CN113264727A - Large-volume concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Large-volume concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113264727A CN113264727A CN202110497316.6A CN202110497316A CN113264727A CN 113264727 A CN113264727 A CN 113264727A CN 202110497316 A CN202110497316 A CN 202110497316A CN 113264727 A CN113264727 A CN 113264727A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/02—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing hydraulic cements other than calcium sulfates
- C04B28/04—Portland cements
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/20—Resistance against chemical, physical or biological attack
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/34—Non-shrinking or non-cracking materials
- C04B2111/343—Crack resistant materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2111/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone or mixtures to prepare them, characterised by specific function, property or use
- C04B2111/90—Electrical properties
- C04B2111/94—Electrically conducting materials
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2201/00—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values
- C04B2201/50—Mortars, concrete or artificial stone characterised by specific physical values for the mechanical strength
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/50—Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
- Y02W30/91—Use of waste materials as fillers for mortars or concrete
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- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
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- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
The application relates to the field of concrete, and particularly discloses large-volume concrete and a preparation method and application thereof. The mass concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: cement 340 and 355; 40-45 parts of fly ash; 100 portions of mineral powder and 110 portions of mineral powder; 720 parts of fine aggregate; 1080 and 1100 parts of coarse aggregate; 7-9 parts of a water reducing agent; water 135-. The preparation method comprises the following steps: weighing cement, fly ash, mineral powder, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate according to the proportion, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a first mixture; weighing the water reducing agent and the water according to the proportion, adding the weighed water reducing agent into the water, uniformly mixing, adding the water doped with the water reducing agent into the first mixture, and uniformly stirring to obtain the mass concrete. The application of bulky concrete has the advantage that reduces crack production probability, reduces crack production.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of concrete, in particular to mass concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
In the process of building hydraulic buildings such as bridges and the like, pile foundations, namely bearing platforms, are supported, laid and built firstly, so that the bearing platforms are usually large in structural size, and particularly for the main cable tower foundation bearing platforms, the structural size is large, and the requirement on the concrete strength grade of the bearing platforms is high. However, for mass concrete, due to high hydration heat, the temperature difference between the inside and the outside of the concrete is large, and cracks are easily generated, which reduce the original bearing capacity of the engineering structure and seriously affect the durability of the structure.
Meanwhile, most hydraulic buildings such as bridges and the like are in a dry-wet alternative environment, and water flow scouring conditions may occur, so that the large-volume concrete is required to have better compactness, namely higher chloride ion permeation resistance, and the electric flux of the concrete is required to be less than 1000 ℃.
In view of the above-mentioned related technologies, the inventors of the present invention have considered that it is highly desirable to provide a concrete with a large volume, which has good resistance to chloride ion penetration and a low probability of crack generation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to reduce the crack generation probability of mass concrete and improve the chlorine ion permeation resistance, the application provides mass concrete and a preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a mass concrete, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the mass concrete is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
cement 340 and 355;
40-45 parts of fly ash;
100 portions of mineral powder and 110 portions of mineral powder;
720 parts of fine aggregate;
1080 and 1100 parts of coarse aggregate;
7-9 parts of a water reducing agent;
water 135-.
By adopting the technical scheme, as the fly ash and the mineral powder are adopted to replace part of cement as the cementing material, the cement consumption is effectively reduced, so that the hydration reaction of the concrete is weakened, the adiabatic temperature rise of the concrete is controlled, and the possibility of generating cracks in the concrete is reduced; and because the combination of the cement, the fly ash and the slag powder can construct a three-stage cementing material system, the micro-scale distribution of the cementing material can be obviously improved, the water consumption for mixing is reduced, the three-stage cementing material system is matched with a water reducing agent, the single water consumption of the concrete is greatly reduced, the setting and hardening time of the mass concrete is delayed, the heat release rate of hydration heat is reduced, the time of the occurrence of a heat release peak value is delayed, and the possibility of generating cracks in the concrete is further reduced. The concrete raw material proportion is adopted, so that the compactness of the prepared mass concrete is enhanced, and the excellent chlorine ion penetration resistance is obtained.
