CN113267814A - Method and device for measuring and calculating field shear wave velocity - Google Patents
Method and device for measuring and calculating field shear wave velocity Download PDFInfo
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- CN113267814A CN113267814A CN202110757908.7A CN202110757908A CN113267814A CN 113267814 A CN113267814 A CN 113267814A CN 202110757908 A CN202110757908 A CN 202110757908A CN 113267814 A CN113267814 A CN 113267814A
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. analysis, for interpretation, for correction
- G01V1/30—Analysis
- G01V1/303—Analysis for determining velocity profiles or travel times
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- G—PHYSICS
- G06—COMPUTING; CALCULATING OR COUNTING
- G06F—ELECTRIC DIGITAL DATA PROCESSING
- G06F17/00—Digital computing or data processing equipment or methods, specially adapted for specific functions
- G06F17/10—Complex mathematical operations
- G06F17/18—Complex mathematical operations for evaluating statistical data, e.g. average values, frequency distributions, probability functions, regression analysis
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/61—Analysis by combining or comparing a seismic data set with other data
- G01V2210/612—Previously recorded data, e.g. time-lapse or 4D
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/61—Analysis by combining or comparing a seismic data set with other data
- G01V2210/616—Data from specific type of measurement
- G01V2210/6161—Seismic or acoustic, e.g. land or sea measurements
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01V—GEOPHYSICS; GRAVITATIONAL MEASUREMENTS; DETECTING MASSES OR OBJECTS; TAGS
- G01V2210/00—Details of seismic processing or analysis
- G01V2210/60—Analysis
- G01V2210/62—Physical property of subsurface
- G01V2210/622—Velocity, density or impedance
- G01V2210/6222—Velocity; travel time
Abstract
The method comprises the steps of obtaining lithological description information of a target soil layer, and confirming a soil body type corresponding to the target soil layer according to the lithological description information, wherein the target soil layer is a soil layer within a preset depth range of a field to be measured; correcting shear wave velocity empirical data corresponding to the soil type according to the additional stress borne by the soil of the target soil layer at the depth position of the soil, and taking the corrected data as the shear wave velocity data of the target soil layer; and calculating the average shear wave velocity of the covering soil layer within the preset depth range based on the shear wave velocity data of the target soil layer to serve as the shear wave velocity of the field to be detected. The method and the device are helpful for more accurately and reliably measuring and calculating the field shear wave velocity.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of seismic engineering, and particularly relates to a method and a device for measuring and calculating field shear wave velocity.
Background
Local site conditions have a significant impact on engineering seismic damage and seismic motion characteristics. In the general earthquake-proof design specifications of buildings and structures in all countries of the world, the influence of engineering fields on the design earthquake motion parameters is considered by adopting a field classification method. The method is characterized in that the acquisition of the shear wave velocity of the overburden soil layer is an important basis for carrying out site classification and quantitative estimation on the influence of a site on earthquake motion, and generally, a test hole can be drilled in the site and is tested based on a shear wave velocity tester to acquire the shear wave velocity of the overburden soil layer.
In actual engineering construction, due to the limitations of site environment and engineering technology, the shear wave velocity cannot be directly tested in many cases, and the site shear wave velocity needs to be predicted by using existing engineering test data, so that site classification and earthquake motion parameter estimation are performed on the basis. In the related technology, the shear wave velocity is usually predicted based on the surface geology and the topography, but the method only can consider the geology and the topography characteristics of the site surface, neglects the influence of a covering soil layer below the site surface on the site shear wave velocity, and has low prediction accuracy.
The above is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the technical aspects of the present invention, and does not represent an admission that the above is prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the problems in the related art at least to a certain extent, the application provides a method and a device for measuring and calculating the field shear wave velocity, which are used for measuring and calculating the field shear wave velocity based on an effective stress theory and are beneficial to more accurately and reliably measuring and calculating the field shear wave velocity.
