CN113266460A - Abnormality monitoring method, control device, turbocharger, and engine system - Google Patents
Abnormality monitoring method, control device, turbocharger, and engine system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113266460A CN113266460A CN202110636194.4A CN202110636194A CN113266460A CN 113266460 A CN113266460 A CN 113266460A CN 202110636194 A CN202110636194 A CN 202110636194A CN 113266460 A CN113266460 A CN 113266460A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
- F02B39/16—Other safety measures for, or other control of, pumps
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B37/00—Engines characterised by provision of pumps driven at least for part of the time by exhaust
- F02B37/12—Control of the pumps
- F02B37/18—Control of the pumps by bypassing exhaust from the inlet to the outlet of turbine or to the atmosphere
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
- F02B39/16—Other safety measures for, or other control of, pumps
- F02B2039/162—Control of pump parameters to improve safety thereof
- F02B2039/164—Control of pump parameters to improve safety thereof the temperature of the pump, of the pump drive or the pumped fluid being limited
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B39/00—Component parts, details, or accessories relating to, driven charging or scavenging pumps, not provided for in groups F02B33/00 - F02B37/00
- F02B39/16—Other safety measures for, or other control of, pumps
- F02B2039/162—Control of pump parameters to improve safety thereof
- F02B2039/166—Control of pump parameters to improve safety thereof the fluid pressure in the pump or exhaust drive being limited
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
The invention provides an abnormality monitoring method, a control device, a turbocharger and an engine system, and belongs to the technical field of engine control. The anomaly monitoring method comprises the following steps: acquiring the supercharging pressure ratio, inlet temperature, outlet temperature and gas flow of the gas compressor; determining the adiabatic efficiency of the compressor according to the supercharging pressure ratio, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature; and determining whether the performance of the turbocharger is abnormal or not according to the adiabatic efficiency, the gas flow and the supercharging pressure ratio. Therefore, on the premise of not increasing or increasing little cost, the performance state of the turbocharger is more scientifically, comprehensively and accurately monitored, whether the current performance state of the turbocharger can meet the requirement or not is further determined, reliability prediction of the turbocharger is achieved, a reliable basis is provided for diagnosing engine faults, and performance deterioration and even mechanical damage of the turbocharger and the engine are prevented.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engine control, in particular to an abnormality monitoring method, a control device, a turbocharger and an engine system.
Background
The engine air inlet system mainly comprises an air filter, an air flow meter, an air inlet pressure sensor, a turbocharger compressor, a connecting pipe and the like. The main function is for the engine carry clean, dry, sufficient and stable air in order to satisfy the demand of engine, avoids impurity and large granule dust in the air to get into the engine combustion chamber, and then causes the unusual wearing and tearing of engine.
However, when the air intake system has air leakage, throttling, damage to the compressor of the turbocharger, damage to the turbocharger, and other faults, the performance of the turbocharger is deteriorated, and the energy of the engine exhaust gas is converted into the kinetic energy of the turbocharger, so that the performance of the engine system is reduced. For example, when boost pressure is too high, the supercharger overspeeds, and turbocharger reliability decreases; when the pressure of the engine before the vortex is too high, the pumping loss is large, and the power and the torque of the engine cannot reach target values; when the temperature before intercooling is too high, the engine cannot reach the required performance index; when the exhaust system and the air intake system leak air, the pressure before vortex is too low, and the vent valve hole leaks, the low-speed performance of the engine can not meet the requirement.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to at least one of solving or improving the problems of the prior art or related art.
To this end, a first aspect of the invention provides an abnormality monitoring method of a turbocharger.
The second aspect of the invention also provides a control device.
A third aspect of the invention also provides a turbocharger.
The fourth aspect of the invention also provides an engine system.
The fifth aspect of the present invention also provides a readable storage medium.
In view of this, a first aspect of the present invention provides an abnormality monitoring method for a turbocharger, including: acquiring the supercharging pressure ratio, inlet temperature, outlet temperature and gas flow of the gas compressor; determining the adiabatic efficiency of the compressor according to the supercharging pressure ratio, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature; and determining whether the performance of the turbocharger is abnormal or not according to the adiabatic efficiency, the gas flow and the supercharging pressure ratio.
The abnormality monitoring method of the turbocharger provided by the invention can be used for acquiring the supercharging pressure ratio, the inlet temperature, the outlet temperature and the gas flow of the gas compressor in real time in the running process of the turbocharger, wherein the supercharging pressure ratio is the ratio of the outlet pressure and the inlet pressure of the gas compressor. And calculating the heat insulation efficiency of the gas compressor by using the supercharging pressure ratio, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the gas compressor, and judging whether the turbocharger can normally operate or not by integrating the heat insulation efficiency, the gas flow and the supercharging pressure ratio. Therefore, on the premise of not increasing or increasing little cost, the performance state of the turbocharger is more scientifically, comprehensively and accurately monitored, whether the current performance state of the turbocharger can meet the requirement or not is further determined, reliability prediction of the turbocharger is achieved, reliable basis is provided for diagnosing engine faults, performance deterioration and even mechanical damage of the turbocharger and the engine are prevented, and whether the matching of the compressor and the engine is reasonable or not is favorably checked.
In addition, the turbocharger includes: the device comprises a turbine, a compressor and a detection device. The air compressor is connected with the turbine, the air compressor can compress air under the driving of the turbine, and the compressed air is transmitted to an air cylinder of the engine so as to increase the combustion amount of fuel in the engine and the rotating speed of the engine and enhance the output power of the engine. Then, the exhaust gas generated by the operation of the engine drives the turbine to rotate under the inertia effect, and further, the compressor is continuously driven to perform gas compression.
