CN113277680A - Method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silicon dioxide - Google Patents

Method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silicon dioxide Download PDF

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CN113277680A
CN113277680A CN202110614252.3A CN202110614252A CN113277680A CN 113277680 A CN113277680 A CN 113277680A CN 202110614252 A CN202110614252 A CN 202110614252A CN 113277680 A CN113277680 A CN 113277680A
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heavy metal
silicon dioxide
metal ions
chemical
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王迁
李玉红
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Weinan Teachers College
Weinan Normal University
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Weinan Teachers College
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/02—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material
    • B01J20/10—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate
    • B01J20/103—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof comprising inorganic material comprising silica or silicate comprising silica
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/28—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties
    • B01J20/28002—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof characterised by their form or physical properties characterised by their physical properties
    • B01J20/28004—Sorbent size or size distribution, e.g. particle size
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/3071—Washing or leaching
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/3085—Chemical treatments not covered by groups B01J20/3007 - B01J20/3078
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
    • B01J20/00—Solid sorbent compositions or filter aid compositions; Sorbents for chromatography; Processes for preparing, regenerating or reactivating thereof
    • B01J20/30—Processes for preparing, regenerating, or reactivating
    • B01J20/32—Impregnating or coating ; Solid sorbent compositions obtained from processes involving impregnating or coating
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/001—Processes for the treatment of water whereby the filtration technique is of importance
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
    • C02F1/288—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption using composite sorbents, e.g. coated, impregnated, multi-layered
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
    • C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
    • C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
    • C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
    • C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid-Sorbent Or Filter-Aiding Compositions (AREA)
  • Water Treatment By Sorption (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical sewage by using silicon dioxide. The method comprises the following steps: preparing nano silicon dioxide; adding nano silicon dioxide into a sodium hydroxide solution, stirring at 70-85 ℃, filtering, washing the precipitate with water to be neutral, filtering, collecting the precipitate, and drying to obtain a substance A; dispersing the substance A and glycidyl methacrylate in N, N-dimethylformamide, adding a sulfuric acid solution into a dispersion system, stirring and reacting under the nitrogen atmosphere and at the temperature of 90-100 ℃, centrifuging, collecting precipitate, washing with water, and drying to obtain a substance B; removing solid particles in the chemical wastewater, adjusting the pH of the filtrate, adding pollutant-degrading bacteria to treat the wastewater, adjusting the pH, and adding a substance B to treat the wastewater. The method of the invention can still treat heavy metal ions in the sewage under the condition of containing organic pollutants, and has high efficiency.

Description

Method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silicon dioxide
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of sewage treatment, and particularly relates to a method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical sewage by using silicon dioxide.
Background
The original physical property or chemical property of the pure water is changed after the pure water is used, and the pure water becomes wastewater containing different impurities. The chemical wastewater is the wastewater such as process wastewater, cooling water, waste gas washing water, equipment and site washing water and the like discharged in chemical production. The sewage contains impurities such as solid particles, organic matters, acid liquor, alkali liquor, heavy metal ions and the like, and if the impurities are not discharged after treatment, the sewage can cause pollution of different degrees, harm the health of human beings and influence the industrial and agricultural production.
Heavy metal ions are the most common components in chemical wastewater, and the treatment methods comprise a chemical precipitation method, a flocculation-flotation method, a flotation method, an ion exchange method, a membrane filtration method and an adsorption method. The chemical precipitation method is that a precipitator is adopted to enable heavy metal ions to be coagulated and precipitated, and then the heavy metal ions are removed through a filtration means; the flocculation-flotation method and the flotation method mainly adopt a flotation agent/flocculant and the like to lead heavy metal ions to be agglomerated and floated and then removed by a filtration means; the ion exchange method, the membrane filtration method and the adsorption method mainly adopt materials capable of adsorbing heavy metal ions to adsorb the heavy metal ions in the sewage.
