CN113265466A

CN113265466A - Long-chain non-coding RNA and application thereof in diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

Info

Publication number: CN113265466A
Application number: CN202110567802.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 许秋然; 涂康生; 黄东胜; 胡晓歌; 陆启亮
Original assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xian Jiaotong University; Zhejiang Provincial Peoples Hospital; Hangzhou Medical College
Current assignee: First Affiliated Hospital of Medical College of Xian Jiaotong University; Zhejiang Provincial Peoples Hospital; Hangzhou Medical College
Priority date: 2021-05-24
Filing date: 2021-05-24
Publication date: 2021-08-17

Abstract

The invention discloses a long-chain non-coding RNA and application thereof in diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, wherein the long-chain non-coding RNA is lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1, and the nucleotide sequence of lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 is shown in Seq ID No. 1. The invention discovers for the first time that lncrRNA MCM3AP-AS1 can be used AS a biomarker for prognosis judgment of hepatocellular carcinoma and a drug treatment target, lncrRNA MCM3AP-AS1 is obviously up-regulated in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and cell lines, the prognosis of HCC patients over-expressing lncrRNA MCM3AP-AS1 is worse, meanwhile, lncrRNA MCM3AP-AS1 has good hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis judgment capability, and through in vitro and in vivo experiments, the invention proves that lncrRNA MCM3AP-AS1 exists in cytoplasm, and the reduction of lncrRNA MCM3AP-AS1 can inhibit the proliferation of hepatocellular carcinoma, which indicates that lncrRNA 3 MCM3AP-AS1 plays a role in promoting cancer in the occurrence and development process of hepatocellular carcinoma, and can be used AS a novel treatment target of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Description

Long-chain non-coding RNA and application thereof in diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma

The technical field is as follows:

the invention relates to the field of genetic engineering, in particular to a long-chain non-coding RNA and application thereof in diagnosis and treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

Background art:

according to the global cancer statistics of 2018, about 841000 new cases and 782000 death cases exist globally for Primary Liver Cancer (PLC). Among them, china accounts for about 50% of the total new cases and the total death cases. Primary liver cancers include Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), Intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma (ICC), and mixed liver cancer (HCC-ICC), classified by histological type. Wherein HCC accounts for about 75-80% of PLC. In recent years, gene diagnosis and small molecule targeted drugs have been very different in various cancer diagnosis and treatment based on the development of genetic engineering and tumor biology. Therefore, accurate understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the development of HCC is crucial to the establishment of novel and effective diagnostic methods and personalized therapeutic strategies.

The occurrence and development of HCC are closely related to the imbalance of protooncogenes and cancer suppressor genes, and most of the genes are protein coding genes which only account for 2 percent of the human genome. High throughput sequencing technology and bioinformatics have facilitated the discovery of non-coding genes. Currently, about 70% of the human genome is identified as non-coding RNA (ncRNA). Wherein, ncRNA with the length of more than 200nt is defined as long-chain non-coding RNA (lncRNA), and plays a gene transcription regulation function through an epigenetic regulation mechanism. The GENECODE research group of new data in the ENCODE project showed that tens of thousands of lncrnas have been found, however, only a few lncrnas have been definitively biologically functional and the biological functions of a large number of lncrnas remain to be exploited.

