CN113263170A - Method for remedying bleed-out by pouring cut-off of sizing nozzle of continuous casting machine - Google Patents
Method for remedying bleed-out by pouring cut-off of sizing nozzle of continuous casting machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN113263170A CN113263170A CN202110520111.5A CN202110520111A CN113263170A CN 113263170 A CN113263170 A CN 113263170A CN 202110520111 A CN202110520111 A CN 202110520111A CN 113263170 A CN113263170 A CN 113263170A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D41/00—Casting melt-holding vessels, e.g. ladles, tundishes, cups or the like
- B22D41/50—Pouring-nozzles
- B22D41/52—Manufacturing or repairing thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/18—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring
- B22D11/181—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for pouring responsive to molten metal level or slag level
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
- B22D—CASTING OF METALS; CASTING OF OTHER SUBSTANCES BY THE SAME PROCESSES OR DEVICES
- B22D11/00—Continuous casting of metals, i.e. casting in indefinite lengths
- B22D11/16—Controlling or regulating processes or operations
- B22D11/20—Controlling or regulating processes or operations for removing cast stock
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for remedying bleed-out by pouring and breaking off at a fixed diameter nozzle of a continuous casting machine, which comprises the following steps of; adding a heating agent into the mixture to bake the tundish; calibrating the liquid level of the crystallizer, presetting the liquid level A1 of the given molten steel of the crystallizer, fixing the pulling speed value B, observing the actual liquid level a of the molten steel in the crystallizer, and introducing feedforward control; comparing the detected actual molten steel liquid level a signal with a given molten steel liquid level A1 signal; calculating the deviation and the deviation change rate of the actual molten steel liquid level a and the given molten steel liquid level A1; carrying out fuzzy reasoning, and transmitting the deduced decision value to a molten steel pulling speed controller for operation; the molten steel drawing speed controller outputs and controls the drawing speed value b of the withdrawal and straightening machine after calculation; and calculating and adjusting the given molten steel level to A2 according to the pulling speed value b. The invention introduces a feedforward control system, realizes the effect of stabilizing the pulling speed by adjusting the liquid level of the given molten steel downwards, is convenient for production, solves the problem of slag entrapment and steel leakage caused by instantaneous no-flow, reduces the secondary casting times, reduces the labor intensity of workers and reduces the consumption of steel materials.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of pouring of a sizing nozzle of a continuous casting tundish, and particularly relates to a method for remedying bleed-out by pouring cutoff of the sizing nozzle of a continuous casting machine.
Background
At present, continuous casting divides factory 1, 2 # billet caster, and production 150x150mm cross section is used the quick replacement metering nozzle of package to cast, and the metering nozzle takes place blocking phenomenon easily in the production, and the analysis reason is as follows: the working layer of the tundish coated by refractory materials and the slag weir in the tundish are eroded and washed by high-temperature molten steel, and non-metallic inclusion with larger particles is drawn into the metering nozzle along with the molten steel in the process of erosion and scouring, so that the metering nozzle is blocked to cause the reduction of the pulling speed, the condition happens instantly without warning, particularly when the size of the particles is equal to the diameter of the metering nozzle, instant flow break can be caused, and sometimes the steel flow suddenly drops after the flow break lasts for only 3 to 4 seconds. The average pulling speed of the small square billet is 3m/min, when the metering nozzle is cut off, the automatic liquid level control system reduces the pulling speed, and when the metering nozzle is serious, the pulling speed returns to zero. When the particles pass through the sizing nozzle, the steel flow returns to be normal, the automatic pulling speed is very low or 0m/min at this time, although the automatic liquid level control system reacts quickly and automatically and quickly improves the pulling speed, the starting inertia of the withdrawal and straightening machine is too large, so that the pulling speed is slowly improved, after the tapping speed of the sizing nozzle is normal, the casting steel liquid level of the crystallizer quickly rises to cover a solidified protective slag belt embedded on the copper pipe wall of the crystallizer, and slag rolling and steel leakage occur after the casting blank moves downwards out of the crystallizer along with the casting blank, and the control is lost.
