CN113270117B - Method for identifying noise-sensitive people by combining noise annoying response - Google Patents
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- G10L25/00—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00
- G10L25/48—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00 specially adapted for particular use
- G10L25/51—Speech or voice analysis techniques not restricted to a single one of groups G10L15/00 - G10L21/00 specially adapted for particular use for comparison or discrimination
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for identifying noise-sensitive people by combining noise annoying responses, which is characterized in that a noise susceptibility value to be tested is obtained by using a noise susceptibility scale, and a threshold for distinguishing high-sensitivity and low-sensitivity noise people can be determined by combining a noise annoying hearing test, so that the problem of identifying the noise-sensitive people is solved. Because the noise sensitivity is a stable personality characteristic and is irrelevant to the noise type and the exposure intensity, after the threshold for distinguishing the high-sensitivity and low-sensitivity crowds of the noise is determined, a noise annoying listening experiment is not required to be carried out, and whether an individual belongs to the high-sensitivity crowd of the noise can be quickly judged according to whether the noise sensitivity value of the individual exceeds the threshold.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of psychoacoustics, environmental acoustics and crowd health, in particular to a method for identifying noise-sensitive crowds by combining noise annoying responses.
Background
Noise is a common environmental stress source that can easily induce adverse psychological reactions (e.g., annoyance) that can negatively affect the body. There is a bias in the level of annoyance of different individuals to the same noise, which difference may be due in part to the noise sensitivity of the individuals.
Noise susceptibility was defined by many scholars, who were first defined by Anderson in 1971 as a negative attitude to various types of noise, and who were viewed by Job as an internal state that increased the individual's negative response to noise, with respect to physiology, psychology (including attitude), lifestyle, and activity being undertaken. Research shows that noise sensitivity is relatively stable personality traits, has no obvious correlation with noise types and exposure intensity, and under the same noise exposure, the perception annoyance degree of individuals with higher noise sensitivity is higher.
At present, the relation between physiological signals and noise sensitivity is not established, and the individual noise sensitivity degree is usually evaluated by a self-rating scale (such as a Weinstein noise sensitivity scale, a LEF noise sensitivity scale, a 5-grade descriptive rating scale and the like). Among the noise sensitivity scales, the reliability and validity of Weinstein noise sensitivity scales in different language versions such as german, japanese, chinese, etc. have been recognized and are widely used in both social acoustics research and laboratory research.
The grouping of noise-sensitive people varies from student to student. Kishikawa et al equally divides the test into high-sensitivity and low-sensitivity population with noise or high-sensitivity, medium-sensitivity and low-sensitivity population from high to low according to the score of the self-rating scale of the test subject. Belojevic et al identified the subjects with scores higher than the upper limit, within the interval and lower than the lower limit as high, medium and low noise sensitive persons, respectively, based on the upper and lower limits of the interval (Mean-SD, Mean + SD) where the Mean value of the scores of the subject self-rating scale + -standard deviation is located. Based on the two noise-sensitive crowd grouping methods, different researches show that the noise annoyance degree of the high-sensitive crowd and the interference degree of the noise on work, communication and sleep are obviously higher than those of the low-sensitive crowd. The Schreckenberg et al research shows that the noise sensitivity is obviously related to olfactory sensitivity, touch sensitivity, taste sensitivity and the like. The high-sensitivity feeling crowd showing higher psychological and physiological reactions to the sense stimulus such as smell, touch, taste and the like accounts for about 10 to 35 percent. Therefore, Weinstein et al identified individuals as being high-and low-noise-sensitive by referring to the proportion of the population that is perceived as being highly sensitive, the first X% and the last X% (e.g., 25%, 30%, etc.) of the score of the scale tested. The three noise-sensitive population grouping methods do not distinguish the ages, sexes and occupations of individuals, and are directly grouped according to the relative size of the tested noise sensitivity value, and are not grouped by combining the noise response (such as noise annoyance degree, language interference, sleep interference and the like) differences of individuals with different noise sensitivity degrees. Therefore, there is a need to identify noise sensitive people in combination with individual noise annoying responses. Relevant documents and patent searches show that no relevant methods are reported at home and abroad.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for identifying noise-sensitive people by combining noise annoyance reaction.