When the chemical precipitation method, the flocculation-flotation method, the ion exchange method, the membrane filtration method and the adsorption method are applied to laboratory simulated heavy metal ion sewage, the simulated sewage only contains heavy metal ion pollutant components, so the treatment effect is good. However, because sewage components discharged from different chemical plants are different, heavy metal ions may be only some pollutant ion components in the sewage, and when the sewage also contains other pollutants such as organic matters, the mutual relationship of the pollutant components is considered to determine the sequence of treatment of different pollutant components, the difficulty of treatment of the sewage with complex pollutant components is very high, and the existing heavy metal ion adsorption material is difficult to meet the treatment requirement of the heavy metal ions in the sewage. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a new method for treating heavy metal ions with high efficiency to meet the requirement of the sewage treatment process with complicated components.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silicon dioxide.
The invention aims to provide a method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silicon dioxide, which comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing nano silicon dioxide by using silicon dioxide as a raw material;
s2, adding the nano silicon dioxide into 5-10mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 0.5-1h at 70-85 ℃, filtering, washing the precipitate with water until the washing liquid is neutral, collecting the nano silicon dioxide precipitate after filtering, and drying to obtain a substance A;
s3, ultrasonically dispersing the substance A and glycidyl methacrylate in N, N-dimethylformamide, adding a sulfuric acid solution into a dispersion system, stirring and reacting for 5-8h under the nitrogen atmosphere and at the temperature of 90-100 ℃, centrifuging, collecting precipitates, washing with water until a washing liquid is neutral, and drying to obtain a substance B;
s4, removing solid particles in the chemical sewage in a filtering mode, adjusting the pH of the filtrate to meet the optimal growth pH of organic pollutant degrading bacteria, then adding the pollutant degrading bacteria for treatment for 6-72h, then adjusting the pH of the filtrate to 6-6.5, adding a substance B into the filtrate, fully stirring the mixture for 1-2h, then continuously adding the substance B into the filtrate, wherein the material-liquid ratio is (3-5) g:1000mL, fully stirring the mixture for at least 1h, and adsorbing heavy metal ions in the chemical sewage.
Preferably, in the method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silica, S1, the nano silica is prepared according to the following method: mixing silicon dioxide particles and a hydrophobic non-volatile liquid substance according to the mass ratio of 10000 (1-3) to obtain a mixture, then placing the mixture into a pulverizer to pulverize the mixture into nano-grade powder, separating the powder by a separator, and collecting the powder with the particle size of 50-100nm to obtain the nano-silicon dioxide.
Preferably, in the method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silica, the hydrophobic non-volatile liquid substance is liquid paraffin or tween 80.
Preferably, in the method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silica, the mass fraction of the sulfuric acid solution is 5-10%.
Preferably, in the method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silica, in S3, the mass ratio of the substance a, glycidyl methacrylate, N-dimethylformamide and sulfuric acid solution is 1: (0.5-1): 20: 1.
preferably, in the method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silica, the substance B is loaded on zeolite between S3 and S4 to prepare the composite adsorbing material, and then the substance B in the S4 step is replaced by the composite adsorbing material.
Preferably, in the method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silica, the loading method is physical adsorption bonding or chemical bond bonding.
Preferably, in the method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silicon dioxide, the pollutant degrading bacteria are phosphate solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen solubilizing bacteria, aromatic hydrocarbon degrading bacteria or alkane degrading bacteria.
The invention also provides a composite adsorption material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
although the adsorption performance of the silicon dioxide is poor, the porous material or the nano material prepared by taking the silicon dioxide as the raw material has better specific surface area and adsorption performance, and has good application prospect in the field of sewage treatment. Therefore, the adsorption material prepared by the invention has good adsorption effect on heavy metal ions even if organic matters are contained in sewage after silicon dioxide is used as a starting material and subjected to structural modification.