Optionally, the water-to-glue ratio is not greater than 0.3.
By adopting the technical scheme, the concrete impermeability can be obviously reduced when the water-cement ratio is greater than 0.3, so that the raw material proportion with the low water-cement ratio is adopted, and the chloride ion permeability resistance of the concrete can be further improved.
Optionally, the coarse aggregate is composed of internal curing filler and stones, and the weight percentage of the internal curing filler in the coarse aggregate is 15% -23%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the adopted internal curing filler replaces part of stones, and because the internal curing material can timely release water when the relative humidity in the large-volume concrete begins to reduce, the water is provided for the inside of the large-volume concrete, the self-drying phenomenon in the initial pouring stage of the large-volume concrete is facilitated to be weakened, the early self-shrinkage of the large-volume concrete is weakened, the possibility of micro-cracks generated in the concrete is further reduced, and the strength and the durability of the large-volume concrete are improved. In addition, moisture released by the internal curing material is helpful for further carrying out the later hydration reaction of the cementing material, the compactness of the large-volume concrete is improved, and the impermeability of the large-volume concrete is further improved.
Optionally, the internal curing filler is one of water-saturated ceramsite or high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particles, the high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particles are composed of a high-strength porous carrier and super absorbent resin particles filled in pores of the high-strength porous carrier, and the super absorbent resin particles are in a water-saturated state.
By adopting the technical scheme, as a plurality of fine honeycomb-shaped micropores are formed in the ceramsite, the ceramsite has the functions of water absorption and water retention, the water-saturated ceramsite replaces part of coarse aggregate and is added into the large-volume concrete, when the relative humidity in the large-volume concrete begins to be reduced, the water-saturated ceramsite gradually releases water outwards, the humidity reduction rate in the large-volume concrete is relieved, the early shrinkage deformation of the concrete is further inhibited, and the crack resistance of the large-volume concrete is improved.
The high-strength porous carrier-high water-absorbent resin in the high-strength porous carrier-high water-absorbent resin particles also has strong water-absorbing and water-retaining functions, can reduce the shrinkage of concrete, can generate large-degree volume reduction after the water loss of the high-strength porous carrier-high water-absorbent resin particles, can leave a certain amount of large pores after the volume reduction, and the pores can influence the strength of the large-volume concrete, but have similar effects with the pores introduced by the air entraining agent because the pores are closed pores, so that the chlorine ion permeability resistance of the large-volume concrete can be improved; in order to weaken the influence of the introduced high-water-absorption resin on the strength of the large-volume concrete, the high-water-absorption resin is borne by the high-strength porous carrier, so that water absorption expansion and water loss shrinkage of the high-water-absorption resin are carried out in pores of the high-strength porous carrier, pressure is borne by the high-strength porous carrier, the direct influence of the high-water-absorption resin on the strength of the large-volume concrete is reduced, and the comprehensive strength and the durability of the large-volume concrete are obviously improved.
Optionally, the preparation method of the high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particle comprises the following steps: mixing the high-strength porous carrier with the high-strength porous particles, stirring, selecting the high-strength porous carrier after stirring for a period of time, adding enough water for soaking until the water level for soaking is stable, taking out the high-strength porous carrier, and carrying out air separation to obtain the high-strength porous carrier, namely the high-strength water-absorbent resin particles.
By adopting the technical scheme, the high-strength porous carrier and the high-water-absorption particles are mixed and stirred, so that the high-water-absorption particles enter pores of the high-strength porous carrier; then, part of the high-strength porous carrier is attached to the surface of the high-strength porous carrier and is positioned in pores of the high-strength porous carrier in the process of selecting the high-strength porous carrier, but high-water-absorption particles close to the surface of the high-strength porous carrier can be separated from the high-strength porous carrier, and only part of the high-water-absorption resin positioned in the deep part of the pores of the high-strength porous carrier is remained in the high-strength porous carrier; then soaking the super absorbent resin to ensure that the super absorbent resin in the high-strength porous carrier fully absorbs water and expands, and is clamped in pores of the high-strength porous carrier to form high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particles; and the high-strength porous carrier without the super absorbent resin in part of pores is removed by air separation and is reused as a raw material for preparing the high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particles. The preparation method has the advantages of simple overall process steps, high efficiency and strong practicability.
