CN113267869B

CN113267869B - Large-caliber reflector lifting device capable of being automatically assembled

Info

Publication number: CN113267869B
Application number: CN202110525800.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙敬伟; 姚丽双; 陈严; 郑黎明; 邓志华
Original assignee: Shantou University
Current assignee: Shantou University
Priority date: 2021-05-14
Filing date: 2021-05-14
Publication date: 2023-05-05
Anticipated expiration: 2041-05-14
Also published as: CN113267869A

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention discloses a large-caliber reflector lifting device capable of being automatically assembled and disassembled, which mainly comprises six parts, namely a lifting semicircle (1), a main body frame (2), a motor transmission assembly (3), a reflector lifting assembly (5), a hydraulic lifting assembly (6) and a polytetrafluoroethylene pad (7), wherein the main body frame is fixed at the lower part of the lifting semicircle, the motor transmission assembly is arranged in the main body frame, the reflector lifting assembly is arranged at the lower part of the main body frame, and the hydraulic lifting assembly is arranged at the side surface of the reflector lifting assembly. The reflector lifting assembly is used for supporting the bottom of the reflector and realizing the lifting operation of the reflector. The invention can realize automatic assembly, lifting and automatic disassembly of the large-caliber reflecting mirror, and separation of the device and the reflecting mirror.

Description

Large-caliber reflector lifting device capable of being automatically assembled

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of optical instruments, in particular to a large-caliber reflector lifting device capable of being automatically assembled and disassembled.

Background

In space detection and astronomical observation, in order to improve the observation quality and the resolution, the caliber of optical detection equipment needs to be increased, and the increase of the caliber causes the problems of lifting, transporting, assembling and disassembling the reflector and the like. Many large-caliber reflectors have very limited operating space, and the process of manually drilling into the bottom of the reflector to install and detach the lifting device is a great risk. The reflector itself is very expensive in cost and heavy in weight, and is unacceptable in spite of any damage to the reflector itself and possible casualties caused by overturning, tilting, etc. of the reflector during movement. Along with the increase of caliber, the reflector becomes brittle, stress concentration phenomenon possibly occurs in the lifting and carrying process, so that the reflector is locally damaged, the damaged area is gradually enlarged, and huge economic loss is caused. Therefore, how to safely and effectively realize the lifting process of the large-caliber reflecting mirror and reduce the risk brought by people entering the bottom of the reflecting mirror as much as possible, and a large-caliber reflecting mirror lifting device capable of realizing full-automatic assembly needs to be researched, and has important value.

The existing reflector lifting device has the following characteristics: because the caliber of the reflector is increased, the lifting device is generally inserted into the outer circumference of the bottom of the reflector, and then the lifting device scattered on the outer circumference is pulled up by virtue of the frame structure, so that the reflector is lifted. The frame itself is located above the mirror and any inadvertently dropped screws, parts, etc. can cause significant damage to the mirror. Hoisting accessory at outer circumference has reached the overconstraint with a plurality of strong points, and specific strong points probably play a role, and the virtual support appears in other strong points, and local overstress probably brings the damage to the speculum bottom. The reflector is large in size and heavy in weight, the existing lifting device usually needs to be operated by a person in person, and any operation of the reflector by the person needs to be achieved by entering the bottom of the reflector to bring great potential safety hazard to operators. Once the mirror has toppled, it is life threatening. Some reflectors have a narrow bottom space, and people cannot enter the reflector, so that the operation of lifting and carrying the reflector is more difficult. In some special cases, the mirror lifted to be carried to a new position is trapped in a detached state, and a person cannot enter the mirror, so that the lifting device is only reserved at the bottom of the mirror, and huge potential safety hazards are definitely brought.

Disclosure of Invention

The technical problem to be solved by the embodiment of the invention is to provide the large-caliber reflector lifting device capable of being automatically assembled. The reflector can be safely lifted and carried, and can be automatically disassembled after the carrying and lifting process is finished without leaving the lifting device near the reflector, so that the lifting, lifting and carrying processes of the reflector with a larger caliber are realized, and a plurality of operation conditions are met.

