CN113275750A - Bionic high-entropy alloy foil and welding method of boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material - Google Patents

Bionic high-entropy alloy foil and welding method of boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material Download PDF

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CN113275750A
CN113275750A CN202110622899.0A CN202110622899A CN113275750A CN 113275750 A CN113275750 A CN 113275750A CN 202110622899 A CN202110622899 A CN 202110622899A CN 113275750 A CN113275750 A CN 113275750A
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entropy alloy
alloy foil
welding
foil
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CN113275750B (en
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蓟思益
张铭洋
米高阳
王春明
胡溢洋
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Huazhong University of Science and Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/20—Bonding
    • B23K26/21—Bonding by welding
    • B23K26/24—Seam welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/14—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring using a fluid stream, e.g. a jet of gas, in conjunction with the laser beam; Nozzles therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/60—Preliminary treatment
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C30/00—Alloys containing less than 50% by weight of each constituent

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Abstract

The invention provides a bionic high-entropy alloy foil and a welding method of a boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material, and belongs to the technical field of composite material welding. The invention uses AlCoCrFeNi alloy as the foil component of the welding interlayer, and the alloy has excellent mechanical property, good structural stability and corrosion resistance, and the component and B thereof4CPthe/Al composite material has similarity and can reduce B in the laser welding process4CPSevere interfacial reaction behavior between/Al materials. According to the invention, the foil is designed into a honeycomb hollow structure, so that the blocking effect of a continuous middle layer on parent materials at two sides is avoided; bionic honeycomb structure weldingThe cross section of the joint can form a microstructure of a non-uniform heterostructure, and the stability and the toughness of the honeycomb structure can be exerted, so that the strength and the toughness of the welded joint are improved, and the generation of air holes is avoided.

