CN113275605A - Sharp high strength cutting edge structure - Google Patents
Sharp high strength cutting edge structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN113275605A CN113275605A CN202110568227.6A CN202110568227A CN113275605A CN 113275605 A CN113275605 A CN 113275605A CN 202110568227 A CN202110568227 A CN 202110568227A CN 113275605 A CN113275605 A CN 113275605A
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- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 69
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 abstract description 5
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 10
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 5
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000007514 turning Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001069 Ti alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001788 irregular Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/005—Geometry of the chip-forming or the clearance planes, e.g. tool angles
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of metal cutting tools, and particularly discloses a sharp high-strength cutting edge structure which comprises a horizontal plane, a chip breaker groove bottom surface, a front rake surface group and a rear rake surface; wherein the horizontal plane and the bottom surface of the chip breaker are arranged in parallel; the horizontal plane, the bottom surface of the chip breaking groove and the front rake angle surface group are sequentially arranged and are in smooth transition through an arc line; the rear cutter face is positioned between the horizontal plane and the front angle face group; the horizontal plane is vertical to the rear cutter face. The invention effectively solves the problem of contradiction between the strength and the sharpness of the cutting edge of the cutter.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of machining metal cutting tools, in particular to a sharp high-strength cutting edge structure.
Background
The appearance of the cutter is designed into a five-flower eight-door shape, but the cutting edge is the core part of the whole cutter cutting, the structure of the cutting edge influences the strength and the sharpness of the cutting edge of the cutter, and the strength and the sharpness of the cutting edge are a pair of contradictory communities. The cutting edge of the tool in the current market is usually in a single rake angle or double rake angle structure, the single rake angle structure is the most widely used condition, only one rake angle of the cutting edge of the structure is usually 0 degrees, and the contradiction between the structural strength and the sharpness is prominent. The cutting edge of double rake angle structure has two hook angles, constitute by first hook angle and second hook angle, two hook angles constitute by two line segments (two faces) respectively, it is more crude and hard to intersect between the line segment, though can solve the intensity of cutting edge and the problem of sharpness, but neglected the influence of cutting friction, cutting resistance is big, can make the cutting edge generate heat seriously to the life of cutting edge has been reduced, double rake angle's design can not satisfy the requirement of the intensity of cutting edge and sharpness under some complicated operating mode in addition.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a sharp high-strength cutting edge structure, and effectively solves the problem of contradiction between the strength and the sharpness of a cutting edge of a cutter.
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows:
a sharp high-strength cutting edge structure comprises a horizontal plane, a chip breaker groove bottom surface, a front rake angle surface group and a rear cutter surface;
wherein the horizontal plane and the bottom surface of the chip breaker are arranged in parallel; the horizontal plane, the bottom surface of the chip breaking groove and the front rake angle surface group are sequentially arranged and are in smooth transition through an arc line; the rear cutter face is positioned between the horizontal plane and the front angle face group; the horizontal plane is vertical to the rear cutter face.
In some possible embodiments; the set of rake faces comprises at least three rake faces; the three front corner faces are in smooth transition, and the included angles between two adjacent front corner faces are sequentially increased.
In some possible embodiments; the front rake face group comprises a front rake face I, a front rake face II and a front rake face III which are arranged between the horizontal plane and the bottom surface of the chip breaker and are smoothly transited by arcs in sequence.
In some possible embodiments; an included angle between the rear cutter face and the front rake face I is delta, and delta is more than or equal to 70 degrees and less than or equal to 87 degrees; the included angle between the first front angle surface and the horizontal plane is alpha, and alpha is more than 25 degrees and more than 0 degree.
In some possible embodiments; the included angle between the first front corner face and the second front corner face is theta, and theta is larger than 180 degrees and larger than or equal to 165 degrees; the included angle between the second front angle surface and the horizontal plane is beta, and the angle is more than 25 degrees and more than beta and more than alpha and more than 0 degrees.
In some possible embodiments; the included angle between the second front angle and the third front angle is omega, and the angle is more than 180 degrees and more than omega and more than or equal to 165 degrees; the included angle between the third front angle surface and the horizontal plane is gamma, and the included angle is more than 25 degrees, more than gamma, more than beta, more than alpha and more than 0 degree.