In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides an automatically assembled large-caliber reflector lifting device, which comprises a lifting semicircle (1), a main body frame (2), a motor transmission assembly (3), a reflector lifting assembly (5) and a hydraulic lifting assembly (6), wherein the lifting semicircle (1) is fixedly connected with the upper part of the main body frame (2), the motor transmission assembly (3) is installed inside the main body frame (2) and is in transmission connection with the reflector lifting assembly (5), the reflector lifting assembly (5) is installed at the lower part of the main body frame (2), the hydraulic lifting assembly (6) is installed at the side part of the reflector lifting assembly (5), the motor transmission assembly (3) and the reflector lifting assembly (5) are in linkage swing, and the hydraulic lifting assembly (6) is in locking fit with the reflector lifting assembly (5) so as to enable the reflector lifting assembly to be positioned in the horizontal direction.

The reflector lifting assembly (5) comprises at least two groups of lifting supporting legs (5.1), a rotating shaft (516) and a synchronous pulley (5.4) which are uniformly distributed on the circumference, wherein the lifting supporting legs (5.1) are fixedly connected with the rotating shaft (5.6), and the first synchronous pulley (5.4) is fixedly arranged on the rotating shaft (5.6).

The reflector lifting assembly (5) further comprises a rotary support (5.8) rotatably connected with the rotary shaft (5.6).

The hydraulic lifting assembly (6) comprises at least two groups of hydraulic struts (6.1) uniformly distributed on the circumference, the lifting support legs (5.1) are provided with central round holes (5.5), and the hydraulic struts (6.1) are lifted to enter the central round holes (5.5) under the driving of the hydraulic cylinders to lock the rotation of the lifting support legs (5.1).

The motor transmission assembly (3) comprises a motor (3.2) and six groups of second synchronous pulleys uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, wherein the six groups of second synchronous pulleys are linked with the motor, and the second synchronous pulleys are connected with the first synchronous pulleys through synchronous belts.

Six groups of second synchronous pulleys are fixedly arranged on each transmission shaft, the transmission shafts are mutually driven through bevel gears, and the motor is in transmission connection with one or two transmission shafts.

Wherein, the motor is connected with one or two transmission shafts in a transmission way through a synchronous belt.

Wherein, polytetrafluoroethylene pad (7) is installed to reflector lift subassembly surface mounting.

The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects: according to the automatically assembled large-caliber reflector lifting device, the axial support is realized by utilizing the plurality of groups of polytetrafluoroethylene pads uniformly distributed on the circumference, the reflector is supported by the plurality of supporting points in the process of lifting the main reflector, the supporting force is uniformly dispersed, the position is reliable and stable, the local damage to the reflector caused by the stress concentration due to overlarge local stress is avoided, the dangerous working conditions such as sliding down and dumping are avoided, and the safety and the reliability in the lifting and conveying process are ensured. The free adjustment and fixing of the position of the mirror lift leg 90 can be achieved by means of the mutual co-ordination of the motor drive assembly, the mirror lift assembly and the hydraulic lift assembly. When the lifting support leg rotates to be perpendicular to the optical axis of the reflector, the reflector can be lifted and carried after the position is fixed by means of the hydraulic lifting assembly. After the carrying process is finished, the hydraulic lifting assembly is also used for unlocking, the lifting support leg can reversely rotate by 90 degrees, the whole lifting device is switched from the assembling state to the disassembling state, and the lifting device can be freely taken out from the hole in the reflector. The whole process can realize unmanned operation, avoids the risk of the reflecting mirror caused by human factors and the risk to operators, greatly improves the adaptability, can realize the processes of lifting, carrying, lifting and the like of the reflecting mirror under different sizes and different installation conditions under various working conditions, and greatly improves the economy of devices required by the working conditions.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional elevation view of the present invention in a unitary structure assembly mode;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional elevation view of the present invention in a unitary structure of the removal mode;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of a mirror lift assembly;

FIG. 4 is a second schematic cross-sectional elevation view of the overall structure of the present invention in a disassembled mode;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural view of a main body frame;

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a motor drive assembly;

FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a single lift assembly configuration;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a lift assembly status switching process;

fig. 9 is a schematic view of a hydraulic lifting structure.

