CN113275378B - Slow-release carbon-releasing gel matrix and soil remediation method - Google Patents
Slow-release carbon-releasing gel matrix and soil remediation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN113275378B CN113275378B CN202010100905.1A CN202010100905A CN113275378B CN 113275378 B CN113275378 B CN 113275378B CN 202010100905 A CN202010100905 A CN 202010100905A CN 113275378 B CN113275378 B CN 113275378B
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- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/10—Reclamation of contaminated soil microbiologically, biologically or by using enzymes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
- B09C—RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
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Abstract
The invention discloses a slow-release carbon-releasing gel matrix and a soil remediation method. The sustained-release carbon-releasing gel matrix comprises: 30 to 40 parts by weight of coconut oil, 5 to 10 parts by weight of lecithin, 2 to 5 parts by weight of surfactant, 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of gelling agent and 40 to 50 parts by weight of water. The slow-release carbon-releasing gel matrix can stay in soil pores of a target polluted area, and a water-permeable biological remediation wall is formed in a drug injection area.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a gel matrix and a soil remediation method, in particular to a slow-release carbon-releasing gel matrix and a soil remediation method.
Background
Chlorine-containing organic solvents are widely used in degreasing, electronic component cleaning, dry cleaning and other industrial manufacturing processes, and are often improperly managed and disposed, so that the chlorine-containing organic solvents leak out to become common heavy non-aqueous phase contaminants (DNAPL) in groundwater, and since the heavy non-aqueous phase contaminants are heavier than water and are not or only slightly soluble in water, the heavy non-aqueous phase contaminants form an independent liquid phase after entering the groundwater layer, and Trichloroethylene (TCE) is the most representative chlorine-containing organic solvent at home and abroad. Once leakage of trichloroethylene occurs, it may be exposed to the environment through various routes such as drinking water, causing serious health hazards to the adjacent people.
In order to solve the above-mentioned pollution problem, studies have been made to develop remediation techniques for treating DNAPL-contaminated groundwater by using trichloroethylene as a target pollutant. For example, the use of chemical reduction, nanotechnology and microbial applications in bioremediation to degrade organic pollutants containing chlorine in the environment has been studied and applied for decades, wherein the bioremediation process (biornediation) which is a green remediation is an environmentally friendly and fast technique, and is applied to the in-situ degradation of environmental pollutants mainly provides biodegradable organic matrix compositions for the in-situ microbes to assist the microbes in decomposing the pollutants, so that the remediation cost can be relatively reduced compared with the physical and chemical remediation process, the operation is easy and the social acceptance is easy, and meanwhile, the degradation process of bioremediation process is free from the concern of secondary damage to the environment caused by the transformation of pollutant types such as chemical precipitation and the generation of a large amount of harmful sludge.
However, the existing bioremediation method does not address the polluted site with fast groundwater flow speed, and thus the bioremediation effect cannot be continuously generated. Therefore, there is a need to provide a sustained-release carbon-releasing gel matrix and a soil remediation method to solve the problems of the prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the present invention provides a sustained-release carbon-releasing gel matrix and a soil remediation method, so as to solve the problem that in the prior art, no remediation effect can be continuously generated due to the fact that no pollution site with a high groundwater flow speed exists.
The invention aims to provide a slow-release carbon-releasing gel matrix and a soil remediation method, wherein the slow-release carbon-releasing gel matrix can stay among soil pores of a target polluted area by using a specific oil product and a specific gel, and a water-permeable bioremediation wall is formed in a drug injection area. The method not only can effectively and continuously release carbon in the polluted area for the utilization of microorganisms capable of degrading pollutants, but also can block and limit residual pollutants and prevent the residual pollutants from continuously moving to a saturated aquifer.
To achieve the above objects, the present invention provides a sustained-release carbon-releasing gel matrix comprising: 30 to 40 parts by weight of coconut oil; 5 to 10 parts by weight of lecithin; 2 to 5 parts by weight of a surfactant; 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of a gelling agent; and 40 to 50 parts by weight of water.
In one embodiment of the invention, the lecithin comprises soy lecithin.