In some possible embodiments; the sum of the projection lengths of the first front angle surface, the second front angle surface and the third front angle surface in the horizontal direction is L, and L is more than 0.2mm and less than 4.2 mm.
In some possible embodiments; the sum of the projection lengths of the front corner face I, the front corner face II and the front corner face III in the vertical direction is H, and H is more than 0.1mm and less than 5.4 mm.
In some possible embodiments; the angle between the third front corner surface and the fourth front corner surface is omega, 180 degrees >ρOmega is more than theta and is more than or equal to 165 degrees; the included angle between the front corner surface four and the horizontal plane is v, and 25 degrees is larger than v, larger than gamma, larger than beta, and larger than alpha, and larger than 0 degrees.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention meets the cutting requirements of various complex working conditions, can ensure the strength of the cutting edge, can lead the cutting process to be light and fast, leads metal cuttings to smoothly flow away on the front cutter surface, reduces friction, reduces cutting force and simultaneously improves the anti-tipping performance.
The invention satisfies the strength on the premise of satisfying the strength requirement and then the sharpness or satisfies the strength on the premise of satisfying the sharpness requirement firstly, the smooth transition of the cutting edge increases the contact area of the scrap iron and the front cutter surface, and simultaneously reduces the frictional resistance, and the high temperature and high pressure of the scrap iron makes the heat transfer and the force transfer more uniform in the contact process, thereby improving the chipping resistance and the wear resistance of the cutting edge.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural view of example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of example 2 of the present invention;
wherein: 10. a horizontal plane; 20. a flank face; 1. a front corner face I; 2. a front corner surface II; 3. front corner face three; 4. the bottom surface of the chip breaker.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
Reference herein to "first," "second," and similar words, does not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather are used to distinguish one element from another. Also, the use of the terms "a" or "an" and the like do not denote a limitation of quantity, but rather denote the presence of at least one.
In the implementation of the present application, "and/or" describes an association relationship of associated objects, which means that there may be three relationships, for example, a and/or B, which may mean: a exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone.
In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality" means two or more unless otherwise specified. For example, the plurality of positioning posts refers to two or more positioning posts.
To make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme, as shown in figures 1-3,
a sharp high strength cutting edge structure comprises a horizontal plane 10, a chip breaker groove bottom surface 4, a front rake angle surface group and a rear rake face 20;
wherein, the horizontal plane 10 and the chip breaker groove bottom surface 4 are arranged in parallel; the horizontal plane 10, the chip breaker bottom surface 4 and the front rake angle surface group are sequentially arranged and smoothly transited by an arc line; the flank face 20 is located between the horizontal plane 10 and the set of rake faces; the horizontal plane 10 and the flank 20 are perpendicular to each other.
In some possible embodiments; the front corner face group comprises a front corner face I1, a front corner face II 2 and a front corner face III which are arranged between the horizontal plane 10 and the chip breaker bottom surface 4 and are smoothly transited by arcs in sequence.
In some possible embodiments; an included angle between the rear tool face 20 and the front rake face I1 is delta, and delta is more than or equal to 70 degrees and less than or equal to 87 degrees; the included angle between the first front angle surface 1 and the horizontal plane 10 is alpha, and alpha is more than 25 degrees and more than 0 degree.
In some possible embodiments; the included angle between the front corner face I1 and the front corner face II 2 is theta, and theta is larger than 180 degrees and larger than or equal to 165 degrees; the included angle between the second front angle surface 2 and the horizontal plane 10 is beta, and the angle is more than 25 degrees and more than beta and more than alpha and more than 0 degrees.
In some possible embodiments; the included angle between the second front angle and the third front angle is omega, and the angle is more than 180 degrees and more than or equal to 165 degrees; the included angle between the third front corner surface 3 and the horizontal plane 10 is gamma, and the included angle is more than 25 degrees, more than gamma, more than beta, more than alpha and more than 0 degrees.
In some possible embodiments; the sum of the projection lengths of the front corner face I1, the front corner face II 2 and the front corner face III 3 in the horizontal direction is L, and L is more than 0.2mm and less than 4.2 mm.
In some possible embodiments; the sum of the projection lengths of the front corner face I1, the front corner face II and the front corner face III 3 in the vertical direction is H, and H is more than 0.1mm and less than 5.4 mm.