Optionally, wax sealing is carried out before soaking the selected high-strength porous carrier, and then the temperature of water for soaking is not lower than 60 ℃;
the wax sealing comprises the following steps: and placing the selected high-strength porous carrier in paraffin in a molten state, cooling and solidifying the paraffin, and extruding, crushing and vibrating the solidified paraffin to obtain the paraffin-sealed high-strength porous carrier.
By adopting the technical scheme, as the viscosity of the molten paraffin is higher than that of water, the selected high-strength porous carrier is wax-sealed by the molten paraffin, and then the solid paraffin adhered to the surface of the high-strength porous carrier is removed by extrusion, crushing and vibrating screening, so that the high-strength porous carrier with the wax-sealed holes is obtained, and the obtained high-strength porous carrier after wax sealing can bring out high water-absorbing particles in pores of the high-strength porous carrier in the subsequent water immersion process, so that the number of empty high-strength porous carriers generated by taking out the high water-absorbing particles from the pores of the high-strength porous carrier due to water motion is reduced; and as the paraffin wax sealing is adopted, the solid paraffin is melted and floats upwards in the later stage of water immersion process, and the super absorbent resin gradually contacts with water to expand, so that the wax sealing step basically does not influence the subsequent water absorption expansion of the super absorbent resin. Namely, the wax sealing can effectively improve the preparation yield of the high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particles and reduce the preparation cost.
Optionally, the high-strength porous carrier is an open-pore ceramic ball or a macroporous vesuvianite, the particle size of the high-strength porous carrier is 15-25mm, and the pore diameter of pores of the high-strength porous carrier is 0.6-1.5 mm.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, adopt trompil porcelain ball or macropore volcanic rock as high strength porous carrier, can provide suitable storage environment for super absorbent resin, and all have higher intensity, can satisfy the coarse aggregate intensity requirement of bulky concrete. And through selecting the high-strength porous carrier with proper particle size and pore diameter, on one hand, the high-strength porous carrier can provide enough expansion space for the super absorbent resin, so that the super absorbent resin can fully absorb water, and on the other hand, the high-strength porous carrier has higher structural strength, thereby being beneficial to bearing the internal pressure of the large-volume concrete and improving the strength of the large-volume concrete.
Optionally, the super absorbent resin is an acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer super absorbent resin or an acrylic acid polymer super absorbent resin.
By adopting the technical scheme, the acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer super absorbent resin or the acrylic acid polymer super absorbent resin is adopted, so that the self-shrinkage and microcrack propagation of the mass concrete are obviously reduced, and the hydration degree of the cement in the later solidification stage can be obviously improved by the acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer super absorbent resin, so that the chloride ion permeability resistance of the mass concrete is improved.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a method for preparing a mass concrete, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of mass concrete comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: weighing cement, fly ash, mineral powder, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate according to the proportion, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a first mixture;
step two: weighing the water reducing agent and the water according to the proportion, adding the weighed water reducing agent into the water, uniformly mixing, adding the water doped with the water reducing agent into the first mixture, and uniformly stirring to obtain the mass concrete.
By adopting the technical scheme, the prepared large-volume concrete has high compactness, few shrinkage cracks and obviously improved strength, durability and chloride ion permeation resistance.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. as the fly ash and the mineral powder are adopted to replace part of cement as the cementing material, a three-stage cementing material system is constructed, the cement consumption is effectively reduced, the hydration reaction of the concrete is weakened, the adiabatic temperature rise of the concrete is controlled, and the possibility of generating cracks in the concrete is reduced; the compactness of the prepared mass concrete is enhanced by adopting the concrete raw material proportion, and the excellent chlorine ion penetration resistance is obtained;
2. the internal curing filler is preferably adopted to replace part of stones as the coarse aggregate, and because the internal curing material can timely release water when the relative humidity in the large-volume concrete begins to reduce, the water is provided for the inside of the large-volume concrete, the self-drying phenomenon in the initial pouring stage of the large-volume concrete is reduced, the early self-shrinkage of the large-volume concrete is weakened, and the possibility of micro-cracks generated in the concrete is further reduced;
3. the bulk concrete prepared by the method has high compactness, few shrinkage cracks and obviously improved strength, durability and chloride ion permeation resistance.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
The information of the main raw materials mentioned in the following is shown in Table 1, and the rest raw materials are all common commercial products.