According to the abnormality monitoring method for the turbocharger provided by the invention, the following additional technical characteristics can be provided:
in any of the above technical solutions, further determining whether the turbocharger has a performance abnormality according to the adiabatic efficiency, the gas flow rate, and the boost pressure ratio includes: if the gas flow is within a preset flow range, acquiring a heat insulation efficiency threshold value, and determining a preset pressure ratio range corresponding to the gas flow according to a target corresponding relation between the gas flow and the preset pressure ratio range; if the supercharging pressure ratio is within the preset pressure ratio range and the adiabatic efficiency is greater than the adiabatic efficiency threshold value, determining that the performance of the turbocharger is not abnormal; and if the gas flow exceeds a preset flow range, or the supercharging pressure ratio exceeds a preset pressure ratio range, or the adiabatic efficiency is less than or equal to the adiabatic efficiency threshold value, determining that the performance of the turbocharger is abnormal.
In the technical scheme, the gas flow and the preset flow range are compared, when the gas flow is in the preset flow range, the gas flow is shown to be in accordance with the flow range allowed in the operation process of the turbocharger, a preset adiabatic efficiency threshold value is obtained, and meanwhile, the preset pressure ratio range corresponding to the gas flow is determined according to the target corresponding relation between the gas flow and the preset pressure ratio range. Through the comparison of the supercharging pressure ratio and the preset pressure ratio range, and the adiabatic efficiency threshold value, the turbocharger in operation is judged to meet the performance requirement, so that the gas flow, the supercharging pressure ratio and the adiabatic efficiency are comprehensively considered, the performance abnormity of the turbocharger is monitored in real time, the problem of failure caused by performance deterioration of the turbocharger due to long-time existence is avoided, the operation cost is favorably reduced, and the high efficiency and the reliability of the operation of an engine system are ensured.
Specifically, when the supercharging pressure ratio is within a preset pressure ratio range, that is, the supercharging pressure ratio is greater than or equal to a lower limit value of the preset pressure ratio range and is less than or equal to an upper limit value of the preset pressure ratio range, and the adiabatic efficiency is greater than an adiabatic efficiency threshold value, it is determined that the turbocharger is not abnormal if the compressor can continuously operate at a certain efficiency. When any condition that the gas flow exceeds a preset flow range, the supercharging pressure ratio exceeds a preset pressure ratio range (the supercharging pressure ratio is smaller than the lower limit value of the preset pressure ratio range or larger than the upper limit value of the preset pressure ratio range) and the heat insulation efficiency is smaller than or equal to the heat insulation efficiency threshold value is met, flow field parameters (such as pressure, flow, temperature, noise and the like) or efficiency of the gas compressor at the moment are not up to the standard, and the turbocharger performance is determined to be not met, namely the performance is abnormal.
Further, if the supercharging pressure ratio is smaller than the lower limit value of the preset pressure ratio range, the performance deviation of the air compressor is indicated, so that the turbocharger cannot meet the supercharging requirement of the engine, the power of the engine is reduced, and the performance abnormality is determined. If the supercharging pressure ratio is larger than the upper limit value of the preset pressure ratio range, the condition that the compression degree of the air by the turbocharger is far larger than the supercharging requirement of the engine is shown, the possibility of useless work or the problem of blockage exist, resource waste is easily caused, even potential safety hazards exist, and the performance abnormity is determined to exist.
The preset pressure ratio range is used for representing a pressure ratio boundary when the performance state of the turbocharger meets the requirement, the adiabatic efficiency threshold is used for representing an efficiency boundary when the performance state of the turbocharger meets the requirement, and the adiabatic efficiency threshold can be reasonably set according to the efficiency requirement of a user on the turbocharger.
In any of the above technical solutions, further, before determining whether the performance of the turbocharger is abnormal according to the adiabatic efficiency, the gas flow rate, and the boost pressure ratio, the method further includes: acquiring equipment information of a turbocharger; determining a preset flow range and a target corresponding relation according to the equipment information; obtaining an adiabatic efficiency threshold comprising: determining an adiabatic efficiency threshold based on the device information; wherein the device information includes: the sizes of the air inlet and the air outlet of the air compressor and the model of the turbine.
In the technical scheme, the difference between the flow field parameters of the compressor and the achievable efficiency is considered when different turbochargers operate. Therefore, before judging whether the performance of the turbocharger is abnormal or not, the equipment information of the turbocharger is firstly acquired, a proper preset flow range, a target corresponding relation between the gas flow and the preset pressure ratio range and an adiabatic efficiency threshold corresponding to the equipment information are selected through the equipment information, so that the adiabatic efficiency threshold, the preset flow range and the preset pressure ratio range can meet the abnormal detection requirement of the current turbocharger, and the accuracy of abnormal monitoring is further ensured.
Wherein the device information includes: the sizes of the air inlet and the air outlet of the air compressor and the model of the turbine. The turbine type directly determines the maximum value and the minimum value of the supercharging pressure ratio of the air compressor, and the air inlet flow speed allowed by the air compressor is determined by the sizes of the air inlet and the air outlet. Therefore, different turbochargers can be distinguished through the equipment information of the turbochargers, so that the optimal preset flow range, the optimal preset pressure ratio range and the optimal adiabatic efficiency threshold value which are suitable for the turbochargers are matched.
