CN113277922A - Method for producing hydrocarbons from alcohols - Google Patents
Method for producing hydrocarbons from alcohols Download PDFInfo
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- CN113277922A CN113277922A CN202110629164.0A CN202110629164A CN113277922A CN 113277922 A CN113277922 A CN 113277922A CN 202110629164 A CN202110629164 A CN 202110629164A CN 113277922 A CN113277922 A CN 113277922A
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- tungsten oxide
- illumination
- alcohol
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- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 12
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 title description 6
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 title description 4
- QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N nonaoxidotritungsten Chemical compound O=[W]1(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O[W](=O)(=O)O1 QGLKJKCYBOYXKC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 82
- 229910001930 tungsten oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 75
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- -1 alcohol compound Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 150000001335 aliphatic alkanes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 150000001336 alkenes Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052724 xenon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N xenon atom Chemical compound [Xe] FHNFHKCVQCLJFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Benzyl alcohol Chemical compound OCC1=CC=CC=C1 WVDDGKGOMKODPV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N mercury Chemical compound [Hg] QSHDDOUJBYECFT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052753 mercury Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten Chemical compound [W] WFKWXMTUELFFGS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 229910052721 tungsten Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000010937 tungsten Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical compound C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethene Chemical compound C=C VGGSQFUCUMXWEO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 24
- 239000005977 Ethylene Substances 0.000 description 24
- 230000001699 photocatalysis Effects 0.000 description 15
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methanol Chemical compound OC OKKJLVBELUTLKV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 238000007146 photocatalysis Methods 0.000 description 11
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 9
- BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N propan-1-ol Chemical compound CCCO BDERNNFJNOPAEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 7
- WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-phenylethanol Chemical compound OCCC1=CC=CC=C1 WRMNZCZEMHIOCP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000007795 chemical reaction product Substances 0.000 description 6
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004817 gas chromatography Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003208 petroleum Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000013032 photocatalytic reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethane Chemical group CC OTMSDBZUPAUEDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N propylene Natural products CC=C QQONPFPTGQHPMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000004805 propylene group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])C([H])([*:1])C([H])([H])[*:2] 0.000 description 3
- 239000010453 quartz Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000376 reactant Substances 0.000 description 3
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000005587 bubbling Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003153 chemical reaction reagent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N olefin Natural products CCCCCCCC=C JRZJOMJEPLMPRA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Styrene Natural products C=CC1=CC=CC=C1 PPBRXRYQALVLMV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920002522 Wood fibre Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium oxide Inorganic materials [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003197 catalytic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004587 chromatography analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052593 corundum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002135 nanosheet Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002077 nanosphere Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002070 nanowire Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229940067107 phenylethyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229920001343 polytetrafluoroethylene Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004810 polytetrafluoroethylene Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011973 solid acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000003011 styrenyl group Chemical group [H]\C(*)=C(/[H])C1=C([H])C([H])=C([H])C([H])=C1[H] 0.000 description 1
- YOUIDGQAIILFBW-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrachlorotungsten Chemical compound Cl[W](Cl)(Cl)Cl YOUIDGQAIILFBW-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N tin dioxide Chemical compound O=[Sn]=O XOLBLPGZBRYERU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910001887 tin oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002025 wood fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001845 yogo sapphire Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/20—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as heteroatoms
- C07C1/24—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as heteroatoms by elimination of water
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J23/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00
- B01J23/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group B01J21/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- B01J23/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- B01J23/30—Tungsten
-
- B01J35/23—
-
- B01J35/39—
