CN113264694A - Environment-friendly and energy-saving lime sintering process - Google Patents
Environment-friendly and energy-saving lime sintering process Download PDFInfo
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- CN113264694A CN113264694A CN202110652965.9A CN202110652965A CN113264694A CN 113264694 A CN113264694 A CN 113264694A CN 202110652965 A CN202110652965 A CN 202110652965A CN 113264694 A CN113264694 A CN 113264694A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B2/00—Lime, magnesia or dolomite
- C04B2/10—Preheating, burning calcining or cooling
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/02—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by adsorption, e.g. preparative gas chromatography
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/1431—Pretreatment by other processes
- B01D53/1437—Pretreatment by adsorption
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/14—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols by absorption
- B01D53/18—Absorbing units; Liquid distributors therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
- B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
- B01D53/864—Removing carbon monoxide or hydrocarbons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27D—DETAILS OR ACCESSORIES OF FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS, IN SO FAR AS THEY ARE OF KINDS OCCURRING IN MORE THAN ONE KIND OF FURNACE
- F27D17/00—Arrangements for using waste heat; Arrangements for using, or disposing of, waste gases
- F27D17/004—Systems for reclaiming waste heat
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2253/00—Adsorbents used in seperation treatment of gases and vapours
- B01D2253/10—Inorganic adsorbents
- B01D2253/102—Carbon
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/206—Rare earth metals
- B01D2255/2065—Cerium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2255/00—Catalysts
- B01D2255/20—Metals or compounds thereof
- B01D2255/207—Transition metals
- B01D2255/20707—Titanium
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D2258/00—Sources of waste gases
- B01D2258/02—Other waste gases
- B01D2258/0283—Flue gases
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
Abstract
The invention discloses an environment-friendly and energy-saving lime sintering process, which relates to the field of lime production processes, wherein lime is formed by roasting limestone, the waste heat of flue gas is fully utilized in the production process of the lime to carry out waste heat on the limestone, so that the energy consumption is effectively reduced, the energy-saving purpose is achieved, the flue gas is treated by a purification device after being utilized and before being discharged into the atmosphere, the flue gas is firstly fully reduced into harmless substances under the action of reducing gas and a reaction catalyst when passing through the purification device, then the harmless gases are adsorbed by an adsorption filter element, more than 90 percent of the harmful gases can be removed, the purified flue gas finally enters a spray tower for treatment, the harmful gases are further removed by spraying of spray water, and the discharged flue gas is effectively purified, so that a good environment-friendly effect is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of lime production processes, in particular to an environment-friendly and energy-saving lime sintering process.
Background
The lime is a product with high calcium carbonate content such as limestone, dolomite, chalk, shells and the like, and is calcined at the temperature of 900-1100 ℃, so that the lime has a wide application range in civil engineering, but the traditional lime sintering process consumes more energy, has large pollution of discharged flue gas and is not beneficial to the protection of ecological environment;
therefore, an environment-friendly and energy-saving lime sintering process is needed to solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the technical problems, the invention aims to provide an environment-friendly and energy-saving lime sintering process.
The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme:
an environment-friendly and energy-saving lime sintering process comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that limestone raw materials are put into a preheater, preheating is carried out by utilizing the waste heat of smoke generated by burning of pulverized coal in a rotary kiln, preheated limestone is discharged from the preheater and then enters the rotary kiln to be roasted, lime is formed after roasting, the lime enters a cooler from a kiln head to be cooled, and finally the cooled lime is discharged from the bottom of the cooler;
step two: the flue gas enters the reaction chamber through the air inlet pipe of the purification device, reducing gas is injected into the reaction chamber from the reaction gas inlet pipe, the reducing gas reduces harmful gas in the flue gas into harmless substances under the catalytic action of a reaction catalyst, then the flue gas enters the purification chamber after being filtered by the filter plate, the flue gas enters the spray tower from the exhaust pipe after being adsorbed by the adsorption filter element for spray treatment, and then the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere.