Therefore, the development of the method for remedying the breakout by pouring and breaking the fixed diameter nozzle of the continuous casting machine has important significance for the technical field of pouring of the fixed diameter nozzle of the continuous casting tundish.
Disclosure of Invention
1. Technical problem to be solved by the invention
The invention aims to overcome the problems that in the existing molten steel level control technology, the liquid level can not be changed when the given molten steel level is in the pouring process, the automatic control model of the molten steel level can not be modified, the liquid level of the molten steel poured by a crystallizer can easily rise quickly to cover a solidified protective slag band embedded on the copper pipe wall of the crystallizer, slag entrapment and steel leakage occur after a casting blank moves downwards out of the crystallizer along with the casting blank, the control is lost and the like, and the method for remedying the steel leakage by pouring and cutting off the fixed diameter water gap of the continuous casting machine is; the invention utilizes the introduction of a feedforward control system, carries out fuzzy reasoning according to the deviation and the deviation change rate of the actual liquid level a of the molten steel and the given liquid level A1, transmits the deduced decision value to the molten steel pulling speed controller for operation, and adjusts the given liquid level of the molten steel down to realize the effect of stabilizing the pulling speed, thereby facilitating production, solving the problems of slag rolling and steel leakage caused by instantaneous no flow, reducing the secondary casting times, lowering the labor intensity of workers and reducing the consumption of steel materials.
2. Technical scheme
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
a method for remedying bleed-out of a sizing nozzle of a continuous casting machine by pouring and breaking off flow comprises the following steps:
s1: the dry type tundish is used, the tundish baking time is more than two hours, the baking quality of the tundish directly determines the thermal stability state of the tundish, so that whether the tundish is successfully cast or quickly replaced is influenced, and the dry type tundish baking method plays an important role in improving the continuous casting furnace number of the tundish, improving the operation rate of a continuous casting machine and reducing the production cost; meanwhile, the production rhythm of continuous casting is fast, the field influence factors are complex, the tundish is required to have the capability of fast baking, the ladle baking speed is fast, and the atmosphere temperature in the tundish can accurately reach the temperature required by casting. In the pouring process of the tundish, particularly, the temperature change in the tundish of the first ladle is stable during pouring or quick change, and the tundish has a better thermal stability state;
s2: the method comprises the following steps of calibrating the liquid level of a crystallizer, presetting a liquid level A1 of given molten steel of the crystallizer, and a fixed pulling speed value B, wherein the fixed pulling speed value has very important influence on the yield of a continuous casting machine and the quality of a casting blank, observing the actual liquid level a of the molten steel in the crystallizer, and introducing feedforward control;
s2: comparing the detected actual molten steel liquid level a signal with a given molten steel liquid level A1 signal;
s3: calculating the deviation and the deviation change rate of the actual molten steel liquid level a and the given molten steel liquid level A1;
s4: carrying out fuzzy reasoning, and transmitting the deduced decision value to a molten steel pulling speed controller for operation;
s5: the molten steel drawing speed controller outputs and controls the drawing speed value b of the withdrawal and straightening machine after calculation;
s6: calculating and quickly adjusting the given molten steel liquid level to A2 according to the pulling speed value b, and calculating the matched molten steel liquid level by using the pulling speed value b;
s7: and when the pulling speed value is gradually restored to B, the liquid level A2 of the given molten steel is adjusted to the position A1, and the casting is continued.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the feed forward control is a pre-control setting the given molten steel level A1 to an adjustable value.
As a further improvement of the invention, the molten steel drawing speed controller is a PID controller, and the PID controller controls the actual molten steel liquid level.
As a further improvement of the invention, the given molten steel level A1 is controlled by a given molten steel controller L, and the given molten steel controller L is an operable controller.
As a further improvement of the invention, after the liquid level of the given molten steel is adjusted downwards to A2, a slag band embedded in the copper pipe wall of the crystallizer is picked out in time by a slag fishing rod.
3. Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior art, the technical scheme provided by the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) the invention relates to a method for remedying bleed-out by pouring and breaking of a metering nozzle of a continuous casting machine, which introduces a feedforward control system, carries out fuzzy reasoning according to the deviation and the deviation change rate of the actual liquid level a of molten steel and the given liquid level A1 of molten steel, transmits a decision value after the reasoning to a molten steel pulling speed controller for operation, and reduces the given liquid level of the molten steel to realize the effect of stable pulling speed.
(2) The invention relates to a method for remedying bleed-out by pouring and breaking of a metering nozzle of a continuous casting machine, which solves the problem of slag entrapment and bleed-out caused by instant no-flow after being used. A billet caster usually has no flow for 20 times per month, so that steel leakage or abnormal casting stop waste products generate about 40 tons, and the annual economic benefit is about according to the price difference of 1000 yuan/ton between qualified steel products and waste products per ton: 40 tons 1000 yuan/ton 12 month 48 ten thousand yuan/year.
(3) The method for remedying bleed-out of the sizing nozzle of the continuous casting machine by pouring and breaking off can reduce equipment damage caused by accidents such as slag rolling and bleed-out and save the equipment maintenance cost by about 3 ten thousand yuan each year; meanwhile, the method is successful in remediation, and no bleed-out and overflow steel stopping accidents occur, so that the full flow rate index of continuous casting is greatly improved, the yield of casting blanks is improved, the safety is ensured, and the smooth production is brought.
(4) The invention relates to a method for remedying bleed-out by pouring and breaking off at a metering nozzle of a continuous casting machine, which reduces the loss of waste steel, saves the maintenance cost of equipment, and reduces the total annual cost by 48+3 to 51 ten thousand yuan per year.
(5) The invention relates to a method for remedying bleed-out by pouring and breaking off at a metering nozzle of a continuous casting machine, which uses a dry material tundish, wherein the dry material of the tundish is a high-tech alkaline unshaped refractory material which is a renewal product of a tundish working lining, and the material is prepared by using high-quality magnesia as a main raw material, adding a bonding agent and an additive and performing strict production process control. During construction of the dry material tundish, water and stirring are not needed, so that the construction is simple and convenient, the speed is high, and the labor intensity is low; after the dry material tundish is vibrated and constructed, the construction body does not need to be maintained and can be directly ignited and baked, and the construction body does not crack or peel; the dry material tundish resists the erosion of molten steel and slag in the use process, has long service life, and can provide different materials per ton of steel with low consumption of refractory materials according to the requirements of customers; after the dry material tundish is used up, the working layer and the permanent lining are not easy to sinter, the slag is convenient to remove, and the tundish turning is easy; the main component of the dry material is Mg0, which has strong adsorption effect on non-metallic inclusions (such as A1203, Si02 and the like) in the molten steel, thereby purifying the molten steel and improving the quality of the molten steel; the requirements of the dry material tundish on the baking conditions are not high, the dry material tundish only needs to be baked to 150-200 ℃, the baking temperature is low, the baking time is short, and the energy-saving effect is very obvious; the use process has no toxic gas, clean environment and no dust pollution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for remedying bleed-out of a fixed diameter nozzle of a continuous casting machine by pouring and flow-breaking;
FIG. 2 is a trend line of breakout before remediation according to the present invention;
fig. 3 is a trend line after the remedy of the present invention is successful.
Number designations in scheme 1:
s1: adding a heating agent to bake the tundish, wherein the heating agent is a dry material, the heating agent is higher than the bottom of the tundish, and the baking of the tundish needs more than two hours;
s2: calibrating the liquid level of the crystallizer, presetting the liquid level A1 of the given molten steel of the crystallizer, fixing the pulling speed value B, observing the actual liquid level a of the molten steel in the crystallizer, and introducing feedforward control;
s2: comparing the detected actual molten steel liquid level a signal with a given molten steel liquid level A1 signal;
s3: calculating the deviation and the deviation change rate of the actual molten steel liquid level a and the given molten steel liquid level A1;
s4: carrying out fuzzy reasoning, and transmitting the deduced decision value to a molten steel pulling speed controller for operation;
s5: the molten steel drawing speed controller outputs and controls the drawing speed value b of the withdrawal and straightening machine after calculation;
s6: calculating and adjusting the liquid level of the given molten steel to A2 according to the pulling speed value b;
s7: and when the pulling speed value is gradually restored to B, the liquid level A2 of the given molten steel is adjusted to the position A1, and the casting is continued.
