CN113278259A - Preparation method of bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material - Google Patents

Preparation method of bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material Download PDF

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CN113278259A
CN113278259A CN202110526733.9A CN202110526733A CN113278259A CN 113278259 A CN113278259 A CN 113278259A CN 202110526733 A CN202110526733 A CN 202110526733A CN 113278259 A CN113278259 A CN 113278259A
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epoxy resin
composite material
carbon fiber
fiber reinforced
bionic
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CN113278259B (en
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梁云虹
庹智伟
赵骞
林兆华
韩志武
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Jilin University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00—Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/04—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material
    • C08J5/06—Reinforcing macromolecular compounds with loose or coherent fibrous material using pretreated fibrous materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y70/00—Materials specially adapted for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y70/10—Composites of different types of material, e.g. mixtures of ceramics and polymers or mixtures of metals and biomaterials
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08J—WORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2363/00—Characterised by the use of epoxy resins; Derivatives of epoxy resins
    • C08J2363/02—Polyglycidyl ethers of bis-phenols
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K7/00—Use of ingredients characterised by shape
    • C08K7/02—Fibres or whiskers
    • C08K7/04—Fibres or whiskers inorganic
    • C08K7/06—Elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
    • C08K9/00—Use of pretreated ingredients
    • C08K9/02—Ingredients treated with inorganic substances

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method of a bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material, which comprises the steps of preparing chopped carbon fibers with good surface wettability by taking a carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material with good mechanical property as a material base through liquid-phase oxidation, preparing the bionic composite material with higher tensile strength and impact toughness than a conventional carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material through a layer-by-layer blade coating method and combining with a corresponding bionic structure design, realizing the high mechanical property of the composite material, and further improving the tensile strength and the impact toughness of the bionic composite material compared with a pure epoxy resin matrix and the carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material with the same content; the bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material prepared by the invention has the advantages of high mechanical property and simple and efficient manufacturing, and provides an effective new thought for designing and preparing the high-performance fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material.

