CN113267076B - Hydrocyanic acid oxidation reactor and tube plate cooling structure thereof - Google Patents
Hydrocyanic acid oxidation reactor and tube plate cooling structure thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113267076B CN113267076B CN202110626980.6A CN202110626980A CN113267076B CN 113267076 B CN113267076 B CN 113267076B CN 202110626980 A CN202110626980 A CN 202110626980A CN 113267076 B CN113267076 B CN 113267076B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01J—CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROCESSES, e.g. CATALYSIS OR COLLOID CHEMISTRY; THEIR RELEVANT APPARATUS
- B01J19/00—Chemical, physical or physico-chemical processes in general; Their relevant apparatus
- B01J19/0053—Details of the reactor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
- F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
- F28D21/00—Heat-exchange apparatus not covered by any of the groups F28D1/00 - F28D20/00
- F28D2021/0019—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for
- F28D2021/0022—Other heat exchangers for particular applications; Heat exchange systems not otherwise provided for for chemical reactors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P20/00—Technologies relating to chemical industry
- Y02P20/10—Process efficiency
Abstract
The application relates to a hydrocyanic acid oxidation reactor and a tube plate cooling structure thereof, which comprises an upper tube plate and a cooling structure for cooling the upper tube plate, wherein the cooling structure comprises a ring-shaped tube, the outer wall of the ring-shaped tube is communicated with the ring-shaped tube and is provided with a water inlet pipe for conveying cooling liquid into the ring-shaped tube, the cooling structure further comprises a first cooling mechanism and a second cooling mechanism which are arranged on the ring-shaped tube, the first cooling mechanism is used for cooling the periphery of one surface of the upper tube plate, and the second cooling mechanism is used for cooling the central position of one surface of the upper tube plate; this application has the advantage that prevents that steam temperature is too high to lead to going up the tube sheet damage.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to hydrocyanic acid reaction equipment field, especially relates to a hydrocyanic acid oxidation reactor and tube sheet cooling structure thereof.
Background
Many chemical products synthesized from hydrocyanic acid are widely applied to the fields of medicine, food, feed, electroplating, metallurgy, high polymer, cost, fine chemical engineering and the like, so that the research on the synthetic method of hydrocyanic acid is very important for extending processing and comprehensive utilization; the existing industrial synthesis of hydrocyanic acid mainly adopts an Andrussow method for production, and a hydrocyanic acid reactor is a core device in the production process flow of hydrocyanic acid.
Chinese patent No. CN212855693U discloses an internal structure of a hydrocyanic acid reactor, which comprises a reactor shell, wherein an upper tube plate and a lower tube plate are respectively arranged at the upper end and the lower end of the reactor shell, a plurality of vertical heat exchange tubes are uniformly arranged between the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate along the horizontal direction, and the lower ends of the heat exchange tubes are fixedly connected with the lower tube plate; the upper end of the heat exchange tube is fixedly connected with a heat exchange tube joint; the position of the upper tube plate corresponding to the heat exchange tube joint protrudes downwards to form a butt joint protrusion with a cylindrical structure, the butt joint protrusion is provided with a butt joint hole for inserting the upper end of the heat exchange tube joint, and the bottom surface of the butt joint hole is provided with a connecting hole penetrating through the upper tube plate in the thickness direction and used for being communicated with an inner hole of the heat exchange tube joint; the upper end of the inner hole of the heat exchange pipe joint and the lower end of the connecting hole are respectively provided with a chamfer structure so that the upper end of the inner hole of the heat exchange pipe joint and the lower end of the connecting hole form a welding area with a triangular structure.
With respect to the related art among the above, the inventors consider that the following technical drawbacks exist: when the reactor is used, steam needs to be introduced into the reactor, the steam upwards moves towards the upper tube plate, and the upper tube plate is easy to damage due to the fact that the evaporation intensity of the upper tube plate, particularly the central position, is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In a first aspect, the present application provides a tube sheet cooling structure for preventing damage to an upper tube sheet due to a high steam temperature.