As a further scheme of the invention: the purification device comprises a purification chamber, a reaction chamber and a filter plate, wherein the purification chamber and the reaction chamber are separated by the filter plate, one end of the purification chamber, which is far away from the reaction chamber, is provided with an exhaust pipe, one side of the purification chamber is provided with a first material changing port, one end of the reaction chamber, which is far away from the purification chamber, is provided with an air inlet pipe, the top of the air inlet pipe is provided with a reaction gas inlet pipe, one side of the reaction chamber is provided with a second material changing port, the first material changing port and the second material changing port are both provided with a sealing door, an adsorption filter element is arranged in an inner cavity of the purification chamber, and a reaction catalyst is filled in the inner cavity of the reaction chamber;
the air inlet pipe is communicated to a tail gas port of the preheater, and the exhaust pipe is communicated to the spray tower.
As a further scheme of the invention: the preparation method of the adsorption filter element comprises the following steps:
a1: respectively washing phenolic fibers with distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 2-3 times, then air-drying, dissolving zinc chloride in deionized water, then adding the washed phenolic fibers, soaking for 1-2h, then placing in a vacuum drying oven, and drying at the temperature of 65-75 ℃ to constant weight to obtain pretreated fibers;
a2: adding the pretreated fiber into a tubular furnace, introducing nitrogen, controlling the flow rate to be 50mL/min, heating to 900 ℃ under the condition of introducing nitrogen protection, controlling the heating rate to be 2-5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 2-3h, cooling to room temperature, and taking out to obtain activated carbon fiber;
a3: washing the activated carbon fiber with a hydrochloric acid solution to remove residual zinc chloride, then washing with distilled water until the pH value of a washing solution is 7, placing the washed activated carbon fiber in a vacuum drying oven, and drying at the temperature of 65-75 ℃ to constant weight to obtain a fiber raw material;
a4: dispersing a fiber raw material in deionized water to obtain a dispersion liquid A, dissolving carboxymethyl cellulose in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a dispersion liquid B, dropwise adding the dispersion liquid B into the dispersion liquid A while stirring, controlling the dropwise adding speed to be 0.5-1mL/min, continuously stirring for 10-20min after the dropwise adding is finished to form slurry, making the slurry into paper to form filter paper, and rolling the filter paper to form a filter element to obtain the adsorption filter element.
As a further scheme of the invention: the dosage ratio of the phenolic fiber, the zinc chloride and the deionized water in the step A1 is 1 g: 20-50 mL: 8 g.
As a further scheme of the invention: the substance amount concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution in step A3 was 1 mol/L.
As a further scheme of the invention: the dosage ratio of the fiber raw material, the deionized water, the carboxymethyl cellulose and the absolute ethyl alcohol in the step A4 is 1.5 g: 100-500 mL: 0.7 g: 20-50 mL.
As a further scheme of the invention: the preparation method of the reaction catalyst comprises the following steps:
b1: respectively adding cerium nitrate and titanium sulfate into deionized water to prepare a cerium nitrate solution and a titanium sulfate solution, and then uniformly mixing the cerium nitrate solution and the titanium sulfate solution to obtain a mixed solution A;
b2: dropwise adding ammonia water into an ammonium chloride solution until the pH value of the solution is 10 to obtain a mixed solution B;
b3: dissolving polyethylene glycol 600 in deionized water, adding the solution into the mixed solution B, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution C;
b4: heating the mixed solution C to 30-35 ℃, dropwise adding the mixed solution A, controlling the pH of a reaction system to be constant at 10 by ammonia water in the dropwise adding process, aging for 20-30h at 30-35 ℃ after the dropwise adding is finished, then carrying out vacuum filtration, washing a filter cake by distilled water until no chloride ions or sulfate ions exist in a washing liquid, placing the filter cake in a vacuum drying box, drying to constant weight at 110 ℃ with 100 plus materials, and then placing in a muffle furnace to roast for 4-5h at 650 ℃ to obtain the reaction catalyst.
As a further scheme of the invention: the quantity concentration of the cerium nitrate solution and the titanium sulfate solution in the step B1 is 0.2mol/L, and the volume ratio of the cerium nitrate solution to the titanium sulfate solution is 1: 3.
as a further scheme of the invention: the mass concentration of the aqueous ammonia in step B2 was 6mol/L, and the mass concentration of the ammonium chloride solution was 1 mol/L.
As a further scheme of the invention: the dosage ratio of the polyethylene glycol 600, the deionized water and the mixed solution B in the step B3 is 0.283 g: 20mL of: 100 mL.