A method of identifying noise sensitive people in combination with noise annoyance responses, comprising the steps of:
1) randomly recruiting a subject with normal hearing, and obtaining a noise sensitivity value of the individual by using a noise sensitivity scale, wherein the value interval is [ a, b ];
2) dividing the tested objects into C groups from low to high according to the tested noise sensitivity value and by taking deltad as an interval, wherein the tested groups are numbered as j, j is 1, 2, 3, …, C-1, C;
3) selecting a plurality of noise samples, developing a noise annoyance listening experiment aiming at the tested object in the step 1), and calculating an annoyance average value of each group of tested objects to a single noise sample;
4) adopting a matched sample t for testing, starting from the group C with the highest noise sensitivity, respectively testing the noise perception annoyance difference between the tested group and any tested group of the rest groups, and judging whether the tested group j belongs to a group with high noise sensitivity according to a test result;
5) based on the step 4), if the f +1 th to C th groups of tested persons with high noise sensitivity degree are judged to be high noise sensitivity groups, further analyzing whether the tested persons with the noise sensitivity values higher than the boundary value of the noise sensitivity value interval in the f group of tested persons belong to the high noise sensitivity groups or not;
6) based on the boundary values in the step 5), classifying the tested subjects with noise sensitivity values larger than or equal to the boundary value in all tested subjects participating in the experiment into a more noise sensitive group, classifying the tested subjects with noise sensitivity values smaller than the boundary value into a less noise sensitive group, and calculating the arithmetic mean of the difference values between all the noise sample perception annoyance degree groups (the more noise sensitive group and the less noise sensitive group)
Wherein, the boundary value is preferably the middle value of the f group noise sensitivity interval;
7) obtaining an arithmetic mean of differences between groups of noise perception annoyances (more noise sensitive and less noise sensitive) over a range of noise levels of noise samples
8) Will be provided with
And
comparing with the level difference of the noise annoyance degree in the noise annoyance digital level scale (namely, the annoyance degree difference between adjacent levels), judging whether the tested group f tested with the noise sensitivity value higher than the demarcation value in the step 5) is classified as a high-noise sensitive group, and determining a threshold value for distinguishing the high-noise sensitive group from the low-noise sensitive group.
Preferably, in step 1), the test is performed by college students, the number of effective test persons needs to meet the statistical requirement, and the noise sensitivity scale is preferably a Weinstein noise sensitivity scale with 21 questions. In the Weinstein noise susceptibility scale of title 21, a 6-point lierter scale is used for all questions, with 7 questions scored forward, 14 questions scored backward, with the "totally agreed" score being 1 and the "totally disapproved" score being 6 for forward scoring and vice versa. The sum of the option scores of the subjects for 21 questions is the individual noise sensitivity value (NSS). The noise sensitivity value ranges from 21 to 126, and the larger the value is, the more sensitive the tested object is to noise is.
Preferably, in step 2), the grouping manner is specifically:
the tested objects with noise sensitivity values smaller than r are combined into a group, the value intervals of the tested noise sensitivity values of each group are [ a, r), [ r, r + delta d ], [ r + delta d, r +2 delta d ], …, [ r + (C-4) delta d, r + (C-3) delta d ], [ r + (C-3) delta d, r + (C-2) delta d ], and [ r + (C-2) delta d, b ], and the tested numbers of the groups are j, j-1, 2, 3, …, C-1 and C.
And combining the testees with the noise sensitivity value less than r into one group to ensure that the number of the testees in each group meets the statistical requirement.
Preferably, in step 3), the calculation method specifically includes:
according to
Calculating the average value MA of the annoyance degree of each group of tested objects to a single noise sample;
in the formula, i is the annoyance level in the noise annoyance digital level scale, and niTo select the number of examinees of the ith level.
Further preferably, the noise sample is standard noise or real environment noise, preferably loudness level (L)N) The range covers 30 phon-95 phon, pink noise samples with equal interval loudness level, and the number of sound samples is more than 7; the noise nuisance rating scale is the 11-level rating scale given by ISO 15666-2003.
Preferably, in step 4), the method for determining that the jth group of people tested to be highly noise-sensitive is specifically as follows:
if the significance p of the noise perception annoyance of the jth group of tested persons and any group of tested persons in the jth + 1-C groups is larger than a preset value, preferably p is greater than 0.05 and has no obvious difference, and the significance p of the noise perception annoyance of at least one group of tested persons in the jth-1 groups is smaller than the preset value, preferably p is less than 0.05 and has obvious difference, the jth group of tested persons is judged to be a high-noise sensitive crowd;
if the C groups of tested people are not judged as the high-noise sensitive people, the grouping interval delta d of the noise sensitivity value is further reduced, the C groups of tested people are grouped again, and then the high-noise sensitive people are judged through the step 4).
