CN113263052A - Magnesium-aluminum alloy composite material and preparation process thereof - Google Patents
Magnesium-aluminum alloy composite material and preparation process thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 47
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 42
- SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminum magnesium Chemical compound [Mg].[Al] SNAAJJQQZSMGQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 229910000861 Mg alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011777 magnesium Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Magnesium Chemical compound [Mg] FYYHWMGAXLPEAU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229910052749 magnesium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000004381 surface treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000011109 contamination Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000005028 tinplate Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000005488 sandblasting Methods 0.000 description 11
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910001094 6061 aluminium alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 2
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005034 decoration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002791 soaking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
- B21B45/004—Heating the product
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B47/00—Auxiliary arrangements, devices or methods in connection with rolling of multi-layer sheets of metal
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B15/00—Layered products comprising a layer of metal
- B32B15/01—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic
- B32B15/017—Layered products comprising a layer of metal all layers being exclusively metallic one layer being formed of aluminium or an aluminium alloy, another layer being formed of an alloy based on a non ferrous metal other than aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/26—Methods of annealing
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0221—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the working steps
- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0247—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips characterised by the heat treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
- C21D8/0278—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips involving a particular surface treatment
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/0081—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for slabs; for billets
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
- C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
- C22F1/06—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of magnesium or alloys based thereon
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
- B21B1/38—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling sheets of limited length, e.g. folded sheets, superimposed sheets, pack rolling
- B21B2001/386—Plates
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
- B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
- B21B2003/001—Aluminium or its alloys
Abstract
The invention discloses a magnesium-aluminum alloy composite material and a preparation process thereof, wherein the preparation process comprises the following steps: s1, preparing materials, namely cleaning the surfaces of the prepared composite magnesium alloy plate, aluminum alloy plate and auxiliary materials to ensure that the surfaces of the materials are free of oxides and oil contamination impurities; s2, stacking the materials after surface treatment, and enabling the auxiliary materials to be positioned between the magnesium alloy plate and the aluminum alloy plate for simple composite fixation; s3, preheating in a furnace to melt the auxiliary material, and performing hot rolling compounding for multiple times until the material reaches the target thickness; and S4, performing thermal diffusion annealing treatment after rolling. After the auxiliary material with a lower melting point is preheated and melted, the auxiliary material is in a liquid state and is uniformly paved on the surface of the magnesium alloy plate, the composite surface of the magnesium alloy plate is protected from being oxidized, the liquid auxiliary material can be extruded out from the rear part of the plate entering a roller during rolling, and the hot rolling composite forming of the magnesium plate and the aluminum plate without oxidation is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of preparation of magnesium/aluminum alloy composite materials, in particular to a magnesium-aluminum alloy composite material and a preparation process thereof.
Background
The magnesium alloy known as the green engineering material in the 21 st century has the advantages of low density, high specific strength/specific rigidity, good heat conduction and heat dissipation performance and the like, and is widely applied to the fields of aerospace, 3C products and the like. The density of the magnesium alloy is only about 2/3 of the aluminum alloy, and the requirement of the product on light weight can be better met. Particularly, in the field of 3C products, 3C products are newly developed in recent years along with the development of electronic industries, and mainly refer to computer (computer), communication (communication), and consumer (consumer) electronic products, in this industry, the development of technology is changing day by day, the upgrade and generation are frequent, a large number of new products are launched almost every month, which becomes a hot spot field of product design, and each design company has to establish a 3C department to specially design and develop such products.
The requirements for light weight and portability in the field of 3C products are more and more urgent, but compared with aluminum alloys, the surface treatment process of magnesium alloys is more difficult, the color variety of the surface treatment is limited, and the requirements of users for diversified appearances and high quality are difficult to meet, so that the further use of the magnesium alloys in the field of 3C products is limited. The existing scheme of hot rolling and compounding magnesium alloy and aluminum alloy mostly adopts metal layer clamping or powder laying, so that the influence of an oxide layer on the compounding process is reduced, but the process is complex or has severe requirements (vacuum or gas protection) on the environment, so that the efficiency of material compounding preparation is insufficient, and the method cannot be well suitable for large-scale industrial production.
Aiming at the problems and the current requirements for light weight and diversified appearance, the invention provides a preparation process of a magnesium/aluminum alloy composite material, which can comprehensively meet the requirements for light weight and diversified surface.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the magnesium-aluminum alloy composite material and the preparation process thereof.
The preparation process of the magnesium-aluminum alloy composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, preparing materials, namely cleaning the surfaces of the prepared composite magnesium alloy plate, aluminum alloy plate and auxiliary materials to ensure that the surfaces of the materials are free of oxides and oil contamination impurities;
s2, stacking the materials after surface treatment, and enabling the auxiliary materials to be positioned between the magnesium alloy plate and the aluminum alloy plate for simple composite fixation;
s3, preheating in a furnace to melt the auxiliary material, and performing hot rolling compounding for multiple times until the material reaches the target thickness;
and S4, performing thermal diffusion annealing treatment after rolling.