Description of schematic fig. 2 and 3:
red is the trend line of the given liquid level of the molten steel;
black is the trend line of the actual liquid level of the molten steel;
blue is the actual pull rate trend line in the automatic control state.
Detailed Description
For a further understanding of the invention, reference should be made to the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
Referring to fig. 1, the method for remedying bleed-out of a fixed diameter nozzle pouring cutoff of a continuous casting machine according to the present embodiment includes the steps of:
s1: a dry material tundish is used, the amount of the heating agent is higher than that of the tundish bottom, and the tundish baking time is more than two hours; the baking quality of the tundish directly determines the thermal stability state of the tundish, thereby influencing whether the tundish is successfully cast or quickly replaced, and playing an important role in improving the continuous casting furnace number of the tundish, improving the operation rate of a continuous casting machine and reducing the production cost; meanwhile, the production rhythm of continuous casting is fast, the field influence factors are complex, the tundish is required to have the capability of fast baking, the ladle baking speed is fast, and the atmosphere temperature in the tundish can accurately reach the temperature required by casting. In the pouring process of the tundish, particularly, the temperature change in the tundish of the first ladle is stable during pouring or quick change, and the tundish has a better thermal stability state;
s2: the method comprises the following steps of calibrating the liquid level of a crystallizer, presetting a liquid level A1 of given molten steel of the crystallizer, and a fixed pulling speed value B, wherein the fixed pulling speed value has very important influence on the yield of a continuous casting machine and the quality of a casting blank, observing the actual liquid level a of the molten steel in the crystallizer, and introducing feedforward control;
s2: comparing the detected actual molten steel liquid level a signal with a given molten steel liquid level A1 signal;
s3: calculating the deviation and the deviation change rate of the actual molten steel liquid level a and the given molten steel liquid level A1;
s4: carrying out fuzzy reasoning, and transmitting the deduced decision value to a molten steel pulling speed controller for operation;
s5: the molten steel drawing speed controller outputs and controls the drawing speed value b of the withdrawal and straightening machine after calculation;
s6: calculating and quickly adjusting the given molten steel liquid level to A2 according to the pulling speed value b, and calculating the matched molten steel liquid level by using the pulling speed value b;
s7: and when the pulling speed value is gradually restored to B, the liquid level A2 of the given molten steel is adjusted to the position A1, and the casting is continued.
The feed-forward control is a preset control, and the given molten steel level A1 is set to be an adjustable numerical value.
The molten steel drawing speed controller is a PID controller, and the PID controller controls the actual molten steel liquid level.
The given molten steel level A1 is controlled by a given molten steel controller L, and the given molten steel controller L is an operable controller.
And after the liquid level of the given molten steel is adjusted downwards to A2, a slag removing rod is used for timely picking out a slag band embedded in the copper pipe wall of the crystallizer.
In the embodiment, a feed-forward control system is introduced, fuzzy reasoning is carried out according to the deviation and the deviation change rate of the actual molten steel level a and the given molten steel level A1, the deduced decision value is transmitted to a molten steel pulling speed controller for operation, the given molten steel level is adjusted downwards to realize the effect of stable pulling speed, the production is convenient, the problems of slag rolling and steel leakage caused by instantaneous no-flow are solved, the secondary casting times are reduced, the labor intensity of workers is reduced, and the consumption of steel and iron materials is reduced.