As a further scheme of the invention: the volume ratio of the mixed solution C to the mixed solution A in the step B4 is 12: 5, the mass concentration of the ammonia water is 6 mol/L.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention relates to an environment-friendly and energy-saving lime sintering process, limestone raw materials are put into a preheater, waste heat of flue gas generated by coal dust combustion in a rotary kiln is utilized for preheating, preheated limestone is discharged from the preheater and then enters the rotary kiln for roasting, lime is formed after roasting, the lime enters a cooler from a kiln head for cooling, finally the cooled lime is discharged from the bottom of the cooler, wherein the flue gas enters a reaction chamber through an air inlet pipe of a purification device, reducing gas is injected into the reaction chamber from a reaction gas inlet pipe, the reducing gas reduces harmful gas in the flue gas into harmless substances under the catalytic action of a reaction catalyst, the flue gas enters the purification chamber after being filtered by a filter plate, the flue gas enters a spray tower for spray treatment after being adsorbed by an adsorption filter element, and then the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere; in the process, lime is formed after roasting limestone, and waste heat of flue gas is fully utilized in the production process of the lime to carry out waste heat on the limestone, so that energy consumption is effectively reduced, and the aim of saving energy is fulfilled;
the process prepares an adsorption filter element, phenolic fibers form activated carbon fibers under the activation action of zinc chloride, and then the activated carbon fibers are prepared into the filter element, the zinc chloride is a unique activating agent, and because the zinc chloride has high dehydration property, the zinc chloride exerts strong dehydration effect on the phenolic fibers in the activation process, obviously reduces the integral carbonization temperature, inhibits the formation of tar, and leads to the formation of open micropores and mesopores in the structure, thereby solving the defect that the activated carbon fibers prepared by the traditional method have insufficient microporosity although the specific surface area is large, and improving the higher adsorption effect of the activated carbon fibers;
in the process, a reaction catalyst is also prepared, cerium titanium composite oxide is prepared by taking cerium nitrate and titanium sulfate as raw materials and adopting a coprecipitation method under alkaline conditions, cerium oxide is rare earth oxide with excellent oxygen storage and supply performances, and simultaneously has high oxygen vacancy concentration and oxygen mobility, the excellent catalytic effect of the cerium oxide is determined by the excellent catalytic effect of the cerium oxide which is derived from the fact that cerium atoms of the cerium oxide have two valence states (Ce is in a Ce state of two valence states)4+、Ce3+) Through the conversion between the two, can realize good storage oxygen, promote the migration and the conversion of oxygen species in the catalytic reaction, thereby improve catalytic activity, but pure cerium oxide thermal stability is poor, when contacting high temperature flue gas, easy sintering leads to specific surface area to descend, catalytic activity reduces, therefore, add titanium oxide in cerium oxide, titanium oxide itself has good anti sulfur dioxide performance and is often used as the carrier of catalytic reduction denitration catalyst, the stability of sulfate is very weak on the titanium oxide surface, and difficult formation sulphide, therefore cerium oxide after adding titanium oxide can improve its thermal stability, show higher redox characteristic and catalytic activity, be favorable to the abundant reduction of harmful gas in the flue gas.
Drawings
The invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings;
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of a purification apparatus according to the present invention;
in the figure: 101. a clean room; 102. an exhaust pipe; 103. a first material changing port; 201. a reaction chamber; 202. an air inlet pipe; 203. a material changing port II; 204. a reaction gas inlet pipe; 301. a filter plate.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
the embodiment is an adsorption filter element, and the preparation method of the adsorption filter element comprises the following steps:
a1: respectively washing phenolic fibers for 2 times by using distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol, then air-drying, dissolving zinc chloride in deionized water, then adding the washed phenolic fibers, soaking for 1h, then placing in a vacuum drying oven, and drying at the temperature of 65 ℃ to constant weight to obtain pretreated fibers; controlling the dosage ratio of the phenolic fiber, the zinc chloride and the deionized water to be 1 g: 20mL of: 8g of the total weight of the mixture;
a2: adding the pretreated fiber into a tubular furnace, introducing nitrogen, controlling the flow rate to be 50mL/min, heating to 900 ℃ under the protection of the introduced nitrogen, controlling the heating rate to be 2 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 2h, cooling to room temperature, and taking out to obtain the activated carbon fiber;
a3: washing the activated carbon fiber with a hydrochloric acid solution, then washing with distilled water until the pH value of a washing solution is 7, placing the washed activated carbon fiber in a vacuum drying oven, and drying at the temperature of 65 ℃ to constant weight to obtain a fiber raw material; controlling the mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution to be 1 mol/L;
a4: dispersing a fiber raw material in deionized water to obtain a dispersion liquid A, dissolving carboxymethyl cellulose in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a dispersion liquid B, dropwise adding the dispersion liquid B into the dispersion liquid A while stirring, controlling the dropwise adding speed to be 0.5mL/min, continuously stirring for 10min after the dropwise adding is finished to form slurry, papermaking the slurry to form filter paper, and rolling the filter paper to form a filter element to obtain an adsorption filter element; controlling the dosage ratio of the fiber raw material, the deionized water, the carboxymethyl cellulose and the absolute ethyl alcohol to be 1.5 g: 100mL of: 0.7 g: 20 mL.