Table 1 raw material information table
Preparation example of high-strength porous Carrier-super absorbent resin particles
Preparation example 1
A preparation method of a high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particle comprises the following steps:
s1, weighing 10kg of high-strength water-absorbing particles and 50kg of high-strength porous carrier, putting into a stirrer, stirring for 3min, and screening the mixture of the stirred high-strength porous carrier and the high-strength water-absorbing particles by using a 16-mesh screen to obtain a high-strength porous carrier left after screening;
s2, placing the high-strength porous carrier left after screening into a reservoir filled with enough normal-temperature water for soaking until the water level in the reservoir is stable, fishing out the high-strength porous carrier, and performing air separation by using an air separator to obtain the high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particles.
Wherein, the high-strength porous carrier is an open-pore ceramic ball, the grain diameter of the open-pore ceramic ball is 15-25mm, and the pore diameter of the open-pore ceramic ball is 1 mm; the super absorbent resin is acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer super absorbent resin.
Preparation example 2
A method for preparing super absorbent resin particles as high strength porous carriers is different from preparation example 1 in that wax sealing is performed on the high strength porous carriers obtained after sieving in step S1 before step S2, and the water temperature in a reservoir is 60 ℃ in step S2. The wax sealing comprises the following steps:
placing the high-strength porous carrier left after screening into a heating tank filled with 60 ℃ liquid paraffin, taking out the liquid paraffin after cooling and solidifying, placing the paraffin after taking out and solidifying into a crusher for extruding and crushing, dividing the large solidified paraffin wrapped with the high-strength porous carrier into small blocks, then placing the small blocks of paraffin into a vibrating screening machine for vibrating and screening, and vibrating off the paraffin adhered to the surface of the high-strength porous carrier to obtain the paraffin-sealed high-strength porous carrier.
Preparation example 3
A method for preparing super absorbent resin particles as a high-strength porous carrier is different from that of preparation example 2 in that the super absorbent resin is an acrylic polymer-based super absorbent resin.
Preparation example 4
The preparation method of a high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particle is different from the preparation example 2 in that the high-strength porous carrier is macroporous vesuvianite.
Preparation example 5
A preparation method of a high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particle is different from the preparation example 2 in that the pore diameter of the pores of the open ceramic ball is 0.6 mm.
Preparation example 6
A preparation method of a high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particle is different from the preparation example 2 in that the pore diameter of an open ceramic ball pore is 1.5 mm.
Preparation example 7
A preparation method of a high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particle is different from the preparation example 2 in that the pore diameter of an open ceramic ball pore is 1.6 mm.
The particles of the high strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin obtained in preparation examples 1 to 7 were weighed and recorded in Table 2.
TABLE 2 weight (kg) of the highly porous carrier-superabsorbent resin particles obtained in preparation examples 1 to 7
| Preparation example 1 | Preparation example 2 | Preparation example 3 | Preparation example 4 | Preparation example 5 | Preparation example 6 | Preparation example 7 | |
| Weight (D) | 60.1 | 68.7 | 68.4 | 68.0 | 67.8 | 69.2 | 67.3 |
Examples
Example 1
The bulk concrete comprises the following raw material components in parts by weight and the corresponding weight shown in Table 3, and is prepared by the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: weighing cement, fly ash, mineral powder, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate according to the proportion, and putting the materials into a concrete mixer to be mixed for 30s to obtain a first mixture;
step two: weighing the water reducing agent and the water according to the proportion, adding the weighed water reducing agent and the weighed water into a stirring tank, uniformly mixing, adding the mixture into a concrete mixer filled with the first mixture, and stirring for 90s to obtain the mass concrete.