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J37/00—Processes, in general, for preparing catalysts; Processes, in general, for activation of catalysts
- B01J37/08—Heat treatment
- B01J37/10—Heat treatment in the presence of water, e.g. steam
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C1/00—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon
- C07C1/20—Preparation of hydrocarbons from one or more compounds, none of them being a hydrocarbon starting from organic compounds containing only oxygen atoms as heteroatoms
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C07—ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
- C07C—ACYCLIC OR CARBOCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
- C07C2523/00—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00
- C07C2523/16—Catalysts comprising metals or metal oxides or hydroxides, not provided for in group C07C2521/00 of arsenic, antimony, bismuth, vanadium, niobium, tantalum, polonium, chromium, molybdenum, tungsten, manganese, technetium or rhenium
- C07C2523/24—Chromium, molybdenum or tungsten
- C07C2523/30—Tungsten
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P30/00—Technologies relating to oil refining and petrochemical industry
- Y02P30/40—Ethylene production
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Low-Molecular-Weight Compounds And Preparation Thereof (AREA)
- Catalysts (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for preparing hydrocarbon compounds by using alcohol, which comprises the following steps: under the illumination and the preset reaction temperature, the alcohol compound is used as a reaction substrate, and the tungsten oxide is used as a catalyst to prepare the alkene and/or the alkane.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis, and particularly relates to a method for preparing hydrocarbon compounds by using alcohol
Background
Olefin alkane is an important chemical synthesis raw material grade energy substance, ethylene is one of the chemical products with the largest world yield, and is an important raw material for chemical synthesis, wherein ethylene related products account for more than 75% of the petrochemical product yield, short-chain hydrocarbon prepared in modern industry is mainly cracked by petroleum, and the production process needs larger energy consumption. Limited by the limitation of petroleum resource reserves, the preparation of training alkanes and alkenes by petroleum cannot be sustainably developed for a long time.
In recent years, as the efficiency of biomass utilization has been gradually improved, the use of biomass materials has become more widespread. Among biomass materials, the highest yield and the most widely used are bio-alcohols, and thanks to technical progress and cost reduction, bio-ethanol gasoline has been commercialized in many countries, and has entered daily life. With the innovation of the technology of bioethanol converted by wood fiber, the cost of bioethanol is further reduced, and the method is more sustainable. The catalytic conversion of the biological alcohol such as the biological ethanol into the hydrocarbons such as the ethylene and the like is beneficial to relieving the dependence of the chemical industry on the petroleum and opens a way for the chemical synthesis in the later petroleum era. Solid acid catalysts have been extensively studied in alcohol conversion, such as ASM-5 and Al2O3However, the conversion temperature is about 400 ℃, and the energy consumption in the conversion process is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a method for preparing hydrocarbon compounds using alcohol, which is intended to solve the above technical problems at least partially.
As one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for preparing a hydrocarbon compound using an alcohol, comprising: under the illumination and the preset reaction temperature, the alcohol compound is used as a reaction substrate, and the tungsten oxide is used as a catalyst to prepare the alkene and/or the alkane.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the alcohol compound comprises one or more of aliphatic alcohol and aromatic alcohol.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the illumination comprises one or more of full spectrum illumination, ultraviolet illumination, visible light illumination, and near infrared illumination.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the light source for illumination comprises one or more of a xenon lamp, a light emitting diode, a tungsten lamp, a mercury lamp and a sunlight source.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the illumination intensity of ultraviolet light irradiation, the illumination intensity of visible light irradiation and the illumination intensity of near-infrared light irradiation all comprise 0.01-5W/cm-2。
According to the embodiment of the invention, the preset reaction temperature is 25-35 ℃.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the tungsten oxide includes one or more of yellow tungsten oxide, blue tungsten oxide, purple tungsten oxide, and tan tungsten oxide.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the yellow tungsten oxide includes WO3(ii) a Blue tungsten oxide includes WO2.9(ii) a The purple tungsten oxide comprises W18O49、WO2.72One or more of; the brown tungsten oxide includes WO2。
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the tungsten oxide includes one or more of nanowire-shaped tungsten oxide, nanosheet-shaped tungsten oxide, nanosphere-shaped tungsten oxide, nanoparticulate tungsten oxide, and nanobubstite-shaped tungsten oxide.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the tungsten oxide is used as the catalyst, the tungsten oxide is loaded on the carrier to be used as the catalyst, and the dosage of the tungsten oxide loaded on the carrier comprises 0.5-2 mg/cm2。
The method for preparing the hydrocarbon compound by using the alcohol takes the tungsten oxide as the catalyst, carries out the elimination reaction of the alcohol by photocatalysis, has mild reaction conditions, low energy consumption and high product selectivity, realizes green organic conversion synthesis, has good application prospect, and provides a new way for high-value utilization and conversion of the biological alcohol.