In order to achieve the purpose, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application:
in a first aspect,
the application provides a field shear wave velocity measuring and calculating method, which comprises the following steps:
obtaining lithological description information of a target soil layer, and confirming a soil body type corresponding to the target soil layer according to the lithological description information, wherein the target soil layer is a soil layer within a preset depth range of a field to be detected;
correcting shear wave velocity empirical data corresponding to the soil type according to the additional stress borne by the soil of the target soil layer at the depth position of the soil, and taking the corrected data as the shear wave velocity data of the target soil layer;
and calculating the average shear wave velocity of the covering soil layer within the preset depth range based on the shear wave velocity data of the target soil layer to serve as the shear wave velocity of the field to be detected.
Optionally, the modifying the shear wave velocity empirical data corresponding to the soil body type includes:
inquiring the shear wave velocity value of the soil body type at the position close to the ground surface as the shear wave velocity empirical data; the shear wave velocity empirical data is modified based on the following expression,
wherein i represents the serial number of the target soil layer in each soil layer within the preset depth range starting from the ground surface of the field,
VS,irepresenting shear wave velocity data for a target soil layer i,
VS0,ishowing the shear wave velocity empirical data of the soil body corresponding to the target soil layer i,
σ’V,irepresenting additional stresses, p, to which the soil of the target soil layer i is subjectedaWhich is indicative of a standard atmospheric pressure value,
niand (3) showing an experimental empirical constant of the change of the soil shear wave speed corresponding to the soil type corresponding to the target soil layer i along with the depth.
Alternatively,
when the soil body type is gravel soil, the experimental empirical constant takes the value of 0.5;
and when the soil type is clay soil with plasticity index PI greater than 6.5, the experimental empirical constant value is 1.0.
Optionally, the additional stress σ 'borne by the soil body of the target soil layer at the depth position of the soil body is calculated through the following expression'V,i，
Wherein, σ'V,iRepresenting additional stress, rho ', suffered by soil body of target soil layer i'jRepresenting the effective density of the soil of the jth soil layer, djThe thickness of the jth soil layer is shown, and g represents the gravity acceleration.
Optionally, when the soil layer is above the groundwater level of the field, the dry density of the corresponding soil body is taken as the effective density, otherwise, the saturated wet density of the corresponding soil body is taken as the effective density.
Optionally, calculating the average shear wave velocity V of the covering soil layer within the preset depth range based on the following expressionsz，
Wherein Z represents a preset depth value, diThe thickness of the soil layer i is represented, and N represents the total number of layers of the covering soil layer within a preset depth range.
Optionally, the preset depth is 20m or 30 m.
Optionally, engineering drilling is performed on the site to be tested, and lithology description information of the target soil layer is obtained based on analysis of samples obtained by drilling.
In a second aspect of the present invention,
the application provides a field shear wave velocity measuring and calculating device, which comprises a measuring device,
a memory having an executable program stored thereon;
a processor for executing the executable program in the memory to implement the steps of the method described above.
This application adopts above technical scheme, possesses following beneficial effect at least:
according to the technical scheme, the soil type of the target soil layer is confirmed according to the obtained lithological descriptive information of the target soil layer, shear wave velocity empirical data of the soil type corresponding to the target soil layer are further confirmed, the shear wave velocity empirical data of the corresponding soil body are corrected based on the additional stress borne by the soil layer, shear wave velocity data of the target soil layer are obtained, and finally the average shear wave velocity is calculated based on the shear wave velocity data of all the soil layers to obtain the shear wave velocity of the field to be measured. The scheme can estimate the field shear wave velocity more accurately and reliably under the condition of lacking actual measurement wave velocity data, thereby being beneficial to normal field classification.