Further, the auxiliary material is metallic tin. The melting point is below 250 ℃, and the paint is cheap, nontoxic and harmless.
Further, the thickness ratio of the magnesium alloy plate to the aluminum alloy plate is greater than 1.
Still further, the magnesium alloy sheet includes any one of AZ31, AZ42, ZK61, MB2 wrought magnesium alloy, and the aluminum alloy sheet includes any one of pure aluminum, 5052, 6061.
Further, the surface cleaning process in step S1 includes one or more of sand blasting, shot blasting, mechanical sand removal or solution soaking; the simple composite process comprises any one of welding, pin/rivet combination and mechanical embedding.
Specifically, the auxiliary material is any one of a plate shape, a strip shape or a thread shape, and the thickness is 0.2-0.6 mm.
Preferably, the auxiliary material is plate-shaped and 0.5mm in thickness.
Further, in step S2, aluminum alloy plate and magnesium alloy plate are stacked on the upper and lower surfaces, respectively, and the auxiliary material is a plate-like tin plate sandwiched therebetween.
Further, the preheating temperature in step S3 is 250-480 ℃, and the preheating time is 0.5-3 h. The tin can be completely melted in the process of increasing the preheating temperature from 240 ℃ to 300 ℃, and the upper limit value of the preheating temperature can adapt to the rolling of magnesium alloys of different types (brands).
Further, the heating furnace preheated in the step S3 is a general resistance furnace, and when placed in the furnace for preheating, the magnesium plate is kept horizontal below and throughout the plate.
Furthermore, in step S3, the rolling reduction of the multiple hot rolling passes is 30-80%, the rolling speed is 7-15m/min, the hot rolling temperature is 250-480 ℃, and the heat preservation time between passes is 10-60 min.
Furthermore, the thermal diffusion annealing temperature in step S4 is 220-360 ℃, and the annealing time is 1-4 h.
A magnesium-aluminum alloy composite material is prepared by any one of the preparation processes.
The magnesium/aluminum alloy composite material with good bonding performance is prepared by hot rolling and compounding, and the urgent requirements of products on light weight and diversified surface treatment can be met. The advantages are that:
1. auxiliary materials with lower melting points are selected to be preheated and melted and then are uniformly paved on the surface of the magnesium alloy plate in a liquid state, the composite surface of the magnesium alloy plate is protected from being oxidized, the liquid auxiliary materials can be extruded out from the rear part of the plate entering a roller during rolling, the magnesium plate and the aluminum plate without oxidation are guaranteed to be subjected to hot rolling composite forming, the influence of a magnesium oxidation layer on the strength of the composite plate is reduced, the strength bonding strength of the plate is improved, and a large amount of auxiliary materials are covered by the auxiliary materialsCan be collected after extrusion for recycling, reduces the loss of auxiliary materials and the process cost, and a small amount of auxiliary materials take tin as an example and can further form Mg with a magnesium alloy plate2Sn belongs to a face-centered cubic crystal structure compound, and is beneficial to improving the plasticity of a joint surface and improving the brittleness of the joint surface; meanwhile, the preparation process only needs to select a common heating furnace for preheating, and does not need to select a vacuum furnace or introduce gas for protection, so that the process difficulty and the cost are reduced, and the composite production efficiency of the material is improved.
2. The preparation method is characterized in that metal tin is selected as an auxiliary material, the magnesium alloy plate, the tin plate and the aluminum alloy plate are sequentially stacked from bottom to top, the melting point of tin is about 232 ℃, when the temperature exceeds 250 ℃, the tin is melted into liquid, the liquid tin is completely paved on the surface of the magnesium alloy plate under the action of self gravity, and the oxidation temperature of the magnesium alloy plate is usually above 300 ℃, so that an oxidation layer can be prevented from being generated on the magnesium alloy plate, and the metal tin is easy to obtain and convenient to operate, and can be applied to large-scale industrial production.
3. The magnesium/aluminum alloy is selected for compounding, the thickness of a magnesium layer in the composite material is controlled to be larger than that of an aluminum layer, and the density of the composite board can be controlled to be 2.2g/cm3The weight of the product is only 77.8 percent of that of the aluminum alloy product with the same volume, the product quality can be obviously reduced, and the requirement of light weight is met.