Wherein, each reference sign in the figure is:

1. lifting a semicircle; 2. a main body frame; 3. a motor drive assembly; 4. a reflecting mirror; 5. a lifting assembly; 6. a hydraulic lifting assembly; 7. a polytetrafluoroethylene pad; 2.1, upper plate; 2.2, a round frame; 2.3 A bottom plate; 2.4, round holes; 3.1, a synchronous belt 1;3.2, an electric motor; 3.3, a synchronous belt 2;3.4, a driving wheel 1;3.5, driven wheel 2;3.6, driven bevel gears; 3.7, a transmission shaft 1;3.8, a synchronous belt 3;3.9, a driving wheel 2;3.10, a synchronous belt 4;3.11, synchronous belt 5;3.12, driven wheel 1;3.13, a transmission shaft 2;3.14, a drive bevel gear; 3.15, a synchronous belt 6;5.1, lifting the supporting leg; 5.2, a bearing end cover; 5.3, pins, 5.4 and synchronous pulleys; 5.5, a central round hole; 5.6, rotating shaft; 5.7, a bearing; 5.8, rotating the support; 5.9, backing plate; 6.1, hydraulic prop; 6.2, a hydraulic cylinder; and 6.3, a hydraulic mounting seat.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, for the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the embodiment of the invention provides an automatically assembled large-caliber reflector lifting device, which comprises a lifting semicircle 1, a main body frame 2, a motor transmission assembly 3, a reflector lifting assembly 5 and a hydraulic lifting assembly 6. The whole lifting device can realize the operations of lifting, landing, removing, installing and the like of the large-caliber reflecting mirror 4 through correct connection and matching. The mirror lifting assembly 5 can be switched from the detached state shown in fig. 2 to the operating state shown in fig. 1 by the co-operation of the motor drive assembly 3 and the hydraulic lifting assembly 6. Such switching of functions is accomplished in order to fulfill the functional requirements of the lift assembly from the central aperture of the mirror into the bottom of the mirror. In many application scenarios, the outer circumference of the reflector is interfered by other parts and cannot be used, so that the installation of the mesopores can be realized, and the working scenario is greatly simplified. When the lifting assembly realizes 90-degree switching, the reflector can be lifted and the like. When the working scene is finished, the lifting assembly is switched from the working state to the detaching state and leaves from the middle hole, so that the whole operation process is realized.

The lifting device is structurally arranged as follows, and the lifting semicircle 1 is located at the highest position of the whole lifting device and is responsible for realizing the assembly and connection of components such as a crane, lifting belts and the like. The main body frame 2 is positioned at the lower part of the lifting semicircle, and the two can be fixed by means of welding or screw connection. The main body frame is a framework of the whole reflector lifting device and is responsible for realizing rigidity support, connection and fixation and the like among the whole devices. The motor transmission assembly 3 is positioned inside the main body frame and is responsible for providing power for the reflector lifting assembly 5 connected to the bottom of the main body frame. The lifting assembly 5 at least comprises 2 groups of assemblies with identical structures, in this embodiment, six groups of assemblies with identical structures are preferable, the circumference is uniformly distributed at the bottom of the main body frame, and the assemblies are responsible for realizing fixation with the reflector and providing lifting supporting force. The bottom of the main body frame consists of a disc, the six groups of lifting assemblies correspond to each other, the bottom disc 2.3 is arranged at the same position, and six circular holes are uniformly distributed on the circumference, so that the transmission assembly structure and the power transmission are realized. The hydraulic lifting assemblies 6 are also arranged at the bottom of the main body frame and distributed on the outer circumference of the lifting assembly 5, and six groups of circumferences are uniformly distributed to ensure the switching of the working states of the lifting assembly. The whole device performs the functions of lifting and installing the reflecting mirror through the cooperation of the structures.

Referring to fig. 3 and 4, the spatial distribution relationship between the mirror lifting assembly and the hydraulic lifting assembly is observed through top view in the working state; and a set of mirror lift assemblies and hydraulic lift assemblies and a portion of the motor drive assembly that powers the lift assemblies as viewed from a side view in a disassembled condition. The reflector lifting assembly comprises 6 groups of lifting supporting legs uniformly distributed on the circumference, and the lifting supporting legs can rotate around a central rotating shaft in a 90-degree space. The power of rotation comes from the motor drive assembly. The hydraulic lifting assembly also comprises 6 groups of hydraulic struts uniformly distributed on the circumference, and the hydraulic struts can be lifted into the central round hole 5.5 to lock the rotation of the lifting support legs. When the lifting is completed, the hydraulic prop can be backed out of the central round hole, and the rotation of the lifting support leg is unlocked again. The reflector lifting device further comprises a polytetrafluoroethylene pad 7, six groups of circumferences are uniformly distributed on the upper surface of the supporting leg of the reflector lifting assembly and are responsible for realizing stress dispersion between the lifting assembly and the reflector, and the installation of the reflector is guaranteed.