Under the condition that the tested numbers of each group meet the statistical requirement, the threshold for distinguishing the high-sensitivity population from the low-sensitivity population of the noise can be more accurately determined by reducing the grouping interval delta d of the noise sensitivity value and utilizing the noise-sensitive population identification method provided by the research.
Preferably, in step 6),
the solving process is specifically as follows:
according to
Finding the difference Δ MA between all (q total) noise samples' perceptual annoyance valuesxIs arithmetic mean of
In the formula, q is the number of noise samples, x is the serial number of the noise samples, and Δ MAxThe difference between groups (between more noise-sensitive and less sensitive groups) that is the perceived annoyance of sample x.
Preferably, in step 7),
the calculation process of (a) is specifically:
using logic functions
Comparing the acoustic factor AF of a sample to a more sensitive set of noise and lessRespectively fitting the noise perception annoyances of the sensitive groups to be tested according to the noise perception annoyances
Calculating the shadow area S between two fitting lines in the sound level range (l, h) of the experimental samplel，hFinally, the area S is determinedl，hDivided by (h-l) to give
In the formula, k and m are undetermined coefficients, l and h are respectively the lower limit and the upper limit of an AF interval of the acoustic factor of the experimental sample, and MAhigh(AF)、MAlow(AF) is a logically fitted function of the sample acoustic factor AF with the perceived annoyance of the more and less noise sensitive groups, respectively.
Wherein the acoustic factor AF is preferably a continuous equivalent A sound level LAeqOr loudness level LN。
Preferably, in step 8), the method for determining whether the test with the f-th group of tested test with the noise sensitivity value higher than the boundary value of the noise sensitivity value interval is classified as a high-noise-sensitivity group and the threshold value is specifically as follows:
if it is
And
if the noise sensitivity values are larger than the annoyance level difference, classifying the tested persons with the f group of tested noise sensitivity values higher than the cut-off value (namely the middle value of the f group of noise sensitivity value interval) as the high-sensitivity noise crowd, and taking the cut-off value of the f group of noise sensitivity value interval as the threshold value for identifying the high-sensitivity noise crowd and the low-sensitivity noise crowd; otherwise, the f-th group of tested people are classified as population with low noise sensitivity, and the upper limit value of the f-th group of noise sensitivity value interval is used as the threshold value for identifying population with high noise sensitivity and population with low noise sensitivity.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the method utilizes the noise sensitivity scale to obtain the noise sensitivity value of a tested person, and combines a noise annoying hearing test to determine a threshold value for distinguishing high-sensitivity and low-sensitivity noise crowds; because the noise sensitivity is a stable personality characteristic and is irrelevant to the noise type and the exposure intensity, after the threshold for distinguishing the high-sensitivity and low-sensitivity crowds of the noise is determined, a noise annoying listening experiment is not required to be carried out, and whether an individual belongs to the high-sensitivity crowd of the noise can be quickly judged according to whether the noise sensitivity value of the individual exceeds the threshold.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for identifying noise-sensitive people in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a self-evaluation of noise sensitivity of a test subject in a noise-annoying listening test according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an average of perceived annoyances of each set of pink noise samples tested in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph illustrating the difference in noise annoyance between a more noise sensitive group and a less sensitive group in an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a method of identifying noise-sensitive people in conjunction with a noise-annoying response, comprising:
269 students with normal hearing were first randomly recruited for compensation as experimental subjects (124 males, 145 females, 22 ± 2 years old). Prior to the noise-annoying hearing test, the test was completed with a Weinstein noise sensitivity scale of 21 points (see table 1). A6-point Likter scale is adopted for 21 questions of the scale, wherein forward scoring is adopted for 7 questions, reverse scoring is adopted for 14 questions, the assignment of 'complete agreement' is 1 and the assignment of 'complete disagreement' is 6 during forward scoring, and vice versa during reverse scoring. The sum of the option scores of the subjects to 21 questions is the noise sensitivity value (NSS) of the individual. The noise sensitivity value ranges from 21 to 126, and the larger the value is, the more sensitive the tested object is to noise is.
TABLE 1 Weinstein noise susceptibility scale
The self-assessed results of the tested noise susceptibility are shown in FIG. 2. As can be seen from FIG. 2, the number of subjects with different noise sensitivity values is normally distributed. According to the noise sensitivity value of the tested object, delta d is 10, r is 70, the tested object is divided into 7 groups, and the noise sensitivity value intervals of each group are [21,70 ], [70,80 ], [80,90 ], …, [110,120 ], [120,126 ].