In any of the above technical solutions, further, the method for monitoring abnormality of a turbocharger further includes: acquiring supercharging pressure ratio data corresponding to different gas flows of a gas compressor in the process that the turbocharger operates at a specified turbine speed; calculating preset pressure ratio ranges of different gas flows according to the supercharging pressure ratio data and the preset error amount; and recording the target corresponding relation between each gas flow in different gas flows and the preset pressure ratio range.
In the technical scheme, before the turbocharger is actually applied, the parameters of the turbocharger are calibrated. Specifically, the turbocharger is controlled to operate at a specified turbine speed, and boost pressure ratio data corresponding to different gas flows of the compressor in the operation process of the turbocharger are obtained. And taking the supercharging pressure ratio data corresponding to different gas flows as a reference, taking a preset error amount as an offset to perform threshold operation, and taking the obtained two thresholds as an upper limit value and a lower limit value of a preset pressure ratio range respectively, namely the preset pressure ratio range. And recording the target corresponding relation between each gas flow in different gas flows and the preset pressure ratio range so as to conveniently and objectively and comprehensively monitor the abnormal performance by using the target corresponding relation and meet the performance requirements of the turbocharger in different running states.
In any of the above technical solutions, further, the method for monitoring abnormality of a turbocharger further includes: and if the performance of the turbocharger is abnormal, outputting prompt information according to the adiabatic efficiency, the gas flow and the supercharging pressure ratio.
In the technical scheme, after the performance of the turbocharger is abnormal, prompt information is sent to a manager according to the adiabatic efficiency, the gas flow and the supercharging pressure ratio, so that the abnormal condition of the turbocharger of the manager is prompted by the prompt information. The problem of performance reduction or failure of the engine caused by the fact that the turbocharger cannot meet performance requirements for a long time is solved, the running cost of the engine system is reduced, and the safety of the turbocharger and the engine can be improved.
In any of the above technical solutions, further, the method for monitoring abnormality of a turbocharger further includes: and if the performance of the turbocharger is abnormal, setting an operation parameter range which can be executed by an engine connected with the turbocharger according to at least one of a first difference value between the supercharging pressure ratio and the upper limit value of the preset pressure ratio range, a second difference value between the supercharging pressure ratio and the lower limit value of the preset pressure ratio range and a third difference value between the adiabatic efficiency and the adiabatic efficiency threshold value.
In the technical scheme, after the performance of the turbocharger is abnormal, prompt information related to the abnormality can be sent, the range of operation parameters which can be executed by an engine connected with the turbocharger can be set according to the related parameters, namely the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the operation parameters of the engine are set, the current operation parameters of the engine are limited through the range of the operation parameters, the probability of danger caused by the fault of the turbine engine is reduced, sufficient time is provided for eliminating the abnormality on the basis of maintaining the operation of an engine system, and the reliability of the engine system is improved.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a control apparatus comprising: a memory storing a program or instructions; and the processor is connected with the memory and realizes the abnormality monitoring method of the turbocharger according to the first aspect when the processor executes the program or the instructions. Therefore, the control device has all the advantages of the method for monitoring abnormality of a turbocharger according to the first aspect, and redundant description is omitted to avoid redundancy.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is also provided a turbocharger comprising: a compressor; the detection device is used for detecting the supercharging pressure ratio, the inlet temperature, the outlet temperature and the gas flow of the gas compressor, wherein the ratio of the outlet pressure to the inlet pressure is the supercharging pressure ratio; in a second aspect, the control device is connected to the detection device.
In this embodiment, the turbocharger includes a compressor, a detection device, and a control device. The compressor is used for compressing air. An air inlet pipe is connected between the air source and the air compressor, an air outlet pipe is connected between the air compressor and the engine, air enters the air compressor of the turbocharger through the air inlet pipe, the air compressor compresses the air under the driving of the turbine, and the compressed air is transmitted to the engine through the air outlet pipe. The control device can calculate the heat insulation efficiency according to the supercharging pressure ratio, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature detected by the detection device, and comprehensively considers the heat insulation efficiency, the gas flow and the supercharging pressure ratio to judge whether the performance of the turbocharger is abnormal. Therefore, the control device is utilized to realize the real-time monitoring of the performance abnormity of the turbocharger in the running process of the turbocharger, and further determine whether the performance state of the turbocharger at present can meet the requirement, thereby providing a reliable basis for diagnosing the engine fault, preventing the performance deterioration and even the mechanical damage of the turbocharger and the engine, and improving the reliability of the turbocharger.
Further, the detection device includes a pressure sensor, a temperature sensor, and a flow sensor. And the pressure sensors are arranged at the air inlet and the air outlet of the air compressor and used for detecting the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the air compressor so as to facilitate the control device to calculate the supercharging pressure ratio through the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure. The flow sensor is arranged at the air outlet and used for detecting the gas flow of the gas compressor. The temperature sensors are arranged at the air inlet and the air outlet of the air compressor and used for detecting the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the air compressor.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is also provided an engine system comprising: an engine; in a third aspect, a turbocharger is provided that is coupled to an engine. Therefore, the engine system has all the advantages of the turbocharger provided by the third aspect, and redundant description is omitted for avoiding redundancy.