Numerous studies have shown that lncRNA is widely involved in the development of cancer, including multiple processes such as proliferation, apoptosis, invasion, metastasis and drug resistance. For example, lncRNA miR503HG is low expressed in HCC and inhibits HCC metastasis by modulating the heterogeneous ribonucleoprotein a2/B1(HNRNPA2B 1)/nuclear factor kb (NF-kb) signaling pathway. lncRNA linc00210 is highly expressed in HCC and promotes its progression by driving the activation of the Wnt/β -catenin pathway in a catenin- β interacting protein 1(CTNNBIP1) -dependent manner. FOXA2 induces lncRNA-NEF low expression in HCC and inhibits epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) and HCC metastasis by antagonizing the Wnt/beta-catenin pathway. IncRNA-MUF is highly expressed in HCC, and promotes HCC generation through annexin A2(ANXA 2)/Wnt/beta-catenin signal path and miR-34a/Snail1/EMT axis. Efforts that have been found in an effort to study the relationship of lncRNA to HCC include, but are not limited to: (1) IncRNA TUSC7 induced Eph tyrosine kinase receptor A4(EphA4) up-regulation and served as miR-10a sponge to inhibit EMT and HCC metastasis. (2) IncRNA CASC2 inhibited HCC metastasis by targeting the miR-367/FBXW7 axis. (3) lncRNA LINC01123 promotes HCC proliferation and invasion by targeting miR-34a-5p/TUFT1 axis, and further demonstrates that this process is achieved by hypoxia-induced TUFT1 activation of Ca2+/PI3K/AKT pathway. (4) IncRNA A1BG-AS1 inhibits HCC proliferation and invasion by targeting miR-216a-5 p. These findings indicate that lncRNA plays a crucial role in the development of HCC. Therefore, the discovery of more HCC-related lncRNA and the study of the biological function and the specific molecular mechanism of the HCC-related lncRNA have important significance for the prevention and treatment of HCC. Furthermore, hepatocellular carcinoma, a malignant tumor with extremely high morbidity and mortality, has certain limitations in the aspects of definite diagnosis, treatment guidance and prognosis of the hepatocellular carcinoma in hematology, imaging and histology examination at present. In recent years, genetic engineering and tumor biology have been rapidly developed, and some gene diagnosis and small molecule targeted drugs have shown great advantages in various malignant tumors. But has little application to hepatocellular carcinoma.

The invention content is as follows:

the technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a long-chain non-coding RNA for judging the prognosis condition of hepatocellular carcinoma or serving as a hepatocellular carcinoma treatment target, so that the prognosis condition of a hepatocellular carcinoma patient can be evaluated, and the long-chain non-coding RNA can also serve as a novel hepatocellular carcinoma treatment target.

The technical scheme of the invention is to provide a long-chain non-coding RNA for judging hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis or serving AS a hepatocellular carcinoma treatment target, wherein the long-chain non-coding RNA is lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1, and the nucleotide sequence of lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 is shown in Seq ID No. 1. IncRNA MCM3AP-AS1(Gene ID: ENSG00000215424) is located on human Chromosome 21q22.3, is 22471nt (Chromosome 21:46,229,196-46,259,390) in length, and has 15 transcripts in total. The invention selects transcript 1(Gene ID: ENST00000414659.5, length 2359nt) to carry out experiments, and finds that MCM3AP-AS1 is over-expressed in HCC tissues and cells, and the over-expression is related to the adverse prognosis of HCC patients. After MCM3AP-AS1 is knocked down, the role of the gene in the growth process of HCC tumors is determined, and downstream target genes of MCM3AP-AS1 are determined.

Preferably, the long non-coding RNA is used as a diagnostic reagent for screening and judging the prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma. Specifically, the expression condition of lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 in HCC tissues and cells and the relation between the expression condition and prognosis are disclosed, and the method is used for evaluating the prognosis judgment capability of lncRNA MCM3AP-AS 1.

Preferably, the long-chain non-coding RNA is applied to screening of drugs for treating hepatocellular carcinoma.

The invention also provides an application of a marker for identifying the long-chain non-coding RNA in preparing a diagnostic product for judging the prognosis condition of hepatocellular carcinoma treatment, wherein the marker comprises but is not limited to:

(1) a primer/primer set that binds incrna MCM3AP-AS1 or a fluorescently labeled primer/primer set that binds incrna MCM3AP-AS 1;

(2) a small molecule compound that binds lncRNA MCM3AP-AS 1;

(3) a biomacromolecule that binds lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1, wherein the biomacromolecule includes, but is not limited to: an antibody or functional fragment of an antibody, a fluorescently labeled antibody or functional fragment of an antibody, an RNA-binding protein or functional fragment thereof, a fluorescently labeled RNA-binding protein or functional fragment thereof.