Drawings
Fig. 1 schematically shows a schematic diagram of the principle of photocatalytic alcohol production of hydrocarbons.
FIG. 2 is a graph schematically showing ethylene production per unit mass of catalyst as a function of time for 8 repeated uses of purple tungsten oxide;
FIG. 3 is a graph schematically showing the ethylene production per mass of catalyst in a batch reactor as a function of time for purple tungsten oxide as the catalyst;
FIG. 4 is a graph schematically showing a comparison of the respective reaction rates in example 6;
FIG. 5 is a graph schematically illustrating the rate of photocatalytic ethanol reaction under different light sources in example 7 compared to the rate of heat-source driven ethanol reaction in example 8.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent, the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings in conjunction with the following specific embodiments.
In the prior art, the reaction for preparing hydrocarbon compounds from alcohol compounds generally adopts a thermal driving mode, requires higher temperature to activate the catalyst, has high energy consumption and can discharge CO2. The invention adopts a photocatalysis mode to complete the reaction of preparing hydrocarbon compounds from alcohol compounds at a lower temperature so as to at least partially solve the problems in the prior art.
As one aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides a method for preparing a hydrocarbon compound using an alcohol, comprising: under the illumination and the preset reaction temperature, the alcohol compound is used as a reaction substrate, and the tungsten oxide is used as a catalyst to prepare the alkene and/or the alkane.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the principle of photocatalytic alcohol production of hydrocarbons. Under the excitation of full spectrum light, electrons in a valence band jump into a conduction band to form photo-generated electrons and holes, and electrons at an oxygen vacancy level are also excited and then injected into the conduction band. Under the activation of photogenerated electrons, the ethanol is activated by hydroxyl on the surface of the catalyst and is gradually converted into ethylene.
In the embodiment of the invention, tungsten oxide is used as a catalyst, alcohol elimination reaction is carried out by photocatalysis, the reaction condition is mild, the energy consumption is low, the product selectivity is high, and green organic conversion synthesis is realized.
The process may be carried out in a continuous reactor, a batch reactor, or a semi-batch reactor, according to embodiments of the invention.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the alcohol compound comprises one or more of aliphatic alcohol and aromatic alcohol.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the alcohol compound includes, but is not limited to, methanol, absolute ethanol, industrial ethanol, n-propanol, ethylene glycol, glycerol, phenethyl alcohol or other alcohol-containing industrial products. In the embodiment of the invention, the purity of the alcohol reagent is not limited, and the bio-alcohol reagent with the purity lower than 0.1% can also be used for preparing hydrocarbon compounds.
According to an embodiment of the invention, the illumination comprises one or more of full spectrum illumination, ultraviolet illumination, visible light illumination, and near infrared illumination.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the light source for illumination comprises one or more of a xenon lamp, a light emitting diode, a tungsten lamp, a mercury lamp and a sunlight source.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the light source includes, but is not limited to, a xenon lamp, a light emitting diode, a tungsten lamp, a mercury lamp, and a sunlight light source, and any light source capable of providing ultraviolet light, visible light, and near infrared light may be used.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the illumination intensity of ultraviolet light irradiation, the illumination intensity of visible light irradiation and the illumination intensity of near-infrared light irradiation all comprise 0.01-5W/cm-2E.g. 0.01W/cm-2、0.5W/cm-2、1W/cm-2、2W/cm-2、3W/cm-2、4W/cm-2、5W/cm-2。
According to the embodiment of the invention, the preset reaction temperature comprises 25-35 ℃, for example: 25 ℃, 28 ℃, 30 ℃, 33 ℃ and 35 ℃.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the tungsten oxide includes one or more of yellow tungsten oxide, blue tungsten oxide, purple tungsten oxide, and tan tungsten oxide.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the yellow tungsten oxide includes WO3(ii) a Blue tungsten oxide includes WO2.9(ii) a The purple tungsten oxide comprises W18O49、WO2.72One or more of; the brown tungsten oxide includes WO2。
In embodiments of the present invention, blue tungsten oxide includes, but is not limited to, WO2.9Also, WO may be used2.72、W20O58。
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the tungsten oxide includes one or more of nanowire-shaped tungsten oxide, nanosheet-shaped tungsten oxide, nanosphere-shaped tungsten oxide, nanoparticulate tungsten oxide, and nanobubstite-shaped tungsten oxide.