Description

Preparation method of bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering materials, in particular to a preparation method of a bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material.
Background
Compared with common materials such as aluminum alloy, steel and the like, the carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material has more effective and excellent mechanical strength and application field. Fiber reinforced resin composites are widely used in the aerospace, automotive, construction and sports equipment fields due to their advantages of ease of manufacture, low cost and high mechanical strength. Short carbon fiber reinforced composites are considered important candidates in the automotive, aerospace and construction industries due to their lower cost and isotropic mechanical properties. Among various thermosetting resins, epoxy resins are widely used in industrial fields because of their excellent properties including high tensile strength, excellent chemical resistance, easy availability, low cost and light weight.
In actual preparation and application, the carbon fiber surface with high material preparation cost and smoothness causes poor wettability with a resin matrix, and the mechanical strength of the composite material is limited by the arrangement problem of the carbon fibers in the resin matrix. To solve these problems, researchers at home and abroad have conducted a lot of research, mainly focusing on: (1) improving the wettability of the carbon fiber, and heat treatment, liquid phase oxidation or electrochemical oxidation, plasma treatment, gas phase oxidation and high energy radiation technologies are used for treating the surface of the carbon fiber; (2) changing the orientation of fibers in the epoxy resin, and realizing the change of material performance by utilizing the arrangement direction of the fibers; (3) the epoxy resin matrix is modified to achieve the purpose of improving the material performance.
Although the research has achieved certain effects, the following disadvantages still exist:
(1) the operation of treating the surface of the carbon fiber by using the heat treatment, the electrochemical oxidation, the plasma treatment, the gas phase oxidation and the high-energy radiation technology is complex, the cost is high and the efficiency is low;
(2) although the carbon fiber arrangement structure can realize the change of the mechanical property of the composite material, the existing arrangement structure is single and cannot provide multiple schemes;
(3) modification of the epoxy resin matrix can improve mechanical properties and simultaneously reduce other material properties such as heat resistance and the like.
Therefore, how to prepare the carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material with high mechanical property, simple preparation and high efficiency needs to be further researched.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a preparation method of a bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material, which is based on a carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material with certain mechanical property strength, prepares chopped carbon fibers with good surface wettability through liquid phase oxidation, and combines corresponding bionic structure design through 'shear induction' and 'layer-by-layer superposition' of the chopped carbon fibers.
The invention provides a preparation method of a bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material, which comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparation of surface-wetting chopped carbon fiber
A. Composition of the starting material:
H2SO4and HNO3And (3): 1(v/v) as a liquid-phase oxidation solution, and short-cut carbon fibers as a treatment object;
the mass of the carbon fiber is 2 g;
the volume of the liquid-phase oxidation solution is 70 ml;
B. preparing materials:
a) weighing the raw materials according to the mixture ratio in the step A;
b) at room temperature, firstly adding the chopped carbon fibers into a liquid-phase oxidation solution to form a mixture G;
c) then placing the mixture G into an ultrasonic cleaner, and ultrasonically dispersing for 4 hours at room temperature;
d) after uniform dispersion, placing the mixture G in a high-speed centrifuge of 6000rpm for centrifugation for 5 min;
e) finally rinsing the carbon fibers and filtering until the pH value is 7;
step two: preparation of bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material with eagle feather structure
A. Composition of the starting material:
the short carbon fibers with surface wettability prepared in the step one, epoxy resin E-44 serving as a resin matrix, 650 polyamide resin serving as a curing agent, and a 3D printing PLA mould and a glass slide manufactured by self-manufacture;
the mass of the chopped carbon fiber is 0.08 g;
the mass of the resin matrix is 25 g;
the mass of the curing agent is 15 g;
the purity of the carbon fiber is 95 percent, and the diameter is 7 mu m-2 mm;
B. preparing materials:
a) the epoxy resin and curing agent were first mixed in a ratio of 5: 3(m/m) and stirring in a digital display magnetic stirring oil bath for 10min at 60 ℃ to form a mixture H;
b) adding the chopped carbon fibers with surface wettability prepared in the step one into the mixture H, stirring for 15min, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic cleaner for 10 min;
c) finally, pouring the epoxy resin with the carbon fibers into a self-made 3D printing PLA die and using glass slide shearing induction to realize the directional arrangement of the carbon fibers in a resin matrix;
d) each group of samples was stacked with four home-made 3D printed PLA molds to achieve vertical arrangement and eagle feather structural arrangement (the included angle between two adjacent layers of carbon fibers was 66 °), and cured at 75 ℃ for 2 h.
In the technical scheme, the preparation method of the bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention takes chopped carbon fiber with enhanced surface wettability as a reinforcing phase, epoxy resin E-44 as a matrix material, 650 polyamide resin as a curing agent, and H2SO4And HNO3Is carbon fiber liquid phase oxidation solution; the bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material with the eagle feather structure is prepared by a layer-by-layer blade coating method. Layering of this type of biomimetic composite designThe form and the 66-degree included angle between adjacent carbon fiber layers change the fiber arrangement mode of the traditional fiber reinforced resin composite material, and the fiber reinforced resin composite material has the characteristics of simple and efficient preparation and high mechanical property;
2. the method realizes the controllable arrangement of the chopped carbon fibers in the resin matrix by the 'shear induction' and 'layer-by-layer superposition' methods; the design of fiber arrangement inside the fiber reinforced resin composite material is realized by utilizing the principle that the uncured resin has certain viscosity and the fiber direction is guided by the shearing force; the bionic design is converted into bionic preparation. The shear induction process is simple and efficient, the composite material after each layer of shear induction is superposed and solidified, and each layer of resin is firmly combined;
3. by combining with the bionic structure design, the bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material with the eagle feather structure realizes higher mechanical property than the conventional carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material, can truly approach to the physiological structure of organisms in the nature, and realizes real bionic effect; the bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material prepared by the invention has wide application range, high mechanical property and simple and efficient preparation method, so that the bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material has an opportunity to be applied to industrial production.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present application or technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments described in the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art according to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a physical structure of a method for preparing a biomimetic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material provided by the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a design diagram of a bionic structure of a preparation method of a bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic process diagram of a "shear induction" and "layer-by-layer stacking" method in the preparation method of the bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a super depth of field map of two adjacent layers of surfaces of a biomimetic composite material in a preparation method of the biomimetic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material provided by the invention;