The dry material tundish used in the embodiment is a high-tech alkaline unshaped refractory material which is a renewal product of a tundish working lining, and the dry material is prepared by using high-quality magnesia as a main raw material, adding a bonding agent and an additive and controlling and processing the high-quality magnesia by a strict production process. During construction of the dry material tundish, water and stirring are not needed, so that the construction is simple and convenient, the speed is high, and the labor intensity is low; after the dry material tundish is vibrated and constructed, the construction body does not need to be maintained and can be directly ignited and baked, and the construction body does not crack or peel; the dry material tundish resists the erosion of molten steel and slag in the use process, has long service life, and can provide different materials per ton of steel with low consumption of refractory materials according to the requirements of customers; after the dry material tundish is used up, the working layer and the permanent lining are not easy to sinter, the slag is convenient to remove, and the tundish turning is easy; the main component of the dry material is Mg0, which has strong adsorption effect on non-metallic inclusions (such as A1203, Si02 and the like) in the molten steel, thereby purifying the molten steel and improving the quality of the molten steel; the requirements of the dry material tundish on the baking conditions are not high, the dry material tundish only needs to be baked to 150-200 ℃, the baking temperature is low, the baking time is short, and the energy-saving effect is very obvious; the use process has no toxic gas, clean environment and no dust pollution.
Example 2
As shown in fig. 1 to 3, this embodiment is substantially the same as embodiment 1, and further, in this embodiment, the continuous casting plant square billet caster produces a square billet with a cross section of 150 × 150mm, a tundish quick-change metering nozzle is used for casting during the production process, and the metering nozzle is prone to clogging during the production process, for the following analysis reasons: the working layer of the tundish coated by refractory materials and the slag weir in the tundish are eroded and washed by high-temperature molten steel, and non-metallic inclusion with larger particles is drawn into the metering nozzle along with the molten steel in the process of erosion and scouring, so that the metering nozzle is blocked to cause the reduction of the pulling speed, the condition happens instantly without warning, particularly when the size of the particles is equal to the diameter of the metering nozzle, instant flow break can be caused, and sometimes the steel flow suddenly drops after the flow break lasts for only 3 to 4 seconds. In the embodiment, the average pulling speed of the small square billet is 3m/min, because the pulling speed is reduced by the automatic liquid level control system when the metering nozzle is cut off, and the pulling speed returns to zero when the metering nozzle is serious. When the particles pass through the sizing nozzle, the steel flow returns to be normal, the automatic drawing speed is very low or 0m/min at this time, although the automatic liquid level control system reacts quickly and automatically and quickly improves the drawing speed, the starting inertia of the withdrawal and straightening machine is too large, so that the drawing speed is slowly improved, after the tapping speed of the sizing nozzle is normal, the casting liquid level of the crystallizer quickly rises to cover a solidified protective slag belt embedded on the copper pipe wall of the crystallizer, slag rolling and steel leakage occur after the casting blank moves downwards out of the crystallizer along with the casting blank, and the control is lost.
The measures are taken as follows: setting the distance between the given molten steel liquid level A1 and the upper opening of the crystallizer to be about 100mm, controlling the precision to be +/-3 mm, adopting a mode of modifying an automatic liquid level control model, introducing feedforward control according to the characteristics of the production process, comparing a detected actual molten steel liquid level a signal with a given molten steel liquid level A1 signal, calculating the deviation and the deviation change rate of the actual molten steel liquid level a and the given molten steel liquid level A1, carrying out fuzzification, fuzzy reasoning and decision making, then sending to an actual drawing speed liquid level PID controller for operation, outputting a drawing speed value b for controlling a drawing and straightening machine, and calculating and reducing the given molten steel liquid level to A2 according to the drawing speed value b. And when the pulling speed value is gradually restored to B, the liquid level A2 of the given molten steel is adjusted to the position A1, and the casting is continued.
The embodiment overcomes the defect that the response of the traditional liquid level control scheme to large disturbance is slow, when the current is cut off, the liquid level of the molten steel in the crystallizer is lowered, the actual liquid level line on the operation panel is also lowered at the same time, and an operator presses a liquid level control button on the operation panel for 3 seconds to lower the given liquid level from 80 percent of the normal liquid level to 20 percent of the low liquid level (volume percentage). And then a slag dragging rod is used for timely picking out a slag band embedded in the copper pipe wall of the crystallizer, and the automatic liquid level line is adjusted back to normal casting when the steel flow casting is normal.