Selecting a loudness level (L)N) 14 pink noise samples with 30 phon-95 phon and 5phon interval, carrying out the noise perception vexation experiment. The experiment was carried out using the 11-grade numerical rating scale given in ISO 15666-2003 (see Table 2). The average (MA) of the annoyances of each group of subjects to a single noise sample is calculated.
Table 211 level numerical rating scale
The average annoyance of each set of pink noise samples tested is shown in fig. 3. As can be seen from fig. 3, the tested groups 6 and 7 have higher noise sensitivity and higher perceived annoyance of pink noise. The pink noise perception annoyance between different groups of subjects matches the sample t test results shown in table 3. As can be seen from Table 3, there was no significant difference in perceived pink noise annoyance between the 6 th and 7 th groups of subjects (p >0.05), and there was a significant difference in perceived pink noise annoyance between the 7 th group (or 6 th group) and any of the 1 st to 5 th groups of subjects (p <0.01), so the 6 th and 7 th groups of subjects could be classified as noise-sensitive persons.
TABLE 3 Pink noise perception annoyance degree paired sample t test results between different groups of subjects
In order to further analyze whether the tested objects (NSS 105-110) with higher noise sensitivity values in the 5 th tested object group (NSS 100-110) are classified as the population with high noise sensitivity, the tested objects with the noise sensitivity values more than or equal to the boundary value in all tested objects participating in the experiment are classified as the more noise sensitive group by taking the middle value (105) of the noise sensitivity value interval as the boundary value, and the tested objects with the noise sensitivity values less than the boundary value are classified as the less noise sensitive group. The difference in perceived annoyance of pink noise between the more and less sensitive groups is shown in fig. 4 and table 4. As can be seen from fig. 4 and table 4, when the noise sensitivity value 105 is used as the boundary value, i.e., the tested subjects with noise sensitivity values 21-105, 105 (inclusive) to 126 are classified as the less-sensitive-noise group and the more-sensitive-noise group, respectively, the more-sensitive-noise group and the less-sensitive-noise group
And
0.84 and 0.98, respectively, both less than 1. According to FIG. 1, will
And
both greater than 1 are used as the basis for identifying the population with high and low sensitivity to noise, and therefore the 5 th group of subjects are all classified as the population with low sensitivity to noise.
TABLE 4 mean values of perceived annoyance differences for pink noise between more and less sensitive groups of noise
In summary, the noise sensitivity value 110 can be used as a threshold for identifying high noise sensitivity (NSS ≧ 110) and low noise sensitivity (NSS < 110).
Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in the embodiments and/or modifications of the invention can be made, and equivalents and modifications of some features of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for identifying noise sensitive people in combination with noise nuisance responses, comprising the steps of:
1) randomly recruiting tested persons with normal hearing, and obtaining the noise sensitivity value of an individual by using a noise sensitivity scale, wherein the value interval is [ a, b ];
2) dividing the tested objects into C groups from low to high according to the tested noise sensitivity value and by taking deltad as an interval, wherein the tested groups are numbered as j, j is 1, 2, 3, …, C-1, C;
3) selecting a plurality of noise samples, developing a noise annoyance listening experiment aiming at the tested object in the step 1), and calculating an annoyance average value of each group of tested objects to a single noise sample;
4) adopting a matched sample t for testing, starting from the group C with the highest noise sensitivity, respectively testing the noise perception annoyance difference between the tested group and any tested group of the rest groups, and judging whether the tested group j belongs to a group with high noise sensitivity according to a test result;
5) based on the step 4), if the f +1 th to C th groups of tested persons with high noise sensitivity degree are judged to be high noise sensitivity groups, further analyzing whether the tested persons with the noise sensitivity values higher than the boundary value of the noise sensitivity value interval in the f group of tested persons belong to the high noise sensitivity groups or not;
6) based on the boundary values in the step 5), classifying the tested subjects with the noise sensitivity values more than or equal to the boundary value in all tested subjects participating in the experiment into a more noise sensitive group, classifying the tested subjects with the noise sensitivity values less than the boundary value into a less noise sensitive group, and calculating the arithmetic mean of the difference values between the perception annoyance degrees of all the noise samples
7) Obtaining an arithmetic mean of accurate noise perception annoyance level inter-group differences over a range of noise sample levels
8) Will be provided with
And
and comparing the level difference with the level difference of the noise annoyance degree in the noise annoyance digital level scale, judging whether the tested persons with the noise sensitivity value higher than the boundary value in the step 5) in the f group of tested persons belong to the high-noise-sensitivity population, and determining a threshold value for distinguishing the high-noise-sensitivity population from the low-noise-sensitivity population.