In some possible embodiments; the angle between the front corner III and the front corner surface IV 5 is omega, 180 DEG >ρOmega is more than theta and is more than or equal to 165 degrees; the included angle between the four front corner faces 5 and the horizontal plane 10 is v, and 25 degrees are larger than v, larger than gamma, larger than beta, and larger than alpha, and 0 degrees.
The intersection line on the plane passing through the center line of the cutter clamping is a continuously variable line, the intersection lines on different planes can be different or the same, and the curved surface transition treatment is carried out between the intersection lines on adjacent planes.
The composite rake cutting edge structure comprises a rear tool face 20 of a tool, a composite rake angle and a chip breaking groove bottom, wherein the composite rake angle is the core technology of the invention. The composite rake angle of the cutter consists of three or more rake angles, the adjacent rake angles and the last rake face and the bottom of the chip breaking groove are in smooth transition by arcs, the length L of the cutting edge of the whole composite rake angle is from the intersection line of the rear cutter face 20 and the first rake face to the intersection point or tangent point of the last rake face and the bottom of the chip breaking groove, and the height H of the cutting edge of the composite rake angle is from the intersection line of the rear cutter face 20 and the first rake face to the lowest point of the bottom of the chip breaking groove. Wherein the front angle is less than or equal to 25 degrees, the included angle of the front angle surface is 165-180 degrees, the wedge angle between the first front angle surface 1 and the rear cutter surface 20 is 70-87 degrees, taking figure 1 as an example, the structural design parameters are as follows: alpha is more than 0 degree and beta is more than beta and gamma is less than or equal to 25 degrees; theta is more than or equal to 165 degrees and less than omega and less than 180 degrees; delta is more than or equal to 70 degrees and less than or equal to 87 degrees; l is more than 0.2mm and less than 4.2mm, H is more than 0.1mm and less than 5.4 mm; the lengths of the first front corner face 1, the second front corner face 2 and the third front corner face 3 are designed and adjusted according to the structure of the cutter.
The theoretical basis of the invention is derived from 1, the circle can be composed of countless line segments; 2. the large arc transition surface is smoother. The first front angle is not zero to ensure that the cutting edge of the invention has sharper characteristics, then the cutting edge length L and the cutting edge height H are designed according to the requirements of processing working conditions and processing materials, after the cutting edge length L and the cutting edge height H are determined, n (n is more than or equal to 3) line segments are designed, namely, the 1 st to n front angle surfaces are provided, the included angle between the adjacent front angle surfaces is the maximum of 178 degrees and the minimum of 170 degrees, the design key point can ensure that the cutting edge of the invention has high strength, line segments need to be added between included angles which exceed the range, arc transition is provided between the included angles of each front angle surface in the front angle surface group, when the included angle is smaller, the radius of the transition arc is larger, the transition between the line segments is smoother, the cutting resistance is smaller, the generation of cutting heat is reduced, and meanwhile, the metal iron filings with smoother front angle surfaces and higher temperature and higher pressure can transmit heat and force more uniformly in the contact balance, the processing stability of the cutting edge of the cutter is improved.
The composite rake cutting edge structure is generated by computer three-dimensional modeling, a die is manufactured by means of machining, and finally a product is manufactured by a powder metallurgy method.
The composite rake angle cutting edge structure can form cutters with different geometric appearance shapes, can be regular or axisymmetric polygons such as a triangle, a quadrangle, a pentagon, a hexagon, an octagon, a decagon and the like, and can also be irregular or non-axisymmetric polygons.
Under the condition that the base material of the blade is allowed and the coating meets the requirement, the blade is matched with a machine tool for use, and is suitable for turning, milling and drilling of processing materials such as common steel, alloy steel, stainless steel, high-temperature alloy, titanium alloy, cast iron and the like.
The composite rake cutting edge structure can be used for indexable inserts such as turning inserts and milling inserts, and can also be used for integral cutters such as integral milling cutters, drill bits and other tools, and covers the working conditions of finish machining, semi-finish machining, rough machining and gravity cutting.