Additional advantages, objects, and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and in part will become apparent to those having ordinary skill in the art upon examination of the following or may be learned from practice of the invention. The objectives and other advantages of the invention will be realized and attained by the structure particularly pointed out in the written description and claims hereof as well as the appended drawings.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the technology or prior art of the present application and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification. The drawings expressing the embodiments of the present application are used for explaining the technical solutions of the present application, and should not be construed as limiting the technical solutions of the present application.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a method for measuring and calculating a site shear wave velocity according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating estimated shear wave velocity data of soil layers of different depths obtained by applying the estimation method of the present application in one embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a graph of estimated shear wave velocity data for a soil layer using the estimation method of the present application in another embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a graph of comparative analysis of the average shear wave velocity obtained using the method of the present application versus actual measured wave velocity results;
FIG. 5 is a plot of a comparative analysis of estimation error using the method of the present application versus a method of estimation of wave velocity based on surface topography;
fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a field shear wave velocity estimation device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the technical solutions of the present application will be described in detail below. It is to be understood that the embodiments described are only a few embodiments of the present application and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the examples given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.
As described in the background art, in actual engineering construction, the existing method has a problem of low accuracy in field shear wave velocity measurement, and the application provides a field shear wave velocity measurement method.
As shown in fig. 1, in an embodiment, the method for estimating a site shear wave velocity provided by the present application includes:
step S110, obtaining lithological description information of a target soil layer, and confirming a soil body type corresponding to the target soil layer according to the lithological description information, wherein the target soil layer is a soil layer within a preset depth range of a field to be detected;
in practice, lithological description information of a target soil layer can be obtained through related detection means, for example, engineering drilling can be carried out on a field to be tested, and lithological description information of the target soil layer is obtained based on analysis of samples obtained through drilling;
it is easy to understand that, in the application scenario of the present application, in the confirmation process of the site classification, the required site shear wave speed refers to the shear wave speed of the soil covering layer within a predetermined depth range; for example, the preset depth is generally 20m or 30m, that is, the target soil layer refers to the soil layer within the depth range. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the shear wave velocity of each soil layer within a preset depth range in the field to be measured is unknown, and if the preset depth is 30m, each soil layer within the depth range is a target soil layer.
In step S110, the soil type (or soil classification of the soil in the target soil layer) is determined according to the lithological description information, which is mainly performed based on the difference between the strength of the additional stress and the influence of the shear wave velocity on different soil types, for example, the soil layer may be divided into fine-grained soil and coarse-grained soil, where silt and clay are used as the fine-grained soil, and sand and gravel are used as the coarse-grained soil.
After the step S110, the step S120 is carried out, shear wave velocity empirical data corresponding to the soil type is corrected according to the additional stress borne by the soil body of the target soil layer at the depth position of the soil body, and the corrected data is used as shear wave velocity data of the target soil layer;
the additional stress in the application refers to the stress generated by the gravity superposition of the soil layers above the soil layers at the burial depth of each soil layer, and specifically, the shear wave velocity value of the soil body type close to the earth surface can be used as shear wave velocity empirical data by inquiring (for example, inquiring based on an engineering geological manual, and partial data are shown in table 1); the shear wave velocity empirical data is modified based on the following expression,
in the expression (1), i represents the serial number of the target soil layer in each soil layer within the preset depth range by taking the ground surface of the field as the starting point,
VS,irepresenting shear wave velocity data for a target soil layer i,
VS0,ishowing the shear wave velocity empirical data of the soil body corresponding to the target soil layer i,
σ’V,irepresenting additional stresses, p, to which the soil of the target soil layer i is subjectedaWhich is indicative of a standard atmospheric pressure value,
niand (3) showing an experimental empirical constant of the change of the soil shear wave speed corresponding to the soil type corresponding to the target soil layer i along with the depth.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing estimated shear wave velocity data of different soil layers obtained by applying the method of the present application.
TABLE 1 shear wave velocity of typical soils (abstracted from engineering geology handbook, 2018)
In addition, in the above expression (1), based on experimental tests and engineering experience, when the soil type is gravel soil, the general experimental empirical constant is 0.5, and when the soil type is clay soil with plasticity index PI >6.5, the general experimental empirical constant is 1.0.
In this embodiment, the process of calculating the additional stress to which the soil body of the target soil layer is subjected at the depth position is to calculate and obtain the additional stress σ 'to which the soil body of the target soil layer is subjected at the depth position by the following expression (2)'V,i，
In expression (2), σ'V,iRepresenting additional stress, rho ', suffered by soil body of target soil layer i'jRepresenting the effective density of the soil of the jth soil layer, djThe thickness of the jth soil layer is shown, and g represents the gravity acceleration.
