CN113277670A - Heavy metal-containing wastewater treatment device and treatment method thereof - Google Patents
Heavy metal-containing wastewater treatment device and treatment method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F9/00—Multistage treatment of water, waste water or sewage
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/28—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by sorption
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/46—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods
- C02F1/461—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis
- C02F1/467—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction
- C02F1/4676—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by electrochemical methods by electrolysis by electrochemical disinfection; by electrooxydation or by electroreduction by electroreduction
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/58—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by removing specified dissolved compounds
- C02F1/62—Heavy metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/66—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by neutralisation; pH adjustment
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2303/00—Specific treatment goals
- C02F2303/16—Regeneration of sorbents, filters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/28—Anaerobic digestion processes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F3/00—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F3/34—Biological treatment of water, waste water, or sewage characterised by the microorganisms used
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Abstract
The invention relates to a device and a method for treating wastewater containing heavy metals. Wherein the pH adjusting tank is used for adding a pH adjusting agent to adjust the pH value of the wastewater to 6-7; the adsorption tank is connected with the pH adjusting tank, and heavy metal ions in the waste liquid are adsorbed by the adsorbent; the desorption groove is connected with the adsorption groove and is used for desorbing the heavy metal adsorbed on the adsorbent; the electrolytic cell is connected with the analysis tank and is used for carrying out reduction treatment to obtain heavy metal; the anaerobic tank is connected with the adsorption tank and is used for removing heavy metal ions in the waste liquid led out from the adsorption tank. Most of heavy metal ions in the wastewater are adsorbed on the surface of the adsorbent through the adsorption tank, then the heavy metal ions are released through the desorption tank, and then the heavy metal is obtained through reduction treatment through the electrolytic cell. In addition, the waste liquid in the adsorption tank passes through an anaerobic tank to remove a few heavy metal ions in the waste liquid.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wastewater treatment, in particular to a heavy metal-containing wastewater treatment device and a treatment method thereof.
Background
With the continuous consumption of fossil energy, energy is exhausted, and therefore, new energy needs to be vigorously developed. Among them, nuclear power is one of new energy and widely used for power generation. The fuel used by the nuclear power station is uranium which is a heavy metal, and the nuclear fuel made of uranium is fissured in equipment of a reactor to generate a large amount of heat energy, then the heat energy is taken out by water under high pressure, steam is generated in a steam generator, the steam pushes a gas turbine to drive a generator to rotate together, and electricity is continuously generated and is sent to all directions through a power grid.
However, uranium in nuclear fuel produces a large amount of wastewater containing heavy metals during mining, smelting and in-reactor reactions, and the wastewater poses great threat to underground water environment and soil.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides an apparatus and a method for treating wastewater containing heavy metals, so as to solve the problem that wastewater containing heavy metals poses a great threat to groundwater environment and soil.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a wastewater treatment apparatus containing heavy metals, including:
a pH adjusting tank for adding a pH adjusting agent to adjust the pH value of the wastewater to 6-7;
the adsorption tank is connected with the pH adjusting tank to receive the waste liquid led out from the pH adjusting tank and adsorb heavy metal ions in the waste liquid through an adsorbent;
the desorption tank is connected with the adsorption tank to receive the adsorption precipitate led out from the adsorption tank and is used for desorbing the heavy metal adsorbed on the adsorbent;
the electrolytic cell is connected with the analysis tank to receive the waste liquid led out from the analysis tank and is used for reduction treatment to obtain heavy metal;
the anaerobic tank is connected with the adsorption tank to receive the waste liquid guided out in the adsorption tank and used for removing heavy metal ions in the waste liquid guided out in the adsorption tank.
In a possible embodiment according to the first aspect, the adsorbent is a magnetic nano-adsorbent.
In a possible embodiment, based on the first aspect, the nano-adsorbent comprises at least one of alumina, activated carbon, silica, diatomaceous earth and titanium dioxide.
In a possible embodiment according to the first aspect, the pH of the wastewater is adjusted to 6.2 to 6.7 in the pH adjustment tank.
In a possible embodiment according to the first aspect, the pH adjusting tank adjusts the pH of the wastewater to 6.2 to 6.7 using sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and calcium hydroxide.
