CN113278262A - Silver black double-color biodegradable agricultural film and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Silver black double-color biodegradable agricultural film and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113278262A
CN113278262A CN202110339346.4A CN202110339346A CN113278262A CN 113278262 A CN113278262 A CN 113278262A CN 202110339346 A CN202110339346 A CN 202110339346A CN 113278262 A CN113278262 A CN 113278262A
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agricultural film
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施晓旦
翟艳荣
金霞朝
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Shanghai Changfa New Materials Co Ltd
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18Manufacture of films or sheets
    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G13/00Protecting plants
    • A01G13/02Protective coverings for plants; Coverings for the ground; Devices for laying-out or removing coverings
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    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2367/00Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2367/02Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2467/00Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2467/04Polyesters derived from hydroxy carboxylic acids, e.g. lactones
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    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
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    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K3/00Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
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    • C08KUse of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K5/00Use of organic ingredients
    • C08K5/04Oxygen-containing compounds
    • C08K5/09Carboxylic acids; Metal salts thereof; Anhydrides thereof
    • C08K5/098Metal salts of carboxylic acids
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    • C08K5/00Use of organic ingredients
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    • C08K5/04Oxygen-containing compounds
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    • C08K5/134Phenols containing ester groups
    • C08K5/1345Carboxylic esters of phenolcarboxylic acids
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02ATECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02A40/00Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
    • Y02A40/10Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture
    • Y02A40/28Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in agriculture specially adapted for farming

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Abstract

The invention discloses a silver black double-color biodegradable agricultural film and a preparation method thereof, wherein the silver black double-color biodegradable agricultural film comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-70 parts of poly (butylene adipate terephthalate) (PBAT), 0-20 parts of polylactic acid (PLA), 10-50 parts of lignin, 0.5-5 parts of black master batch/0.5-5 parts of silver master batch and 0.5-10 parts of processing aid. The preparation method comprises the following steps: PBAT and PLA are uniformly mixed with lignin, color master batch and processing aid, and the mixture is extruded, granulated and blown into a film for forming. According to the invention, lignin is added into the biodegradable materials PBAT and PLA, so that the raw material cost of the biodegradable agricultural film is reduced. The prepared silver black double-color biodegradable agricultural film has good physical and mechanical properties, light shielding property and light reflection property. Compared with the common mulching film, the mulching film can inhibit the growth of weeds and regulate the ground temperature, can repel winged aphids, thrips and other pests, improves the photosynthesis of crops, and improves the quality of strawberries, tomatoes and the like.