The composite rake angle cutting edge structure cutter can meet the cutting requirements of various complex working conditions, not only can ensure the strength of the cutting edge, but also can ensure the cutting process to be light and fast, metal chips can smoothly flow away on the rake face, the friction is reduced, the cutting force is reduced, and the anti-edge-breaking performance is improved.
Compare in traditional single rake angle and double rake angle structure, this embodiment is through the compound method of three rake angles and four rake angles, smooth transition as far as each section, make the cutting edge satisfy the sharpness again or satisfy intensity again under the prerequisite that satisfies the sharpness requirement earlier under the prerequisite that satisfies the intensity requirement, the smooth transition of cutting edge has increased the area of contact of iron fillings with the rake face, frictional resistance has been reduced simultaneously, the high temperature high pressure of iron fillings makes heat transfer and power transmission more even at the in-process through the contact, thereby the anti tipping nature and the wearability of cutting edge have been improved.
Example 1:
taking the example of the triple rake angle compound cutting edge, as shown in fig. 1 and 2, the triple rake angle compound cutting edge comprises six parts, namely a rake face one 1, a circular arc transition face R1 between the rake face one 1 and the rake face two 2, a circular arc transition face R2 between the rake face two 2 and the rake face three 3, and a circular arc transition face R3 between the rake face three 3 and the bottom of the chip breaker groove. The included angle between the first front corner face 1 and the horizontal plane 10 is 5 degrees, the included angle between the second front corner face 2 and the horizontal plane 10 is 11 degrees, the included angle between the third front corner face 3 and the horizontal plane 10 is 15 degrees, the included angle between the first front corner face 1 and the second front corner face 2 is 174 degrees, the included angle between the second front corner face 2 and the third front corner face 3 is 176 degrees, the included angle between the first front corner face 1 and the rear knife face 20 is 85 degrees, L is 0.54mm, H is 0.11mm, the first front corner face 1 is 0.066mm, the second front corner face 2 is 0.055mm, the third front corner face 3 is 0.19mm long, and the arc radiuses of the three arc transition faces are 1mm, 1mm and 0.5mm respectively.
Example 2:
taking an example of the quad-rake compound cutting edge, as shown in fig. 3, the quad-rake compound cutting edge comprises eight parts, namely a rake face one 1, a circular arc transition face R1 between the rake face one 1 and the rake face two 2, a circular arc transition face R2 between the rake face two 2 and the rake face three 3, a circular arc transition face R3 between the rake face three 3 and the fourth rake face, and a circular arc transition face R4 between the fourth rake face and the bottom of the chip breaker groove. The included angle between the first front corner face 1 and the horizontal plane 10 is 18 degrees, the included angle between the second front corner face 2 and the horizontal plane 10 is 12 degrees, the included angle between the third front corner face 3 and the horizontal plane 10 is 8 degrees, the included angle between the fourth front corner face and the horizontal plane 10 is 3 degrees, the included angle between the first front corner face 1 and the second front corner face 2 is 174 degrees, the included angle between the second front corner face 2 and the third front corner face 3 is 176 degrees, the included angle between the third front corner face 3 and the fourth front corner face is 175 degrees, the included angle between the first front corner face 1 and the rear cutter face 20 is 72 degrees, L is 1.18mm, H is 0.23mm, the first front corner face 1 is 0.376mm long, the second front corner face 2 is 0.076mm long, the third front corner face 3 is 0.159mm long, the fourth front corner face is 0.165mm long, and the arc radiuses of four arc transition faces are 2mm, 0.5mm, 0.5mm and 0.5mm respectively.
The foregoing detailed description of the embodiments of the present application has been presented, and specific examples have been applied in the present application to explain the principles and implementations of the present application, and the above description of the embodiments is only used to help understand the method and the core ideas of the present application; meanwhile, for a person skilled in the art, according to the idea of the present application, there may be variations in the specific embodiments and the application scope, and in summary, the content of the present specification should not be construed as a limitation to the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A sharp high strength cutting edge structure which characterized in that: comprises a horizontal plane, a bottom surface of a chip breaking groove, a front rake face group and a rear rake face;
wherein the horizontal plane and the bottom surface of the chip breaker are arranged in parallel; the horizontal plane, the bottom surface of the chip breaking groove and the front rake angle surface group are sequentially arranged and are in smooth transition through an arc line; the rear cutter face is positioned between the horizontal plane and the front angle face group; the horizontal plane is vertical to the rear cutter face.