It is easy to understand that in practical engineering practice, the effective density of the soil body can be obtained by inquiring the data table in the relevant manual (as shown in the following table 2, the density data of the common soil body),
TABLE 2 empirical values of density and Plasticity Index (PI) for typical soils
It is easy to understand that, in practice, when a soil layer is above the ground water level of a field, the dry density of the corresponding soil body is taken as the effective density, otherwise, the saturated wet density of the corresponding soil body is taken as the effective density.
After the shear wave velocity data of each target soil layer is obtained, as shown in fig. 1, the step S130 is continued, and the average shear wave velocity of the covering soil layer within the preset depth range is calculated based on the shear wave velocity data of the target soil layer, so as to be used as the shear wave velocity of the field to be measured.
Specifically, in step S130, the average shear wave velocity V of the overburden within the preset depth range is calculated based on the following expression (3)sz，
In the expression (3), Z represents a preset depth value, diThe thickness of the soil layer i is represented, and N represents the total number of layers of the covering soil layer within a preset depth range.
It is easily understood that the calculation process of the method in the present application can be implemented in practice based on different programming languages. For example, in this embodiment, the site shear wave velocity calculation method may be implemented using python language, and for the actual borehole lithology data, python code is implemented as follows:
# given the depth of layering above and below each soil layer (DepthTop, DepthBottom), the soil layer density (dry density: SoilDryDensity and wet density: SoilSatDensity), the initial wave velocity (Vs0) of each soil layer, the plasticity index (n) of each soil layer, and the groundwater depth (Watertable), the shear wave velocity of each soil layer is calculated as follows;
in another embodiment, the actual condition of the field to be tested is that there is a portion of borehole wave velocity data (measured by a proprietary tester), but the test borehole depth is insufficient, i.e., the shear wave velocity of the earth layer within the predetermined depth range is partially unknown.
Based on the foregoing embodiments, it is readily understood that the same method may be used to classify the lithology of the field overburden lithology by drilling the lithology descriptions first;
then, based on the empirical values of different soil density given in table 2, calculating the additional stress generated by the soil layer based on the expression (2), and further estimating shear wave velocity data of the soil layer with unknown wave velocity by using the expression (1) (as shown in fig. 3, a shear wave velocity estimation data diagram of soil layers with different depths in the embodiment is shown);
and finally, calculating the average shear wave velocity by using an expression (3), wherein the measurement result is directly adopted for the soil layer with wave velocity data in the calculation, and the wave velocity estimated by using the method is used as the wave velocity value of the soil layer for the soil layer without the wave velocity.
The following describes the application effect of the method of the present application with reference to actual data.
As shown in fig. 4, in order to compare the average shear wave velocity obtained by measuring and calculating the field shear wave velocity with the actually measured wave velocity calculation result by using the method of the present invention, it can be seen that the field average wave velocity obtained by measuring and calculating is well matched with the actually measured wave velocity calculation result, and the estimation error is distributed on both sides of the zero value with the zero value as the center.
Comparing the method of the invention with the method for measuring and calculating the wave velocity based on the surface topography, error calculation is respectively carried out on data obtained after measurement and calculation by adopting the two methods and the shear wave velocity obtained by actual test, and comparison results of measurement and calculation errors shown in figure 5 are obtained, so that the method of the invention has the advantages of smaller error, and the method based on the surface topography underestimates the actual wave velocity as a whole.
Therefore, obviously, according to the technical scheme of the application, the field shear wave velocity measuring and calculating method based on the lithology of the engineering drilled hole is adopted, and the change of the shear wave velocities of different soil types along with the depth is estimated according to the effective stress principle and an experimental experience model, so that the optimized field average shear wave velocity is obtained. The method can well solve the field shear wave velocity prediction problem under the condition of lack of measurement of the shear wave velocity, and can reduce the influence of artificial subjective experience estimation, so that the estimation of the field shear wave velocity is more objective and general. Particularly, under the condition of lacking actual measurement wave velocity data, the field shear wave velocity can be estimated more accurately and reliably, so that the normal field classification is facilitated.