The application provides a tube sheet cooling structure adopts following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a tube sheet cooling structure, includes the upper tube sheet, still includes and is used for carrying out refrigerated cooling structure to the upper tube sheet, cooling structure includes the annular tube, be provided with the oral siphon that is used for carrying the coolant liquid to the annular tube with the annular tube intercommunication on the outer wall of annular tube, cooling structure is still including setting up first cooling body and the second cooling body on the annular tube, first cooling body is used for cooling down all around to upper tube sheet one side, second cooling body is used for the central point department of putting to the one side of upper tube sheet to cool off.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, can cool off the center of going up the tube sheet and all around simultaneously through first cooling body and second cooling body to prevent to go up the tube sheet and appear damaging because of the high temperature, prolonged the life of going up the tube sheet.
Optionally, the first cooling mechanism includes a plurality of cooling tubes disposed along a circumferential position of an inner wall of the annular tube and in communication with the annular tube, a plurality of cooling holes are disposed on a surface of each cooling tube facing the upper tube plate, and the plurality of cooling tubes are disposed in an extending manner from a center of the annular tube away to a center of the upper tube plate.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, after carrying the coolant liquid to the ring pipe through the oral siphon, the coolant liquid can be along the cooling hole blowout of a plurality of cooling tubes to realized cooling down all around to going up the tube sheet, the setting that adopts the ring pipe is convenient for carry the coolant liquid to a plurality of cooling tubes simultaneously, and the setting that adopts a plurality of cooling tubes has realized the even cooling to whole last tube sheet, has improved the cooling effect to last tube sheet.
Optionally, the second cooling mechanism includes the connecting pipe of wearing to establish and fixed connection in last tube sheet central point department of putting, the tip that the cooling tube was kept away from to the connecting pipe is the opening setting, the tip that the connecting pipe is close to the cooling tube is the closed setting, the hoop is provided with an installation section of thick bamboo on the connecting pipe, the personally submits the closed setting of last tube sheet is kept away from to the installation section of thick bamboo, the installation section of thick bamboo is towards the face hoop of last tube sheet to having seted up the delivery port, the tip intercommunication that the annular tube was kept away from to the cooling tube is on the installation section of thick bamboo.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, put the department with the central point of connecting pipe setting at last tube sheet to the central point of having avoided last tube sheet puts the phenomenon that the department appears the high temperature, further prevent to go up tube sheet central point and put the department because of the high temperature damage, partial cooling water removes to the position at delivery port place along the cooling tube, make the coolant liquid cool off last tube sheet central point, thereby realized the further cooling to going up the tube sheet, further prevent to go up the tube sheet and appear damaging because of the high temperature, thereby further prolonged the life of last tube sheet.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a hydrocyanic acid oxidation reactor in order to prevent damage to an upper tube plate due to a high steam temperature.
The utility model provides a hydrocyanic acid oxidation reactor adopts following technical scheme:
a hydrocyanic acid oxidation reactor comprises a tube plate cooling structure, which comprises a reactor body, wherein the reactor comprises a lower tube box and a barrel body which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, an upper tube plate stretches over the upper part of the barrel body, the bottom of the barrel body stretches over the lower tube plate, a plurality of tube holes are formed in the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate, a plurality of heat exchange tubes are arranged between the upper tube plate and the lower tube plate, the two ends of each heat exchange tube are arranged in an opening manner, one end of each heat exchange tube is penetrated and fixedly connected to the upper tube plate, the other end of each heat exchange tube is penetrated and fixedly connected to the lower tube plate, an annular tube is arranged outside the barrel body along the circumferential position hoop direction of the barrel body, a first cooling mechanism is arranged below the upper tube plate, an air inlet tube is arranged on the top wall of the barrel body and communicated with the barrel body, an air outlet tube is arranged on the bottom wall of the lower tube box and communicated with the lower tube box, the cooling device is characterized in that a plurality of discharge pipes are arranged on the side wall of the barrel and positioned at the upper part of the barrel and communicated with the barrel, a steam inlet pipe is arranged at the bottom of the side wall of the barrel and positioned at one side of the barrel and communicated with the barrel, the steam inlet pipe is positioned above the lower tube plate, and a water inlet pipe used for introducing cooling liquid to the lower tube plate is arranged at the bottom of the side wall of the barrel and positioned at the other side of the barrel and communicated with the barrel.