Description

Bionic high-entropy alloy foil and welding method of boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of composite material welding, in particular to a bionic high-entropy alloy foil and a welding method of a boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material.
Background
Boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum base (B)4CPAl, P stands for particles) composite material, which is one of the most widely used metal matrix composite materials at present because of its excellent specific strength, specific modulus, and thermal stability. B as structural bearing member4CPthe/Al composite material is well applied to radiation-proof structural members, the weight can be reduced by 40 percent under the same structural performance, the energy consumption is greatly saved, and the carrying capacity is improved. However, in pair B4CPWhen the/Al composite material is welded, B is used4CPB in the/Al composite4The physical properties of the C particle phase and the aluminum matrix are greatly different, and B4The C particle phase is mostly in physical contact with the aluminum matrix, the interface stability is weak, and B is inevitably changed in the welding process4The composition, distribution and contact mode of C and aluminum matrix affect the original strengthening effect of the material. Thus, B4CPThe excellent properties of the/Al composite material are in conflict with the poor weldability so that B4CPThe welding technology of the Al composite material becomes a difficult problem for research.
The laser welding has the characteristics of non-contact and weldable arbitrary member forms, has good process applicability, and can be used for B4CPAnd welding the/Al composite material. However, directly to B4CPWhen the/Al composite material is subjected to laser welding, the interface stability of the composite material is weaker, and more brittle phase Al can be generated4C3And the strength of the welding seam is reduced.
During laser welding, when B is to be welded4CPThe intermediate layer alloy is arranged between the/Al composite materials, so that B can be reduced4The incompatibility of the C particle phase and the aluminum matrix improves the interface stability. However, most of the conventional interlayer alloys are alloys represented by aluminum base, and have a single component with B4CPthe/Al composite material has poor adaptability. And the middle layer can form a blocking effect on base materials on two sides in butt welding, and a weak area is formed at a solidification interface with the base materials due to incomplete matching of physical and chemical properties, so that the strength of a welding joint is reduced.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention aims to provide a bionic high-entropy alloy foil and a welding method of a boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite. According to the invention, the bionic high-entropy alloy foil is used as the welding intermediate layer of the boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material, and the obtained welding joint has high strength.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a bionic high-entropy alloy foil, which has a honeycomb-shaped hollow hexagonal structure; the chemical composition of the foil is AlCoCrFeNi alloy.
Preferably, the molar ratio of Al, Co, Cr, Fe and Ni elements in the AlCoCrFeNi alloy is 0.3-0.5: 1:1:1: 1.
Preferably, the thickness of the foil is 0.1-0.2 mm.
Preferably, the side length of a single hexagon of the hexagonal structure is 1-5 mm.
The invention provides a preparation method of the bionic high-entropy alloy foil, which comprises the following steps:
and carrying out linear cutting on the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy foil, and cutting out a honeycomb-shaped hollow hexagonal structure to obtain the bionic high-entropy alloy foil.
The invention provides application of the bionic high-entropy alloy foil as a welding interlayer of a boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material.
The invention provides a welding method of a boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite, which comprises the following steps:
placing the bionic high-entropy alloy foil of any one of claims 1 to 4 or the bionic high-entropy alloy foil prepared by the preparation method of claim 5 between to-be-welded boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite materials, and performing laser welding under the protection of protective gas.
Preferably, the volume content of the boron carbide particles in the boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material is 5-25%.
Preferably, the laser wavelength of the laser welding is 1.06 μm, and the spot size is 0.5 mm; the laser welding power is 3000-10000W, the welding speed is 30-143 mm/s, and the power density is 60-110J/mm.
Preferably, the protective gas is argon, and the flow rate of the protective gas is 5-25L/min.
The invention provides a bionic high-entropy alloy foil, which has a honeycomb-shaped hollow hexagonal structure; the chemical composition of the foil is AlCoCrFeNi alloy. The invention uses AlCoCrFeNi alloy as the foil of the welding interlayer, the AlCoCrFeNi alloy is high-entropy alloy, has excellent mechanical property, good structural stability and corrosion resistance, and the components and B thereof4CPthe/Al composite material has similarity, and Cr and Fe of the alloy elements can be generated with C (Cr, Fe)23C6And (Cr, Fe)6C, can reduce B in the laser welding process4CPInterface reaction behavior of Al material, reducing brittle phase Al4C3And (4) generating. In nature, honeycombs (honeycombs) are strictly hexagonal cylinders, which is advantageous in improving the strength of the honeycombs and preventing the bottom of the honeycombs from cracking. According to the invention, the foil is designed into a honeycomb type hollow hexagonal structure, so that the blocking effect of a continuous middle layer on parent materials at two sides is avoided; the bionic honeycomb structure can form a microstructure of a non-uniform heterostructure on the cross section of the welding joint, and can exert the stability and the toughness of the honeycomb structure, so that the strength and the toughness of the welding joint are improved, the hollow hexagonal structure is favorable for overflowing of bubbles, and the generation of air holes in the welding process is avoided. Therefore, the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy system is coupled with the honeycomb structure, so that the strength of a welding joint can be effectively improved.
Furthermore, the bionic high-entropy alloy foil disclosed by the invention has a honeycomb type hollow structure, the alloy content in the middle layer foil can be controlled by adjusting the spacing density of the honeycomb, the middle layer content can be controlled on the premise of not changing the thickness of the middle layer, the tissue regulation and control between a welding layer and a base material are conveniently realized, and the welding efficiency is also favorably improved.
The invention provides a welding method of a boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material. In the laser welding process, a main beam emitted by a laser uniformly covers the high-entropy bionic intermediate layer, the bionic high-entropy alloy foil is melted, the base metals to be welded on two sides are uniformly melted, and the base metals are solidified together under the action of the laser beam to form an in-situ alloying welding seam. The method is simple to operate and easy to realize industrial batch production.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a bionic high-entropy alloy foil;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a laser welding process, wherein 1-a laser welding probe, 2-a B4CP/Al composite material to be welded, 3-a bionic high-entropy alloy foil, and 4-shielding gas;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the laser beam distribution at the weld, wherein 1-laser welds the probe, 5-the weld;
FIG. 4 is a stress-strain curve of a weld joint obtained according to example 1 and the comparative example.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a bionic high-entropy alloy foil, which has a honeycomb-shaped hollow hexagonal structure; the chemical composition of the foil is AlCoCrFeNi alloy.
In the invention, the molar ratio of Al, Co, Cr, Fe and Ni elements in the AlCoCrFeNi alloy is preferably 0.3-0.5: 1:1:1:1, and more preferably 0.3-0.4: 1:1:1: 1. The AlCoCrFeNi alloy has a single face-centered cubic structure which is a low-stacking fault energy structure, and has continuous strain hardening capability and excellent ductility.
In the present invention, the thickness of the foil is preferably 0.1 to 0.2mm, more preferably 0.12 to 0.18mm, and still more preferably 0.15 to 0.16 mm.
In the invention, the side length of a single hexagon of the hexagonal structure is preferably 1-5 mm, and more preferably 2-4 mm.
According to the invention, the foil is designed into a honeycomb hollow structure, so that the blocking effect of a continuous middle layer on parent materials at two sides is avoided; the bionic honeycomb structure can form a microstructure of a non-uniform heterostructure on the cross section of the welding joint, and can exert the stability and the toughness of the honeycomb structure, so that the strength and the toughness of the welding joint are improved, and the generation of air holes in the welding process is avoided.