Fig. 6 is a schematic structural diagram of a field shear wave velocity estimation device according to an embodiment of the present application, and as shown in fig. 6, the field shear wave velocity estimation device 600 includes:
a memory 601 on which an executable program is stored;
a processor 602 for executing the executable program in the memory 601 to implement the steps of the above method.
With respect to the field shear wave velocity estimation device 600 in the above embodiment, the specific manner of executing the program in the memory 601 by the processor 602 has been described in detail in the embodiment related to the method, and will not be described in detail here.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. A method for measuring and calculating the field shear wave velocity is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining lithological description information of a target soil layer, and confirming a soil body type corresponding to the target soil layer according to the lithological description information, wherein the target soil layer is a soil layer within a preset depth range of a field to be detected;
correcting shear wave velocity empirical data corresponding to the soil type according to the additional stress borne by the soil of the target soil layer at the depth position of the soil, and taking the corrected data as the shear wave velocity data of the target soil layer;
and calculating the average shear wave velocity of the covering soil layer within the preset depth range based on the shear wave velocity data of the target soil layer to serve as the shear wave velocity of the field to be detected.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the modifying the empirical shear wave velocity data corresponding to the soil mass type comprises:
inquiring the shear wave velocity value of the soil body type at the position close to the ground surface as the shear wave velocity empirical data; the shear wave velocity empirical data is modified based on the following expression,
wherein i represents the serial number of the target soil layer in each soil layer within the preset depth range starting from the ground surface of the field,
VS,irepresenting shear wave velocity data for a target soil layer i,
VS0,ishowing the shear wave velocity empirical data of the soil body corresponding to the target soil layer i,
σ’V,irepresenting additional stresses, p, to which the soil of the target soil layer i is subjectedaWhich is indicative of a standard atmospheric pressure value,
niand (3) showing an experimental empirical constant of the change of the soil shear wave speed corresponding to the soil type corresponding to the target soil layer i along with the depth.
3. The method of claim 2,
when the soil body type is gravel soil, the experimental empirical constant takes the value of 0.5;
and when the soil type is clay soil with plasticity index PI greater than 6.5, the experimental empirical constant value is 1.0.
4. The method as claimed in claim 2, wherein the additional stress σ 'suffered by the soil body of the target soil layer at the depth position is calculated by the following expression'V,i，
Wherein, σ'V,iRepresenting additional stress, rho ', suffered by soil body of target soil layer i'jRepresenting the effective density of the soil of the jth soil layer, djThe thickness of the jth soil layer is shown, and g represents the gravity acceleration.
5. The method of claim 4, wherein the effective density is the dry density of the respective soil mass when the soil layer is above the ground water level of the field, and the effective density is the saturated wet density of the respective soil mass otherwise.
6. The method according to claim 4, wherein the average shear wave velocity V of the overburden within the predetermined depth range is calculated based on the following expressionsz，
Wherein Z represents a preset depth value, diThe thickness of the soil layer i is represented, and N represents the total number of layers of the covering soil layer within a preset depth range.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the preset depth is 20m or 30 m.
8. The method of claim 1, wherein the site is drilled and the lithology descriptive information of the target earth is obtained based on analysis of a sample obtained from the drilled hole.
9. A field shear wave velocity estimation device, comprising:
a memory having an executable program stored thereon;
a processor for executing the executable program in the memory to implement the steps of the method of any one of claims 1 to 8.
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| CN115437009A (en) * | 2022-11-04 | 2022-12-06 | 中国地震局地球物理研究所 | Drilling data processing method and device, electronic equipment and computer readable medium |
| CN116630676A (en) * | 2022-09-01 | 2023-08-22 | 中国地震局地球物理研究所 | Large-scale-range field classification processing method and device and electronic equipment |
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| AU2022204502A1 (en) | 2023-01-19 |
| CN113267814B (en) | 2022-07-01 |
| AU2022204502B2 (en) | 2024-03-14 |
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