fig. 5 is a comparison graph of tensile strength and impact toughness of the bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material with the eagle feather structure and a conventional carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material in the preparation method of the bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical solutions of the present invention better understood, those skilled in the art will now describe the present invention in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 to 5;
the preparation method of the bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material comprises the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparation of surface-wetting chopped carbon fiber
A. Composition of the starting material:
H2SO4and HNO3And (3): 1(v/v) as a liquid-phase oxidation solution, and short-cut carbon fibers as a treatment object;
the mass of the carbon fiber is 2 g;
the volume of the liquid-phase oxidation solution is 70 ml;
B. preparing materials:
a) weighing the raw materials according to the mixture ratio in the step A;
b) at room temperature, firstly adding the chopped carbon fibers into a liquid-phase oxidation solution to form a mixture G;
c) then placing the mixture G into an ultrasonic cleaner, and ultrasonically dispersing for 4 hours at room temperature;
d) after uniform dispersion, placing the mixture G in a high-speed centrifuge of 6000rpm for centrifugation for 5 min;
e) finally rinsing the carbon fibers and filtering until the pH value is 7;
step two: preparation of bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material with eagle feather structure
A. Composition of the starting material:
the short carbon fibers with surface wettability prepared in the step one, epoxy resin E-44 serving as a resin matrix, 650 polyamide resin serving as a curing agent, and a 3D printing PLA mould and a glass slide manufactured by self-manufacture;
the mass of the chopped carbon fiber is 0.08 g;
the mass of the resin matrix is 25 g;
the mass of the curing agent is 15 g;
the purity of the carbon fiber is 95 percent, and the diameter is 7 mu m-2 mm;
B. preparing materials:
a) the epoxy resin and curing agent were first mixed in a ratio of 5: 3(m/m) and stirring in a digital display magnetic stirring oil bath for 10min at 60 ℃ to form a mixture H;
b) adding the chopped carbon fibers with surface wettability prepared in the step one into the mixture H, stirring for 15min, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic cleaner for 10 min;
c) finally, pouring the epoxy resin with the carbon fibers into a self-made 3D printing PLA die and using glass slide shearing induction to realize the directional arrangement of the carbon fibers in a resin matrix;
d) each group of samples was stacked with four home-made 3D printed PLA molds to achieve vertical arrangement and eagle feather structural arrangement (the included angle between two adjacent layers of carbon fibers was 66 °), and cured at 75 ℃ for 2 h.
Example 1:
bionic structure model determined by observing eagle feather
Selecting eagle feathers as an observation object; the included angle between the feather shaft and the feather branches is 33 degrees, the cross structure of the feather branches is the key for improving the mechanical property of the feathers, the feather branches are aligned along the axial stress direction when bearing load to form a fiber cross structure, and the feather branches with certain angles can provide extra resistance to resist the load so as to enhance the mechanical property; therefore, the included angle between the feather axis and the feather branch of the eagle feather is regarded as an important design parameter of the bionic structure model; considering the preparation process, the bionic sample adopts a multilayer structure design, and the angle between two adjacent layers is the same as the angle in the eagle feather structure, so that the bionic structure model is determined.
Example 2:
preparing the bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material by a shearing induction method and a layer-by-layer superposition method (refer to the first step and the second step)
Selecting short carbon fibers with good surface wettability, epoxy resin E-44 and 650 polyamide resin curing agents, and self-making a 3D printing PLA mould and a glass slide; the mass of the chopped carbon fiber is 0.08 g; the mass of the resin matrix is 25 g; the mass of the curing agent is 15 g; mixing an epoxy resin and a curing agent in a ratio of 5: 3(m/m) and stirring in a digital display magnetic stirring oil bath at 60 ℃ for 10 min; adding the chopped carbon fibers with good surface wettability prepared in the step one into the mixture, stirring for 15min, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic cleaner for 10min to eliminate bubbles; finally, pouring the epoxy resin with the carbon fibers into a PLA (polylactic acid) die manufactured in a laboratory, and using glass slide shearing induction to realize the directional arrangement of the carbon fibers in a resin matrix; each sample is formed by overlapping four dies to realize vertical arrangement and eagle feather structural arrangement (the included angle of two adjacent layers of carbon fibers is 66 degrees), and is cured for 2 hours at the temperature of 75 ℃; therefore, the bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material with the eagle feather structure is successfully prepared by a shearing induction method and a layer-by-layer superposition method.
Example 3:
observing the surfaces of different layers of the bionic composite material through a super-depth-of-field microscope
Polishing a sample to obtain a smooth surface, then placing the sample in alcohol for ultrasonic cleaning for 10min, and drying to obtain a clean surface;
the directional arrangement of the carbon fibers in the resin matrix is observed under a microscope with super depth of field;
the angle between two adjacent layers of the carbon fiber is about 66 degrees, which is similar to the angle between the feather axis and the feather branches at two sides of the eagle feather, so that the bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material with the eagle feather structure is successfully prepared, and the feasibility of the preparation method is verified.
Example 4:
tensile strength and impact toughness of bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material with eagle feather structure are compared with those of conventional carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material
The tensile strength test specimens were 75mm × 10mm × 2mm (length × width × height) in size, and the tensile speed of the tensile strength test was 50mm/min, for a total of 7 sets of parallel experiments.
The impact toughness is tested by adopting the standard in GB/T2567-2008, and 10 groups of parallel experiments are carried out in total;
the tensile strength value of the bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material with the eagle feather structure is 38.920MPa, which is about 1.29 times that of the conventional carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material (30.143 MPa); the impact toughness value of the bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material with the eagle feather structure is 190.573kJ/m2, which is about 1.038 times that of the conventional carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material (183.660kJ/m 2); the tensile strength and impact toughness of the bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material with the eagle feather structure are superior to those of the conventional carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material, and the eagle feather structure fiber arrangement is proved to be capable of further improving the mechanical property of the carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material.
The bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material with the eagle feather structure is prepared from the material synthesis and structure aspects through a layer-by-layer blade coating method, the epoxy resin E-44 with lower cost is adopted, the traditional fiber arrangement mode is broken through, the shearing induction and layer-by-layer superposition modes are innovatively adopted, the simplicity and the high efficiency of the preparation process are realized, the high mechanical property of the carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material is realized by combining the corresponding bionic structure design, and the preparation method provides an effective new thought and a new method for improving the mechanical property and the preparation efficiency of the fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material.
While certain exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described above by way of illustration only, it will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art that the described embodiments may be modified in various different ways without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Accordingly, the drawings and description are illustrative in nature and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.