It is worth mentioning that the control device in the turbocharger can also be used to control the engine to optimize the structure of the engine system.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a readable storage medium having stored thereon a program or instructions which, when executed by a processor, performs the abnormality monitoring method of the turbocharger proposed in the first aspect. Therefore, the readable storage medium has all the advantages of the method for monitoring abnormality of a turbocharger according to the first aspect, and redundant description is omitted for avoiding redundancy.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 shows one of the flow diagrams of an abnormality monitoring method of a turbocharger according to one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a second schematic flow chart of a method for monitoring turbocharger abnormalities in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a third schematic flow chart of a method for monitoring an abnormality of a turbocharger according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 shows a fourth flowchart of an abnormality monitoring method of a turbocharger according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 5 shows a fifth flowchart of a method of abnormality monitoring of a turbocharger according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 shows a sixth flowchart of an abnormality monitoring method of a turbocharger according to an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 7 is a block diagram showing a control apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of an engine system according to an embodiment of the present invention;
figure 9 shows a compressor performance curve diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein, the correspondence between the reference numbers and the names of the components in fig. 8 is:
800 turbocharger, 810 compressor, 822 air inlet pipe, 824 air outlet pipe, 832 pressure sensor, 834 flow sensor, 836 temperature sensor, 840 control device, 850 alarm prompting device and 900 engine.
Detailed Description
In order that the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention can be more clearly understood, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to the appended drawings. It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application may be combined with each other without conflict.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, however, the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described herein, and therefore the scope of the present invention is not limited by the specific embodiments disclosed below.
An abnormality monitoring method of a turbocharger, a control device, a turbocharger, and an engine system according to some embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to fig. 1 to 9.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, according to an embodiment of a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided an abnormality monitoring method of a turbocharger, including:
102, acquiring a supercharging pressure ratio, an inlet temperature, an outlet temperature and a gas flow of a gas compressor in the running process of the turbocharger;
104, determining the heat insulation efficiency of the gas compressor according to the supercharging pressure ratio, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature;
and step 106, determining whether the performance of the turbocharger is abnormal or not according to the adiabatic efficiency, the gas flow and the supercharging pressure ratio.
In the embodiment, in the operation process of the turbocharger, the supercharging pressure ratio, the inlet temperature, the outlet temperature and the gas flow of the gas compressor are obtained in real time, wherein the supercharging pressure ratio is the ratio of the outlet pressure to the inlet pressure of the gas compressor, the adiabatic efficiency of the gas compressor is calculated by utilizing the supercharging pressure ratio, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the gas compressor, and whether the turbocharger can normally operate is judged by integrating the adiabatic efficiency, the gas flow and the supercharging pressure ratio. Therefore, on the premise of not increasing or increasing little cost, the performance state of the turbocharger is more scientifically, comprehensively and accurately monitored, whether the current performance state of the turbocharger can meet the requirement or not is further determined, reliability prediction of the turbocharger is achieved, a reliable basis is provided for diagnosing engine faults, and performance deterioration and even mechanical damage of the turbocharger and the engine are prevented.
The inlet temperature and the inlet pressure are data detected at an air inlet of the air compressor, and also can be data detected at an air inlet pipe of the air compressor in the engine system, the outlet temperature and the outlet pressure are data detected at an air outlet of the air compressor, and also can be data detected at an air outlet pipe of the air compressor in the engine system, and the air flow is the flow of compressed air conveyed to the engine from the air compressor.
Specifically, the adiabatic efficiency is the ratio of the required adiabatic work to the actual compression work when the air per unit mass is compressed to a certain pressure ratio, and is used for representing the theoretical pneumatic power of the air compressor, and the adiabatic efficiency is calculated by adopting the following formula:
wherein the content of the first and second substances,π c in order to obtain a high supercharging pressure ratio,P 2is the pressure at the outlet of the compressor,P 1is the inlet pressure of the gas compressor,η c in order to achieve an efficiency of the heat insulation,T 2is the temperature at the outlet of the compressor,T 1is the inlet temperature of the gas compressor,kis a thermodynamic constant.
In addition, the turbocharger includes: the device comprises a turbine, a compressor and a detection device. The air compressor is connected with the turbine, the air compressor can compress air under the driving of the turbine, and the compressed air is transmitted to an air cylinder of the engine so as to increase the combustion amount of fuel in the engine and the rotating speed of the engine and enhance the output power of the engine. Then, the exhaust gas generated by the operation of the engine drives the turbine to rotate under the inertia effect, and further, the compressor is continuously driven to perform gas compression.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 2, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an abnormality monitoring method of a turbocharger, including:
step 202, acquiring a supercharging pressure ratio, an inlet temperature, an outlet temperature and a gas flow of a gas compressor in the running process of the turbocharger;
step 204, determining the heat insulation efficiency of the gas compressor according to the supercharging pressure ratio, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature;
step 208, obtaining an adiabatic efficiency threshold, and determining a preset pressure ratio range corresponding to the gas flow according to a target corresponding relation between the gas flow and the preset pressure ratio range;
in step 214, a performance abnormality of the turbocharger is determined.
In this embodiment, the gas flow rate and the preset flow rate range are compared, and when the gas flow rate is within the preset flow rate range, it is described that the gas flow rate conforms to the flow rate range allowed in the operation process of the turbocharger, a preset adiabatic efficiency threshold is obtained, and meanwhile, the preset pressure ratio range corresponding to the gas flow rate is determined according to the target corresponding relationship between the gas flow rate and the preset pressure ratio range. Through the pressure ratio of the pressurization and the range of the preset pressure ratio, and the adiabatic efficiency threshold value, the turbocharger in operation is judged to meet the performance requirement, so that the gas flow, the pressure ratio of the pressurization and the adiabatic efficiency are comprehensively considered, the performance of the turbocharger is monitored in real time abnormally, the turbocharger is prevented from being in the problem of failure caused by performance deterioration for a long time, the operation cost is reduced, and the high efficiency and the reliability of the operation of an engine system are ensured.