Example 2:
the embodiment is an adsorption filter element, and the preparation method of the adsorption filter element comprises the following steps:
a1: respectively washing phenolic fibers for 3 times by using distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol, then air-drying, dissolving zinc chloride in deionized water, then adding the washed phenolic fibers, soaking for 2 hours, then placing in a vacuum drying oven, and drying at the temperature of 75 ℃ to constant weight to obtain pretreated fibers; controlling the dosage ratio of the phenolic fiber, the zinc chloride and the deionized water to be 1 g: 50mL of: 8g of the total weight of the mixture;
a2: adding the pretreated fiber into a tubular furnace, introducing nitrogen, controlling the flow rate to be 50mL/min, heating to 900 ℃ under the protection of the introduced nitrogen, controlling the heating rate to be 5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 3h, cooling to room temperature, and taking out to obtain the activated carbon fiber;
a3: washing the activated carbon fiber with a hydrochloric acid solution, then washing with distilled water until the pH value of a washing solution is 7, placing the washed activated carbon fiber in a vacuum drying oven, and drying at the temperature of 75 ℃ to constant weight to obtain a fiber raw material; controlling the mass concentration of the hydrochloric acid solution to be 1 mol/L;
a4: dispersing a fiber raw material in deionized water to obtain a dispersion liquid A, dissolving carboxymethyl cellulose in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a dispersion liquid B, dropwise adding the dispersion liquid B into the dispersion liquid A while stirring, controlling the dropwise adding speed to be 1mL/min, continuously stirring for 20min after the dropwise adding is finished to form a slurry, making the slurry into paper to form filter paper, and rolling the filter paper to form a filter element to obtain an adsorption filter element; controlling the dosage ratio of the fiber raw material, the deionized water, the carboxymethyl cellulose and the absolute ethyl alcohol to be 1.5 g: 500 mL: 0.7 g: 50 mL.
Example 3:
this example is a reaction catalyst, and the preparation method of the reaction catalyst comprises the following steps:
b1: respectively adding cerium nitrate and titanium sulfate into deionized water to prepare a cerium nitrate solution and a titanium sulfate solution, and then uniformly mixing the cerium nitrate solution and the titanium sulfate solution to obtain a mixed solution A; controlling the quantity concentration of the cerium nitrate solution and the titanium sulfate solution to be 0.2mol/L, wherein the volume ratio of the cerium nitrate solution to the titanium sulfate solution is 1: 3;
b2: dropwise adding ammonia water into an ammonium chloride solution until the pH value of the solution is 10 to obtain a mixed solution B; controlling the mass concentration of ammonia water to be 6mol/L and the mass concentration of ammonium chloride solution to be 1 mol/L;
b3: dissolving polyethylene glycol 600 in deionized water, adding the solution into the mixed solution B, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution C; controlling the dosage ratio of the polyethylene glycol 600 to the deionized water to the mixed solution B to be 0.283 g: 20mL of: 100 mL;
b4: heating the mixed solution C to 30 ℃, dropwise adding the mixed solution A, controlling the pH of a reaction system to be constant at 10 by ammonia water in the dropwise adding process, aging for 20h at 30 ℃ after the dropwise adding is finished, then carrying out vacuum filtration, washing a filter cake by distilled water, placing the filter cake in a vacuum drying box, drying to constant weight at 100 ℃, and then placing in a muffle furnace to roast for 4h at 650 ℃ to obtain a reaction catalyst; controlling the volume ratio of the mixed solution C to the mixed solution A to be 12: 5, the mass concentration of ammonia water was 6 mol/L.