Example 2
A large-volume concrete is different from the concrete of example 1 in that the raw material components and the corresponding weights thereof are shown in Table 3.
Example 3
A large-volume concrete is different from the concrete of example 1 in that the raw material components and the corresponding weights thereof are shown in Table 3.
Example 4
A large-volume concrete is different from the concrete of example 1 in that the raw material components and the corresponding weights thereof are shown in Table 3.
Example 5
The bulk concrete is different from the bulk concrete in example 1 in that the raw material components and the corresponding weight are shown in table 3, the internal curing filler adopts water-saturated ceramsite, and the water-saturated ceramsite is obtained by soaking ceramsite for 4 hours and then airing the surface water.
TABLE 3 feed components and weights (kg) and corresponding Water-to-gel ratios in examples 1-5
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Example 5 | |
| Cement | 69.8 | 68 | 71 | 68 | 69.8 |
| Fly ash | 8.6 | 9 | 8 | 8 | 8.6 |
| Mineral powder | 20.8 | 22 | 20 | 20 | 20.8 |
| Sand | 139.2 | 136 | 144 | 138 | 139.2 |
| Water reducing agent | 1.58 | 1.8 | 1.6 | 1.4 | 1.58 |
| Water (W) | 28.2 | 27 | 28.6 | 29 | 28.2 |
| Stone (stone) | 217.8 | 216 | 220 | 218 | 174.2 |
| Internal curing filler | / | / | / | / | 43.6 |
| Water to glue ratio | 0.284 | 0.273 | 0.289 | 0.302 | 0.284 |
Example 6
A mass concrete is different from the concrete in example 5 in that the high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particles prepared in preparation example 1 are used as the internal curing filler.
Example 7
A mass concrete, which is different from example 6 in that the high strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particles were prepared by using preparation example 2.
Example 8
A mass concrete, which is different from example 6 in that high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particles were prepared by using preparation example 3.
Example 9
A mass concrete, which is different from example 6 in that high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particles were prepared by using preparation example 4.
Example 10
A mass concrete, which is different from example 6 in that high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particles were prepared by using preparation example 5.
Example 11
A mass concrete, which is different from example 6 in that high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particles were prepared by using preparation example 6.
Example 12
A mass concrete, which is different from example 6 in that the high strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particles were prepared by using preparation example 7.
Example 13
A large-volume concrete was different from example 6 in that the amount of the high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particles was 32.6kg and the amount of the coarse aggregate was 185.2 kg. Namely, the weight ratio of the internal curing filler in the coarse aggregate is 15 percent.
Example 14
A mass concrete was different from example 6 in that 50kg of the high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particles and 167.8kg of the coarse aggregate were used. Namely, the weight ratio of the internal curing filler in the coarse aggregate is 23%.
Example 15
A mass concrete was different from example 5 in that 54.4kg of the high strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particles and 163.4kg of the coarse aggregate were used. Namely, the weight ratio of the internal curing filler in the coarse aggregate is 25 percent.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
A large-volume concrete is different from the concrete of example 1 in that the raw material components and the corresponding weights thereof are shown in Table 4.
TABLE 4 raw material composition and weight (kg) in comparative example 1
| Raw material components | Cement | Sand | Water reducing agent | Water (W) | Stone (stone) |
| Comparative example 1 | 99.2 | 139.2 | 1.58 | 28.2 | 217.8 |
Performance test
Test-compressive Strength detection
Test subjects: the concrete produced in examples 1 to 15 and comparative example 1.
The test method comprises the following steps: and manufacturing and maintaining the test piece according to the 5 th part of test piece manufacturing and maintaining methods in the standard of ordinary concrete mechanical property test methods (GBT 50081-2002), and detecting the compressive strength according to the 6 th part of compressive strength test method after the test age is reached.
And (3) test results: as shown in tables 5 and 6.
Test two shrinkage Performance test
Test subjects: the concrete produced in examples 1 to 15 and comparative example 1.