Specifically, when the supercharging pressure ratio is in a preset pressure ratio range, that is, the supercharging pressure ratio is greater than or equal to a lower limit value of the preset pressure ratio range and less than or equal to an upper limit value of the preset pressure ratio range, and the adiabatic efficiency is greater than an adiabatic efficiency threshold value, it is determined that the turbocharger is not abnormal, if the compressor can continuously operate at a certain efficiency. Under the condition that any one of the conditions that the gas flow exceeds a preset flow range, the supercharging pressure ratio exceeds a preset pressure ratio range (the supercharging pressure ratio is smaller than the lower limit value of the preset pressure ratio range or larger than the upper limit value of the preset pressure ratio range) and the heat insulation efficiency is smaller than or equal to the heat insulation efficiency threshold is met, the flow field parameter or the efficiency of the gas compressor does not reach the standard at the moment, and the performance of the turbocharger is determined to be not met, namely the performance is abnormal.
Further, if the supercharging pressure ratio is smaller than the lower limit value of the preset pressure ratio range, the performance deviation of the air compressor is indicated, so that the turbocharger cannot meet the supercharging requirement of the engine, the power of the engine is reduced, and the performance abnormality is determined. If the supercharging pressure ratio is larger than the upper limit value of the preset pressure ratio range, the condition that the compression degree of the air by the turbocharger is far larger than the supercharging requirement of the engine is shown, the possibility of useless work or the problem of blockage exist, resource waste is easily caused, even potential safety hazards exist, and the performance abnormity is determined to exist.
The preset pressure ratio range is used for representing a pressure ratio boundary when the performance state of the turbocharger meets the requirement, the adiabatic efficiency threshold is used for representing an efficiency boundary when the performance state of the turbocharger meets the requirement, and the adiabatic efficiency threshold can be reasonably set according to the efficiency requirement of a user on the turbocharger.
Example 3:
as shown in fig. 3, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an abnormality monitoring method of a turbocharger, including:
308, determining the heat insulation efficiency of the gas compressor according to the supercharging pressure ratio, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature;
in step 318, it is determined that a performance abnormality of the turbocharger has occurred.
In this embodiment, the flow field parameters of the compressor and the achievable efficiency are considered to be different for different turbocharger operations. Therefore, before judging whether the performance of the turbocharger is abnormal or not, the equipment information of the turbocharger is firstly acquired, a proper preset flow range, a target corresponding relation between the gas flow and the preset pressure ratio range and an adiabatic efficiency threshold corresponding to the equipment information are selected through the equipment information, so that the adiabatic efficiency threshold, the preset flow range and the preset pressure ratio range can meet the abnormal detection requirement of the current turbocharger, and the accuracy of abnormal monitoring is further ensured.
Wherein the device information includes: the sizes of the air inlet and the air outlet of the air compressor and the model of the turbine. The turbine type directly determines the maximum value and the minimum value of the supercharging pressure ratio of the air compressor, and the air inlet flow speed allowed by the air compressor is determined by the sizes of the air inlet and the air outlet. Therefore, different turbochargers can be distinguished through the equipment information of the turbochargers, so that the optimal preset flow range, the optimal preset pressure ratio range and the optimal adiabatic efficiency threshold value which are suitable for the turbochargers are matched.
Example 4:
as shown in fig. 4, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an abnormality monitoring method of a turbocharger, including:
402, acquiring supercharging pressure ratio data corresponding to different gas flows of a gas compressor in the process that the turbocharger runs at a specified turbine speed;
in step 420, a performance anomaly of the turbocharger is determined.
In this embodiment, the turbocharger parameters are calibrated before the turbocharger is actually used. Specifically, the turbocharger is controlled to operate at a specified turbine speed, and boost pressure ratio data corresponding to different gas flows of the compressor in the operation process of the turbocharger are obtained. And taking the supercharging pressure ratio data corresponding to different gas flows as a reference, taking a preset error amount as an offset to perform threshold operation, and taking the obtained two thresholds as an upper limit value and a lower limit value of a preset pressure ratio range respectively, namely the preset pressure ratio range. And recording the target corresponding relation between each gas flow in different gas flows and the preset pressure ratio range so as to conveniently and objectively and comprehensively monitor the abnormal performance by using the target corresponding relation and meet the performance requirements of the turbocharger in different running states.