In one embodiment of the invention, the gelling agent comprises at least one of gelatin, agar, and carageenan.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the sustained-release carbon-releasing gel matrix further comprises 0.1 to 1 part by weight of sodium lactate.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the sustained-release carbon-releasing gel matrix further comprises 0.1 to 1 part by weight of a vitamin.
To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a soil remediation method, comprising the steps of: providing a sustained release carbon-releasing gel matrix according to any of the embodiments described above; and injecting the slow-release carbon-release gel matrix into soil to be remediated.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the step of providing the sustained-release carbon-releasing gel matrix comprises: mixing 30 to 40 parts by weight of coconut oil, 5 to 10 parts by weight of lecithin, 2 to 5 parts by weight of a surfactant and 40 to 50 parts by weight of water to form an emulsion; adding 0.1 to 0.5 weight part of gelling agent into the emulsion to form a pretreatment liquid; and uniformly mixing the pretreatment liquid to form the slow-release carbon-releasing gel matrix.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the step of providing uniform mixing includes uniformly mixing the pretreatment liquid through a homogenizing device at a rotation speed of 10000 to 15000 RPM.
Compared with the prior art, the slow-release carbon-releasing gel matrix and the soil remediation method of the invention use specific oil and gel to enable the slow-release carbon-releasing gel matrix to stay among soil pores of a target polluted area and form a water-permeable bioremediation wall in a drug injection area. The method not only can effectively and continuously release carbon in the polluted area for the utilization of microorganisms capable of degrading pollutants, but also can block and limit residual pollutants and prevent the residual pollutants from continuously moving to a saturated aquifer. Therefore, the invention can solve the problem that the prior art cannot continuously generate the remediation effect because the polluted site with high groundwater flow speed is not available.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below:
drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a soil remediation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the analysis results of example 1.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments refers to the accompanying drawings for illustrating the specific embodiments in which the invention may be practiced. Furthermore, directional phrases used herein, such as, for example, upper, lower, top, bottom, front, rear, left, right, inner, outer, lateral, peripheral, central, horizontal, lateral, vertical, longitudinal, axial, radial, uppermost or lowermost, etc., refer only to the orientation of the attached drawings. Accordingly, the directional terms used are used for explanation and understanding of the present invention, and are not used for limiting the present invention.
The sustained-release carbon-releasing gel matrix according to an embodiment of the present invention comprises: 30 to 40 parts by weight of coconut oil; 5 to 10 parts by weight of lecithin; 2 to 5 parts by weight of a surfactant; 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of a gelling agent; and 40 to 50 parts by weight of water. In one embodiment, the coconut oil is, for example, edible, commercially available coconut oil or used, waste edible oil. Coconut oil is an edible oil, and when the edible oil is injected into soil in an emulsified form, the liquid drops are fine and uniform, so that the edible oil is easier to diffuse among different types of soil pores. When edible oil is injected into underground aquifers, triglyceride hydrolyzes glycerol (alcohols) and Long-Chain Fatty Acids (LCFAs) through anaerobic fermentation, and glycerol is rapidly decomposed or stimulates microorganisms when it exists in soil because it is biodegradable and easily soluble in water. Thus, coconut oil is primarily used as a carbon source to provide microbes to the soil being remediated. On the other hand, coconut oil itself is temperature sensitive, and crystallization and solidification start to occur at temperatures below 24 ℃. Therefore, by utilizing the phase transition characteristic of coconut oil due to temperature difference, the sustained-release carbon-releasing gel matrix agent of an embodiment of the present invention can be transported in the underground environment and effectively stay between soil pores of the contaminated area. In another embodiment, the coconut oil can be, for example, 31, 32, 33, 34, 35, 36, 37, 38, or 39 parts by weight.
In one embodiment, the lecithin may comprise soy lecithin. In another embodiment, the lecithin may be, for example, 6, 7, 8, or 9 parts by weight. Lecithin can be used as a surfactant.
In one embodiment, the surfactant is primarily effective as an emulsified oil. In one example, the surfactant is, for example, a commercially available surfactant (e.g., SIMPLE GREEN, brand name, available from SUNSHINE MAKERS, inc.). In another embodiment, the surfactant may be, for example, 3, 3.5, 4, or 4.5 parts by weight.