By adopting the technical scheme, the first cooling mechanism is arranged below the upper tube plate, so that the first cooling mechanism and the second cooling mechanism can cool the surface of the upper tube plate facing the lower tube box; through carrying the coolant liquid to in the inlet pipe for the coolant liquid flows to the lower tube plate on the face of leaving away from lower tube case, thereby makes the coolant liquid cool off lower tube plate, thereby prevents lower tube plate because of the high temperature damage appears, has prolonged the life of lower tube plate.
Optionally, the upper pipe plate comprises a first plate body, a second plate body and a third plate body which are integrally arranged, the third plate body is arranged between the first plate body and the second plate body, the second plate body is annularly arranged on the inner wall of the barrel body, and the first plate body is located below the second plate body.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, increased the flexibility of tube sheet and with the area of contact of steam to further prevent the heat gathering of last tube sheet, thereby further prevent to go up the tube sheet and appear damaging because of high temperature, further prolonged the life of going up the tube sheet.
Optionally, the discharge pipe is opposite to the surface of the second plate body facing the inner wall of the cylinder body.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, set up the delivery pipe in last tube sheet top for the coolant liquid is located the delivery pipe below and soaks the tube sheet completely, thereby has further improved the cooling effect to whole last tube sheet, has further prolonged the soaking effect of last tube sheet.
Optionally, the barrel includes first vertical section, reducing section and the vertical section of second that sets gradually by supreme down, the diameter of first vertical section is less than the diameter of the vertical section of second, the diameter of reducing section is crescent towards the vertical section of second by first vertical section, in the vertical section of second.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the reducing section of barrel is crescent by lower supreme diameter to further increase the area of going up the tube sheet, and make steam can be located the great space of volume and distribute, thereby prevent that the high temperature of steam from driving the high temperature of going up the tube sheet, thereby further prolonged the life who goes up the tube sheet.
Optionally, all be provided with the protective layer in the connecting tube and on the face that first plate body deviates from down the pipe case, the third plate body deviates from and to be provided with fire-resistant circle on the face of barrel, one side of fire-resistant circle sets up on the protective layer, and the another side sets up on the roof of barrel, be provided with the heat preservation on the face that the second plate body deviates from down the pipe case, the heat preservation is located between the lateral wall of fire-resistant circle and barrel.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting of protective layer can play the effect of protection to the top tube plate to the intensity of top tube plate has been improved, and the temperature resistant effect of top tube plate has been improved, has further prolonged the life of top tube plate.
Optionally, the third plate body is provided with a fire-resistant ring on the surface departing from the barrel, one side of the fire-resistant ring is arranged on the protective layer, and the other side is arranged on the top wall of the barrel.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the temperature resistant effect of last tube sheet has further been improved in setting up of fire-resistant circle to the life of last tube sheet has further been prolonged.
Optionally, a heat insulation layer is arranged on a surface of the second plate body, which is away from the lower tube box, and the heat insulation layer is located between the fire-resistant ring and the side wall of the cylinder body.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the setting up of heat preservation can play further protection effect to the top tube plate to improve the intensity of top tube plate, and improved the temperature resistant effect of top tube plate, further prolonged the life of top tube plate.
In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the cooling liquid is introduced into the annular pipe through the water inlet pipe, so that the cooling liquid is sprayed out through the plurality of cooling holes on the cooling pipe, the periphery of the upper pipe plate is cooled, part of the cooling liquid can be discharged through the water outlet of the mounting cylinder, the central position of the upper pipe plate is further cooled, and the service life of the upper pipe plate is prolonged;
2. let in the coolant liquid to the barrel through the inlet tube in for the coolant liquid can cool off lower tube sheet, prevents that lower tube sheet from appearing damaging because of high temperature.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of an oxidation reactor according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion of the structure for showing the upper tube sheet in an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a half-section structure for showing the annular tube and the cooling tube according to an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 4 is a top view of an annular tube and a cooling tube of an embodiment of the present application;
FIG. 5 is an enlarged view of the portion A of FIG. 2;
fig. 6 is an enlarged schematic view of a portion B in fig. 2.