In a possible embodiment according to the first aspect, the anaerobic pond comprises sulfate-reducing bacteria.
In a possible embodiment according to the first aspect, the sulfate-reducing bacteria are selected from at least one of the genera desulfovibrio, desulfenterobacter, desulfomonas, thermosulfuribacterium, desulfobulforium, desulfoberus, desulfococcus, desulfulosus, desulfocladium and desulfobacillus.
In a possible embodiment according to the first aspect, the heavy metal ions are desorbed from the surface of the adsorbent by adjusting the pH of the solution in the desorption tank to 1 to 5.
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention also provide a wastewater treatment method using a wastewater treatment apparatus as described in any of the above embodiments.
The embodiment of the invention has at least the following advantages:
the invention provides a wastewater treatment device, which comprises a pH adjusting tank, an adsorption tank, a desorption tank, an electrolytic cell and an anaerobic tank. Wherein the pH adjusting tank is used for adding a pH adjusting agent to adjust the pH value of the wastewater to 6-7; the adsorption tank is connected with the pH adjusting tank to receive the waste liquid led out from the pH adjusting tank and adsorb heavy metal ions in the waste liquid through an adsorbent; the desorption groove is connected with the adsorption groove to receive the adsorbent led out from the adsorption groove and is used for desorbing the heavy metal adsorbed on the adsorbent; the electrolytic cell is connected with the analysis tank to receive the waste liquid led out from the analysis tank and is used for reduction treatment to obtain heavy metal; the anaerobism pond with the adsorption tank is connected in order to receive the waste liquid of deriving in the adsorption tank is used for getting rid of the heavy metal ion in the waste liquid of deriving in the adsorption tank. Most of heavy metal ions in the wastewater are adsorbed on the surface of the adsorbent through the adsorption tank, then the heavy metal ions are released through the desorption tank, and then the heavy metal is obtained through reduction treatment through the electrolytic cell. In addition, the waste liquid in the adsorption tank passes through an anaerobic tank to remove a few heavy metal ions in the waste liquid. Therefore, through the combination of electrolysis and biological treatment, heavy metal ions in the wastewater are effectively removed, so that the wastewater reaches the discharge standard, and the threat of the discharged wastewater to underground water and soil is avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a wastewater treatment apparatus containing heavy metals according to an embodiment of the present invention.
A description of the reference numerals;
11-a pH adjusting tank;
12-an adsorption tank;
13-a resolving tank;
14-an electrolytic cell;
15-anaerobic pool.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The following provides definitions of some of the terms used herein. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs.
As used herein, "dissimilatory reduction" refers to the reduction of a substance that acts as a terminal electron acceptor in an electron transport chain. Dissimilatory and anabolic reductions differ from the latter involving the reduction of substances during the intake of nutrients.
As used herein, "sulfate-reducing bacteria" and "SRB" refer to bacteria and archaea that obtain energy from the oxidation of organic compounds or molecular hydrogen when reducing sulfate to sulfide, particularly when the sulfide is hydrogen sulfide.
Referring to fig. 1, an embodiment of the present invention provides a wastewater treatment apparatus including: a pH adjusting tank 11, an adsorption tank 12, a desorption tank 13, an electrolytic cell 14, an anaerobic tank 15 and the like.
The pH adjusting tank can be used for adding a pH adjusting agent to adjust the pH value of the wastewater to 6-7, and the wastewater can enable the surface of the adsorbent in the adsorption tank 12 to be charged with negative charges within the pH range, so that heavy metal ions can be adsorbed. If the pH value of the wastewater is less than 6, the surface of the adsorbent in the adsorption tank 12 is charged with positive charges, so that heavy metal ions cannot be adsorbed; if the pH value of the wastewater is greater than 7, the wastewater is alkaline, so that heavy metal ions are precipitated, the concentration of the heavy metal ions in the wastewater is low, and the heavy metal ions adsorbed by the adsorbent are reduced.
In one possible embodiment, the pH of the wastewater can be adjusted by sodium hydroxide (NaOH), potassium hydroxide (KOH) or calcium hydroxide (Ca (OH)2) To effect the adjustment. Illustratively, the pH of the wastewater may be, but is not limited to, 6.1, 6.2, 6.3, 6.4, 6.5, 6.6, 6.7, 6.8, 6.9, 7.0.