Description

Silver black double-color biodegradable agricultural film and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of degradable composite materials, in particular to a silver-black double-color biodegradable agricultural film and a preparation method thereof.
Background
According to the statistics of the food and agriculture organization of the United nations, the average yield reduction of 10-15 percent is caused by the harm of weeds every year all over the world. Because the herbicide is used for a long time, in a large area and in an excessive amount and continuously, the drug resistance of weeds is generated, and the toxic and side effects of the residual herbicide are more prominent to hurt crops; the pollution of organic chlorine and organic phosphorus in soil and water causes fatal damage to microbial populations and crops in the soil, while the drug resistance of weeds is stronger and stronger, and the damage to the texture of the polluted soil of the environment is more and more serious.
The currently used multipurpose polymer PE for the agricultural mulching film can achieve a certain heat preservation and moisture preservation effects, but the mulching film is disposable, the degradation time is as long as two to three hundred years, the mulching film is easy to break after use, a large amount of sandy soil is mixed in the farmland, and the mulching film is difficult to recycle. They are difficult to degrade in nature. The fragments of the mulching film can form a negative interlayer in the soil, so that the flow of water, gas, fertilizer and the like in the soil is blocked, the soil structure is hardened, the ecological environment is seriously damaged, and white pollution is caused. The traditional petroleum-based mulching film which is cheap and has no environmental pollution and can be used for weeding and be degraded becomes a research hotspot. The high cost of degradable materials limits their reasonable commercial use.
The pulp and paper industry separates about 1.4 million tons of cellulose from plants every year, and obtains a large amount of lignin by-products, but until now, more than 95 percent of lignin is directly discharged into rivers or is burnt after being concentrated, and is rarely effectively utilized. Chinese patent CN102796357B discloses a preparation method of a completely biodegradable agricultural film, which is to add PLA and additives into a reaction tank for modification after mixing, wherein the additives comprise glycerol, PLA glycolic acid and liquorice; mixing the modified PLA and the filler uniformly, manufacturing completely biodegradable PLA polymer particles by a granulator, casting the PLA polymer particles into a film by using a casting film machine, and cutting the film according to the specification requirement by using a slitting machine to obtain the agricultural film with the required specification. The invention has higher cost of raw materials and processing, no weeding effect, and needs artificial weeding, thereby further increasing the cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a silver black double-color biodegradable agricultural film and a preparation method thereof, so as to solve the defects in the background art.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a silver black double-color biodegradable agricultural film comprises the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 30-70 parts of PBAT, 0-20 parts of PLA, 10-50 parts of lignin, 0.5-5 parts of color master batch and 0.5-5 parts of processing aid.
Preferably, the PBAT has a melt index of 1 to 50g/10 min.
Preferably, the melt index of the PLA is from 1 to 50g/10 min.
Preferably, the lignin is extracted from at least one of the rotten pulp, pulp residue, wood bark, pulping waste liquid extract and straw, and the particle size is 50-5000 meshes.
Preferably, the processing aids include plasticizers, light stabilizers, heat stabilizers, antioxidants.
Preferably, the plasticizer is epoxidized soybean oil, the light stabilizer is an ultraviolet light absorber UV-531, the heat stabilizer is calcium stearate, and the antioxidant is pentaerythritol tetrakis [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate (antioxidant 1010).
Preferably, the auxiliary agents comprise the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-10 parts of plasticizer, 0.1-10 parts of light stabilizer, 0.1-10 parts of heat stabilizer and 0.1-10 parts of antioxidant.
Preferably, the method comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing the PBAT, the PLA, the lignin, the color master and the processing aid to obtain a primary mixed material;
secondly, adding the primary mixed material into a bin of a double-screw extruder, and extruding and granulating to obtain master batches;
and step three, performing film blowing molding on the master batch to obtain the silver-black double-color biodegradable agricultural film.
Wherein: a silver black double-color biodegradable agricultural film comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0002998906820000021
as a preferred technical scheme, the silver black double-color biodegradable agricultural film comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0002998906820000031
as a more preferable technical scheme, the antibacterial full-biodegradation master batch special for garbage bags comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0002998906820000032
wherein the PBAT has a melt index of 1 to 50g/10min, preferably a melt index of 1 to 30g/10min, more preferably a melt index of 2 to 10g/10 min.
Wherein the melt index of the PLA is 1-50g/10min, preferably 1-30g/10min, and more preferably 2-15g/10 min.
Wherein the lignin is selected from at least one of the group consisting of sapropel, pulp residue, wood bark, pulp waste liquor extract, and siliceous white mud. The particle size is generally selected to be 50-5000 meshes, preferably 500-3000 meshes, and more preferably 1000-2000 meshes.
Wherein the auxiliary agent comprises a plasticizer, a light stabilizer, a heat stabilizer and an antioxidant.
The above-mentioned auxiliary agents can adopt the conventional substances in the field, and preferably, the plasticizer is epoxidized soybean oil, the light stabilizer is ultraviolet light absorbent UV-531, the heat stabilizer is calcium stearate, and the antioxidant is tetra [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid ] pentaerythritol ester (antioxidant 1010).
The auxiliary agents comprise the following components in parts by mass: 0.1-10 parts of plasticizer, 0.1-10 parts of light stabilizer, 0.1-10 parts of heat stabilizer and 0.1-10 parts of antioxidant; preferably 0.5 to 8 parts of plasticizer, 0.2 to 8 parts of light stabilizer, 0.2 to 8 parts of heat stabilizer and 0.2 to 8 parts of antioxidant, more preferably 0.5 to 6 parts of plasticizer, 0.2 to 5 parts of light stabilizer, 0.2 to 5 parts of heat stabilizer and 0.2 to 5 parts of antioxidant.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the silver-black double-color biodegradable agricultural film, which is formed by mixing PBAT, PLA, lignin, silver/black master batch and an auxiliary agent, extruding and granulating, and blowing the film for molding.
The method specifically comprises the following steps:
uniformly mixing the PBAT, the PLA, the lignin, the silver/black master batch and the auxiliary agent to obtain a primary mixed material;
and step two, adding the primary mixed material into a double-screw extruder bin, and extruding and granulating to obtain master batches.
And step three, performing film blowing molding on the master batch to obtain the silver-black double-color biodegradable agricultural film.