Referring to fig. 5, the main body frame 2 includes an upper plate 2.1 disposed at the lower part of the lifting ring, a round frame 2.2 fixed at the lower part of the upper plate, a bottom plate 2.3 fixed at the bottom of the round frame, and six groups of round holes 2.4 circumferentially and uniformly distributed on the bottom plate. Wherein, upper plate, round frame and bottom plate pass through the welding and realize the integration fixedly, guarantee that its rigidity satisfies whole lifting device's demand. In order to smoothly install the following motor transmission assembly into the main body frame, an installation hole can be formed on the upper plate to avoid a force transmission path, and the motor transmission assembly, the installation fixing tool and the like can be installed in the installation hole. The whole main body frame material is steel plate.

Referring to fig. 6, the motor transmission assembly 3 includes a set of motors 3.2 responsible for providing power output, and also includes six sets of second synchronous pulleys uniformly distributed on the circumference, including synchronous pulleys 3.1, 3.3, 3.8, 3.10, 3.11 and 3.15,6 lifting legs (5.1) of the synchronous pulleys are provided with first synchronous pulleys (5.4), and are respectively connected with the second synchronous pulleys on corresponding positions through synchronous belts.

The motor drive assembly also comprises a driving wheel 3.4 and a driven wheel 3.12 for transmitting power from the motor to the synchronous pulley 3.11, and a driving wheel 3.9 and a driven wheel 3.5 for transmitting power from the motor to the synchronous pulley 3.3. The motor drive assembly also comprises a drive shaft 3.13 and two sets of matched drive bevel gears 3.14 and driven bevel gears 3.6 for transmitting power to the synchronous pulley 3.15 and the synchronous pulley 3.10 through the drive wheel 3.4 and the driven wheel 3.12. Similarly, the motor drive assembly also comprises a drive shaft 3.7 and two sets of cooperating drive bevel gears and driven bevel gears for transmitting power to the synchronous pulleys 3.1 and 3.8 from the drive pulley 3.9 and the driven pulley 3.5. The synchronous belts 3.1, 3.3, 3.8, 3.10, 3.11 and 3.15 are uniformly distributed on the upper part of the bottom plate 2.3 in a circumference of 60 degrees, and pass through the round hole 2.4 to transmit power to the reflector lifting assembly on the lower part. Through the transmission process, the rotation of the motor can be smoothly and synchronously transmitted to the six groups of synchronous belts, and then is continuously transmitted to the lifting support legs arranged at the bottom of the main body frame, so that the switching between the dismounting state and the working state is realized.

Referring to fig. 7 and 8, the mirror lifting assembly includes six sets of legs uniformly distributed around the circumference and installed at the bottom of the main body frame 2. The lifting support comprises a lifting support leg 5.1 for providing supporting force and mounting a polytetrafluoroethylene pad, a synchronous pulley 5.4 connected with a motor transmission assembly, a rotating shaft 5.6 arranged in the center and driven by the synchronous pulley, bearings 5.7 distributed at two ends of the synchronous pulley and used for providing rotating freedom degrees for the rotating shaft, pins 5.3 for fixing the rotating shaft and the lifting support leg, a rotating support seat 5.8 and a bearing end cover 5.2 arranged at the outer end of the bearing and used for fixing the bearing, a central round hole 5.5 used for being matched with a hydraulic prop and a backup plate 5.9 for guaranteeing the final position of the lifting support leg. Fig. 8 shows the process of switching the mirror lift assembly from the detached state to the operational state. The motor transmission assembly is used for providing rotary power, the reflector lifting assembly can rotate by 90 degrees, and the hydraulic lifting assembly is used for locking and unlocking, so that the device can be automatically assembled and the reflector with large caliber can be lifted; and automatically disassembling the device to separate the device from the reflecting mirror.

Referring to fig. 9, the hydraulic lifting assembly 6 is fixed outside the main body frame bottom reflector lifting assembly and uniformly distributed in 6 groups of circumferences, and comprises a hydraulic mounting seat 6.3 fixed on the main body frame, a hydraulic cylinder 6.2 mounted on the hydraulic mounting seat and a hydraulic prop 6.1 capable of realizing lifting control. When the hydraulic prop enters the working state, the hydraulic prop can be lifted into the central round hole to lock the rotation of the lifting support leg. When the lifting is completed, the hydraulic prop can back out of the central round hole, unlock the rotation of the lifting support leg again, and realize the switching process from the working state to the dismounting state.