4. The aluminum alloy surface of the composite material is selected as the appearance surface of the part (or product) in the 3C field, the surface decoration performance of the part (or product) can be improved through surface treatment such as anodic oxidation and the like, meanwhile, the magnesium alloy with light quality is protected in the aluminum alloy surface, the corrosion resistance of the part (or product) can be improved, all the surface treatments which can be carried out by the aluminum alloy can be used on the surface of the composite material to improve the protection performance of the material, the problems of few selection of the magnesium alloy surface treatment process and great technical difficulty are solved, and the diversified requirements of the surface effect are ensured; the material can be better suitable for the field of 3C products.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sample preparation diagram of a composite board for shear strength test.
Wherein, the alloy comprises 1-magnesium alloy and 2-aluminum alloy.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without any inventive step based on the embodiments of the present invention, are within the scope of the present invention.
Example 1
In the embodiment, 5052 aluminum alloy and AZ31 magnesium alloy plates are selected for compounding. Firstly, carrying out surface sand blasting treatment on a 5052 alloy plate with the thickness of 2 multiplied by 200 multiplied by 300mm, an AZ31 magnesium alloy plate and a tin plate with the thickness of 0.5 multiplied by 200 multiplied by 300mm, and removing impurities and oil stains on the surfaces of the plates; riveting and combining the plates subjected to sand blasting by 5052 aluminum alloy; horizontally putting the riveted plate into a heating furnace, ensuring that the magnesium plate is below, and preserving heat for 1h at 360 ℃; carrying out hot rolling with the reduction of 50 percent and the rolling speed of 10m/min, carrying out hot rolling for the 2 nd time after the plate subjected to the first hot rolling is kept at 360 ℃ for 10min, and rolling to the thickness of about 1 mm; and keeping the temperature at 280 ℃ for 2h for thermal diffusion annealing treatment.
Example 2
In the example, 6061 aluminum alloy and AZ42 magnesium alloy plates are selected for compounding. Firstly, carrying out surface sand blasting treatment on a prepared AZ42 magnesium alloy plate with the thickness of 3 multiplied by 200 multiplied by 300mm, a 6061 alloy plate with the thickness of 2 multiplied by 200 multiplied by 300mm and a tin plate with the thickness of 0.5 multiplied by 200 multiplied by 300mm to remove impurities and oil stains on the plate surface; riveting and combining the plates subjected to sand blasting by using 6061 aluminum alloy; horizontally putting the riveted plate into a heating furnace, ensuring that the magnesium plate is below, and preserving heat for 1h at 380 ℃; carrying out hot rolling with the reduction of 60 percent and the rolling speed of 12m/min, carrying out hot rolling for the 2 nd time after the plate subjected to the first hot rolling is kept at 380 ℃ for 10min, and rolling to the thickness of about 0.8 mm; and keeping the temperature at 280 ℃ for 2h for thermal diffusion annealing treatment.
Example 3
In the example, 6061 aluminum alloy and AZ31 magnesium alloy plates are selected for compounding. Firstly, carrying out surface sand blasting treatment on prepared AZ31 magnesium alloy plates with the thickness of 10 multiplied by 200 multiplied by 300mm, 6061 alloy plates with the thickness of 5 multiplied by 200 multiplied by 300mm and tin plates with the thickness of 0.5 multiplied by 200 multiplied by 300mm to remove impurities and oil stains on the surfaces of the plates; riveting and combining the plates subjected to sand blasting by using 6061 aluminum alloy; horizontally putting the riveted plate into a heating furnace, ensuring that the magnesium plate is below, and preserving heat for 1h at 420 ℃; hot rolling is carried out, the reduction is 70 percent, the rolling speed is 12m/min, and the thickness is about 4.5 mm; and keeping the temperature at 280 ℃ for 2h for thermal diffusion annealing treatment.
Example 4
In the embodiment, 5052 aluminum alloy and AZ61 magnesium alloy plates are selected for compounding. Firstly, carrying out surface treatment on a 5052 alloy plate and an AZ61 magnesium alloy plate which are prepared and have the thickness of 2 x 200 x 300mm and a tin plate with the thickness of 0.3 x 200 x 300mm, and cleaning the surfaces of the tin plates by using dilute hydrochloric acid to remove impurities and oil stains on the surfaces of the tin plates; riveting and combining the plate subjected to surface treatment with 5052 aluminum alloy; horizontally putting the riveted plate into a heating furnace, ensuring that the magnesium plate is below, and preserving heat for 1.5 hours at 400 ℃; carrying out hot rolling with the reduction of 60 percent and the rolling speed of 10m/min, carrying out hot rolling for the 2 nd time after the plate subjected to the first hot rolling is kept at 360 ℃ for 15min, and rolling to the thickness of about 1 mm; and keeping the temperature at 300 ℃ for 2h for thermal diffusion annealing treatment.