The present invention mixes silica with hydrophobic nonvolatile liquid material, because the smaller the particle diameter is, the larger the cohesion between particles is when the silica is mechanically pulverized, and the pulverization uniformity of the particle diameter is not good, and when the hydrophobic nonvolatile liquid material is used, the hydrophobic nonvolatile liquid material is adsorbed to the surface of the pulverized silica particles, filling the gaps on the surface of the particles, reducing the cluster distance between the silica particles, and improving the pulverization uniformity.
According to the invention, nano silicon dioxide and 5-10mol/L sodium hydroxide solution are mixed for treatment, on one hand, oil stain and other hydrophobic non-volatile liquid substances dissolved in alkali in the nano silicon dioxide are removed, on the other hand, the nano silicon dioxide can react with alkali liquor under a high temperature condition, and the reaction time is short and is 0.5-1h, so that the surface of the nano silicon dioxide mainly reacts with the alkali liquor, the surface microstructure of the nano silicon dioxide is changed, the porosity of the nano silicon dioxide is increased, and the adsorption efficiency of the nano silicon dioxide can be improved.
Solid particles in chemical sewage are removed in a filtering mode, pollutant degrading bacteria are added into the chemical sewage for treatment to degrade pollutants without heavy metal ions, a composite adsorbing material is added into the chemical sewage twice, the first material-liquid ratio is (3-5) g:1000mL, the mixture is fully stirred for 1-2 hours, the main effect of the step is to adsorb thalli and part of heavy metal ions, then the composite adsorbing material is continuously added, the material-liquid ratio is (3-5) g:1000mL, the mixture is fully stirred for at least 1 hour, and the step mainly adsorbs the heavy metal ions in the chemical sewage. Because the bacteria have large volume and vitality, and metabolism of the bacteria can generate substances with adhesive force, the adsorption force of the composite adsorption material on the bacteria and the composite adsorption material are realized between the bacteria and the composite adsorption material, and the adhesion force of the bacteria on the composite adsorption material is also realized, so the bonding force between the bacteria and the composite adsorption material is stronger than that between metal ions and the composite adsorption material; the method comprises two adsorption steps, has strong purposiveness, removes the thalli firstly, and then adsorbs the heavy metal ions in a targeted manner, so that the thalli and the heavy metal ions are prevented from being simultaneously competitively adsorbed on the composite adsorption material, and the adsorption efficiency of the heavy metal ions is high.
Under the weak acid condition of pH6-6.5, the composite adsorption material prepared by the invention has stable structure and property and optimal adsorption performance.
Detailed Description
In order that those skilled in the art will better understand the technical solutions of the present invention to practice, the present invention will be further described with reference to the following specific examples.
In the description of the present invention, reagents used are commercially available and methods used are conventional in the art, unless otherwise specified. In the experiments and examples described below, the zeolite was a zeolite having a particle size of 5 to 8mm (Zeolite mineral Co., Ltd. in Tianxi, North Tibet), which was sprayed on both sides with a deionized water liquid containing the substance B; the zeolite is a zeolite with a particle size of 5-8mm (Zeolite mineral Co., Tian assist, North Tibet), and deionized water liquid containing a substance B is sprayed on the front and back sides of the zeolite; the deionized water liquid containing the substance B sprayed on the surface of each zeolite is sprayed uniformly as much as possible and is used after being ventilated and dried.
Example 1
A method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silicon dioxide comprises the following steps:
s1, using silicon dioxide as a raw material, crushing by using a crusher, separating by using a separator, collecting powder with the particle size of 50-100nm, and preparing nano silicon dioxide;
s2, adding nano silicon dioxide into 5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 1h at 80 ℃, filtering, washing the precipitate with water until the washing liquid is neutral, collecting the nano silicon dioxide precipitate after filtering, and drying to obtain a substance A;
s3, ultrasonically dispersing 1g of the substance A and 1g of glycidyl methacrylate in 20g N, N-dimethylformamide, dropwise adding 1g of concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 5% into a dispersion system, stirring and reacting for 5 hours under the conditions of nitrogen atmosphere and 90 ℃, centrifuging at 10000r, collecting precipitate, washing with water until the washing liquid is neutral, and drying to obtain a substance B;
s4, removing solid particles in 500mL of chemical wastewater (taking organic matters as main pollutants) in a filtering mode, adjusting the pH of the filtrate to 7.0 to meet the optimal growth pH of organic pollutant degrading bacteria, adding BDB-n biodegradation bacteria (namely corresponding to the organic pollutant degrading bacteria) into the filtrate, and treating the filtrate for 10 days, wherein the addition amount is 6mL/m3And then adjusting the pH value of the filtrate to 6, adding a substance B1.5g into the filtrate, fully stirring the mixture for 1 hour, then continuously adding the substance B1.5g into the filtrate, fully stirring the mixture for 12 hours, and adsorbing heavy metal ions in the chemical wastewater.
The COD content concentration in the chemical wastewater is reduced from 95.21mg/L to 54.42mg/L, and the content concentration of the divalent lead is reduced from 15.47mg/L to 2.70 mg/L.
Example 2
A method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silicon dioxide comprises the following steps:
s1, using silicon dioxide as a raw material, crushing by using a crusher, separating by using a separator, collecting powder with the particle size of 50-100nm, and preparing nano silicon dioxide;
s2, adding nano silicon dioxide into 10mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 0.5h at 85 ℃, filtering, washing the precipitate with water until the washing liquid is neutral, filtering, collecting the nano silicon dioxide precipitate, and drying to obtain a substance A;
s3, ultrasonically dispersing 1g of the substance A and 1g of glycidyl methacrylate in 20g N, N-dimethylformamide, dropwise adding 1g of concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 10% into a dispersion system, stirring and reacting for 5 hours under the conditions of nitrogen atmosphere and 100 ℃, centrifuging at 10000r, collecting precipitate, washing with water until the washing liquid is neutral, and drying to obtain a substance B;
s4, removing solid particles in 500mL of chemical wastewater (taking organic matters as main pollutants) in a filtering mode, adjusting the pH of the filtrate to 7.0 to meet the optimal growth pH of organic pollutant degrading bacteria, adding BDB-n biodegradation bacteria (namely corresponding to the organic pollutant degrading bacteria) into the filtrate, and treating the filtrate for 10 days, wherein the addition amount is 6mL/m3And then adjusting the pH value of the filtrate to 6, adding 2.5g of the substance B into the filtrate, fully stirring the mixture for 1 hour, then continuously adding 2.5g of the substance B into the filtrate, fully stirring the mixture for 12 hours, and adsorbing heavy metal ions in the chemical wastewater.
The COD content concentration in the chemical wastewater is reduced from 95.21mg/L to 38.34mg/L, and the content concentration of the divalent lead is reduced from 15.47mg/L to 0.58 mg/L.
Example 3
A method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silicon dioxide comprises the following steps:
s1, using silicon dioxide as a raw material, crushing by using a crusher, separating by using a separator, collecting powder with the particle size of 50-100nm, and preparing nano silicon dioxide;
s2, adding nano silicon dioxide into 8mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 1h at 70 ℃, filtering, washing the precipitate with water until the washing liquid is neutral, collecting the nano silicon dioxide precipitate after filtering, and drying to obtain a substance A;
s3, ultrasonically dispersing 2g of the substance A and 1g of glycidyl methacrylate in 40g N, N-dimethylformamide, dropwise adding 2g of concentrated sulfuric acid with the mass fraction of 8% into a dispersion system, stirring and reacting for 8 hours under the conditions of nitrogen atmosphere and 95 ℃, centrifuging at 10000r, collecting precipitate, washing with water until the washing liquid is neutral, and drying to obtain a substance B;
s4, fully mixing 20g of the substance B with 200mL of deionized water, then spraying the mixture on about 100g of honeycomb ceramics, and drying to obtain a composite adsorbing material; the size of the honeycomb ceramic is 1cm in length, 1cm in width and 1cm in height;
s5, removing solid particles in 500mL of chemical wastewater in a filtering manner, adjusting the pH of the filtrate to 7.0 to meet the optimal growth pH of the organic pollutant degrading bacteria, adding BDB-n biodegradation bacteria (namely corresponding to the organic pollutant degrading bacteria) into the filtrate, and treating the filtrate for 10 days, wherein the addition amount is 6mL/m3And then adjusting the pH value of the filtrate to 6, adding 1.5g of the composite adsorption material into the filtrate, fully stirring the mixture for 1 hour, then continuously adding 1.5g of the composite adsorption material into the filtrate, fully stirring the mixture for 3 hours, and adsorbing heavy metal ions in the chemical wastewater.
The COD content concentration in the chemical wastewater is reduced from 95.21mg/L to 17.90mg/L, and the content concentration of the divalent lead is reduced from 15.47mg/L to 0.25 mg/L.
In the above examples 1 to 3, the nano silica was prepared by the following method: mixing silica particles with hydrophobic non-volatile liquid substance liquid paraffin according to a mass ratio of 10000:1 to obtain a mixture, then placing the mixture into a crusher to crush the mixture into nano-grade powder, separating the powder by a separator, and collecting the powder with a particle size range of 50-100nm to obtain the nano-silica.
It should be noted that, in other embodiments under the inventive concept, the hydrophobic nonvolatile liquid substance may also be tween 80, and the silica particles and the hydrophobic nonvolatile liquid substance are in any mass ratio of 10000 (1-3). The COD degradation rate and the divalent lead removal rate of the examples are close to those of the example 3, and the upper and lower ranges are 5%.
Blank group
A method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silicon dioxide is basically the same as the operations of S1-S3 in example 1, except that the step of S2 is eliminated, nano silicon dioxide and glycidyl methacrylate are directly dispersed in N, N-dimethylformamide, and the rest steps are the same as example 1.
The prepared substance B is used for treating simulated sewage, and the heavy metal ion treatment performance of the substance B is examined. The preparation method of the simulated wastewater comprises the following steps: 200mg of K2Cr2O7、100mg FeCl3、100mg Pb(NO3)2Dissolving in deionized water, and mixing.
And (3) putting 0.5g of the substance B into 100mL of simulated wastewater, stirring for 2.5h at room temperature, carrying out centrifugal separation and precipitation, detecting the concentrations of hexavalent chromium ions and divalent lead ions in the centrifuged supernatant, and detecting that the concentration of the hexavalent chromium ions in the simulated wastewater is reduced to 20.82mg/L and the concentration of the divalent lead ions is reduced to 19.74 mg/L.
Experimental group 1
A method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silica was performed in the same manner as in S1-S3 of example 1, and the performance of treating heavy metal ions by using the prepared substance B to treat simulated wastewater was examined.
And (3) putting 0.5g of the substance B into 100mL of simulated wastewater, stirring for 2.5h at room temperature, carrying out centrifugal separation and precipitation, detecting the concentrations of hexavalent chromium ions and divalent lead ions in the centrifuged supernatant, and detecting that the concentration of the hexavalent chromium ions in the simulated wastewater is reduced to 3.25mg/L and the concentration of the divalent lead ions is reduced to 3.14 mg/L.
Experimental group 2
A method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silicon dioxide is basically the same as the operation of the experimental group 1, except that the pH value in S5 is changed to 7.
And (3) putting 0.5g of the substance B into 100mL of simulated wastewater, stirring for 2.5h at room temperature, carrying out centrifugal separation and precipitation, detecting the concentrations of hexavalent chromium ions and divalent lead ions in the centrifuged supernatant, and detecting that the concentration of the hexavalent chromium ions in the simulated wastewater is reduced to 6.76mg/L and the concentration of the divalent lead ions is reduced to 6.84 mg/L.
Experimental group 3
A method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silicon dioxide is basically the same as the operation of the experimental group 1, except that the pH value in S5 is changed to 8.
And (3) putting 0.5g of the substance B into 100mL of simulated wastewater, stirring for 2.5h at room temperature, carrying out centrifugal separation and precipitation, detecting the concentrations of hexavalent chromium ions and divalent lead ions in the centrifuged supernatant, and detecting that the concentration of the hexavalent chromium ions in the simulated wastewater is reduced to 8.91mg/L and the concentration of the divalent lead ions is reduced to 8.66 mg/L.
It should be noted that, when the present invention relates to a numerical range, it should be understood that two endpoints of each numerical range and any value between the two endpoints can be selected, and since the steps and methods adopted are the same as those in the embodiment, in order to prevent redundancy, the present invention describes a preferred embodiment. While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is also intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims (9)

1. The method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silicon dioxide is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, preparing nano silicon dioxide by using silicon dioxide as a raw material;
s2, adding the nano silicon dioxide into 5-10mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, stirring for 0.5-1h at 70-85 ℃, filtering, washing the precipitate to be neutral, collecting the nano silicon dioxide precipitate after filtering, and drying to obtain a substance A;
s3, dispersing the substance A and glycidyl methacrylate in N, N-dimethylformamide, adding a sulfuric acid solution into a dispersion system, stirring and reacting for 5-8h under the conditions of nitrogen atmosphere and 90-100 ℃, centrifuging, collecting precipitate, washing with water to be neutral, and drying to obtain a substance B;
s4, removing solid particles in the chemical sewage in a filtering mode, adjusting the pH of the filtrate to meet the optimal growth pH of organic pollutant degrading bacteria, adding the pollutant degrading bacteria for treatment, adjusting the pH of the filtrate to 6-6.5, adding a substance B into the filtrate, stirring for 1-2h, continuously adding the substance B, stirring for at least 1h, and adsorbing heavy metal ions in the chemical sewage, wherein the material-liquid ratio is (3-5) g:1000 mL.
2. The method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silica as claimed in claim 1, wherein in S1, the nano silica is prepared according to the following method: mixing silicon dioxide particles and a hydrophobic non-volatile liquid substance according to the mass ratio of 10000 (1-3) to obtain a mixture, then placing the mixture into a pulverizer to pulverize the mixture into nano-grade powder, separating the powder by a separator, and collecting the powder with the particle size of 50-100nm to obtain the nano-silicon dioxide.
3. The method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silica as claimed in claim 2, wherein the hydrophobic non-volatile liquid substance is liquid paraffin or tween 80.
4. The method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silica as claimed in claim 1, wherein the mass fraction of the sulfuric acid solution is 5-10%.
5. The method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silica as claimed in claim 4, wherein in S3, the mass ratio of the substance A, the glycidyl methacrylate, the N, N-dimethylformamide and the sulfuric acid solution is 1: (0.5-1): 20: 1.
6. the method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silica as claimed in claim 1, wherein the substance B is loaded on zeolite between S3 and S4 to prepare a composite type adsorption material, and then the substance B in the S4 step is replaced by the composite type adsorption material.
7. The method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silica as claimed in claim 6, wherein the loading method is physical adsorption bonding or chemical bond bonding.
8. The method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silicon dioxide as claimed in claim 1, wherein the pollutant-degrading bacteria are phosphate-solubilizing bacteria, nitrogen-solubilizing bacteria, aromatic hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria or alkane-degrading bacteria.
9. A composite adsorbent material prepared by the method of claim 6.
CN202110614252.3A 2021-06-02 2021-06-02 Method for treating heavy metal ions in chemical wastewater by using silicon dioxide Pending CN113277680A (en)

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