The bionic high-entropy alloy foil disclosed by the invention has a honeycomb type hollow structure, the alloy content in the middle layer foil can be controlled by adjusting the spacing density of the honeycomb, the metal content in the middle layer can be controlled on the premise of not changing the thickness of the middle layer, the tissue regulation and control between a welding layer and a base material are conveniently realized, and the welding efficiency is also favorably improved. Particularly, when a large amount of interlayer alloy is needed for welding, the invention can reduce the side length of a single hexagon and increase the width of the hexagon to increase the content of the interlayer metal without changing the thickness of the interlayer.
The invention provides a preparation method of the bionic high-entropy alloy foil, which comprises the following steps:
and carrying out linear cutting on the AlCoCrFeNi alloy foil to obtain the bionic high-entropy alloy foil.
In the present invention, the wire cutting is preferably wire electric discharge machining; the present invention does not require a specific operation method for the wire electric discharge machining, and a wire electric discharge machining method known to those skilled in the art may be used. As a specific embodiment of the invention, the voltage of the wire cutting is 70V, and the current is 0.8-1.8A.
The invention provides application of the bionic high-entropy alloy foil as a welding interlayer of a boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material. In the invention, when the composite material is applied, the hexagonal section of the bionic high-entropy alloy foil honeycomb type hollow structure is contacted with the surface of the to-be-welded boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material.
The invention has no special requirement on the specific type of the boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material, and the boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite materials well known in the field can be welded by using the method provided by the invention. In the invention, the volume content of the boron carbide particles in the boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite is preferably 5-25%, and more preferably 10-15%.
The invention provides a welding method of a boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite, which comprises the following steps:
and (3) placing the bionic high-entropy alloy foil between the boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite materials to be welded, and carrying out laser welding under the protection of protective gas.
The present invention preferably uses a laser for the laser welding. In the present invention, the laser wavelength of the laser welding is preferably 1.06 μm, and the spot size is preferably 0.5 mm; the laser welding power is preferably 3000-10000W, and more preferably 4000-5000W; the welding speed is preferably 30-143 mm/s, and more preferably 50-100 mm/s; the power density is preferably 60 to 110J/mm, and more preferably 80 to 95J/mm.
In the invention, the protective gas is preferably argon, more preferably high-purity argon, and the purity is 99.99%; the flow rate of the protective gas is preferably 5-25L/min, and more preferably 15L/min.
In the laser welding process, a main beam emitted by a laser uniformly covers the high-entropy bionic intermediate layer, the bionic high-entropy alloy foil is melted, the base materials to be welded on two sides are uniformly melted, and the base materials are solidified together under the action of a laser beam to form an in-situ alloying welding seam.
The following will explain the welding method of the bionic high-entropy alloy foil and the boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite provided by the invention in detail with reference to the examples, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention.
Example 1
And carrying out linear cutting on the AlCoCrFeNi alloy foil to obtain the bionic high-entropy alloy foil with a honeycomb hollow structure. Wherein, the molar ratio of Al, Co, Cr, Fe and Ni elements in the AlCoCrFeNi alloy is 0.3:1:1:1, the thickness of the foil is 0.1mm, and the side length of a single hexagon of the honeycomb structure is 1 mm. The structural schematic diagram of the bionic high-entropy alloy foil is shown in figure 1.
Placing the bionic high-entropy alloy foil in a B to be welded4CPbetween/Al composites, B in composites4The volume fraction of C was 10%. Performing laser welding under the protection of high-purity argon gas at a speed of 15L/min, wherein the laser wavelength of the laser welding is 1.06 mu m, and the spot size is 0.5 mm; the laser welding power is 4000W, and the welding speed is 40 mm/s.
The laser welding process is schematically shown in FIG. 2, 1-laser welding probe, 2-to-be-welded B4CPThe composite material comprises a/Al composite material, 3-bionic high-entropy alloy foil and 4-protective gas.
The schematic distribution of the laser beam at the weld is shown in fig. 3, 1-laser welding probe, 5-weld.
The tensile strength of the welded joint was tested and the resulting stress-strain curve is shown in figure 4.
The welded joints directly laser-welded without the intermediate layer added were compared, the base material and the welding method were the same as above, and the tensile strength test results of the resulting welded joints are shown in fig. 4.
As can be seen from FIG. 4, the tensile strength of the welded joint directly subjected to laser welding without adding the intermediate layer was 51.2MPa, and the tensile strength of the welded joint subjected to laser welding with adding the bionic high-entropy alloy foil was 165.7 MPa. According to the invention, the bionic high-entropy alloy foil is used as the welding intermediate layer of the boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material, and the obtained welding joint has high strength.
An AlCoCrFeNi alloy (Al, Co, Cr, Fe and Ni elements in a molar ratio of 0.3:1:1: 1) having a thickness of 0.1mm and containing no honeycomb-shaped hollow structure was used as an intermediate layer, the base material and the welding method were the same as above, and the tensile strength of the resulting welded joint was 94 MPa. Therefore, the bionic high-entropy alloy foil is used as the welding intermediate layer of the boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite material, and the obtained welding joint has high strength.
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, various modifications and decorations can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications and decorations should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A bionic high-entropy alloy foil is provided, and the foil has a honeycomb-shaped hollow hexagonal structure; the chemical composition of the foil is AlCoCrFeNi alloy.
2. The bionic high-entropy alloy foil of claim 1, wherein the molar ratio of Al, Co, Cr, Fe and Ni elements in the AlCoCrFeNi alloy is 0.3-0.5: 1:1:1: 1.
3. The bionic high-entropy alloy foil according to claim 1, wherein the thickness of the foil is 0.1-0.2 mm.
4. The bionic high-entropy alloy foil sheet of claim 1 or 3, wherein the side length of a single hexagon of the hexagonal structure is 1-5 mm.
5. The preparation method of the bionic high-entropy alloy foil piece of any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising the following steps of:
and carrying out linear cutting on the AlCoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy foil, and cutting out a honeycomb-shaped hollow hexagonal structure to obtain the bionic high-entropy alloy foil.
6. The bionic high-entropy alloy foil as set forth in any one of claims 1 to 4 or the bionic high-entropy alloy foil prepared by the preparation method as set forth in claim 5 is applied as a welding interlayer of a boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite.
7. A welding method of a boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum matrix composite material comprises the following steps:
placing the bionic high-entropy alloy foil of any one of claims 1 to 4 or the bionic high-entropy alloy foil prepared by the preparation method of claim 5 between to-be-welded boron carbide particle reinforced aluminum-based composite materials, and performing laser welding under the protection of protective gas.
8. The welding method according to claim 7, wherein the volume content of the boron carbide particles in the boron carbide particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material is 5 to 25%.
9. The welding method according to claim 7, wherein the laser wavelength of the laser welding is 1.06 μm, and the spot size is 0.5 mm; the laser welding power is 3000-10000W, the welding speed is 30-143 mm/s, and the power density is 60-110J/mm.
10. The welding method according to claim 7, wherein the shielding gas is argon gas, and a flow rate of the shielding gas is 5 to 25L/min.
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114734144A (en) * 2022-04-21 2022-07-12 湖南大学 TWIP steel laser welding method based on high-entropy alloy intermediate layer
CN114951997A (en) * 2022-05-30 2022-08-30 吉林大学 Al based on in-situ synthesis X Aluminum/steel laser welding method for CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy intermediate layer