2. A sharp, high strength cutting edge structure according to claim 1, wherein: the set of rake faces comprises at least three rake faces; the three front corner faces are in smooth transition, and the included angles between two adjacent front corner faces are sequentially increased.
3. A sharp, high strength cutting edge structure according to claim 2, wherein: the front rake face group comprises a front rake face I, a front rake face II and a front rake face III which are arranged between the horizontal plane and the bottom surface of the chip breaker and are smoothly transited by arcs in sequence.
4. A sharp, high strength cutting edge structure according to claim 3, wherein: an included angle between the rear cutter face and the front rake face I is delta, and delta is more than or equal to 70 degrees and less than or equal to 87 degrees; the included angle between the first front angle surface and the horizontal plane is alpha, and alpha is more than 25 degrees and more than 0 degree.
5. The sharp, high strength cutting edge structure of claim 4, wherein: the included angle between the first front corner face and the second front corner face is theta, and theta is larger than 180 degrees and larger than or equal to 165 degrees; the included angle between the second front angle surface and the horizontal plane is beta, and the angle is more than 25 degrees and more than beta and more than alpha and more than 0 degrees.
6. The sharp, high strength cutting edge structure of claim 5, wherein: the included angle between the second front angle and the third front angle is omega, and the angle is more than 180 degrees and more than omega and more than or equal to 165 degrees; the included angle between the third front angle surface and the horizontal plane is gamma, and the included angle is more than 25 degrees, more than gamma, more than beta, more than alpha and more than 0 degree.
7. The sharp, high strength cutting edge structure of claim 5, wherein: the sum of the projection lengths of the first front angle surface, the second front angle surface and the third front angle surface in the horizontal direction is L, and L is more than 0.2mm and less than 4.2 mm.
8. The sharp, high strength cutting edge structure of claim 5, wherein: the sum of the projection lengths of the front corner face I, the front corner face II and the front corner face III in the vertical direction is H, and H is more than 0.1mm and less than 5.4 mm.
9. A sharp high strength cutting edge structure according to any one of claims 3 to 6 wherein: the included angle between the front angle III and the front angle surface IV is omega, and the included angle is more than 180 degrees, namely rho is more than omega and more than or equal to 165 degrees; the included angle between the front corner surface four and the horizontal plane is v, and 25 degrees is larger than v, larger than gamma, larger than beta, and larger than alpha, and larger than 0 degrees.
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| CN202110568227.6A CN113275605A (en) | 2021-05-25 | 2021-05-25 | Sharp high strength cutting edge structure |
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| CN202110568227.6A CN113275605A (en) | 2021-05-25 | 2021-05-25 | Sharp high strength cutting edge structure |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1554504A (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2004-12-15 | 株洲硬质合金集团有限公司 | Cutting tip |
| JP2008194793A (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2008-08-28 | Tungaloy Corp | Throw-away tip and throw-away type rotary cutting tool using the same |
| CN207402125U (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-05-25 | 台州市锐安硬质合金工具有限公司 | A kind of roughing turning insert |
| CN109365846A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-02-22 | 株洲钻石切削刀具股份有限公司 | A kind of index lathe paring blade |
| CN110449649A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-11-15 | 株洲华锐精密工具股份有限公司 | Become anterior angle milling cutting insert |
-
2021
- 2021-05-25 CN CN202110568227.6A patent/CN113275605A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1554504A (en) * | 2003-12-25 | 2004-12-15 | 株洲硬质合金集团有限公司 | Cutting tip |
| JP2008194793A (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2008-08-28 | Tungaloy Corp | Throw-away tip and throw-away type rotary cutting tool using the same |
| CN207402125U (en) * | 2017-10-31 | 2018-05-25 | 台州市锐安硬质合金工具有限公司 | A kind of roughing turning insert |
| CN109365846A (en) * | 2018-11-23 | 2019-02-22 | 株洲钻石切削刀具股份有限公司 | A kind of index lathe paring blade |
| CN110449649A (en) * | 2019-08-15 | 2019-11-15 | 株洲华锐精密工具股份有限公司 | Become anterior angle milling cutting insert |
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