The test method comprises the following steps: the 28d self-shrinkage test was carried out according to the non-contact method in the 8 th part shrinkage test in the Standard test methods for Long-term Performance and durability of ordinary concrete (GBT 50082-2009).
And (3) test results: as shown in table 5.
Test three-crack condition detection
Test subjects: the concrete produced in examples 1 to 15 and comparative example 1.
The test method comprises the following steps: the total crack area per unit area is detected according to the 9 th part early crack test method in the standard of test methods for long-term performance and durability of ordinary concrete (GBT 50082-2009).
And (3) test results: as shown in table 5.
Test for detecting chloride ion permeability
Test subjects: the concrete produced in examples 1 to 15 and comparative example 1.
The test method comprises the following steps: and testing the electric flux of the test piece by adopting an electric flux rapid measurement method according to an electric flux test part in Highway bridge and culvert construction technical Specification (JTG/T F50-2011). Wherein, the operations of coring, sealing wax, vacuum water saturation and the like of the test piece are carried out at the age of 28 d.
And (3) test results: as shown in table 5.
Test five-machine slump and 2h slump detection
Test subjects: the concrete produced in examples 1 to 4.
The test method comprises the following steps: a horn-shaped slump bucket with an upper opening of 100mm, a lower opening of 200mm and a height of 300mm is respectively filled with test samples 1-13 and control samples 1-6, each sample is filled for three times, a tamping hammer is used for uniformly impacting 25 times along the bucket wall from outside to inside after each filling, and after tamping, the samples are leveled. And pulling up the barrel, and subtracting the height of the highest point of the concrete after the collapse by using the barrel height (300mm) to obtain a difference value, namely the slump.
And (3) test results: as shown in table 6.
Test six coagulation time detection
Test subjects: the concrete produced in examples 1 to 4.
The test method comprises the following steps: the initial setting time and the final setting time of the concrete are measured according to the penetration resistance method in the standard of the test method for the performance of common concrete mixtures (GB/T50080-2016 current standard).
And (3) test results: as shown in table 6.
TABLE 5 results of testing crack resistance and permeability resistance of examples 1 to 15 and comparative example 1
Table 6 examples 1-4 slump, setting time and strength test results
By combining examples 1-4 and comparative example 1 with tables 5 and 6, it can be seen that the bulk concrete prepared by the formulation of the present application has fewer cracks, higher strength and stronger resistance to chloride ion penetration. The fly ash and the mineral powder are used for replacing part of cement as a cementing material, so that the using amount of the cement is effectively reduced, the hydration reaction of the concrete is weakened, and the generation of cracks in the concrete is reduced; and because the combination of the cement, the fly ash and the slag powder can construct a three-stage gel material system, the mixing water consumption is reduced, the single water consumption of the concrete is greatly reduced by matching with the water reducing agent, the setting and hardening time of the mass concrete is delayed, the hydration heat release rate is reduced, the time of the occurrence of a heat release peak is delayed, and the generation of cracks in the concrete is further reduced. Meanwhile, a three-level gel material system can be constructed by combining the cement, the fly ash and the slag powder, so that the compactness of the prepared mass concrete is enhanced, and the excellent chloride ion permeation resistance is obtained.
It can be seen from the combination of examples 1 to 4 and tables 5 and 6 that the concrete impermeability is significantly reduced when the water-cement ratio is greater than 0.3, because the bulk concrete with a low water-cement ratio has more excellent compactibility, which directly affects the chloride ion permeability resistance of the concrete.
By combining examples 1, 5 and 6 and table 5, it can be seen that after the internal curing filler is used to replace part of the stones, the number of cracks in the mass concrete is obviously reduced, the strength is obviously improved, and the chloride ion permeation resistance is also improved. The internal curing material can release water timely when the relative humidity in the mass concrete begins to decrease, so that water is provided for the mass concrete, the self-drying phenomenon in the mass concrete at the initial stage of casting is relieved, the early self-shrinkage of the mass concrete is weakened, the number of micro-cracks generated in the concrete is reduced, and the strength of the mass concrete is improved. In addition, the moisture released by the internal curing material helps the later hydration reaction of the cementing material to further proceed, so that the compactness of the mass concrete is improved, and the impermeability of the mass concrete is further enhanced.