In one embodiment, the gelling agent comprises at least one of gelatin, agar, and carageenan. In one example, the gelling agent is agar. Agar (arga) is a natural polymer gel, and when the temperature is lowered, the agar has a polymer network structure dispersed in a chain shape, and the dispersion medium water is completely contained in the network structure, so that a non-flowing semisolid gel state is formed. However, it is worth mentioning that the gelatin and carageenan also have similar effects. In another embodiment, the gelling agent may be, for example, 0.2, 0.3, or 0.4 parts by weight.
In one embodiment, water is used primarily as a solvent to form a solution state for the sustained release carbon gel matrix. In another embodiment, the water may be, for example, 41, 42, 43, 44, 45, 46, 47, 48, or 49 parts by weight.
In one embodiment, the sustained release carbon-releasing gel matrix further comprises 0.1 to 1 part by weight of sodium lactate. Sodium lactate may be used as an auxiliary biological carbon source to provide microorganisms to the soil to be remediated. In another embodiment, sodium lactate may be, for example, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, or 0.9 parts by weight.
In one embodiment, the sustained-release carbon-releasing gel matrix further comprises 0.1 to 1 part by weight of a vitamin. Vitamins can be used as micronutrients to provide microorganisms to the soil to be remediated. In another embodiment, the vitamin may be, for example, 0.2, 0.3, 0.4, 0.5, 0.6, 0.7, 0.8, or 0.9 parts by weight.
It should be noted that the sustained-release carbon gel matrix of the embodiment of the present invention is at least a combination of the specific oil (e.g. coconut oil) and the gelling agent, so that the sustained-release carbon gel matrix can stay between soil pores in the contaminated area continuously, thereby improving the problem of matrix loss caused by faster groundwater flow rate, forming a permeable bioremediation wall, and continuously and slowly releasing a carbon source for local microorganism utilization, and reducing the injection cost.
It should be further noted that the sustained-release carbon-releasing gel matrix of the embodiment of the present invention is at least prepared by using specific compositions in specific proportions, so that the sustained-release carbon-releasing gel matrix can be continuously retained between soil pores in a contaminated area, thereby improving the problem of matrix loss caused by fast groundwater flow rate. Subsequent experimental results demonstrate that significant amounts of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) can be released continuously even when 15 Pore Volumes (PV) of water have been displaced. The above results show that the gel matrix can effectively stay in the soil pores, is not easy to lose due to the over-high water flow speed, can continuously release a carbon source in the in-situ environment for the growth of in-situ microorganisms, and is suitable for high-flow-rate sites to reduce the loss of the medicament and reduce the cost.
Referring to fig. 1, a soil remediation method 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention mainly includes the following steps 11 to 12: providing a sustained release carbon-releasing gel matrix according to any one of the embodiments of the present invention (step 11); and injecting the sustained-release carbon-releasing gel matrix into soil to be remediated (step 12).
In one embodiment, the step of providing the sustained release carbon-releasing gel matrix comprises: mixing 30 to 40 parts by weight of coconut oil, 5 to 10 parts by weight of lecithin, 2 to 5 parts by weight of a surfactant and 40 to 50 parts by weight of water to form an emulsion; adding 0.1 to 0.5 weight part of gelling agent into the emulsion to form a pretreatment liquid; and uniformly mixing the pretreatment liquid to form the slow-release carbon-releasing gel matrix. In one example, the uniformly mixing step includes uniformly mixing the pretreatment liquid through a homogenizing device (e.g., a commercially available homogenizer) at a rotation speed of 10000 to 15000 RPM.
An example is given below to illustrate that the sustained release carbon-releasing gel matrix of the present invention can indeed stay between soil pores of a target contaminated area.
Example 1:
first, 30 to 40 parts by weight of coconut oil, 5 to 10 parts by weight of lecithin (e.g., soybean lecithin), 2 to 5 parts by weight of a surfactant (e.g., SIMPLE GREEN brand surfactant, available from SUNSHINE MAKERS), and 40 to 50 parts by weight of water are mixed to form an emulsion. Then, 0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of a gelling agent (e.g., agar) is added to the emulsion to form a pre-treatment liquid. Uniformly mixing the pretreatment liquid by a homogenizing device at a rotation speed of 10000 to 15000RPM (e.g. 12000 RPM) to form the sustained-release carbon-releasing gel matrix.