For example, to ensure reliable operation of a turbocharger on an engine system, a turbocharger compressor performance curve is measured experimentally before the turbocharger is matched to the engine. Fig. 9 is a schematic diagram showing a compressor performance curve of a turbocharger at a temperature of 298K and an air pressure of 100Kpa, and includes a surge line, a maximum rotation speed line, a blockage line and an equivalent line, wherein the equivalent rotation speed line having the maximum ordinate value is designated as the maximum rotation speed line, and a curve formed by a series of points formed by intersecting the maximum flow rate with the 60% equivalent line in fig. 9 is the blockage line. The surge line, top speed line, blockage line and equivalent line are used to represent the critical line and adiabatic efficiency threshold for normal compressor operation, respectively. If the air inlet flow and the booster pressure ratio of the air compressor are in the area enclosed by the surge line, the highest rotating speed line and the blocking line, the turbocharger can normally operate, and the performance abnormity of the turbocharger which normally operates can be monitored through the booster pressure ratio and the preset pressure ratio range. For example, for the preset flow rate range, the abscissa covered by the surge line, the maximum rotation speed line, and the occlusion line may be used as the preset flow rate range, or a portion of the abscissas of the surge line, the maximum rotation speed line, and the occlusion line may be selected as the preset flow rate range as needed. For the preset pressure ratio range, the ordinate of the surge line, the maximum rotating speed line and the blocking line can be used as the upper limit value of the preset pressure ratio range, and the difference between the ordinate of the surge line, the maximum rotating speed line and the blocking line and the preset error amount can be used as the lower limit value of the preset pressure ratio range; or when the boost pressure ratio data is selected as a reference point in a range enclosed by the surge line, the maximum rotating speed line and the blocking line as required, the upper limit value of the preset pressure ratio range can be formed according to the sum of the boost pressure ratio data and the preset error amount, and the lower limit value of the preset pressure ratio range can be formed according to the difference between the boost pressure ratio data and the preset error amount.
Example 5:
as shown in fig. 5, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an abnormality monitoring method of a turbocharger, including:
and step 508, if the performance of the turbocharger is abnormal, outputting prompt information according to the heat insulation efficiency, the gas flow and the supercharging pressure ratio.
In this embodiment, after the performance abnormality of the turbocharger occurs, a prompt message is sent to the manager according to the adiabatic efficiency, the gas flow rate, and the supercharging pressure ratio, so that the manager is prompted about the abnormality of the turbocharger by using the prompt message. The problem of performance reduction or failure of the engine caused by the fact that the turbocharger cannot meet performance requirements for a long time is solved, the running cost of the engine system is reduced, and the safety of the turbocharger and the engine can be improved.
Specifically, the prompt information may include a supercharging pressure ratio, an inlet temperature, an outlet temperature of the compressor, flow field parameters such as a gas flow rate, an adiabatic efficiency, equipment information of the turbocharger, and the like when the fault occurs, so that a manager can analyze the cause of the abnormality and take corresponding measures to eliminate the abnormality. The prompt information can be transmitted to a management terminal connected with the engine system through a data wire harness, and can also be transmitted to a mobile terminal of a manager through communication modes such as a data network, WIFI and Bluetooth, so that the manager can conveniently monitor the engine system remotely. The output form of the prompt message comprises one or a combination of light, voice, characters and images.
Example 6:
as shown in fig. 6, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an abnormality monitoring method of a turbocharger, including:
step 602, in the running process of the turbocharger, acquiring the supercharging pressure ratio, the inlet temperature, the outlet temperature and the gas flow of the gas compressor;
In the embodiment, after the performance of the turbocharger is abnormal, not only can prompt information related to the abnormality be sent, but also the operation parameter range which can be executed by the engine connected with the turbocharger can be set according to related parameters, namely the upper limit value and the lower limit value of the operation parameters of the engine are set, so that the current operation parameters of the engine are limited through the operation parameter range, the probability of danger caused by the fault of the turbocharger is reduced, sufficient time is provided for eliminating the abnormality on the basis of maintaining the operation of an engine system, and the reliability of the engine system is improved.
For example, if the boost pressure ratio is greater than the upper limit value of the preset pressure ratio range, that is, the boost pressure is excessive, the maximum turbine speed may be reduced by decreasing the range of the allowable exhaust gas displacement of the engine or increasing the range of the allowable opening degree of the exhaust bypass valve of the engine according to a first difference between the boost pressure ratio and the upper limit value of the preset pressure ratio range. If the supercharging pressure ratio is smaller than the lower limit value of the preset pressure ratio range, namely the supercharging pressure is insufficient, the allowable operation power range of the engine can be reduced according to the second difference value of the supercharging pressure ratio and the upper limit value of the preset pressure ratio range, so that the supercharging requirement of the engine is reduced. Similarly, when the adiabatic efficiency is less than the adiabatic efficiency threshold, the upper and lower limits of the engine operating parameter may be adjusted using a third difference between the adiabatic efficiency and the adiabatic efficiency threshold.
Example 7:
as shown in fig. 7, according to the embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, a control device 840 is provided, which includes a processor 844, a memory 842 and a program or instructions stored on the memory 842 and executable on the processor 844, and when the program or instructions are executed by the processor 844, the steps of the abnormality monitoring method for a turbocharger according to the embodiment of the first aspect are implemented. Therefore, the control device 840 has all the advantages of the abnormality monitoring method for the turbocharger according to the first embodiment.
Example 8:
as shown in fig. 8, according to the embodiment of the third aspect of the present invention, a turbocharger 800 is provided, which includes a compressor 810, detection devices (832, 834, 836), and a control device 840 according to the embodiment of the second aspect.
In detail, the detecting device is used for detecting the outlet pressure, the inlet temperature, the outlet temperature and the gas flow of the compressor 810, wherein the ratio of the outlet pressure to the inlet pressure is a supercharging pressure ratio. The control device 840 is connected with the detection device, and the control device 840 is used for determining the adiabatic efficiency of the compressor according to the supercharging pressure ratio, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature detected by the detection device, and determining whether the turbocharger has abnormal performance according to the adiabatic efficiency, the gas flow and the supercharging pressure ratio.