It can be seen from the combination of examples 6 and 7 and tables 2 and 5 that, when the high-strength porous carrier-superabsorbent resin particles are prepared, the wax sealing process can effectively improve the yield, because the wax sealing can reduce the amount of empty high-strength porous carriers generated by carrying out the superabsorbent particles in the pores of the high-strength porous carrier due to the movement of water.
It can be seen from the combination of examples 7-12 and tables 2 and 5 that the hydration degree of the cement at the later stage of setting can be obviously improved by using the acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer super absorbent resin, the compactness of the concrete is enhanced, and the chloride ion permeability resistance of the large-volume concrete is further improved. The adoption of the open-pore porcelain ball can endow the large-volume concrete with higher strength, because the strength, the rigidity and the structural stability of the open-pore porcelain ball are better. When the pore diameter of the selected high-strength porous carrier is too large, the super absorbent resin is not easy to be retained in the pores of the high-strength porous carrier, and the yield of the high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particles is directly influenced.
It can be seen from the combination of examples 5 and 13 to 15 and Table 5 that when the amount of the internal curing filler added is too large, the strength of the concrete is remarkably reduced, while when the amount is too small, the effect of reducing the generation of cracks is weak.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A mass concrete characterized by: the feed is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight:
cement 340 and 355;
40-45 parts of fly ash;
100 portions of mineral powder and 110 portions of mineral powder;
720 parts of fine aggregate;
1080 and 1100 parts of coarse aggregate;
7-9 parts of a water reducing agent;
water 135-.
2. The bulk concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the water-gel ratio is not more than 0.3.
3. The bulk concrete according to claim 1, wherein: the coarse aggregate consists of internal curing filler and stones, and the weight percentage of the internal curing filler in the coarse aggregate is 15-23%.
4. The mass concrete according to claim 3, wherein: the internal curing filler is one of saturated ceramsite or high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particles, the high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particles are composed of a high-strength porous carrier and super absorbent resin particles filled in pores of the high-strength porous carrier, and the super absorbent resin particles are in a saturated state.
5. The mass concrete according to claim 4, wherein: the preparation method of the high-strength porous carrier-super absorbent resin particles comprises the following steps: mixing the high-strength porous carrier with the high-strength porous particles, stirring, selecting the high-strength porous carrier after stirring for a period of time, adding enough water for soaking until the water level for soaking is stable, taking out the high-strength porous carrier, and carrying out air separation to obtain the high-strength porous carrier, namely the high-strength water-absorbent resin particles.
6. The mass concrete according to claim 5, wherein: wax sealing is needed before the selected high-strength porous carrier is soaked, and the temperature of water for soaking is not lower than 60 ℃;
the wax sealing comprises the following steps: and placing the selected high-strength porous carrier in paraffin in a molten state, cooling and solidifying the paraffin, and extruding, crushing and vibrating the solidified paraffin to obtain the paraffin-sealed high-strength porous carrier.
7. The mass concrete according to claim 4, wherein: the high-strength porous carrier is an open-pore ceramic ball or a macroporous volcanic rock, the particle size of the high-strength porous carrier is 15-25mm, and the pore diameter of pores of the high-strength porous carrier is 0.6-1.5 mm.
8. The mass concrete according to claim 4, wherein: the super absorbent resin is acrylic acid-acrylamide copolymer series super absorbent resin or acrylic acid polymer series super absorbent resin.
9. The method for producing mass concrete according to claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: weighing cement, fly ash, mineral powder, fine aggregate and coarse aggregate according to the proportion, and uniformly mixing and stirring to obtain a first mixture;
step two: weighing the water reducing agent and the water according to the proportion, adding the weighed water reducing agent into the water, uniformly mixing, adding the water doped with the water reducing agent into the first mixture, and uniformly stirring to obtain the mass concrete.
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