are determined according to the size of a drill bit in practical application. Meanwhile, as shown in fig. 7, the distances from the bottom sides of the grooves 11 to the two sides should be set to be equal (i.e., the lines of the grooves 11 are parallel to each other), thereby increasing the versatility of the prefabricated section 12. When the prefabricated section 12 is arranged at any position in the groove 11, the normal width of the groove 11 is 0.5-1mm wider than the thickness of the prefabricated section 12 so as to provide space for welding solder.
In order to provide better wear resistance and erosion resistance for the PDC drill bit, as shown in fig. 8, each precast block 12 is provided with an arc-shaped opening 8, and each arc-shaped opening 8 is correspondingly matched with each tooth socket 13 on the blade 4 one by one, so that the armor layer 6 can fully cover the easily-eroded and easily-abraded part below the tooth socket 13 of the PDC drill bit.
In order to ensure the connection strength between the prefabricated block 12 and the drill bit body 2, 0.5-1mm of welding space is reserved between the surfaces of the prefabricated block 12 and the groove 11 and between the adjacent two prefabricated blocks 12.
Based on the wear-resistant erosion-resistant PDC drill bit designed in the embodiment, the armor layer 6 of the PDC drill bit is composed of the high wear-resistant erosion-resistant precast blocks 12, each precast block 12 can be recycled for multiple use, and the armor layer 6 is thicker than the welding layer and can bear stronger hydraulic erosion; in practical application, the arrangement of the drill nozzle 5 can increase the scouring strength of the cutting teeth to accelerate the cooling of the cutting teeth, so that the cutting teeth can obtain better cutting performance, the probability of forming mud bags is reduced, and the discharge of rock debris is accelerated.
The invention is not limited to the above alternative embodiments, and any other various forms of products can be obtained by anyone in the light of the present invention, but any changes in shape or structure thereof, which fall within the scope of the present invention as defined in the claims, fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A design method of a wear-resistant erosion-resistant PDC drill bit is characterized by comprising the following steps:
a plurality of precast blocks matched with the tooth grooves of the PDC drill bit are welded below the tooth grooves of the PDC drill bit, a armor layer located below the tooth grooves is formed by the precast blocks, and the armor layer replaces a welding layer of the PDC drill bit.
2. The method of designing a wear and erosion resistant PDC bit of claim 1 further comprising: and grooves are formed below the tooth grooves of the PDC drill bit, and the precast blocks are connected into the grooves in a welding mode.
3. The method for designing the wear-resistant erosion-resistant PDC drill bit as claimed in claim 2, wherein the depth of the groove is 0.5-1mm deeper than the thickness of the precast block, and the thickness of the precast block is set to be 3-6 mm.
4. The method of designing a wear and erosion resistant PDC bit of claim 2 further comprising:
and connecting the PDC cutting teeth and the precast blocks into the grooves below the tooth grooves and the tooth grooves of the PDC drill bit through one-time welding.
5. The method for designing the wear-resistant erosion-resistant PDC drill bit as recited in claim 1, wherein each of the precast blocks is provided with an arc-shaped opening, and each arc-shaped opening is correspondingly matched with a tooth-shaped notch of the PDC drill bit.
6. The design method of the wear-resistant erosion-resistant PDC drill bit as claimed in claim 2, wherein a welding space of 0.5-1mm is reserved between the precast block and the surface of the groove and between two adjacent precast blocks.
7. The method for designing the wear-resistant erosion-resistant PDC drill bit of claim 1, wherein the processing technology of the precast block is as follows:
s1: making a mould according to design requirements;
s2: preparing a wear-resistant erosion-resistant material;
s3: putting the wear-resistant erosion-resistant material into a mold, and heating under 16-19 Mpa;
s4: when the temperature reaches 1000-1100 ℃, preserving the heat for 8-12 minutes under the pressure;
s5: stopping heating and cooling;
wherein, the cooling is carried out at the temperature of more than 600 ℃ by pressure maintaining, and the cooling is carried out to the room temperature at the temperature of less than 600 ℃ by natural cooling.
8. The method for designing the wear-resistant erosion-resistant PDC drill bit as recited in claim 7, wherein the wear-resistant erosion-resistant material comprises the following material components: 35-40% of-70- + 400-mesh tungsten carbide, 3-5% of manganese, 10-12% of nickel, 15-20% of hard alloy and 26-32% of copper alloy.
9. The method for designing the wear-resistant erosion-resistant PDC drill bit of claim 4, wherein the welding process for welding the PDC cutting teeth and the precast blocks at one time is as follows:
t1: cleaning tooth grooves and groove surfaces on the PCD drill bit by using absolute alcohol, and then blowing clean by using oxygen;
t2: putting the PDC cutting teeth into absolute alcohol to be soaked for more than 2 minutes, and then fishing out and airing for later use;
t3: coating a welding flux on a position needing to be welded on the PCD drill bit, and coating the welding flux on the PDC cutting teeth and each prefabricated block;
t4: heating the PCD drill bit, the PDC cutting teeth and the precast blocks to 500-600 ℃;
t5: putting the PDC cutting teeth and the precast blocks into corresponding tooth grooves on the PCD drill bit and grooves below the tooth grooves, and welding by using flame brazing, wherein the welding temperature is lower than 700 ℃;
t6: and coating flux on the welding position after the brazing is finished, and placing the welding position in a heat preservation box for natural cooling.
10. A wear and erosion resistant PDC bit manufactured by a method of designing a wear and erosion resistant PDC bit according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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| CN113279701B (en) | 2021-09-28 |
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