Example 4:
this example is a reaction catalyst, and the preparation method of the reaction catalyst comprises the following steps:
b1: respectively adding cerium nitrate and titanium sulfate into deionized water to prepare a cerium nitrate solution and a titanium sulfate solution, and then uniformly mixing the cerium nitrate solution and the titanium sulfate solution to obtain a mixed solution A; controlling the quantity concentration of the cerium nitrate solution and the titanium sulfate solution to be 0.2mol/L, wherein the volume ratio of the cerium nitrate solution to the titanium sulfate solution is 1: 3;
b2: dropwise adding ammonia water into an ammonium chloride solution until the pH value of the solution is 10 to obtain a mixed solution B; controlling the mass concentration of ammonia water to be 6mol/L and the mass concentration of ammonium chloride solution to be 1 mol/L;
b3: dissolving polyethylene glycol 600 in deionized water, adding the solution into the mixed solution B, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution C; controlling the dosage ratio of the polyethylene glycol 600 to the deionized water to the mixed solution B to be 0.283 g: 20mL of: 100 mL;
b4: heating the mixed solution C to 30-35 ℃, dropwise adding the mixed solution A, controlling the pH of a reaction system to be constant at 10 by ammonia water in the dropwise adding process, aging for 30h at 35 ℃ after dropwise adding, then carrying out vacuum filtration, washing a filter cake by distilled water, placing the filter cake in a vacuum drying box, drying to constant weight at 110 ℃, and then placing in a muffle furnace to roast for 5h at 650 ℃ to obtain a reaction catalyst; controlling the volume ratio of the mixed solution C to the mixed solution A to be 12: 5, the mass concentration of ammonia water was 6 mol/L.
Example 5:
referring to fig. 1, the embodiment is an environment-friendly and energy-saving lime sintering process, which includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the adsorption filter element from the embodiment 1 is installed into the purification chamber 101 from the first material changing port 103, and the reaction catalyst from the embodiment 3 is filled into the reaction chamber 201 from the second material changing port 203;
step two: the method comprises the following steps that limestone raw materials are put into a preheater, preheating is carried out by utilizing the waste heat of smoke generated by burning of pulverized coal in a rotary kiln, preheated limestone is discharged from the preheater and then enters the rotary kiln to be roasted, lime is formed after roasting, the lime enters a cooler from a kiln head to be cooled, and finally the cooled lime is discharged from the bottom of the cooler;
step three: the flue gas enters the reaction chamber 201 through the gas inlet pipe 202 of the purification device, carbon monoxide gas is injected into the reaction chamber 201 from the reaction gas inlet pipe 204, the carbon monoxide gas reduces harmful gas in the flue gas into harmless substances under the catalytic action of a reaction catalyst, then the flue gas enters the purification chamber 101 after being filtered by the filter plate 301, the flue gas enters the spray tower from the exhaust pipe 102 after being adsorbed by the adsorption filter element for spray treatment, and then the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere.
Example 6:
referring to fig. 1, the embodiment is an environment-friendly and energy-saving lime sintering process, which includes the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the adsorption filter element from the embodiment 2 is installed into the purification chamber 101 from the first material changing port 103, and the reaction catalyst from the embodiment 4 is filled into the reaction chamber 201 from the second material changing port 203;
step two: the method comprises the following steps that limestone raw materials are put into a preheater, preheating is carried out by utilizing the waste heat of smoke generated by burning of pulverized coal in a rotary kiln, preheated limestone is discharged from the preheater and then enters the rotary kiln to be roasted, lime is formed after roasting, the lime enters a cooler from a kiln head to be cooled, and finally the cooled lime is discharged from the bottom of the cooler;
step three: the flue gas enters the reaction chamber 201 through the gas inlet pipe 202 of the purification device, carbon monoxide gas is injected into the reaction chamber 201 from the reaction gas inlet pipe 204, the carbon monoxide gas reduces harmful gas in the flue gas into harmless substances under the catalytic action of a reaction catalyst, then the flue gas enters the purification chamber 101 after being filtered by the filter plate 301, the flue gas enters the spray tower from the exhaust pipe 102 after being adsorbed by the adsorption filter element for spray treatment, and then the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere.