The installation and the lifting process of the whole automatically assembled large-caliber reflector lifting device and the reflector are as follows: firstly, the whole lifting device is driven by a lifting mechanical crane and the like to lift to the upper part of the reflector, so that 6 groups of reflector lifting components are guaranteed to be in a disassembled state, namely the directions of the supporting legs are parallel to the optical axis direction of the reflector, and the lifting circular ring and the reflector center hole are guaranteed to be concentric by position adjustment. And then slowly and stably lowering the reflector lifting device, wherein the lifting assembly firstly enters the reflector middle hole and continuously descends until the round frame also enters the reflector middle hole. And observing the height, and ensuring that the reflector lifting assembly cannot collide with the reflector, interfere with the reflector and the like during state switching to possibly damage the safety of the reflector. The lifting machinery stops, the process of switching from the disassembly state to the working state is carried out, namely, the motor starts to work, the rotation power is transmitted to the reflector lifting assembly at the bottom through the motor transmission assembly, and the central shaft starts to rotate by 90 degrees until the lifting support legs reach the horizontal state. Note that polytetrafluoroethylene pads have been bonded to the lifting legs previously. And opening the hydraulic lifting change-over switch, and enabling the hydraulic prop to enter the central round hole to lock the lifting support leg so as to realize state switching. After the switching is finished, the whole reflector lifting device cannot collide with the reflector, and the polytetrafluoroethylene pad is a certain distance away from the back of the reflector. Lifting the lifting machinery at a lower starting speed until the polytetrafluoroethylene pad contacts the bottom of the reflecting mirror, and continuing to slowly lift the reflecting mirror to realize the lifting work of the reflecting mirror. The disassembly process of the large-caliber reflector lifting device is the reverse of the process, firstly, the hydraulic lifting switch is switched, the hydraulic prop withdraws from the central round hole to unlock the lifting support leg, and the switching from the working state to the disassembly state is realized. And then the motor works reversely, the rotary power is transmitted to the reflector lifting assembly at the bottom through the motor transmission assembly, the central shaft rotates until the lifting support legs reach a vertical state, the whole device is withdrawn from the central round hole, and the use process is finished.

The above disclosure is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and it is needless to say that the scope of the invention is not limited thereto, and therefore, the equivalent changes according to the claims of the present invention still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a but heavy-calibre speculum of automatic assembly lifts device, its characterized in that includes lifting semicircle (1), main body frame (2), motor drive subassembly (3), speculum lift subassembly (5) and hydraulic lifting subassembly (6), lifting semicircle (1) with main body frame (2) upper portion fixed connection, motor drive subassembly (3) are installed inside main body frame (2), with speculum lift subassembly (5) realize the transmission and are connected, speculum lift subassembly (5) are installed main body frame (2) lower part, hydraulic lifting subassembly (6) are installed speculum lift subassembly (5) lateral part, motor drive subassembly (3) with speculum lift subassembly (5) linkage swing, hydraulic lifting subassembly (6) with speculum lift subassembly (5) locking cooperation makes it be located the horizontal direction, speculum lift subassembly (5) include at least two sets of circumference equipartitions lift landing leg (5.1), rotation axis (5.6), synchronous pulley (5.6), landing leg (5.5) are installed in main body frame (2) lower part, hydraulic lifting subassembly (6) are installed in speculum lift subassembly (5) lateral part, rotation axis (6) are connected with rotation axis (5.5) are fixed together, the hydraulic lifting assembly (6) comprises at least two groups of hydraulic struts (6.1) uniformly distributed on the circumference, the lifting support legs (5.1) are provided with central round holes (5.5), and the hydraulic struts (6.1) are lifted to enter the central round holes (5.5) under the driving of the hydraulic cylinders to lock the rotation of the lifting support legs (5.1).

2. The automatically assembled large caliber reflector lifting device according to claim 1, wherein the motor transmission assembly (3) comprises a motor (3.2) and six groups of second synchronous pulleys uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the six groups of second synchronous pulleys are all linked with the motor, and the second synchronous pulleys are connected with the first synchronous pulleys through synchronous belts.

3. The automatically assembled large caliber reflector lifting device according to claim 2, wherein six groups of second synchronous pulleys are fixedly arranged on each transmission shaft, the transmission shafts are mutually transmitted through bevel gears, and the motor is in transmission connection with one or two transmission shafts.

4. The automatically assemblable heavy caliber reflector lifting device of claim 3 wherein the motor is drivingly connected to the one or two drive shafts by a timing belt.

5. An automatically assemblable large caliber mirror lifting device according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the mirror lifting assembly is surface mounted with a polytetrafluoroethylene pad (7).