Description of reference numerals: 1. an upper tube sheet; 11. an annular tube; 12. a water inlet pipe; 13. a cooling tube; 131. a cooling hole; 14. a connecting pipe; 141. mounting the cylinder; 142. a water outlet; 15. a first plate body; 151. a large ceramic ring; 152. a pattern plate; 153. a cross-shaped ceramic ring; 154. a small ceramic ring; 155. a supporting net; 156. a platinum mesh; 16. a second plate body; 161. a heat-insulating layer; 17. a third plate body; 171. a fire resistant ring; 18. a protective layer; 2. a lower pipe box; 21. a barrel; 211. a first vertical section; 212. a diameter-changing section; 213. a second vertical section; 214. a detection tube; 22. an air inlet pipe; 23. an air outlet pipe; 24. a discharge pipe; 25. a steam inlet pipe; 26. a lower tube plate; 261. a water inlet pipe; 27. a heat exchange tube.
Detailed Description
The present application is described in further detail below with reference to figures 1-6.
The embodiment of the application discloses tube sheet cooling structure. With reference to fig. 1 and 2, a tube plate cooling structure includes an upper tube plate 1 and a cooling structure for cooling the upper tube plate 1, where the cooling structure includes a ring tube 11, and an outer wall of the ring tube 11 is provided with an inlet pipe 12 communicated with the ring tube 11 for conveying a cooling liquid into the ring tube 11, and in this embodiment, by using two cooling liquid conveying pumps, one of the two cooling liquid conveying pumps is opened to use the other cooling liquid as a standby cooling liquid, so as to convey the cooling liquid into the ring tube 11 along the inlet pipe 12.
With reference to fig. 3 and 4, the cooling structure further includes a first cooling mechanism and a second cooling mechanism provided on the ring tube 11, the first cooling mechanism is configured to cool the periphery of one surface of the upper tube plate 1, and the second cooling mechanism is configured to cool the central position of one surface of the upper tube plate 1.
With reference to fig. 3 and 4, the first cooling mechanism includes a plurality of cooling tubes 13 disposed along the circumferential position of the inner wall of the annular tube 11 and communicated with the annular tube 11, in this embodiment, the cooling tubes 13 are totally disposed with 6 and uniformly distributed on the inner wall of the annular tube 11, a plurality of cooling holes 131 are opened on the surface of each cooling tube 13 facing the upper tube plate 1, the plurality of cooling tubes 13 are disposed away from the center of the annular tube 11 and extend toward the center of the upper tube plate 1, and the plurality of cooling holes 131 are uniformly opened on the cooling tubes 13 along the length direction of the cooling tubes 13.
With reference to fig. 2 and 5, the secondary cooling mechanism includes a connecting pipe 14 penetrating and fixedly connected to the central position of the upper tube plate 1, in this embodiment, the connecting pipe 14 is fixedly disposed at the central position of the upper tube plate 1 by welding; the tip that the connecting pipe 14 kept away from the cooling tube 13 is the opening setting, the tip that the connecting pipe 14 is close to the cooling tube 13 is the closed setting, the open end of connecting pipe 14 be located the tube sheet 1 top and with go up leave certain clearance between the tube sheet 1, the ring is provided with an installation section of thick bamboo 141 on the connecting pipe 14, the personally submitting of last tube sheet 1 is kept away from to installation section of thick bamboo 141 seals the setting, installation section of thick bamboo 141 is towards the face ring of tube sheet 1 to seted up delivery port 142, the tip that the annular tube 11 was kept away from to the cooling tube 13 communicates to on the installation section of thick bamboo 141.