In the embodiment of the present invention, the morphology of the tungsten oxide includes, but is not limited to, nanowire, nanosheet, nanosphere, nanoparticle, and nano-bulk. The selection and adjustment can be made by those skilled in the art according to the actual application, the product requirements and the specific application conditions.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the tungsten oxide is used as the catalyst, the tungsten oxide is loaded on the carrier to be used as the catalyst, and the dosage of the tungsten oxide loaded on the carrier comprises 0.5-2 mg/cm2For example: 0.5mg/cm2、1mg/cm2、1.5mg/cm2、2mg/cm2。
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. In the following examples, the reactions for preparing the hydrocarbon compound by alcohol compound photocatalysis are all carried out at room temperature, and the room temperature in the examples of the invention is 25-35 ℃.
Example 1
Dissolving 50mg of tungsten chloride in 34mL of ethanol, stirring for 30 minutes, transferring to a reaction kettle with a 50mL polytetrafluoroethylene lining, putting into an oven, preserving heat for 12 hours, naturally cooling, washing with ethanol for several times, transferring to a vacuum drying oven, and drying to obtain the nano linear purple tungsten oxide (WO)2.72)。
Example 2
5mg of the purple tungsten oxide prepared in example 1 was dispersed and supported on a 1.5 cm. times.3 cm glass plate, and FTO (fluorine-doped SnO) loaded with the purple tungsten oxide was formed2Conductive glass) is placed in a quartz reactor, ethanol is added into a bubbling bottle, and the mixture is stirredThe air inlet of the reactor is connected with the air outlet end of a bubble bottle filled with ethanol, the air outlet of the reactor is connected with a gas collecting bag, and an argon steel bottle is connected with the air inlet end of the bubble bottle after passing through a pressure reducing valve or a flowmeter (the flow is controlled to be 4.15 mL/min). Using a xenon lamp as a light source, 1.6W/cm-2The illumination intensity of (a) is used for illumination. During or after the reaction, gas in the gas collecting bag is extracted by a syringe, component and content analysis is carried out by Gas Chromatography (GC), and the mass of the ethanol entering the reactor is obtained by making a difference between the balance weighing before and after the reaction.
In the embodiment, the ethanol is continuously added into the reactor in a bubbling mode of argon in the ethanol, the ethanol is actually heated to form steam, and the ethanol steam is directly passed through the gas flowmeter and then continuously added into the reactor to achieve a similar effect.
Fig. 2 schematically shows a graph of ethylene production per unit mass of catalyst as a function of time for 8 repeated uses of purple tungsten oxide. As shown in FIG. 2, the reaction rate 1 hour before the fourth reaction was as high as 0.218mol g-1·h-1The yield is up to 100 percent, even if the reaction is used for 8 times, the reaction rate can still reach 0.15mol g-1·h-1The catalyst is stable and efficient.
Example 3
The catalyst in example 2 was replaced with yellow tungsten oxide (WO)3) Other specific operation procedures were the same as in example 2. In this reaction, the rate of formation of ethylene reached 35.4 mmol. multidot.g-1·h-1。
Example 4
2mL of ethanol was added to the bottom of the batch quartz reactor, and 5mg of the purple tungsten oxide prepared in example 1 (WO)2.72) The mixture was dispersed and supported on FTO glass pieces of 1.5cm × 3cm, and violet tungsten oxide (WO) was supported thereon2.72) The FTO (fluorine-doped tin oxide) is placed in a batch quartz reactor and fixed above the liquid level of ethanol so as not to contact liquid ethanol, and a rubber stopper is used for sealing the reactor. Using a xenon lamp as a light source, 1.6W/cm-2The illumination intensity of (a) is used for illumination. The gas in the reactor is extracted by a syringe during or at the end of the reaction and passed through the gas phaseThe chromatography (GC) was used for the composition and content analysis.