In a particular embodiment, the pH of the wastewater is preferably 6.2 to 6.7. Therefore, the surface of the adsorbent can be charged with more negative charges, and more heavy metal ions can be adsorbed.
In the embodiment provided by the invention, the adsorption tank 12 is connected with the pH adjusting tank to receive the waste liquid led out by the pH adjusting tank, and the heavy metal ions in the waste liquid are adsorbed by the adsorbent in the adsorption tank. As mentioned above, the pH value of the waste liquid is in the range of 6-7, the surface of the adsorbent is provided with more negative charges, and more heavy metal ions can be adsorbed.
In one possible embodiment, the adsorbent may be a magnetic nano-adsorbent, which can enhance adsorption of heavy metal ions. In addition, the magnetic nano-adsorbent has a porous structure, so that the surface area of the adsorbent can be increased, and the adsorption of heavy metal ions is further improved.
Further, the nano-adsorbent may be, but is not limited to, a mixture formed by combining one or more of alumina, activated carbon, diatomite and titanium dioxide.
In another possible embodiment, the nano-adsorbent is preferably a degradable material, such as a resin or the like.
Additionally, in one possible embodiment, the pore size on the nanoadsorbent is between 0.5 and 10 nm. Illustratively, the pore size of the adsorbent can be, but is not limited to, 0.5nm, 1nm, 1.5nm, 2nm, 2.5nm, 3nm, 3.5nm, 4nm, 4.5nm, 5nm, 5.5nm, 6nm, 6.5nm, 7nm, 7.5nm, 8nm, 8.5nm, 9nm, 9.5nm, 10 nm.
In the embodiment provided by the present invention, the desorption tank 13 is connected to the adsorption tank 12 to receive the adsorbent guided out from the adsorption tank 12, and desorbs the heavy metal adsorbed on the adsorbent in the desorption tank, it can be understood that the heavy metal ions are released from the surface of the adsorbent and dispersed in the solution to increase the concentration of the heavy metal ions in the solution, and the adsorbent can be reused after being dried.
In one possible embodiment, the desorption tank 13 is filled with an acidic solution having a pH of 1 to 5, which can positively charge the surface of the adsorbent, thereby releasing heavy metal ions from the surface of the adsorbent.
Further, the acidic solution is hydrochloric acid, nitric acid or an organic acidic solution.
The solution in which the heavy metal ions are dispersed is introduced into an electrolytic cell 14 connected to the analyzing tank 13 and is subjected to reduction treatment to obtain heavy metals.
In addition, in the embodiment provided by the present invention, the anaerobic tank 15 is connected to the adsorption tank 12 to receive the waste liquid discharged from the adsorption tank 12, and is used to remove heavy metal ions from the waste liquid discharged from the adsorption tank 12.
In a possible embodiment, the anaerobic tank contains sulfate reducing bacteria, the sulfate reducing bacteria can reduce sulfate into hydrogen sulfide, and further, the hydrogen sulfide can react with metal ions in the wastewater to generate sulfide precipitate, so that the metal ions in the wastewater can be effectively removed.
Further, the sulfate-reducing bacteria are at least one selected from the group consisting of genus Desulfurvibrio, genus Desulfoenterobacter, genus Desulfuromonas, genus Therdesulfobacter, genus Desulfofola, genus Desulfococcus, genus Desulfonematobacter, genus Desulfosarcina and genus Desulfobacter.
In a particular embodiment of the invention, the sulfate-reducing bacteria are selected from the genus Desulfurvibrio, which is capable of rendering soluble hexavalent uranium or Uranyl (UO) in wastewater2 2+) Converted into sparingly soluble uranium or crystalline uranium ore (major component of which is UO)2)。
In a second aspect, embodiments of the present invention also provide a wastewater treatment method using a wastewater treatment apparatus as described in any of the above embodiments.