Specifically, a Primer pair for specifically recognizing lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 is provided, and comprises a Forward Primer and a Reverse Primer. The sequences are Seq ID No.2 and Seq ID No.3, respectively. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

Seq ID NO.2：(5’to 3’)GCTGCTAATGGCAACACTGA

Seq ID NO.3：(5’to 3’)AGGTGCTGTCTGGTGGAGAT

the invention also discloses a reagent or a kit for judging the prognosis condition of hepatocellular carcinoma treatment, and the reagent or the kit comprises the marker.

The invention also provides application of an inhibitor for inhibiting the long-chain non-coding RNA in preparing a reagent for diagnosing or treating hepatocellular carcinoma, wherein the inhibitor comprises but is not limited to:

(1) siRNA, shRNA or small interfering RNA with similar functions for inhibiting the long non-coding RNA;

(2) a small molecule compound that inhibits the long non-coding RNA;

(3) a biomacromolecule that inhibits the long non-coding RNA, wherein the biomacromolecule includes, but is not limited to: an antibody or functional fragment of an antibody, an enzyme with high substrate specificity or a functional fragment thereof.

Preferably, the nucleotide interference sequence of the inhibitor is shown in Seq ID No.4 or Seq ID No. 5. Specifically, the nucleotide interference sequences of MCM3AP-AS1 with biological functions are sh-MCM3AP-AS1-1 and sh-MCM3AP-AS 1-2. The SEQUENCEs are SEQUENCE No.4 and SEQUENCE No.5 respectively. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

Seq ID NO.4：(5’to 3’)GCTGGTATTTCAATTGACTTT

Seq ID NO..5：(5’to 3’)GGGAGUAAGUGAAAGUAAU

in addition, the invention also discloses a medicine or a medicine composition containing the inhibitor and used for treating hepatocellular carcinoma.

And the application of the medicine or the medicine composition in treating hepatocellular carcinoma.

Namely, the invention discloses lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 AS a novel potential HCC prognosis judgment biomarker and a treatment target. The invention discloses a HCC patient with high expression of IncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 in HCC and worse prognosis of the HCC patient with high expression of IncRNA MCM3AP-AS 1. The invention discloses lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 positioned in cytoplasm, and discloses lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 capable of promoting HCC growth in vitro and in vivo. The invention discloses two incRNA MCM3AP-AS1 inhibitory nucleotide sequences.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages after adopting the scheme:

1. the invention discovers that lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 can be used AS a biomarker and a treatment target for HCC prognosis judgment for the first time.

2. Compared with a normal liver tissue, the expression level of lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 in the HCC tissue is obviously up-regulated, and the prognosis of an lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 over-expression person is worse.

3. The experimental result shows that the IncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 exists in cytoplasm, and the knock-down of the IncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 can inhibit the growth of HCC, so that the IncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 plays a role in promoting cancer in HCC and provides a treatment target for clinic.

4. The invention provides two nucleotide interference sequences capable of inhibiting the biological functions of lncRNA MCM3AP-AS 1.

Description of the drawings:

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the results of high expression of lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 in HCC tissues;

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the results of high expression of lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 in HCC cell lines (Hep3B, HepG2, Huh7, SMMC-7721);

FIG. 3 is a graph showing the results of shorter Overall Survival (OS) of HCC patients with lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 overexpression;

FIG. 4 is a graph of the results of subcellular localization of IncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 in HCC cell lines (Hep3B, HepG 2);

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the results of the knockdown effect of IncRNA MCM3AP-AS 1;

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the results of in vitro CCK-8 assay;

FIG. 7 is a graph showing the results of an in vitro colony formation experiment;

FIG. 8 is a graph showing the results of in vitro EDU incorporation experiments;

FIG. 9 is a graph showing the results of in vitro experimental flow cytometry;

FIG. 10 is a graph showing the results of in vivo experimental xenograft model.