When the coolant is conveyed to the annular pipe 11 through the water inlet pipe 12, one part of the coolant can be sprayed out through the cooling holes 131 on the plurality of cooling pipes 13 on the cooling pipes 13, so that the coolant can cool the periphery of the upper pipe plate 1, and the other part of the coolant can be sprayed to the upper pipe plate 1 through the discharge of the water outlet 142 on the mounting barrel 141, so that the coolant can cool the central position of the cooling pipes 13, the upper pipe plate 1 is prevented from being damaged due to overhigh temperature, the temperature at the central position of the upper pipe plate 1 is higher, more coolant is discharged through the annular water outlet 142, and the cooling effect on the central position of the upper pipe plate 1 is better.
As shown in fig. 1, a hydrocyanic acid oxidation reactor comprises a tube plate cooling structure, which comprises a reactor body, wherein the reactor comprises a lower tube box 2 and a cylinder 21 which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, an air inlet pipe 22 is arranged on the top wall of the cylinder 21 and communicated with the cylinder 21, and the cross section of the air inlet pipe 22 is arranged in a conical shape; an air outlet pipe 23 is arranged on the bottom wall of the lower pipe box 2 and communicated with the lower pipe box 2, and a plurality of discharge pipes 24 are arranged on the side wall of the cylinder 21 and positioned at the upper part of the cylinder 21 and communicated with the cylinder 21; in this embodiment, 8 discharge pipes 24 are provided, 8 discharge pipes 24 are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the drum 21, and the excess steam and water can be discharged along the discharge pipes 24; the bottom of the side wall of the cylinder 21 and positioned at one side of the cylinder 21 are communicated with the cylinder 21 and provided with a steam inlet pipe 25.
As shown in fig. 1, the cylinder 21 includes a first vertical section 211, a diameter-variable section 212, and a second vertical section 213 sequentially arranged from bottom to top, wherein the diameter of the first vertical section 211 is smaller than the diameter of the second vertical section 213, and the diameter of the diameter-variable section 212 is gradually increased from the first vertical section 211 to the second vertical section 213.
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, the upper tube plate 1 is disposed across the upper portion of the cylinder 21, and in order to increase the area of the upper tube plate 1, the upper tube plate 1 is disposed in the second vertical section 213, so that the upper tube plate 1 has a better temperature resistance effect; the annular tube 11 is annularly arranged outside the cylinder body 21 along the circumferential position of the cylinder body 21, the first cooling mechanism is arranged below the upper tube plate 1, the plurality of cooling tubes 13 are all arranged below the upper tube plate 1, the cooling holes 131 on the cooling tubes 13 are arranged towards the first plate body 15, and each cooling tube 13 penetrates through and is fixedly connected to the cylinder body 21; the bottom of the cylinder 21 is provided with a lower tube plate 26 in a crossing way; in order to cool the lower tube plate 26, a water inlet pipe 261 for introducing a cooling liquid to the lower tube plate 26 is provided at the bottom of the side wall of the cylinder 21 and in communication with the cylinder 21 at one side of the cylinder 21.
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, a plurality of tube holes (not shown in the figure) are formed in the upper tube plate 1 and the lower tube plate 26, a plurality of heat exchange tubes 27 are arranged between the upper tube plate 1 and the lower tube plate 26, two ends of each heat exchange tube 27 are open, one end of each heat exchange tube 27 is penetrated and fixedly connected to the upper tube plate 1, the other end of each heat exchange tube 27 is penetrated and fixedly connected to the lower tube plate 26, and the steam inlet tube 25 is located above the lower tube plate 26.
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, in order to further improve the flexibility of the upper tube plate 1, so that the upper tube plate 1 can adapt to high-temperature work better, the upper tube plate 1 includes a first plate 15, a second plate 16 and a third plate 17 which are integrally arranged, the third plate 17 is arranged between the first plate 15 and the second plate 16, the second plate 16 is annularly arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder 21, and the first plate 15 is located below the second plate 16; in the present embodiment, the first plate 15 and the second plate 16 are both disposed in the cylinder 21 along the horizontal direction, and the third plate 17 is disposed between the first plate 15 and the second plate 16 along the vertical direction; in order to reduce the temperature stress between the two facing away faces of the upper tube plate 1, the thickness of this upper tube plate 1 is set to 25 mm.