Example 7:
referring to fig. 1, the present embodiment is a purification apparatus, the purification apparatus includes a purification chamber 101, a reaction chamber 201, and a filter plate 301, the purification chamber 101 and the reaction chamber 201 are separated by the filter plate 301, an exhaust pipe 102 is installed at one end of the purification chamber 101 far away from the reaction chamber 201, a first material change port 103 is installed at one side of the purification chamber 101, an air inlet pipe 202 is installed at one end of the reaction chamber 201 far away from the purification chamber 101, a reaction gas inlet pipe 204 is installed at the top of the air inlet pipe 202, a second material change port 203 is installed at one side of the reaction chamber 201, sealing doors are installed on the first material change port 103 and the second material change port 203, an adsorption filter element is installed in an inner cavity of the purification chamber 101, and a reaction catalyst is filled in the inner cavity of the reaction chamber 201;
the inlet pipe 202 is connected to the preheater exhaust port and the outlet pipe 102 is connected to the spray tower.
Comparative example 1:
comparative example 1 is different from example 6 in that an adsorption filter is not installed in the purification chamber 101 and the reaction chamber 201 is not filled with a reaction catalyst.
Comparative example 2:
comparative example 2 is different from example 6 in that no adsorption filter is installed in the purification chamber 101 and the reaction chamber 201 is filled with a reaction catalyst.
Comparative example 3:
comparative example 3 is different from example 6 in that an adsorption filter is installed in the purification chamber 101 and the reaction chamber 201 is not filled with a reaction catalyst.
Comparative example 4:
comparative example 4 is different from example 6 in that the purification chamber 101 is filled with activated carbon and the reaction chamber 201 is filled with yellow phosphorus.
The removal rates of nitric oxide and sulfur dioxide were measured by introducing a test gas into the purification apparatus at a space velocity of 24000 mL/(g.h) according to the methods of examples 5 to 6 and comparative examples 1 to 4.
The results are shown in the following table:
referring to the data in the table, it can be seen from the comparison between the examples and the comparative examples 1 to 3 that the addition of the adsorption filter element and the reaction catalyst can significantly remove the harmful gas in the detected gas, and the reaction catalyst can be obtained to play a major role, and the purification effect of the adsorption filter element and the reaction catalyst in the present invention can be significantly better than that of activated carbon and yellow phosphorus by the comparison between the examples and the comparative example 4.
In the description herein, references to the description of "one embodiment," "an example," "a specific example" or the like are intended to mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.
The foregoing is illustrative and explanatory only and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise embodiments described, and various modifications, additions, and substitutions may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention or exceeding the scope of the claims.
Claims (9)
1. An environment-friendly and energy-saving lime sintering process is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: the method comprises the following steps that limestone raw materials are put into a preheater, preheating is carried out by utilizing the waste heat of smoke generated by burning of pulverized coal in a rotary kiln, preheated limestone is discharged from the preheater and then enters the rotary kiln to be roasted, lime is formed after roasting, the lime enters a cooler from a kiln head to be cooled, and finally the cooled lime is discharged from the bottom of the cooler;
step two: flue gas enters a reaction chamber (201) through an air inlet pipe (202) of a purification device, reducing gas is injected into the reaction chamber (201) from a reaction gas inlet pipe (204), the reducing gas reduces harmful gas in the flue gas into harmless substances under the catalytic action of a reaction catalyst, then the flue gas enters the purification chamber (101) after being filtered by a filter plate (301), the flue gas enters a spray tower from an exhaust pipe (102) for spray treatment after being adsorbed by an adsorption filter element, and then the flue gas is discharged into the atmosphere.
2. The environment-friendly and energy-saving lime sintering process according to claim 1, wherein the purification device comprises a purification chamber (101), a reaction chamber (201) and a filter plate (301), the purification chamber (101) and the reaction chamber (201) are separated by the filter plate (301), an exhaust pipe (102) is installed at one end of the purification chamber (101) far away from the reaction chamber (201), a first material changing port (103) is formed at one side of the purification chamber (101), an air inlet pipe (202) is installed at one end of the reaction chamber (201) far away from the purification chamber (101), a reaction gas inlet pipe (204) is installed at the top of the air inlet pipe (202), a second material changing port (203) is formed at one side of the reaction chamber (201), sealing doors are installed on the first material changing port (103) and the second material changing port (203), and an adsorption filter element is installed in an inner cavity of the purification chamber (101), the inner cavity of the reaction chamber (201) is filled with reaction catalyst;
the air inlet pipe (202) is communicated to an exhaust port of the preheater, and the exhaust pipe (102) is communicated to the spray tower.