The specific implementation mode is as follows:

the invention will be further described with respect to specific embodiments in conjunction with the following drawings:

it should be noted that in the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention. However, the invention may be practiced otherwise than as specifically described herein. Accordingly, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed in the following description. The experimental procedures in the examples were carried out according to conventional conditions, with reference to the molecular cloning protocols (fourth edition, sambrook et al) and the conditions described in the reagent instructions.

Example 1

This example provides a demonstration of the expression and prognosis of lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 in HCC.

1. Experimental materials and methods

1.1 clinical specimens

A total of 80 pairs of HCC and para-carcinoma tissues were collected from patients who received hepatectomy. The sample collection criteria were: firstly, two pathologists determine HCC; ② do not receive any preoperative treatment; ③ no other cancers. All samples were immediately snap frozen in liquid nitrogen after washing their surface blood with pre-cooled PBS and transferred to a-80 ℃ freezer. 80 patients were followed up and survival data was collected.

1.2 cell lines and culture

Immortalized human normal hepatocyte LO2 and HCC cell lines (Hep3B, HepG2, Huh7, SMMC-7721) were purchased from Shanghai Life sciences institute of Chinese academy of sciences (Shanghai, China). Hep3B was cultured in MEM medium (Hyclone, USA), LO2, HepG2, Huh7, SMMC-7721 in DMEM medium (Hyclone, USA). Both media were supplemented with 10% fetal bovine serum (Biological Industries, Israel) and 100U/ml penicillin and 100mg/ml streptomycin (assist in san Jose, Shanghai, China). MEM medium was supplemented with an additional 1% of the non-essential amino acid NEAA (Gibco, USA). All cells were routinely cultured in a 37 ℃ incubator at 5% CO2, with fresh medium changed every 2-3 days and passaged when the cell confluence reached 80% -90%.

1.3 IncRNA differential Gene expression Profile between HCC and Normal liver tissues

Differential genes are screened by a bioinformatics method through a GEO database (GSE65485) (the threshold value is set to be less than or equal to 0.001 and the Fold change is less than or equal to 0.5 or more than or equal to 2.0).

1.4 sample RNA extraction and fluorescent real-time quantitative PCR (qRT-PCR)

Trizol (Invitrogen, Carlsbad, ca. usa) was used for tissue sample and cell total RNA extraction. RevertAId First Strand cDNA Synthesis Kit (Thermo-Fisher Scientific, USA) was used for reverse transcription.

Premix Ex Taq^TMII (Takara, Dalian, China) and Taqman Universal Master Mix II (Life Technologies Corporation, Carlsbad, Calif., USA) were used for qRT-PCR. GAPDH was used as an internal control. The relative expression amount is calculated by a 2-delta Ct method. The primers are synthesized by Biotech, Inc. of Beijing Enginko, and the GAPDH primers comprise Forward Primer and Reverse Primer, and the SEQUENCEs of the GAPDH primers are SEQUENCE NO.2 and SEQUENCE NO.3 respectively.

SEQUENCE NO.2：(5’to 3’)CAGGAGGCATTGCTGATGAT

SEQUENCE NO.3：(5’to 3’)GAAGGCTGGGGCTCATTT

1.5 data processing and analysis

GraphPad Prism 7.0(GraphPad inc., San Diego, CA, USA) was used for statistical analysis. The differences between the samples were compared using a t-test and the OS differences were compared by plotting the survival curves. P <0.05 was considered to be statistically different.

2. Results of the experiment

2.1 in example 1, a total of 37 differentially expressed lncrnas were identified in the GEO database (GSE65485) (see Table 1), where lncrnas MCM3AP-AS1 were expressed in HCC tissues 2.84 times higher than in normal liver tissues.