Wherein the mixing time in the first step is 5-600 min, preferably 30-350min, and more preferably 50-250 min; the mixing speed is 10-2000rpm, preferably 50-1200rpm, more preferably 100-800 rpm; the mixing temperature can be set to different temperatures according to requirements, and is generally 10-150 ℃, preferably 30-120 ℃, and more preferably 50-100 ℃.
Wherein, the extrusion conditions of the second step are that the temperature of the first zone to the sixth zone is 70-250 ℃, the temperature of a machine head is 70-250 ℃, and the rotating speed is 10-1200 rpm; preferably, the temperature from the first area to the sixth area is 100-; more preferably, the temperature of the first zone to the sixth zone is 110-.
Wherein the film blowing temperature in the third step is 100-240 ℃.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1) according to the invention, the lignin is added into the degradable material, so that the cost of the silver-black double-color biodegradable agricultural film is greatly reduced.
2) In nature, about 5000 million tons of lignin are obtained every year, but so far, more than 95 percent of lignin is directly discharged into rivers or is burnt after concentration, the lignin is rarely effectively utilized, and the environment can be well protected due to the reutilization of the lignin.
3) The silver-black double-color biodegradable agricultural film modified by lignin has low light transmittance and high light resistance, and further has weeding property, and blocks sunlight required by photosynthesis of weed growth, thereby achieving weeding effect.
4) The silvery surface can also repel winged aphids, thrips and other pests, improve crop photosynthesis, and improve the quality of strawberries, tomatoes and the like.
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. The experimental methods without specifying specific conditions in the following examples were selected according to the conventional methods and conditions, or according to the commercial instructions.
Example 1
A silver black double-color biodegradable agricultural film and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, wherein the composition and content are as follows according to parts by mass:
Figure BDA0002998906820000051
the above formula is reacted according to the following steps:
1. firstly, drying a certain amount of lignin, and then crushing to 1000-2000 meshes;
2. putting the lignin, the plasticizer epoxidized soybean oil, the light stabilizer UV-531, the heat stabilizer calcium stearate and the antioxidant 1010 together with PBAT, PLA and silver/black master batch into a high-speed blender, and mixing for 80min at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 200rpm to obtain a primary mixture;
3. placing the primary mixture in a double-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, wherein the temperature of a first zone to a sixth zone is 190 ℃, 195 ℃, 200 ℃, 205 ℃, 205 ℃, 205 ℃, the head temperature is 205 ℃, and the screw rotation speed is 200rpm, so as to prepare master batches;
4. the master batch is put into a film blowing machine, blow molding is carried out, the garbage bag is prepared by bag making, and performance detection is carried out, wherein the data is shown in table 1.
Example 2
A silver black double-color biodegradable agricultural film and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, wherein the composition and content are as follows according to parts by mass:
Figure BDA0002998906820000061
the above formula is reacted according to the following steps:
1. firstly, drying a certain amount of lignin, and then crushing to 1000-2000 meshes;
2. putting the lignin, the plasticizer epoxidized soybean oil, the light stabilizer UV-531, the heat stabilizer calcium stearate and the antioxidant 1010 together with PBAT, PLA and silver/black master batch into a high-speed blender, and mixing for 80min at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 200rpm to obtain a primary mixture;
3. placing the primary mixture in a double-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, wherein the temperature of a first zone to a sixth zone is 190 ℃, 195 ℃, 200 ℃, 205 ℃, 205 ℃, 205 ℃, the head temperature is 205 ℃, and the screw rotation speed is 200rpm, so as to prepare master batches;
4. the master batch is put into a film blowing machine, blow molding is carried out, the garbage bag is prepared by bag making, and performance detection is carried out, wherein the data is shown in table 1.
Example 3
A silver black double-color biodegradable agricultural film and a preparation method thereof are disclosed, wherein the composition and content are as follows according to parts by mass:
Figure BDA0002998906820000071
the above formula is reacted according to the following steps:
1. firstly, drying a certain amount of lignin, and then crushing to 1000-2000 meshes;
2. putting the lignin, the plasticizer epoxidized soybean oil, the light stabilizer UV-531, the heat stabilizer calcium stearate and the antioxidant 1010 together with PBAT, PLA and silver/black master batch into a high-speed blender, and mixing for 80min at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 200rpm to obtain a primary mixture;
3. placing the primary mixture in a double-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, wherein the temperature of a first zone to a sixth zone is 190 ℃, 195 ℃, 200 ℃, 205 ℃, 205 ℃, 205 ℃, the head temperature is 205 ℃, and the screw rotation speed is 200rpm, so as to prepare master batches;
4. the master batch is put into a film blowing machine, blow molding is carried out, the garbage bag is prepared by bag making, and performance detection is carried out, wherein the data is shown in table 1.
Comparative example
The common degradable agricultural film without added lignin comprises the following components in parts by weight:
Figure BDA0002998906820000072
Figure BDA0002998906820000081
the above formula is reacted according to the following steps:
1. placing the plasticizer epoxidized soybean oil, the light stabilizer phenyl salicylate, the heat stabilizer calcium stearate and the antioxidant p-phenylenediamine together with PBAT, PLA and starch in a high-speed blender, and mixing for 90min at the temperature of 80 ℃ and the rotating speed of 200rpm to obtain a primary mixture;
2. placing the primary mixture in a double-screw extruder for extrusion granulation, wherein the temperature of a first zone to a sixth zone is 190 ℃, 195 ℃, 200 ℃, 205 ℃, 205 ℃, 205 ℃, the head temperature is 205 ℃, and the screw rotation speed is 200rpm, so as to prepare master batches;
3. the master batch is put into a film blowing machine, blow molding is carried out, the garbage bag is prepared by bag making, and performance detection is carried out, wherein the data is shown in table 1.
Application examples
1. The performance of examples 1-3 and comparative examples was tested by a universal electronic tensile tester (model KY 8000C) according to the standard (GB/T1040.2-2006) and the yield of strawberries was counted. Specific data are shown in table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0002998906820000082
Figure BDA0002998906820000091
The results show that after the lignin is introduced, the influence on the tensile strength and the elongation of the silver black double-color biodegradable agricultural film is little, and the use requirement can be met.
2. The light transmittance of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples was measured according to the method of GB/T2410-2008 "determination of light transmittance and haze of transparent plastics", and the specific data are shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2
Light transmittance%
Example 1 9.5
Example 2 7.3
Example 3 6.2
Comparative example 64
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (8)