And then, injecting the slow-release carbon-releasing gel matrix into soil to be treated, and measuring the release relation between the water replacement degree and the total organic carbon by using a commercially available instrument. The results of the analysis are shown in fig. 2, where C0 refers to the initial total organic carbon concentration and C refers to the total organic carbon concentration after displacement of various pore volumes. As can be seen from fig. 2, when the water body has replaced 15 Pore Volumes (PV), a large amount of Total Organic Carbon (TOC) can be continuously released, which indicates that the gel matrix can effectively stay in the soil pores, is not easy to be lost due to the excessive water flow speed, can continuously release carbon source in the local environment for the growth of local microorganisms, and is suitable for high-flow-rate sites to reduce the loss of the medicament and reduce the cost.
The present invention has been described in relation to the above embodiments, which are only exemplary of the implementation of the present invention. It must be noted that the disclosed embodiments do not limit the scope of the invention. Rather, modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the claims are included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (4)
1. A sustained-release carbon-releasing gel matrix is characterized in that: the sustained-release carbon-releasing gel matrix comprises: 30 to 40 parts by weight of coconut oil;
5 to 10 parts by weight of lecithin;
2 to 5 parts by weight of a surfactant;
0.1 to 0.5 parts by weight of a gelling agent; and
40 to 50 parts by weight of water
Wherein the lecithin comprises a soybean lecithin,
the gel comprises at least one of gelatin, agar and carrageenin,
the sustained-release carbon-releasing gel matrix further comprises 0.1 to 1 part by weight of sodium lactate, and
the sustained-release carbon-releasing gel matrix further comprises 0.1 to 1 part by weight of vitamin.
2. A soil remediation method, characterized in that: the soil remediation method comprises the steps of:
providing a sustained release carbon-releasing gel matrix according to claim 1; and
injecting the slow-release carbon-release gel matrix into soil to be remediated.
3. The soil remediation method of claim 2 wherein: the step of providing the sustained release carbon-releasing gel matrix comprises:
mixing 30 to 40 parts by weight of coconut oil, 5 to 10 parts by weight of lecithin, 2 to 5 parts by weight of a surfactant and 40 to 50 parts by weight of water to form an emulsion;
adding 0.1 to 0.5 weight part of gelling agent into the emulsion to form a pretreatment liquid; and
and uniformly mixing the pretreatment solution to form the slow-release carbon-releasing gel matrix.
4. The soil remediation method of claim 3 wherein: the step of providing the uniform mixing includes uniformly mixing the pretreatment liquid through a homogenizing device at a rotation speed of 10000 to 15000 RPM.
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| DE4231363A1 (en) * | 1992-09-18 | 1994-03-24 | Klaus Prof Dr Ing Poeppinghaus | Forming temporary barriers to ground water preventing leaching of pollutants from contaminated areas - by oxidn of iron and/or manganese cpds in situ to clog soil pores |
| US5782580A (en) * | 1996-10-15 | 1998-07-21 | Atlantic Richfield Company | Soil remediation method |
| JP2004275823A (en) * | 2003-03-13 | 2004-10-07 | Neos Co Ltd | Solid composition for biological repair of contaminated soil |
| JP4428125B2 (en) * | 2004-04-22 | 2010-03-10 | パナソニック株式会社 | Pollution purification method |
| TWI398310B (en) * | 2010-01-28 | 2013-06-11 | Univ Nat Sun Yat Sen | Degradable and slow-releasing material for enhancing chemical oxidation of contaminated soil and groundwater |
| WO2016170563A1 (en) * | 2015-04-24 | 2016-10-27 | パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 | Composition for microorganisms |
| TWI583431B (en) * | 2015-07-23 | 2017-05-21 | 國立中山大學 | Treatment method of dioxin-containing soils |
| TWI616409B (en) * | 2015-11-19 | 2018-03-01 | 裕山環境工程股份有限公司 | Emulsive composition and method of preparing the same |
| TWI677473B (en) * | 2018-07-04 | 2019-11-21 | 捷博科技股份有限公司 | Emulsive composition for treating chlorine-containing organic pollutants |
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