TABLE 1 GSE65485 dataset differentially expressed lncRNA between HCC tissue and adjacent non-tumor tissue

Note: bold is the gene selected for the invention.

2.2 in example 1, 80 pairs of HCC tissues and corresponding paracancerous tissues and HCC cell lines (Hep3B, HepG2, Huh7, SMMC-7721) and normal liver cell line (LO2) were selected and total RNA was extracted. The results show that lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 is highly expressed in HCC tissues and cell lines, see fig. 1, fig. 2. Represents P value < 0.05.

2.3 in example 1, survival data was collected at a follow-up visit to all 80 patients and survival curves were plotted. lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 overexpression was found to be significantly associated with poor prognosis in HCC patients (P ═ 0.0054), see fig. 3.

Example 2

This example discusses the effect of interfering lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 on the biological function of HCC cells (Hep3B, HepG 2).

1. Experimental materials and methods

1.1 cell lines and culture

Same as example 1

1.2 Fluorescence In Situ Hybridization (FISH)

Cy 3-labeled IncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 probe and subcellular localization assay kit were purchased from Ruibo (Guangzhou, China) and observed using a laser confocal microscope (Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany).

1.3 transfection of cells

Two specific lentivirus-mediated shRNAs (sh-MCM3AP-AS1-1 and sh-MCM3AP-AS1-2) targeting lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 and a negative control sh-control are designed and synthesized by Gisela organisms (Guangzhou, China), and interference SEQUENCEs are SEQUENCE NO.4 and SEQUENCE NO.5 respectively. The transfer-promoting agent Polybrene (8ng/ml) was used for lentiviral infection of HCC cells.

SEQUENCE NO.4：(5’to 3’)GCTGGTATTTCAATTGACTTT

SEQUENCE NO.5：(5’to 3’)GGGAGUAAGUGAAAGUAAU

1.4 cell proliferation assay

1.4.1CCK-8 assay

Experiments were performed using the CCK-8 kit (Dojindo, Tokyo, Honshu, Japan) as described, and absorbance at 450nm was measured using a microplate reader (Thermo-Fisher Scientific, Waltham, MA, USA).

1.4.2 clonogenic experiments

HCC cells (1X 10 per well)³) Inoculated into 6-well plates and cultured in complete medium for 2 weeks. Cell colonies were fixed with 4% paraformaldehyde for 30 min and stained with 0.5% crystal violet for 30 min at room temperature.

1.4.3EDU incorporation experiments

Experiments were performed using the EdU kit (Roche, Indianapolis, IN, USA) as per the instructions. Images were acquired using a fluorescence microscope (Carl Zeiss, Oberkochen, Germany) and quantified by counting at least five random fields.

1.4.4 flow cytometry

Experiments were performed using cell cycle assay kits (BD biosciences, San Jose, CA, USA) as per the instructions. Cell cycle distribution was analyzed using a FACS Canto II flow cytometer (BD biosciences, San Jose, Calif., USA).

1.5 data statistics and analysis

Same as example 1

2. Results of the experiment

2.1 in example 2, FISH results of the Hep3B, HepG2 cell line of the invention showed that lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 is localized in the cytoplasm, see FIG. 4.

2.2 in example 2, the expression of lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 can be significantly reduced after Hep3B and HepG2 cell lines are transfected into sh-MCM3AP-AS1-1 and sh-MCM3AP-AS1-2, AS shown in figure 5. Represents P value < 0.05.

2.3 in example 2, after Hep3B and HepG2 cell lines are transfected with sh-MCM3AP-AS1-1 and sh-MCM3AP-AS1-2, the invention shows that knocking down lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 can significantly inhibit the proliferation of HCC cells (see fig. 6-9) by four in vitro experiments of CCK-8 assay, clonogenic experiment, EDU experiment and flow cytometry cell cycle analysis, and confirms the cancer promotion effect of lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 in HCC. Represents P value < 0.05.