FIG. 3 is a schematic representation of the ethylene production per mass of catalyst in a batch reactor over time for purple tungsten oxide as the catalyst. The reaction ethylene generation rate in the 1 hour is calculated to be as high as 0.396mol g-1·h-1. Within 1.5-2 hours of reaction, the reaction still maintains a high rate, which indicates that the catalyst has stable and efficient performance.
Example 5
The catalyst in example 4 was replaced with yellow tungsten oxide (WO)3) The procedure of the other specific operations was the same as in example 4, and the reaction was carried out so that the ethylene production rate reached 3 mmol. multidot.g-1·h-1。
Example 6
The reactants in example 4 were replaced with methanol, n-propanol, ethylene glycol, and glycerol, respectively, and the other specific procedures were the same as in example 4.
The reaction result is shown in figure 4, and the rate of methane preparation by methanol photocatalysis can reach 2.03 mmol/g as shown in figure 4-1·h-1The rate of preparing propylene by n-propanol photocatalysis can reach 0.21mol g-1·h-1The ethylene rate of ethylene photocatalytic preparation can reach 4.3 mmol/g-1·h-1. When the glycerol is used for preparing methane, ethylene and propylene by photocatalysis, the light intensity is 1.18W/cm-2The reaction can take place with a methane formation rate of 80.02. mu. mol. g-1·h-1The ethylene generation rate was 21.84. mu. mol. g-1·h-1The propylene production rate was 16.58. mu. mol. g-1·h-1. The method shows that the purple tungsten oxide can achieve higher reaction rate when used for preparing corresponding hydrocarbon compounds by photocatalysis of methanol, n-propanol, ethylene glycol and glycerol, and shows that the activity of the catalyst is efficient and stable under photocatalysis.
Example 7
The light source in embodiment 4 is replaced by ultraviolet light, visible light, near-infrared light, ultraviolet and visible light, and near-infrared and visible light, respectively, wherein the illumination intensity is adjusted according to different light sources, and other specific operation modes are the same as those in embodiment 4.
Example 8
Adding 1mL of ethanol into the bottom of a batch high-pressure reactor, and taking 5mg of purple tungsten oxide (WO)2.72) The mixture was dispersed and supported on FTO glass pieces of 1.5cm × 3cm, and violet tungsten oxide (WO) was supported thereon2.72) The FTO is arranged in a reactor and fixed above the liquid level of ethanol so as not to contact with the liquid ethanol, the reactor is sealed and then is kept at a constant temperature of 200 ℃, gas is extracted from a sampling port by a sampling needle after 1h, and the component and content are analyzed by Gas Chromatography (GC).
The experimental results of examples 7 and 8 are shown in FIG. 5, and as shown in FIG. 5, when the intensity of UV light is 190mW cm-2When the ethanol photocatalytic reaction product is ethane, the reaction rate is 163 mu mol g-1·h-1。
When the visible light intensity is 480mW cm-2When the ethanol photocatalytic reaction product is ethylene, the reaction rate is 6 mu mol g-1·h-1。
When the intensity of near infrared light is 750mW cm-2When the reaction product of ethanol photocatalysis is ethylene, the reaction rate is 1.16 mmol.g-1·h-1。
When the intensity of ultraviolet light and visible light is 620mW cm-2When the reaction product of ethanol photocatalysis is ethylene and ethane, the reaction rate of generating ethylene is 0.16 mmol.g-1·h-1The reaction rate of ethane formation was 0.4 mmol/g-1·h-1。
When the intensity of the near infrared light and the visible light is 1130mW cm-2The ethanol photocatalytic reaction product is ethylene, and the reaction rate is 44.2 mmol/g-1·h-1。
The rate of preparing ethylene by thermally catalyzing ethanol at 200 ℃ can reach 24 mmol/g-1·h-1。
Therefore, under the condition that the light source is full spectrum light, visible light or near infrared light, the products of the ethanol photocatalytic reaction are all ethylene, but under the light source with the participation of ultraviolet light, the products of the ethanol photocatalytic reaction are ethane. Compared with the thermocatalytic reaction of example 8, the reaction rate of generating ethylene by using full spectrum light, ultraviolet and visible light, and near infrared and visible light without additional heating is higher than that of generating ethylene driven by a heat source at 200 ℃.