With reference to fig. 2 and 5, a protective layer 18 is disposed in the connecting pipe 14 and on a surface of the first plate body 15 facing away from the lower tube box 2; in the present embodiment, the protective layer 18 is made of refractory mortar; a fire-resistant ring 171 is arranged on the surface of the third plate body 17, which faces away from the cylinder 21, and in this embodiment, the fire-resistant ring 171 is made of a high-alumina refractory material; one side of the fire-resistant ring 171 is arranged on the protective layer 18, the other side is arranged on the top wall of the cylinder 21, and the surface of the second plate 16 departing from the lower tube box 2 is provided with a heat-insulating layer 161; in this embodiment, the insulating layer 161 is made of refractory mortar; the insulating layer 161 is positioned between the fire-resistant ring 171 and the side wall of the cylinder 21; the arrangement of the protective layer 18 and the heat insulation layer 161 improves the temperature resistance effect and the strength of the upper tube plate 1, so that the upper tube plate 1 is further prevented from being damaged.
With reference to fig. 1 and 2, in order to completely immerse the upper tube plate 1 with the coolant, the discharge pipe 24 is opposite to the surface of the second plate 16 facing the inner wall of the cylinder 21; in the present embodiment, the distance between the face of the upper tube sheet 1 facing away from the lower header tank 2 and the centerline of the discharge pipe 24 is set to 450mm so that sufficient cooling liquid submerges the upper tube sheet 1 to cool the upper tube sheet 1.
With reference to fig. 2 and fig. 6, in the present embodiment, the surface of the protection layer 18 away from the first plate 15 is sequentially provided with a large porcelain ring 151, a flower plate 152, a cross porcelain ring 153, a small porcelain ring 154, a support net 155 and a platinum net 156 in a direction away from the first plate 15, and the flower plate 152 is uniformly provided with a plurality of through holes; the oxidation reactor adopts Andrussow's method hydrocyanic acid, and methane, ammonia and oxygen are introduced into the oxidation reactor along the air inlet pipe 22 according to a certain proportion, and the hydrocyanic acid is synthesized by reaction under the condition of normal pressure over 1000 ℃ by taking the platinum net 156 as a catalyst.
With reference to fig. 1 and fig. 2, in order to detect the temperature of the coolant on the upper tube plate 1 and facilitate the detection of the sample after the oxidation reaction, a detection tube 214 is disposed on the cylinder 21 and communicated with the cylinder 21, the detection tube 214 is disposed at a position far away from the second plate 16 relative to the third plate 17, and the end of the detection tube 214 located in the cylinder 21 penetrates through the third plate 17 and is disposed at a position where it extends to the large ceramic ring 151; the detector tube 214 facilitates the detection of the temperature by an operator, and the sample can be taken out along the detector tube 214 for the detection of the sample.
The above are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (2)
1. A hydrocyanic acid oxidation reactor is characterized in that a used tube plate cooling structure comprises an upper tube plate (1) and a cooling structure for cooling the upper tube plate (1), the cooling structure comprises an annular tube (11), a water inlet pipe (12) for conveying cooling liquid into the annular tube (11) is arranged on the outer wall of the annular tube (11) and communicated with the annular tube (11), the cooling structure further comprises a first cooling mechanism and a second cooling mechanism which are arranged on the annular tube (11), the first cooling mechanism is used for cooling the periphery of one surface of the upper tube plate (1), and the second cooling mechanism is used for cooling the center of one surface of the upper tube plate (1); the first cooling mechanism comprises a plurality of cooling pipes (13) which are communicated with the annular pipe (11) along the circumferential position of the inner wall of the annular pipe (11), a plurality of cooling holes (131) are formed in the surface, facing the upper pipe plate (1), of each cooling pipe (13), and the plurality of cooling pipes (13) are far away from the center of the annular pipe (11) and extend towards the center of the upper pipe plate (1); the second cooling mechanism comprises a connecting pipe (14) which penetrates through and is fixedly connected to the center of the upper tube plate (1), the end, far away from the cooling pipe (13), of the connecting pipe (14) is open, the end, close to the cooling pipe (13), of the connecting pipe (14) is closed, an installation barrel (141) is arranged on the connecting pipe (14) in the circumferential direction, the surface, far away from the upper tube plate (1), of the installation barrel (141) is closed, the installation barrel (141) is annularly provided with a water outlet (142) towards the surface of the upper tube plate (1), and the end, far away from the annular pipe (11), of the cooling pipe (13) is communicated to the installation barrel (141);