In this embodiment, a compressor 810 is used to compress air. Air enters the compressor 810 of the turbocharger 800 through the air inlet pipe 822, the compressor 810 compresses the air under the driving of the turbine, and the compressed air is transmitted to the engine 900 through the air outlet pipe 824. The control device 840 can determine the fault information of the turbocharger 800 according to the inlet pressure, the outlet pressure, and the gas flow rate collected by the detection device. Therefore, the control device 840 is utilized to realize the real-time monitoring of the performance abnormity of the turbocharger 800 in the running process of the turbocharger 800, and further determine whether the current performance state of the turbocharger can meet the requirement, thereby providing a reliable basis for diagnosing the engine fault, preventing the performance deterioration and even the mechanical damage of the turbocharger 800 and the engine 900, and improving the reliability of the turbocharger 800.
Further, the detection devices include a pressure sensor 832, a flow sensor 834, and a temperature sensor 836. The pressure sensor 832 is used to detect the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the compressor 810. A flow sensor 834 is used to detect the gas flow of the compressor 810. The temperature sensor 836 is used to detect the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the compressor 810.
Example 9:
as shown in fig. 8, according to an embodiment of the fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an engine system including: an engine 900 and a turbocharger 800 according to the third aspect embodiment connected to the engine 900. The engine system thus provides all of the benefits of the turbocharger 800 proposed in the third aspect embodiment.
Further, an intake pipe 822 and an outlet pipe 824 are connected between the engine 900 and the turbocharger 800. An air inlet of the air inlet pipe 822 is connected with an air source, and an air outlet of the air inlet pipe 822 is connected with the compressor 810. An air inlet of the air outlet pipe 824 is connected with the compressor 810, and an air outlet of the air outlet pipe 824 is connected with the engine 900. Pressure sensors 832 may be provided in the inlet 822 and outlet 824 tubes.
Specifically, air enters the compressor 810 of the turbocharger 800 through the air inlet pipe 822, the compressor 810 compresses the air under the driving of a turbine, and the compressed air is transmitted to the cylinder of the engine 900 through the air outlet pipe 824 of the turbocharger 800, so that the combustion amount of fuel in the engine 900 and the rotating speed of the engine 900 are increased, and the output power of the engine 900 is enhanced. Then, the exhaust gas generated by the operation of the engine 900 drives the turbine to rotate under the inertia effect, and further continues to drive the compressor 810 to compress the gas.
Example 10:
as shown in fig. 8, according to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an engine system, wherein the engine system includes: turbocharger 800 and engine 900 and the necessary wiring harness.
Specifically, the turbocharger 800 includes a compressor 810, a pre-compression air inlet pipe 822, a post-compression air outlet pipe 824, a pressure sensor 832 (a pre-compression pressure sensor and a post-compression pressure sensor), a flow sensor 834, a temperature sensor 836 (a pre-compression temperature sensor and a post-compression temperature sensor), and an alarm prompting device 850. Air enters the inlet of the compressor 810 from the pre-compressor 822, flows through the outlet of the compressor 810, and passes through the post-compressor 824 to the cylinders of the engine 900. A pre-pressure sensor and a pre-pressure temperature sensor are arranged at the inlet of the compressor 810, and a flow sensor 834, a post-pressure sensor and a post-pressure temperature sensor are arranged at the outlet of the compressor 810. The pre-pressure sensor, the flow sensor 834 and the post-pressure sensor are connected with an electronic engine control unit (control device 840), and the measured inlet and outlet pressures, inlet and outlet temperatures and gas flow are transmitted to the electronic engine control unit. The alarm prompting device 850 is connected with an engine electronic control unit.
In the development process of an engine system, pressure ratio, flow and efficiency parameters of the engine under different working conditions are measured and recorded, the parameters are corrected to be parameters under standard atmospheric pressure, and the data are stored in an electronic control unit, namely the calibration work of the combined operation of the compressor and the engine is completed. As shown in fig. 9, the operating condition includes a surge line, a maximum rotation speed line, a blockage line and an equivalent line, the surge line, the maximum rotation speed line and the blockage line are critical lines of normal operation of the compressor, and a pressure ratio and a flow rate corresponding to each point in a range enclosed by the surge line, the maximum rotation speed line and the blockage line are respectively set as a first threshold and a second threshold (a preset pressure ratio range), the first threshold is smaller than the second threshold, and an efficiency minimum value (an adiabatic efficiency threshold) is set.
Wherein the adiabatic efficiency is the ratio of the required adiabatic work to the actual compression work when the air per unit mass is compressed to a certain pressure ratio, and the adiabatic efficiency is calculated by the following formulaη c ：
Wherein the content of the first and second substances,π c in order to obtain a high supercharging pressure ratio,P 2is the pressure at the outlet of the compressor,P 1is the inlet pressure of the gas compressor,η c in order to achieve an efficiency of the heat insulation,T 2is the temperature at the outlet of the compressor,T 1is the inlet temperature of the gas compressor,kis a thermodynamic constant.
And in the actual use process of the engine system, comparing the calculated supercharging pressure ratio and the calculated flow with a first threshold and a second threshold of the combined operation data stored in the electronic control unit. When the measured value is between the first threshold value and the second threshold value, the performance of the air intake system of the engine system is considered to be normal. If the flow and the pressure are lower than the first threshold value, the performance deviation is considered; and if the flow and the pressure are higher than the second threshold value, the numerical value is considered to be too large, and the requirement is not met. And if the efficiency is lower than the preset efficiency threshold, the efficiency is considered to be low and the requirement is not met. When the performance does not meet the requirements, the electronic control unit feeds a fault signal back to the alarm prompting device 850 to prompt an operator of the engine 900 to carry out work such as shutdown inspection and the like, so that the aims of protecting the turbocharger 800 and the engine 900 are fulfilled.