Example 9
The reactants of example 4 were replaced with phenethyl alcohol, and the other specific operation was the same as in example 4. The reaction product is styrene, and the reaction rate is 0.997 mmol-g-1·h-1。
In the present embodiment, the aromatic alcohol includes, but is not limited to, phenylethyl alcohol. One skilled in the art can adjust the light intensity according to the specific reactant to achieve the reaction condition of exciting aromatic alcohol to carry out elimination reaction to prepare olefin and/or alkane.
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for producing a hydrocarbon compound using an alcohol, comprising: under the illumination and the preset reaction temperature, the alcohol compound is used as a reaction substrate, and the tungsten oxide is used as a catalyst to prepare the alkene and/or the alkane.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the alcohol compound comprises one or more of an aliphatic alcohol, an aromatic alcohol.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the illumination comprises one or more of full spectrum illumination, ultraviolet illumination, visible illumination, near infrared illumination.
4. The method of claim 3, wherein the source of illumination comprises one or more of a xenon lamp, a light emitting diode, a tungsten lamp, a mercury lamp, a sunlight source.
5. The method as claimed in claim 3, wherein the intensity of the ultraviolet light, the visible light, and the near-infrared light all comprise 0.01-5W/cm-2。
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the predetermined reaction temperature comprises 25-35 ℃.
7. The method of claim 1, wherein the tungsten oxide comprises one or more of yellow tungsten oxide, blue tungsten oxide, purple tungsten oxide, tan tungsten oxide.
8. The method of claim 7, wherein the yellow tungsten oxide comprises WO3(ii) a The blue tungsten oxide comprises WO2.9(ii) a The purple tungsten oxide comprises W18O49、WO2.72One or more of; the brown tungsten oxide comprises WO2。
9. The method of claim 7, wherein the tungsten oxide comprises one or more of nanowire-like tungsten oxide, nanosheet-like tungsten oxide, nanosphere-like tungsten oxide, nanoparticulate tungsten oxide, and nanosubstrate-like tungsten oxide.
10. The method according to claim 1, wherein the tungsten oxide-based catalyst comprises a catalyst in which a tungsten oxide is supported on a carrier, and the amount of the tungsten oxide supported on the carrier is 0.5 to 2mg/cm2。
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WO2004078336A2 (en) * | 2003-03-03 | 2004-09-16 | Sasol Germany Gmbh | PROCESS FOR THE DEHYDRATION OF ALCOHOLS YIELDING α-OLEFINS |
CN101898927A (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2010-12-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for preparing light olefins from alcohols |
CN110876929A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-03-13 | 暨南大学 | Nonmetal surface plasma tungsten trioxide nanowire bundle material and preparation method and application thereof |
CN111774051A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-10-16 | 贵州理工学院 | Catalyst for preparing ethylene and organic products by photo-thermal catalysis of alcohol dehydration and preparation method thereof |
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WO2004078336A2 (en) * | 2003-03-03 | 2004-09-16 | Sasol Germany Gmbh | PROCESS FOR THE DEHYDRATION OF ALCOHOLS YIELDING α-OLEFINS |
CN101898927A (en) * | 2009-05-27 | 2010-12-01 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for preparing light olefins from alcohols |
CN110876929A (en) * | 2019-12-12 | 2020-03-13 | 暨南大学 | Nonmetal surface plasma tungsten trioxide nanowire bundle material and preparation method and application thereof |
CN111774051A (en) * | 2020-06-02 | 2020-10-16 | 贵州理工学院 | Catalyst for preparing ethylene and organic products by photo-thermal catalysis of alcohol dehydration and preparation method thereof |
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