the method is characterized in that: comprises a reactor body, the reactor comprises a lower tube box (2) and a barrel (21) which are sequentially arranged from bottom to top, the upper tube plate (1) stretches across the upper part of the barrel (21), the bottom of the barrel (21) stretches across the lower tube plate (26), a plurality of tube holes are formed in the upper tube plate (1) and the lower tube plate (26), a plurality of heat exchange tubes (27) are arranged between the upper tube plate (1) and the lower tube plate (26), two ends of each heat exchange tube (27) are arranged in an open manner, one end of each heat exchange tube (27) is arranged on the upper tube plate (1) in a penetrating manner and fixedly connected with the other end of the upper tube plate (1) in a penetrating manner, the other end of each heat exchange tube is arranged on the lower tube plate (26) in a penetrating manner, a ring-shaped tube (11) is annularly arranged outside the barrel (21) along the circumferential position of the barrel (21), a first cooling mechanism is arranged below the upper tube plate (1), and an air inlet pipe (22) is arranged on the top wall of the barrel (21) and communicated with the barrel (21), an air outlet pipe (23) is arranged on the bottom wall of the lower pipe box (2) and communicated with the lower pipe box (2), a plurality of discharge pipes (24) are arranged on the side wall of the barrel body (21) and positioned at the upper part of the barrel body (21) and communicated with the barrel body (21), an air inlet pipe (25) is arranged at the bottom of the side wall of the barrel body (21) and positioned at one side of the barrel body (21) and communicated with the barrel body (21), the air inlet pipe (25) is positioned above the lower pipe plate (26), and an air inlet pipe (261) used for introducing cooling liquid into the lower pipe plate (26) is arranged at the bottom of the side wall of the barrel body (21) and positioned at the other side of the barrel body (21) and communicated with the barrel body (21); the upper tube plate (1) comprises a first plate body (15), a second plate body (16) and a third plate body (17) which are integrally arranged, the third plate body (17) is arranged between the first plate body (15) and the second plate body (16), the second plate body (16) is annularly arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body (21), and the first plate body (15) is positioned below the second plate body (16); the discharge pipe (24) is opposite to the surface of the second plate body (16) facing the inner wall of the cylinder body (21), and protective layers (18) are arranged in the connecting pipe (14) and on the surface of the first plate body (15) departing from the lower pipe box (2); a fire-resistant ring (171) is arranged on the surface of the third plate body (17) departing from the cylinder body (21) in the circumferential direction, one side of the fire-resistant ring (171) is arranged on the protective layer (18), and the other side of the fire-resistant ring is arranged on the top wall of the cylinder body (21); an insulating layer (161) is arranged on the surface, deviating from the lower tube box (2), of the second plate body (16), and the insulating layer (161) is located between the fire-resistant ring (171) and the side wall of the barrel body (21).
2. A hydrocyanic acid oxidation reactor according to claim 1, wherein: barrel (21) include by lower supreme first vertical section (211), reducing section (212) and the vertical section of second (213) that set gradually, the diameter of first vertical section (211) is less than the diameter of the vertical section of second (213), the diameter of reducing section (212) is by first vertical section (211) towards the vertical section of second (213) crescent, it is located the vertical section of second (213) to go up tube sheet (1).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110626980.6A CN113267076B (en) | 2021-06-04 | 2021-06-04 | Hydrocyanic acid oxidation reactor and tube plate cooling structure thereof |
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| CN202110626980.6A CN113267076B (en) | 2021-06-04 | 2021-06-04 | Hydrocyanic acid oxidation reactor and tube plate cooling structure thereof |
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| CN113267076A CN113267076A (en) | 2021-08-17 |
| CN113267076B true CN113267076B (en) | 2022-08-23 |
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