Claims (1)

1. A preparation method of a bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material is characterized by comprising the following preparation steps:
the method comprises the following steps: preparation of surface-wetting chopped carbon fiber
A. Composition of the starting material:
H2SO4and HNO3And (3): 1(v/v) as a liquid-phase oxidation solution, and short-cut carbon fibers as a treatment object;
the mass of the carbon fiber is 2 g;
the volume of the liquid-phase oxidation solution is 70 ml;
B. preparing materials:
a) weighing the raw materials according to the mixture ratio in the step A;
b) at room temperature, firstly adding the chopped carbon fibers into a liquid-phase oxidation solution to form a mixture G;
c) then placing the mixture G into an ultrasonic cleaner, and ultrasonically dispersing for 4 hours at room temperature;
d) after uniform dispersion, placing the mixture G in a high-speed centrifuge of 6000rpm for centrifugation for 5 min;
e) finally rinsing the carbon fibers and filtering until the pH value is 7;
step two: preparation of bionic carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin composite material with eagle feather structure
A. Composition of the starting material:
the short carbon fibers with surface wettability prepared in the step one, epoxy resin E-44 serving as a resin matrix, 650 polyamide resin serving as a curing agent, and a 3D printing PLA mould and a glass slide manufactured by self-manufacture;
the mass of the chopped carbon fiber is 0.08 g;
the mass of the resin matrix is 25 g;
the mass of the curing agent is 15 g;
the purity of the carbon fiber is 95 percent, and the diameter is 7 mu m-2 mm;
B. preparing materials:
a) the epoxy resin and curing agent were first mixed in a ratio of 5: 3(m/m) and stirring in a digital display magnetic stirring oil bath for 10min at 60 ℃ to form a mixture H;
b) adding the chopped carbon fibers with surface wettability prepared in the step one into the mixture H, stirring for 15min, and carrying out ultrasonic treatment in an ultrasonic cleaner for 10 min;
c) finally, pouring the epoxy resin with the carbon fibers into a self-made 3D printing PLA die and using glass slide shearing induction to realize the directional arrangement of the carbon fibers in a resin matrix;
d) each group of samples was stacked with four home-made 3D printed PLA molds to achieve vertical arrangement and eagle feather structural arrangement (the included angle between two adjacent layers of carbon fibers was 66 °), and cured at 75 ℃ for 2 h.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113858720A (en) * 2021-09-30 2021-12-31 深圳雷木新材料科技有限公司 Carbon fiber composite board and preparation method thereof
CN115558241A (en) * 2022-10-17 2023-01-03 厦门大学 High-thermal-conductivity carbon fiber fabric composite material and preparation method thereof

Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109468550A (en) * 2019-01-08 2019-03-15 吉林大学 A kind of preparation method of 3D printing carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109468550A (en) * 2019-01-08 2019-03-15 吉林大学 A kind of preparation method of 3D printing carbon fiber reinforced aluminum matrix composite

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Title
YUEKE MINGA ET AL.: "《Investigation on process parameters of 3D printed continuous carbon fiberreinforced thermosetting epoxy composites》", 《ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING》 *
李欣: "《热固性环氧树脂基改性复合材料制备与3D打印研究》", 《中国博士学位论文全文数据库 工程科技Ⅰ辑》 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113858720A (en) * 2021-09-30 2021-12-31 深圳雷木新材料科技有限公司 Carbon fiber composite board and preparation method thereof
CN113858720B (en) * 2021-09-30 2023-10-03 深圳雷木新材料科技有限公司 Carbon fiber composite board and preparation method thereof
CN115558241A (en) * 2022-10-17 2023-01-03 厦门大学 High-thermal-conductivity carbon fiber fabric composite material and preparation method thereof

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