Specifically, the wastewater treatment method comprises the following steps:
s101: introducing the wastewater into a pH adjusting tank, and adjusting the pH to 6-7 by an alkaline compound;
s102: introducing the wastewater after pH adjustment into an adsorption tank, and contacting with an adsorbent for 30-90min, wherein the adsorbent after contact is introduced into an analysis tank, and the waste liquid is introduced into an anaerobic tank;
s103: introducing the adsorbent into an analytical tank, and adjusting the pH to 1-5 by an acidic solution;
s104: introducing the waste liquid with the pH value of 1-5 into an electrolytic cell for electrolysis, and recovering heavy metals;
s105: the waste liquid generated in step S102 is introduced into an anaerobic tank, and heavy metals in the waste liquid are recovered.
Hereinafter, the wastewater treatment method of the present invention will be described in detail by way of specific examples.
Unless otherwise specified, the chemical materials and instruments used in the following examples are all conventional chemical materials and conventional instruments, and are commercially available.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a wastewater treatment method, wherein the concentration of heavy metal ions in wastewater is 55mg/L, and the treatment method comprises the following steps:
s101: introducing the wastewater into a pH adjusting tank, and adjusting the pH to 6.2 by using sodium hydroxide;
s102: introducing the wastewater after pH adjustment into an adsorption tank, and contacting with activated carbon with a pore diameter of 1nm for 60min, wherein the adsorbent after contact is introduced into an analysis tank, and the waste liquid is introduced into an anaerobic tank;
s103: introducing the adsorbent into an analytical tank, and adjusting the pH to 3 by using a hydrochloric acid solution;
s104: introducing the waste liquid with the pH value of 3 into an electrolytic cell for electrolysis, and recovering heavy metals;
s105: the waste liquid produced in step S102 is introduced into an anaerobic tank containing Desulfurovibrio, and heavy metals in the waste liquid are recovered.
The concentration of heavy metal ions in the purified wastewater is 0.25mg/L through atomic absorption spectrophotometry detection.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a wastewater treatment method, wherein the concentration of heavy metal ions in wastewater is 70mg/L, and the treatment method comprises the following steps:
s101: introducing the wastewater into a pH adjusting tank, and adjusting the pH to 6.5 by using sodium hydroxide;
s102: introducing the wastewater after pH adjustment into an adsorption tank, and contacting with titanium dioxide with pore diameter of 2nm for 80min, wherein the adsorbent after contact is introduced into an analysis tank, and the waste liquid is introduced into an anaerobic tank;
s103: introducing the adsorbent into an analytical tank, and adjusting the pH to 2 by using a hydrochloric acid solution;
s104: introducing the waste liquid with the pH value of 2 into an electrolytic cell for electrolysis, and recovering heavy metals;
s105: the waste liquid produced in step S102 is introduced into an anaerobic tank containing Desulfurovibrio, and heavy metals in the waste liquid are recovered.
The concentration of heavy metal ions in the purified wastewater is 0.15mg/L through atomic absorption spectrophotometry detection.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a wastewater treatment method, wherein the concentration of heavy metal ions in wastewater is 60mg/L, and the treatment method comprises the following steps:
s101: introducing the wastewater into a pH adjusting tank, and adjusting the pH to 6.7 by potassium hydroxide;
s102: introducing the wastewater after pH adjustment into an adsorption tank, and contacting with silica with pore diameter of 4nm for 70min, wherein the adsorbent after contact is introduced into an analysis tank, and the waste liquid is introduced into an anaerobic tank;
s103: introducing the adsorbent into an analytical tank, and adjusting the pH to 4 by using a hydrochloric acid solution;
s104: introducing the waste liquid with the pH value of 4 into an electrolytic cell for electrolysis, and recovering heavy metals;
s105: the waste liquid produced in step S102 is introduced into an anaerobic tank containing Desulfurovibrio, and heavy metals in the waste liquid are recovered.
The concentration of heavy metal ions in the purified wastewater is 0.35mg/L through atomic absorption spectrophotometry detection.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a wastewater treatment method, wherein the concentration of heavy metal ions in wastewater is 68mg/L, and the treatment method comprises the following steps:
s101: introducing the wastewater into a pH adjusting tank, and adjusting the pH to 7 by potassium hydroxide;
s102: introducing the wastewater after pH adjustment into an adsorption tank, and contacting with silica with pore diameter of 2.5nm for 60min, wherein the adsorbent after contact is introduced into an analysis tank, and the waste liquid is introduced into an anaerobic tank;
s103: introducing the adsorbent into an analytical tank, and adjusting the pH to 4 by using a hydrochloric acid solution;
s104: introducing the waste liquid with the pH value of 4 into an electrolytic cell for electrolysis, and recovering heavy metals;
s105: the waste liquid produced in step S102 is introduced into an anaerobic tank containing Desulfurovibrio, and heavy metals in the waste liquid are recovered.