Example 3

1. Experimental materials and methods

1.1 cell lines and cultures

Same as example 1

1.2 tumor xenograft model

Male nude mice (slek, shanghai, china) 4-5 weeks old, 18-20g, BALB/C were selected and randomized into two groups (n ═ 6 per group). Hep3B cells transfected with sh-MCM3AP-AS1 and sh-control, respectively (1X 10 per injection)⁶) The right flank of the mice was implanted by subcutaneous injection. Tumor volume was measured every three days after tumor formation. Volume calculation formula: volume (length × width)/2. After 3 weeks, all mice were sacrificed under anesthesia.

1.3 data statistics and analysis

Same as example 1

2. Results of the experiment

2.1 in example 3, the nude mouse tumor xenograft model was established by subcutaneously injecting sh-MCM3AP-AS1 and sh-control transfected Hep3B cells, and the results of the in vivo experiment show that the knock-down of IncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 can inhibit the growth of HCC tissues in vivo, AS shown in FIG. 10. Represents P value < 0.05.

The results show that lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 is highly expressed in hepatocellular carcinoma tissues and cells and is related to poor prognosis. Subcellular localization showed lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 was predominantly expressed in the cytoplasm. In vitro and in vivo experiments show that the lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 promotes the growth of hepatocellular carcinoma cells, and the lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 plays a role of cancer promotion genes in hepatocellular carcinoma. The lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 is expected to become a novel hepatocellular carcinoma prognosis judgment biomarker and a drug treatment target.

Therefore, the lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 is determined to play a role in promoting cancer in the occurrence and development process of hepatocellular carcinoma, so that the prognosis condition of a hepatocellular carcinoma patient can be evaluated, and the lncRNA MCM 3-AS 1 can also be used AS a novel therapeutic target of the hepatocellular carcinoma. Can improve the accuracy of hepatocellular carcinoma diagnosis, prompt the prognosis effect, and manufacture or screen corresponding drugs.

The foregoing is illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention only and is not to be construed as limiting the claims. All the equivalent structures or equivalent process changes made by the description of the invention are included in the scope of the patent protection of the invention.

<110> Zhejiang province people hospital

HANGZHOU MEDICAL College

THE FIRST AFFILIATED HOSPITAL OF MEDICAL COLLEGE OF XI'AN JIAOTONG University

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Claims

1. The long-chain non-coding RNA is used for judging the prognosis condition of hepatocellular carcinoma or serving AS a hepatocellular carcinoma treatment target, and is characterized in that the long-chain non-coding RNA is lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1, and the nucleotide sequence of lncRNA MCM3AP-AS1 is shown in Seq ID No. 1.

2. Use of the long non-coding RNA of claim 1 as a diagnostic reagent for screening for prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma.

3. Use of the long non-coding RNA of claim 1 as a drug for screening for treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.

4. Use of a marker for identifying long non-coding RNA according to claim 1 in the preparation of a diagnostic product for determining prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma treatment, wherein the marker includes but is not limited to:

(2) a small molecule compound that binds lncRNA MCM3AP-AS 1;

5. The use according to claim 4, wherein the nucleotide sequence of the primer set or the fluorescently labeled primer set is shown in Seq ID No.2 and Seq ID No. 3.

6. A reagent or kit for determining prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma treatment, comprising the marker of claim 4 or 5.

7. Use of an inhibitor of the long non-coding RNA of claim 1 for the preparation of an agent for diagnosis or treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma, wherein the inhibitor includes but is not limited to:

(2) a small molecule compound that inhibits the long non-coding RNA;

8. The use according to claim 7, wherein the nucleotide interference sequence of the inhibitor is as shown in Seq ID No.4 or Seq ID No. 5.

9. A medicament or pharmaceutical composition for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma comprising the inhibitor of claim 7 or 8.

10. The use of the medicament or pharmaceutical composition of claim 9 for the treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma.