CN113265285A - PM (particulate matter)2.5Emission-reduction clean coal and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

PM (particulate matter)2.5Emission-reduction clean coal and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113265285A
CN113265285A CN202110471363.3A CN202110471363A CN113265285A CN 113265285 A CN113265285 A CN 113265285A CN 202110471363 A CN202110471363 A CN 202110471363A CN 113265285 A CN113265285 A CN 113265285A
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coal
meshes
powder
emission
briquette
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沈振兴
张越
孙健
张斌
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Xian Jiaotong University
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Xian Jiaotong University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L5/00—Solid fuels
    • C10L5/02—Solid fuels such as briquettes consisting mainly of carbonaceous materials of mineral or non-mineral origin
    • C10L5/06—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting
    • C10L5/10—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders
    • C10L5/14—Methods of shaping, e.g. pelletizing or briquetting with the aid of binders, e.g. pretreated binders with organic binders
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
    • C10L2230/04—Catalyst added to fuel stream to improve a reaction
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
    • C10L2230/00—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole
    • C10L2230/22—Function and purpose of a components of a fuel or the composition as a whole for improving fuel economy or fuel efficiency

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
  • Geology (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Solid Fuels And Fuel-Associated Substances (AREA)
  • Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a PM2.5The emission-reducing clean coal and the preparation method thereof, the raw materials comprise 88-95% of coal powder, 2-3% of coal briquette adhesive and 2-9% of red mud by mass percentage; the granularity of the coal dust comprises three gradations of less than 10 meshes, 10-60 meshes and more than 60 meshes; the proportion of the three graded coal dust in the total coal dust mass is respectively as follows: the content of the coal dust with the particle size less than 10 meshes is 5-10 percent, the content of the coal dust with the particle size between 10 and 60 meshes is 30-60 percent, and the content of the coal dust with the particle size more than 60 meshes is 30-55 percent. The clean coal of the invention has low cost and can simultaneously treat main pollutants PM discharged by coal combustion2.5And the components of the compound, such as elemental carbon, organic carbon, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the like, have excellent inhibiting effect.

Description

PM (particulate matter)2.5Emission-reduction clean coal and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of clean briquette production, in particular to PM2.5An emission-reducing clean briquette and a preparation method thereof.
Background
At present, China is still in a stage of converting a traditional heating mode into a clean heating mode, and compared with a traditional lump coal direct combustion mode, the clean coal has the advantages of high combustion efficiency and low pollutant emission. Under the condition of not replacing the prior rural stove, the lump coal is replaced by clean coal, so that the heating effect can be ensured, and the pollutant emission is reduced, thereby being an ideal clean heating mode.
PM (particulate matter) is difficult to concern in the existing clean briquette technology2.5And the discharge of its components, and potassium nitrate, potassium chloride, calcium lime, etc. are commonly usedThe substance is used as an additive for sulfur fixation, and although the substance has a good sulfur fixation effect, the manufacturing cost of the briquette is increased. At present, partial research focuses on the feasibility of red mud as a briquette additive, the conventional briquette manufacturing process based on red mud addition mainly uses coal powder with a particle size range for manufacturing, the particle size is usually fine (about 200-350 meshes), and the fine coal powder particle size can remarkably promote pollutants in the combustion process, especially PM2.5And the emission of its components, are detrimental to the pollution control of the combustion process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a PM2.5Emission-reduction clean coal and preparation method thereof to solve PM in lump coal combustion2.5The problems of high emission and serious environmental pollution are solved, and meanwhile, the defects of the existing clean briquette technology are optimized, so that the usability of the clean briquette is improved.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
PM (particulate matter)2.5The emission-reducing clean coal comprises, by mass, 88-95% of coal powder, 2-3% of coal briquette binder and 2-9% of red mud;
the granularity of the coal dust comprises three gradations of less than 10 meshes, 10-60 meshes and more than 60 meshes; the proportion of the three graded coal dust in the total coal dust mass is respectively as follows: the content of the coal dust with the particle size less than 10 meshes is 5-10 percent, the content of the coal dust with the particle size between 10 and 60 meshes is 30-60 percent, and the content of the coal dust with the particle size more than 60 meshes is 30-55 percent.
Preferably, the pulverized coal is anthracite or bituminous coal.
Preferably, the red mud is produced by using waste residues of electrolytic aluminum.
Preferably, the briquette binder is starch.
Further, the starch is tapioca starch.
The PM2.5The preparation method of the emission-reducing clean briquette comprises the following steps:
step 1, uniformly mixing coal powder, red mud powder and a briquette coal binder to obtain mixed powder;
step 2, adding water into the mixed powder, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed raw material;
and 3, putting the mixed raw materials into a mould, carrying out cold press molding under high pressure, demolding after molding, and drying in the sun to obtain the clean coal.
Preferably, in the step 2, the adding amount of the water accounts for 15-25% of the mass of the mixed powder.
Preferably, the coal powder in step 1 is obtained by crushing and screening lump raw coal, and the red mud powder is obtained by crushing and screening lump red mud.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
the clean briquette of the invention is used for treating PM2.5The emission reduction mechanism of the components can be summarized into the following aspects: firstly, the formed coal is easier to ignite compared with raw coal in the crushing and screening processes, so that the pollutant emission in the ignition process is reduced, and meanwhile, the invention effectively overcomes the problems that the coal powder used in the conventional red mud-added coal is thinner and is not beneficial to pollutant emission reduction by adopting the coal powder with three particle diameter sections of coarse, medium and fine; secondly, the addition of the red mud well improves the ignition characteristic of coal, improves the combustion efficiency in the ignition stage, and effectively inhibits the pollutant emission caused by incomplete combustion in the ignition stage; thirdly, the metal oxide contained in the red mud can play a catalytic combustion role in the process of volatile matter combustion, so that the oxidation degree of organic matters is improved, and the emission of the organic matters is reduced; finally, when the combustion process enters the coal coke combustion stage, the existence of the red mud can promote the cracking of C-C bonds and C-H bonds in organic matter molecules, thereby reducing the emission of granular organic matters. PM discharged by clean type coal combustion2.5Compared with the direct combustion mode of bituminous coal and anthracite raw coal, the maximum reduction is respectively 37.5 percent and 31.2 percent; combustion process for discharged PM2.5The maximum reduction of the main component element carbon compared with the direct combustion mode of bituminous coal and anthracite is 82.6 percent and 30.0 percent respectively; combustion process for discharged PM2.5The main component of organic carbon is reduced by 13.2 percent and 11.1 percent respectively to the maximum extent compared with the mode of directly burning bituminous coal and anthracite; combustion process for discharged PM2.5The polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon as main toxic matter in the smokeThe maximum reduction of direct combustion modes of coal and anthracite is 36.7 percent and 25.1 percent respectively. The clean coal of the invention has low cost and can simultaneously treat main pollutants PM discharged by coal combustion2.5And the components of the compound, such as elemental carbon, organic carbon, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the like, have excellent inhibiting effect.
Furthermore, cassava starch is used as a binder, and is cheap and easily available.
Furthermore, the electrolytic aluminum waste residue red mud is used as an emission reduction additive, so that no extra cost is brought to the briquette.
The forming method is simple and convenient, has excellent adaptability to various coals, and can be used as a forming raw material from anthracite to bituminous coal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 shows PM produced by burning raw coal and molded coal2.5An emission factor;
FIG. 3 is OC emission factor for raw coal and briquette combustion;
FIG. 4 is an EC emission factor for raw coal and briquette combustion;
FIG. 5 shows the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission factors from raw coal and molded coal combustion.
Detailed Description
The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to specific examples, which are intended to be illustrative, but not limiting, of the invention.
PM of the invention2.5The emission reduction clean briquette comprises, by mass, 88-95% of coal dust, 2-3% of briquette binder and 2-9% of additive red mud, wherein the coal dust has three gradations of granularity smaller than 10 meshes, 10-60 meshes and larger than 60 meshes; the proportion of the three graded coal dust in the total coal dust mass is respectively as follows: the content of the coal dust with the particle size less than 10 meshes is 5-10 percent, the content of the coal dust with the particle size between 10 and 60 meshes is 30-60 percent, and the content of the coal dust with the particle size more than 60 meshes is 30-55 percent.
Wherein the additive is the production waste residue of electrolytic aluminum, and is crushed and screened in advance before use. The main chemical substances of the additive red mud are metal oxides such as calcium oxide (20%), aluminum oxide (16%), silicon dioxide (13%), iron oxide (13%), magnesium oxide (13%), sodium oxide (9%) and the like.
The briquette binder is starch, preferably tapioca starch, and is used for providing molding strength.
The PM2.5The preparation method of the emission-reducing clean briquette, as shown in figure 1, comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the blocky raw coal by using crushing equipment, screening the obtained crushed product, taking the undersize coal powder as a raw material for manufacturing the briquette coal, and screening the oversize coal powder again until the oversize coal powder is screened; crushing and screening the blocky red mud additive in the same way;
(2) adding a coal briquette adhesive into the coal dust and red mud powder obtained in the step (1), and then fully and uniformly stirring the three kinds of powder by using a stirrer to obtain mixed powder serving as a raw material for preparing clean coal briquettes;
(3) adding water accounting for 15-25% of the mixed powder in the step (2) into the mixed powder, and stirring again by using a stirrer until the obtained mixed raw material is uniform in color and free of obvious moisture seepage;
(4) and (4) putting the mixed raw material obtained in the step (3) after being stirred by adding water into a mould for cold press molding under high pressure, placing the molded coal obtained by demoulding into an air-dry place for airing after molding, and drying in the sun to obtain the clean molded coal.
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENT (S) OF INVENTION
Example 1
PM of the invention2.5The emission-reducing clean coal briquette comprises, by mass, 95% of coal powder, 2.5% of coal briquette binder cassava starch and 2.5% of additive red mud, wherein the additive red mud is production waste residue of electrolytic aluminum.
The PM2.5The preparation method of the emission-reducing clean briquette comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the block bituminous coal by using crushing equipment, and screening the obtained crushed product to obtain three gradations of the coal powder granularity, wherein the three gradations include less than 10 meshes, 10-60 meshes and more than 60 meshes (without upper limit). The coal powder of the three grades respectively has the following proportions: the content of less than 10 meshes is 10 percent, the content of 10-60 meshes is 50 percent, and the content of more than 60 meshes is 40 percent; crushing and screening the blocky red mud additive in the same way;
(2) adding a briquette coal binder cassava starch into the coal powder and the red mud powder obtained in the step (1), and then fully and uniformly stirring the three kinds of powder by using a stirrer to obtain mixed powder serving as a raw material for preparing clean briquettes;
(3) adding water accounting for 15% of the mixed powder in the step (2) into the mixed powder, and stirring again by using a stirrer until the obtained mixed raw material is uniform in color and free of obvious water seepage;
(4) and (3) putting the mixed raw material obtained in the step (3) after being stirred by adding water into a mould for cold press molding under high pressure, placing the molded coal obtained by demoulding into an air-dry place for airing, and drying in the sun to obtain the clean molded coal (bituminous coal No. 1).
Example 2
Clean coal briquette (anthracite No. 1) was obtained in the same manner as in example 1, except that bituminous coal was changed to anthracite.
Example 3
PM of the invention2.5The emission-reducing clean coal briquette comprises, by mass, 92.5% of coal powder, 2.5% of coal briquette adhesive cassava starch and 5% of additive red mud, wherein the additive red mud is production waste residue of electrolytic aluminum.
The PM2.5The preparation method of the emission-reducing clean briquette comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the block bituminous coal by using crushing equipment, and screening the obtained crushed product to obtain three gradations of the coal powder granularity, wherein the three gradations include less than 10 meshes, 10-60 meshes and more than 60 meshes (without upper limit). The coal powder of the three grades respectively has the following proportions: the content of less than 10 meshes is 10 percent, the content of 10-60 meshes is 50 percent, and the content of more than 60 meshes is 40 percent; crushing and screening the blocky red mud additive in the same way;
(2) adding a briquette coal binder cassava starch into the coal powder and the red mud powder obtained in the step (1), and then fully and uniformly stirring the three kinds of powder by using a stirrer to obtain mixed powder serving as a raw material for preparing clean briquettes;
(3) adding water accounting for 15% of the mixed powder in the step (2) into the mixed powder, and stirring again by using a stirrer until the obtained mixed raw material is uniform in color and free of obvious water seepage;
(4) and (3) putting the mixed raw material obtained in the step (3) after being stirred by adding water into a mould for cold press molding under high pressure, placing the molded coal obtained by demoulding into an air-dry place for airing, and drying in the sun to obtain the clean molded coal (bituminous coal No. 2).
Example 4
Clean coal briquette (anthracite No. 2) was obtained in the same manner as in example 3, except that the bituminous coal was changed to anthracite.
Example 5
PM of the invention2.5The emission-reducing clean coal briquette comprises, by mass, 90.5% of coal powder, 2.5% of coal briquette binder cassava starch and 7% of additive red mud, wherein the additive red mud is production waste residue of electrolytic aluminum.
The PM2.5The preparation method of the emission-reducing clean briquette comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the block bituminous coal by using crushing equipment, and screening the obtained crushed product to obtain three gradations of the coal powder granularity, wherein the three gradations include less than 10 meshes, 10-60 meshes and more than 60 meshes (without upper limit). The coal powder of the three grades respectively has the following proportions: the content of less than 10 meshes is 10 percent, the content of 10-60 meshes is 50 percent, and the content of more than 60 meshes is 40 percent; crushing and screening the blocky red mud additive in the same way;
(2) adding a briquette coal binder cassava starch into the coal powder and the red mud powder obtained in the step (1), and then fully and uniformly stirring the three kinds of powder by using a stirrer to obtain mixed powder serving as a raw material for preparing clean briquettes;
(3) adding water accounting for 15% of the mixed powder in the step (2) into the mixed powder, and stirring again by using a stirrer until the obtained mixed raw material is uniform in color and free of obvious water seepage;
(4) and (3) putting the mixed raw material obtained in the step (3) and stirred with water into a mould for cold press molding under high pressure, placing the molded coal obtained by demoulding into an air-dry place for airing, and drying in the sun to obtain the clean molded coal (bituminous coal No. 3).
Example 6
Clean coal briquette (anthracite No. 3) was obtained in the same manner as in example 5 except that the bituminous coal was changed to anthracite.
Example 7
PM of the invention2.5The emission-reducing clean coal briquette comprises, by mass, 88.5% of coal powder, 2.5% of coal briquette binder cassava starch and 9% of additive red mud, wherein the additive red mud is production waste residue of electrolytic aluminum.
The PM2.5The preparation method of the emission-reducing clean briquette comprises the following steps:
(1) crushing the block bituminous coal by using crushing equipment, and screening the obtained crushed product to obtain three gradations of the coal powder granularity, wherein the three gradations include less than 10 meshes, 10-60 meshes and more than 60 meshes (without upper limit). The coal powder of the three grades respectively has the following proportions: the content of less than 10 meshes is 10 percent, the content of 10-60 meshes is 50 percent, and the content of more than 60 meshes is 40 percent; crushing and screening the blocky red mud additive in the same way;
(2) adding a briquette coal binder cassava starch into the coal powder and the red mud powder obtained in the step (1), and then fully and uniformly stirring the three kinds of powder by using a stirrer to obtain mixed powder serving as a raw material for preparing clean briquettes;
(3) adding water accounting for 15% of the mixed powder in the step (2) into the mixed powder, and stirring again by using a stirrer until the obtained mixed raw material is uniform in color and free of obvious water seepage;
(4) and (4) putting the mixed raw material obtained in the step (3) after being stirred by adding water into a mould for cold press molding under high pressure, placing the molded coal obtained by demoulding into an air-dry place for airing after molding, and drying in the sun to obtain the clean molded coal (bituminous coal No. 4).
Example 8
Clean coal briquette (anthracite No. 4) was obtained in the same manner as in example 7, except that the bituminous coal was changed to anthracite.
Example 9
The same as example 7, except that the raw materials include, by mass, 97.5% of pulverized coal and 2.5% of briquette coal binder tapioca starch, to obtain bituminous coal No. 0.
Example 10
Anthracite No. 0 was obtained as in example 9 except that the bituminous coal was changed to anthracite.
PM of raw coal and coal briquettes No. 0-4 and No. 0-4 of bituminous coal2.5The emission factors of OC, EC and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon are respectively listed in figures 2-5, and it can be seen from the figures that PM of the briquette is compared with that of raw coal under the condition of not adding red mud2.5OC, EC and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon emission factors are increased, but PM is generated after red mud is added2.5The emission factors of OC, EC and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon are all reduced compared with that of raw coal, namely the red mud can effectively reduce the emission of each pollutant.

Claims (8)

1. PM (particulate matter)2.5The emission-reducing clean coal is characterized in that the raw materials comprise 88-95% of coal powder, 2-3% of coal briquette binder and 2-9% of red mud by mass percent;
the granularity of the coal dust comprises three gradations of less than 10 meshes, 10-60 meshes and more than 60 meshes; the proportion of the three graded coal dust in the total coal dust mass is respectively as follows: the content of the coal dust with the particle size less than 10 meshes is 5-10 percent, the content of the coal dust with the particle size between 10 and 60 meshes is 30-60 percent, and the content of the coal dust with the particle size more than 60 meshes is 30-55 percent.
2. PM according to claim 12.5The emission-reducing clean coal is characterized in that the coal powder is anthracite or bituminous coal.
3. PM according to claim 12.5An emission-reduction clean briquette is characterized in that red mud is produced by using waste residues of electrolytic aluminum.
4. PM according to claim 12.5The emission-reducing clean briquette is characterized in that a briquette binder is starch.
5. PM according to claim 42.5The emission-reducing clean briquette is characterized in that the starchIs tapioca starch.
6. PM according to any of claims 1 to 52.5The preparation method of the emission-reducing clean coal is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, uniformly mixing coal powder, red mud powder and a briquette coal binder to obtain mixed powder;
step 2, adding water into the mixed powder, and uniformly stirring to obtain a mixed raw material;
and 3, putting the mixed raw materials into a mould, carrying out cold press molding under high pressure, demolding after molding, and drying in the sun to obtain the clean coal.
7. PM according to claim 62.5The preparation method of the emission-reducing clean coal is characterized in that in the step 2, the adding amount of water accounts for 15-25% of the mass of the mixed powder.
8. PM according to claim 62.5The preparation method of the emission-reducing clean coal is characterized in that the coal powder in the step 1 is obtained by crushing and screening massive raw coal, and the red mud powder is obtained by crushing and screening massive red mud.
CN202110471363.3A 2021-04-29 2021-04-29 PM (particulate matter)2.5Emission-reduction clean coal and preparation method thereof Pending CN113265285A (en)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56136896A (en) * 1980-03-31 1981-10-26 Masahisa Sugita Briquette and oval briquette with reduced emission of poisonous gas and preparation thereof
CN110499198A (en) * 2019-08-23 2019-11-26 河南长兴实业有限公司 A kind of moulded coal and preparation method thereof added with red mud
CN112121835A (en) * 2020-09-18 2020-12-25 西安交通大学 Catalytic module for in-situ pyrolysis of underground coal, preparation method and use method

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPS56136896A (en) * 1980-03-31 1981-10-26 Masahisa Sugita Briquette and oval briquette with reduced emission of poisonous gas and preparation thereof
CN110499198A (en) * 2019-08-23 2019-11-26 河南长兴实业有限公司 A kind of moulded coal and preparation method thereof added with red mud
CN112121835A (en) * 2020-09-18 2020-12-25 西安交通大学 Catalytic module for in-situ pyrolysis of underground coal, preparation method and use method

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Application publication date: 20210817