The concentration of heavy metal ions in the purified wastewater is 0.45mg/L through atomic absorption spectrophotometry detection.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a wastewater treatment method, wherein the concentration of heavy metal ions in wastewater is 68mg/L, and the treatment method comprises the following steps:
s101: introducing the wastewater into a pH adjusting tank, and adjusting the pH to 6.4 by calcium hydroxide;
s102: introducing the wastewater after pH adjustment into an adsorption tank, and contacting with alumina with a pore diameter of 5nm for 40min, wherein the adsorbent after contact is introduced into an analysis tank, and the waste liquid is introduced into an anaerobic tank;
s103: introducing the adsorbent into an analytical tank, and adjusting the pH to 4.5 by using a hydrochloric acid solution;
s104: introducing the waste liquid with the pH of 4.5 into an electrolytic cell for electrolysis, and recovering heavy metals;
s105: the waste liquid produced in step S102 is introduced into an anaerobic tank containing Desulfurovibrio, and heavy metals in the waste liquid are recovered.
The concentration of heavy metal ions in the purified wastewater is 0.52mg/L through atomic absorption spectrophotometry detection.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the pH in S101 was 5.4.
The concentration of heavy metal ions in the purified wastewater is 15mg/L through atomic absorption spectrophotometry detection.
Comparative example 2
This comparative example differs from example 1 in that: the pH in S101 was 8.4.
The concentration of heavy metal ions in the purified wastewater is 10mg/L through atomic absorption spectrophotometry detection.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above experimental examples are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit the same; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing experimental examples, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical scheme recorded in each experimental example can be modified, or part or all of the technical features can be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical scheme depart from the scope of the technical scheme of each experimental example of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. An apparatus for treating wastewater containing heavy metals, characterized by comprising:
a pH adjusting tank for adding a pH adjusting agent to adjust the pH value of the wastewater to 6-7;
the adsorption tank is connected with the pH adjusting tank to receive the waste liquid led out from the pH adjusting tank and adsorb heavy metal ions in the waste liquid through an adsorbent;
the desorption tank is connected with the adsorption tank to receive the adsorbent led out from the adsorption tank and is used for desorbing the heavy metal adsorbed on the adsorbent;
the electrolytic cell is connected with the analysis tank to receive the waste liquid led out from the analysis tank and is used for reduction treatment to obtain heavy metal;
the anaerobic tank is connected with the adsorption tank to receive the waste liquid guided out in the adsorption tank and used for removing heavy metal ions in the waste liquid guided out in the adsorption tank.
2. The wastewater treatment apparatus of claim 1, wherein the adsorbent is a magnetic nano-adsorbent.
3. The wastewater treatment apparatus of claim 2, wherein the nano-adsorbent comprises at least one of alumina, activated carbon, silica, diatomaceous earth, and titanium dioxide.
4. The wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the pH value of wastewater is adjusted to 6.2 to 6.7 in the pH adjustment tank.
5. The wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the pH adjustment tank adjusts the pH of the wastewater to 6.2-6.7 using sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide and calcium hydroxide.
6. The wastewater treatment plant of claim 1, wherein the anaerobic pond contains sulfate-reducing bacteria.
7. The wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 6, wherein said sulfate-reducing bacteria is at least one selected from the group consisting of genus Desulfovibrio, genus Desulfoenterobacter, genus Desulfomonas, genus Therdesulfobacter, genus Desulfofola, genus Desulfococcus, genus Desulfonematobacter, genus Desulfosarcina and genus Desulfobacter.
8. The wastewater treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the pH of the solution in the desorption tank is adjusted to 1 to 5 so that the heavy metal ions are desorbed from the surface of the adsorbent.
9. A wastewater treatment method characterized by using the wastewater treatment apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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