2. The method for identifying noise-sensitive people in combination with noise-annoyance response of claim 1, wherein in step 1), the noise sensitivity scale is the Weinstein noise sensitivity scale, and the problem is solved by using a 6-point liekt scale, wherein the forward scoring is performed by assigning 1 as "completely agreeing", the forward scoring is performed by assigning 6 as "completely disagreeing", and the reverse scoring is performed by the reverse scoring; the sum of scores of the tested options to all the questions is the noise sensitivity value of the individual; the larger the value, the more sensitive the test is to noise.
3. The method for identifying noise-sensitive people in combination with noise-disturbing responses according to claim 1, wherein in step 2), the grouping is specifically:
the tested objects with the noise sensitivity value smaller than r are combined into a group, and the value intervals of the tested noise sensitivity values of each group are [ a, r ], [ r, r + delta d ], [ r + delta d, r +2 delta d ], [ … ], [ r + (C-4) delta d ], [ r + (C-3) delta d ], [ r + (C-2) delta d ], and [ b + (C-2) delta d, b ].
4. The method for identifying noise-sensitive people in combination with noise-disturbing responses according to claim 1, wherein in step 3), the calculation method is specifically:
according to
Calculating the average value MA of the annoyance degree of each group of tested objects to a single noise sample;
in the formula, i is the annoyance level in the noise annoyance digital level scale, and niTo select the number of examinees of the ith level.
5. The method of claim 1 or 4, wherein the noise sample is standard noise or real environmental noise, and the noise annoyance rating scale is the 11-level rating scale given in ISO 15666-2003.
6. The method for identifying noise-sensitive people in combination with noise-disturbing responses according to claim 1, wherein the method for determining the jth group of people who are tested as noise-sensitive people in step 4) is specifically:
if the significance of the noise perception annoyance of the jth group of tested persons and any group of tested persons in the jth + 1-C groups is larger than a preset value and the significance of the noise perception annoyance of at least one group of tested persons in the 1-j-1 groups is smaller than a preset value, judging that the jth group of tested persons is a high-noise sensitive crowd;
if the C groups of tested people are not judged as the high-noise sensitive people, the grouping interval delta d of the noise sensitivity value is further reduced, the C groups of tested people are grouped again, and then the high-noise sensitive people are judged through the step 4).
7. The method for identifying noise sensitive people in combination with noise annoyance response of claim 6, wherein the predetermined value is 0.05.
8. The method for identifying noise-sensitive people in combination with noise-disturbing responses according to claim 1, wherein, in step 6),
the solving process is specifically as follows:
according to
Finding the difference between the perceived annoyances of all noise samples Δ MAxIs arithmetic mean of
In the formula, q is the number of noise samples, x is the serial number of the noise samples, and Δ MAxIs the inter-group difference of the perceived annoyance of sample x.
9. The method for identifying noise-sensitive people in combination with noise-disturbing responses according to claim 1, wherein, in step 7),
the solving process is specifically as follows:
using logic functions
Fitting the acoustic factor AF of the sample with the tested noise perception annoyances of the more sensitive group and the less sensitive group of the noise respectively, and then performing fitting according to the noise perception annoyances
Calculating the shadow area S between two fitting lines in the sound level range (l, h) of the experimental samplel,hFinally, the area S is determinedl,hDivided by (h-l) to give
In the formula, k and m are undetermined coefficients, l and h are respectively the lower limit and the upper limit of an AF interval of the acoustic factor of the experimental sample, and MAhigh(AF)、MAlow(AF) is a logically fitted function of the sample acoustic factor AF with the perceived annoyance of the more and less noise sensitive groups, respectively.
10. The method for identifying a noise-sensitive population in combination with a noise-disturbing response as claimed in claim 1, wherein in step 8), it is determined whether the test with the noise-sensitivity value higher than the cut-off value of the noise-sensitivity value interval in the f-th group of test subjects should be classified as a noise-sensitive population, and the threshold is determined by:
if it is
And
if the noise sensitivity values are all larger than the annoyance level difference, classifying the tested persons with the f group of tested persons with the noise sensitivity values higher than the boundary value into high-noise-sensitivity persons, and taking the boundary value of the f group of noise sensitivity value interval as a threshold value for identifying the high-noise-sensitivity and low-noise-sensitivity persons; otherwise, the f group of tested people are classified as the population with low noise sensitivity, and the upper limit value of the f group of noise sensitivity value interval is used as the high sensitivity and the low sensitivity of the identification noiseThreshold of sensitive population.
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