The actual molten steel level a and the given molten steel level a1 in this embodiment are changed as follows:
| crystallizer given molten steel level A1 height (volume percentage) | 0％ | 20％ | 80％ | 100％ |
| The distance (mm) between the actual liquid level a of molten steel and the metering nozzle of the copper pipe | 260 | 220 | 100 | 60 |
In the embodiment, the PID controller is an instrument controlled by proportional-integral-derivative and is used for stably controlling the liquid level of the crystallizer. For example, a preset liquid level height setting value is provided to the PID controller, so that the PID controller controls the liquid level of the crystallizer according to the liquid level height setting value and the actual liquid level height of the crystallizer, and the liquid level of the crystallizer is stable without generating violent change
The embodiment solves the problems of slag rolling and steel leakage caused by instant no-flow, one billet caster generally has no-flow for 20 times per month, so that steel leakage or abnormal casting stop waste products can generate about 40 tons, and the annual economic benefit is about according to the difference of 1000 yuan/ton of qualified steel products and waste products per ton: 40 tons 1000 yuan/ton 12 month 48 ten thousand yuan/year.
The embodiment can reduce the equipment damage caused by accidents such as slag rolling, steel leakage and the like, and saves the equipment maintenance cost by about 3 ten thousand yuan each year; meanwhile, the method is successful in remediation, and no bleed-out and overflow steel stopping accidents occur, so that the full flow rate index of continuous casting is greatly improved, the yield of casting blanks is improved, the safety is ensured, and the smooth production is brought.
The embodiment reduces the loss of scrap steel and saves the equipment maintenance cost, and the total annual cost is reduced by 48+3 to 51 ten thousand yuan per year.
The present invention and its embodiments have been described above schematically, without limitation, and what is shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present invention, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. Therefore, if the person skilled in the art receives the teaching, without departing from the spirit of the invention, the person skilled in the art shall not inventively design the similar structural modes and embodiments to the technical solution, but shall fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (5)
1. A method for remedying bleed-out of a sizing nozzle of a continuous casting machine by pouring and breaking off flow is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: a dry material tundish is used, and the tundish baking needs more than two hours;
s2: calibrating the liquid level of the crystallizer, presetting the liquid level A1 of the given molten steel of the crystallizer, fixing the pulling speed value B, observing the actual liquid level a of the molten steel in the crystallizer, and introducing feedforward control;
s3: comparing the detected actual molten steel liquid level a signal with a given molten steel liquid level A1 signal;
s4: calculating the deviation and the deviation change rate of the actual molten steel liquid level a and the given molten steel liquid level A1;
s5: carrying out fuzzy reasoning, and transmitting the deduced decision value to a molten steel pulling speed controller for operation;
s6: the molten steel drawing speed controller outputs and controls the drawing speed value b of the withdrawal and straightening machine after calculation;
s7: calculating and adjusting the liquid level of the given molten steel to A2 according to the pulling speed value b;
s8: and when the pulling speed value is gradually restored to B, the liquid level A2 of the given molten steel is adjusted to the position A1, and the casting is continued.
2. The method for remedying breakout by pouring cutoff at a metering nozzle of a continuous casting machine according to claim 1, wherein: the feed-forward control is a preset control, and the given molten steel level A1 is set to be an adjustable numerical value.
3. The method for remedying breakout by pouring cutoff at a metering nozzle of a continuous casting machine according to claim 2, wherein: the molten steel drawing speed controller is a PID controller, and the PID controller controls the actual molten steel liquid level.
4. The method for remedying breakout by pouring cutoff at a metering nozzle of a continuous casting machine according to claim 3, wherein: the given molten steel level A1 is controlled by a given molten steel controller L, and the given molten steel controller L is an operable controller.
5. The method for remedying breakout by pouring cutoff at a metering nozzle of a continuous casting machine according to claim 3, wherein: and after the liquid level of the given molten steel is adjusted downwards to A2, a slag removing rod is used for timely picking out a slag band embedded in the copper pipe wall of the crystallizer.
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