In this embodiment, the existing electronic control unit for controlling the engine 900 in the engine system is used, and the electronic control unit compares the pressure ratio, flow rate parameters and adiabatic efficiency of the engine 900 under different working conditions with the characteristic data of the compressor 810 during normal operation in real time, so that the performance state monitoring and automatic alarm of the compressor 810 and the air intake system are more scientifically and comprehensively performed, a basis is provided for diagnosing the engine 900, and the performance deterioration and even mechanical damage of the turbocharger 800 and the engine 900 are prevented.
Example 11:
according to an embodiment of a fifth aspect of the present invention, a readable storage medium is proposed, on which a program or instructions are stored, which when executed by a processor, performs the abnormality monitoring method of the turbocharger proposed in the embodiment of the first aspect. Therefore, the readable storage medium has all the advantages of the method for monitoring abnormality of a turbocharger provided in the embodiment of the first aspect, and redundant description is omitted for avoiding redundancy.
In the present invention, the term "plurality" means two or more unless explicitly defined otherwise. The terms "mounted," "connected," "fixed," and the like are to be construed broadly and include, for example, fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; "coupled" may be direct or indirect through an intermediary. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the description herein, the description of the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "specific embodiments," etc., means that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An abnormality monitoring method for a turbocharger, characterized in that the turbocharger includes a compressor, the abnormality monitoring method comprising:
in the running process of the turbocharger, acquiring the supercharging pressure ratio, the inlet temperature, the outlet temperature and the gas flow of the gas compressor;
determining the adiabatic efficiency of the compressor according to the supercharging pressure ratio, the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature;
and determining whether the performance of the turbocharger is abnormal or not according to the adiabatic efficiency, the gas flow and the supercharging pressure ratio.
2. The abnormality monitoring method for a turbocharger according to claim 1, wherein said determining whether a performance abnormality has occurred in the turbocharger based on the adiabatic efficiency, the gas flow rate, and the boost pressure ratio includes:
if the gas flow is within a preset flow range, acquiring a thermal insulation efficiency threshold value, and determining a preset pressure ratio range corresponding to the gas flow according to a target corresponding relation between the gas flow and the preset pressure ratio range;
if the supercharging pressure ratio is within the preset pressure ratio range and the adiabatic efficiency is greater than the adiabatic efficiency threshold value, determining that the turbocharger has no performance abnormality;
and if the gas flow exceeds the preset flow range, or the supercharging pressure ratio exceeds the preset pressure ratio range, or the adiabatic efficiency is less than or equal to the adiabatic efficiency threshold value, determining that the performance of the turbocharger is abnormal.
3. The abnormality monitoring method of a turbocharger according to claim 2,
before determining whether the turbocharger has performance abnormality according to the adiabatic efficiency, the gas flow and the boost pressure ratio, the method further comprises the following steps:
acquiring equipment information of the turbocharger;
determining the preset flow range and the target corresponding relation according to the equipment information;
the obtaining an adiabatic efficiency threshold includes:
determining the adiabatic efficiency threshold from the device information;
wherein the device information includes: the sizes of the air inlet and the air outlet of the air compressor and the model of the turbine are determined.
4. The abnormality monitoring method for a turbocharger according to claim 2, characterized by further comprising:
acquiring supercharging pressure ratio data corresponding to different gas flows of the gas compressor in the process that the turbocharger runs at a specified turbine speed;
calculating preset pressure ratio ranges of the different gas flows according to the supercharging pressure ratio data and preset error amount;
and recording the target corresponding relation between each gas flow in the different gas flows and a preset pressure ratio range.
5. The abnormality monitoring method for a turbocharger according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized by further comprising:
and if the performance of the turbocharger is abnormal, outputting prompt information according to the adiabatic efficiency, the gas flow and the supercharging pressure ratio.
6. The abnormality monitoring method for a turbocharger according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized by further comprising:
and if the performance of the turbocharger is abnormal, setting an operation parameter range which can be executed by an engine connected with the turbocharger according to at least one of a first difference value between the supercharging pressure ratio and the upper limit value of the preset pressure ratio range, a second difference value between the supercharging pressure ratio and the lower limit value of the preset pressure ratio range, and a third difference value between the adiabatic efficiency and the adiabatic efficiency threshold value.
7. A control device, comprising:
a memory storing a program or instructions;
a processor connected to the memory, the processor implementing the method of abnormality monitoring of a turbocharger according to any one of claims 1 to 6 when executing the program or the instructions.
8. A turbocharger, comprising:
a compressor;
the detection device is used for detecting the inlet pressure, the outlet pressure, the inlet temperature, the outlet temperature and the gas flow of the gas compressor, wherein the ratio of the outlet pressure to the inlet pressure is a supercharging pressure ratio;
the control device of claim 7, connected to the detection device.
9. The turbocharger according to claim 8, wherein the detection means comprises:
the pressure sensor is used for detecting the inlet pressure and the outlet pressure of the compressor;
the temperature sensor is used for detecting the inlet temperature and the outlet temperature of the compressor;
and the flow sensor is used for detecting the gas flow of the gas compressor.
10. An engine system, comprising:
an engine;
a turbocharger as claimed in claim 8 or 9, connected to the engine.
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