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6238791A (en) * 1985-08-13 1987-02-19 Toyota Motor Corp Formation of alloy layer by co2 layer
CN108058447A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-05-22 天津大学 A kind of high-entropy alloy honeycomb interlayer harden structure and preparation method thereof
CN208484309U (en) * 2018-07-11 2019-02-12 十堰市涌泉材料科技有限公司 A kind of aluminum alloy plate materials of the two-sided composite layer of band
CN110842364A (en) * 2019-11-25 2020-02-28 中国矿业大学 Laser cladding welding high-entropy alloy AlCoCrFeNi/27SiMn steel composite layer and preparation method thereof
CN111590204A (en) * 2020-06-04 2020-08-28 华东交通大学 Method for inhibiting generation of brittle intermetallic compounds of weld joint by laser high-entropy powder filling welding

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS6238791A (en) * 1985-08-13 1987-02-19 Toyota Motor Corp Formation of alloy layer by co2 layer
CN108058447A (en) * 2017-12-28 2018-05-22 天津大学 A kind of high-entropy alloy honeycomb interlayer harden structure and preparation method thereof
CN208484309U (en) * 2018-07-11 2019-02-12 十堰市涌泉材料科技有限公司 A kind of aluminum alloy plate materials of the two-sided composite layer of band
CN110842364A (en) * 2019-11-25 2020-02-28 中国矿业大学 Laser cladding welding high-entropy alloy AlCoCrFeNi/27SiMn steel composite layer and preparation method thereof
CN111590204A (en) * 2020-06-04 2020-08-28 华东交通大学 Method for inhibiting generation of brittle intermetallic compounds of weld joint by laser high-entropy powder filling welding

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114734144A (en) * 2022-04-21 2022-07-12 湖南大学 TWIP steel laser welding method based on high-entropy alloy intermediate layer
CN114951997A (en) * 2022-05-30 2022-08-30 吉林大学 Al based on in-situ synthesis X Aluminum/steel laser welding method for CoCrFeNi high-entropy alloy intermediate layer

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