3. The environment-friendly and energy-saving lime sintering process according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the adsorption filter element comprises the following steps:
a1: respectively washing phenolic fibers with distilled water and absolute ethyl alcohol for 2-3 times, then air-drying, dissolving zinc chloride in deionized water, then adding the washed phenolic fibers, soaking for 1-2h, then placing in a vacuum drying oven, and drying at the temperature of 65-75 ℃ to constant weight to obtain pretreated fibers;
a2: adding the pretreated fiber into a tubular furnace, introducing nitrogen, controlling the flow rate to be 50mL/min, heating to 900 ℃ under the condition of introducing nitrogen protection, controlling the heating rate to be 2-5 ℃/min, keeping the temperature for 2-3h, cooling to room temperature, and taking out to obtain activated carbon fiber;
a3: washing the activated carbon fiber with a hydrochloric acid solution, then washing with distilled water until the pH value of a washing solution is 7, placing the washed activated carbon fiber in a vacuum drying oven, and drying at the temperature of 65-75 ℃ to constant weight to obtain a fiber raw material;
a4: dispersing a fiber raw material in deionized water to obtain a dispersion liquid A, dissolving carboxymethyl cellulose in absolute ethyl alcohol to obtain a dispersion liquid B, dropwise adding the dispersion liquid B into the dispersion liquid A while stirring, controlling the dropwise adding speed to be 0.5-1mL/min, continuously stirring for 10-20min after the dropwise adding is finished to form slurry, making the slurry into paper to form filter paper, and rolling the filter paper to form a filter element to obtain the adsorption filter element.
4. The environment-friendly and energy-saving lime sintering process according to claim 3, wherein the dosage ratio of the phenolic fiber, the zinc chloride and the deionized water in the step A1 is 1 g: 20-50 mL: 8 g.
5. The environment-friendly and energy-saving lime sintering process according to claim 3, wherein the use amount ratio of the fiber raw material, the deionized water, the carboxymethyl cellulose and the absolute ethyl alcohol in the step A4 is 1.5 g: 100-500 mL: 0.7 g: 20-50 mL.
6. The environment-friendly and energy-saving lime sintering process according to claim 1, wherein the preparation method of the reaction catalyst comprises the following steps:
b1: respectively adding cerium nitrate and titanium sulfate into deionized water to prepare a cerium nitrate solution and a titanium sulfate solution, and then uniformly mixing the cerium nitrate solution and the titanium sulfate solution to obtain a mixed solution A;
b2: dropwise adding ammonia water into an ammonium chloride solution until the pH value of the solution is 10 to obtain a mixed solution B;
b3: dissolving polyethylene glycol 600 in deionized water, adding the solution into the mixed solution B, and uniformly mixing to obtain a mixed solution C;
b4: heating the mixed solution C to 30-35 ℃, dropwise adding the mixed solution A, controlling the pH of a reaction system to be constant at 10 by ammonia water in the dropwise adding process, aging for 20-30h at 30-35 ℃ after the dropwise adding is finished, then carrying out vacuum filtration, washing a filter cake by distilled water, placing the filter cake in a vacuum drying box, drying to constant weight at the temperature of 100-110 ℃, and then placing in a muffle furnace to roast for 4-5h at the temperature of 650 ℃ to obtain the reaction catalyst.
7. The environment-friendly and energy-saving lime sintering process according to claim 6, wherein the quantity concentration of the cerium nitrate solution and the titanium sulfate solution in the step B1 is 0.2mol/L, and the volume ratio of the cerium nitrate solution to the titanium sulfate solution is 1: 3.
8. the environment-friendly and energy-saving lime sintering process according to claim 6, wherein the dosage ratio of the polyethylene glycol 600, the deionized water and the mixed solution B in the step B3 is 0.283 g: 20mL of: 100 mL.
9. The environment-friendly and energy-saving lime sintering process according to claim 6, wherein the volume ratio of the mixed solution C to the mixed solution A in the step B4 is 12: 5, the mass concentration of the ammonia water is 6 mol/L.
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