Example 5
In the embodiment, 6061 aluminum alloy and MB2 magnesium alloy plates are selected for compounding. Firstly, carrying out surface sand blasting treatment on a prepared MB2 magnesium alloy plate with the thickness of 3 multiplied by 200 multiplied by 300mm, a 6061 alloy plate with the thickness of 2 multiplied by 200 multiplied by 300mm and a tin plate with the thickness of 0.4 multiplied by 200 multiplied by 300mm, and removing impurities and oil stains on the plate surface; riveting and combining the plates subjected to sand blasting by using 6061 aluminum alloy; horizontally putting the riveted plate into a heating furnace, ensuring that the magnesium plate is below, and preserving heat for 1h at 380 ℃; carrying out hot rolling with the reduction of 50 percent and the rolling speed of 12m/min, carrying out 2-time hot rolling after the plate subjected to the first hot rolling is kept at 380 ℃ for 15min, and rolling to the thickness of about 1 mm; and keeping the temperature at 300 ℃ for 2h for thermal diffusion annealing treatment.
Comparative example 1
In the embodiment, 5052 aluminum alloy and AZ31 magnesium alloy plates are selected for compounding. Firstly, performing surface sand blasting treatment on a 5052 alloy plate and an AZ31 magnesium alloy plate with the thickness of 2 x 200 x 300mm, and removing impurities and oil stains on the surfaces of the plates; riveting and combining the plates subjected to sand blasting by 5052 aluminum alloy; horizontally putting the riveted plate into a heating furnace, ensuring that the magnesium plate is below, and preserving heat for 1h at 360 ℃; carrying out hot rolling with the reduction of 50 percent and the rolling speed of 10m/min, carrying out hot rolling for the 2 nd time after the plate subjected to the first hot rolling is kept at 360 ℃ for 10min, and rolling to the thickness of about 1 mm; and keeping the temperature at 280 ℃ for 2h for thermal diffusion annealing treatment.
As shown in FIG. 1, the bonding strength of the magnesium/aluminum composite materials prepared in the examples and comparative examples was tested by the unified test, and the shear strength of the composite sheet was tested by the test standard GB/T6396-2008, and Table 1 shows the room-temperature shear strength of the composite sheets prepared in the examples and comparative examples.
Table 1 examples of the shear strength at room temperature of the composite sheet
Claims (10)
1. A preparation process of a magnesium-aluminum alloy composite material is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, preparing materials, namely cleaning the surfaces of the prepared composite magnesium alloy plate, aluminum alloy plate and auxiliary materials to ensure that the surfaces of the materials are free of oxides and oil contamination impurities;
s2, stacking the materials after surface treatment, and enabling the auxiliary materials to be positioned between the magnesium alloy plate and the aluminum alloy plate for simple composite fixation;
s3, preheating in a furnace to melt the auxiliary material, and performing hot rolling compounding for multiple times until the material reaches the target thickness;
and S4, performing thermal diffusion annealing treatment after rolling.
2. The process for preparing the magnesium-aluminum alloy composite material according to claim 1, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the auxiliary material is metallic tin.
3. The process for preparing the magnesium-aluminum alloy composite material according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the magnesium alloy plate comprises any one of AZ31, AZ42, ZK61 and MB2 wrought magnesium alloy, and the aluminum alloy plate comprises any one of pure aluminum, 5052 and 6061.
4. The process for preparing the magnesium-aluminum alloy composite material according to claim 3, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the auxiliary material is any one of plate-shaped, strip-shaped or thread-shaped, and the thickness of the auxiliary material is 0.2-0.6 mm.
5. The process for preparing the magnesium-aluminum alloy composite material according to claim 4, wherein the process comprises the following steps: in step S2, the aluminum alloy plate and the magnesium alloy plate are stacked on the upper and lower surfaces, respectively, and the auxiliary material is a plate-like tin plate sandwiched therebetween.
6. The process for preparing the magnesium-aluminum alloy composite material according to claim 5, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the preheating temperature in the step S3 is 250-480 ℃, and the preheating time is 0.5-3 h.
7. The process for preparing the magnesium-aluminum alloy composite material according to claim 6, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the heating furnace preheated in the step S3 is a common resistance furnace, and the levelness of the magnesium plate below and the whole plate is ensured when the magnesium plate is placed into the furnace for preheating.
8. The process for preparing the magnesium-aluminum alloy composite material according to claim 7, wherein the process comprises the following steps: in step S3, the pass reduction of the multi-pass hot rolling is 30-80%, the rolling speed is 7-15m/min, the hot rolling temperature is 250-480 ℃, and the heat preservation time between passes is 10-60 min.
9. The process for preparing the magnesium-aluminum alloy composite material according to claim 8, wherein the process comprises the following steps: the thermal diffusion annealing temperature in the step S4 is 220-360 ℃, and the annealing time is 1-4 h.
10. A magnesium-aluminum alloy composite material is characterized in that: prepared by the process of any one of claims 1 to 9.
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