1. The silver-black double-color biodegradable agricultural film is characterized by comprising the following raw material components in percentage by mass: 30-70 parts of PBAT, 0-20 parts of PLA, 10-50 parts of lignin, 0.5-5 parts of color master batch and 0.5-5 parts of processing aid.
2. The silver black biodegradable agricultural film according to claim 1, wherein the PBAT has a melt index of 1-50g/10 min.
3. The silver black biodegradable agricultural film according to claim 1, wherein the melt index of the PLA is 1-50g/10 min.
4. The silver black double-color biodegradable agricultural film according to claim 1, wherein the lignin is extracted from at least one of slime, pulp residue, wood bark, pulp waste liquid extract and straw, and the particle size is 50-5000 meshes.
5. The biodegradable agricultural film of claim 1, wherein the processing aids include plasticizers, light stabilizers, heat stabilizers, and antioxidants.
6. The silver black double-colored biodegradable agricultural film of claim 1, wherein the plasticizer is epoxidized soybean oil, the light stabilizer is ultraviolet light absorber UV-531, the heat stabilizer is calcium stearate, and the antioxidant is pentaerythritol tetrakis [ beta- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ] (antioxidant 1010).
7. The silver black double-color biodegradable agricultural film according to claim 5, wherein the auxiliary agent comprises the following components in parts by weight: 0.5-10 parts of plasticizer, 0.1-10 parts of light stabilizer, 0.1-10 parts of heat stabilizer and 0.1-10 parts of antioxidant.
8. The preparation method of the silver black double-color biodegradable agricultural film according to any one of claims 1 to 7, which is characterized by comprising the following steps:
uniformly mixing the PBAT, the PLA, the lignin, the color master and the processing aid to obtain a primary mixed material;
secondly, adding the primary mixed material into a bin of a double-screw extruder, and extruding and granulating to obtain master batches;
and step three, performing film blowing molding on the master batch to obtain the silver-black double-color biodegradable agricultural film.
CN202110339346.4A 2021-03-30 2021-03-30 Silver black double-color biodegradable agricultural film and preparation method thereof Pending CN113278262A (en)

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CN109694556A (en) * 2018-12-20 2019-04-30 上海昶法新材料有限公司 A kind of biodegradable master batch for agricultural film of weeding and preparation method thereof
CN109694557A (en) * 2018-12-20 2019-04-30 上海昶法新材料有限公司 A kind of degradable cover film and preparation method thereof for refuse landfill
CN109762308A (en) * 2018-12-20 2019-05-17 上海昶法新材料有限公司 A kind of biodegradable agricultural film of weeding and preparation method thereof
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CN110452507A (en) * 2019-08-30 2019-11-15 中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所 A kind of high barrier high strength slim whole life cycle design and preparation method
CN112063125A (en) * 2020-09-11 2020-12-11 新疆蓝山屯河高端新材料工程技术研究中心(有限公司) Special material for preparing full-biodegradable mulching film, full-biodegradable mulching film prepared from special material and preparation method of mulching film

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN113861659A (en) * 2021-10-09 2021-12-31 南京五瑞生物降解新材料研究院有限公司 Bio-based degradable membrane and preparation process thereof
CN117534944A (en) * 2023-12-11 2024-02-09 中国农业科学院蔬菜花卉研究所 Biodegradable mulching film and preparation method and application thereof

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