CN113262031B - Tibial intramedullary nail distal hole aiming gauge and use method thereof - Google Patents
Tibial intramedullary nail distal hole aiming gauge and use method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113262031B CN113262031B CN202110720583.5A CN202110720583A CN113262031B CN 113262031 B CN113262031 B CN 113262031B CN 202110720583 A CN202110720583 A CN 202110720583A CN 113262031 B CN113262031 B CN 113262031B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/72—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices
- A61B17/7291—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices for small bones, e.g. in the foot, ankle, hand or wrist
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61B—DIAGNOSIS; SURGERY; IDENTIFICATION
- A61B17/00—Surgical instruments, devices or methods, e.g. tourniquets
- A61B17/56—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor
- A61B17/58—Surgical instruments or methods for treatment of bones or joints; Devices specially adapted therefor for osteosynthesis, e.g. bone plates, screws, setting implements or the like
- A61B17/68—Internal fixation devices, including fasteners and spinal fixators, even if a part thereof projects from the skin
- A61B17/72—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices
- A61B17/7233—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special means of locking the nail to the bone
- A61B17/725—Intramedullary pins, nails or other devices with special means of locking the nail to the bone with locking pins or screws of special form
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01B—MEASURING LENGTH, THICKNESS OR SIMILAR LINEAR DIMENSIONS; MEASURING ANGLES; MEASURING AREAS; MEASURING IRREGULARITIES OF SURFACES OR CONTOURS
- G01B5/00—Measuring arrangements characterised by the use of mechanical techniques
Abstract
The invention provides a tibia intramedullary nail distal hole aiming gauge and a using method thereof, wherein the aiming gauge comprises a bottom plate, a positioning component, a distal front aiming component and a distal side aiming component, wherein the positioning component fixes the proximal end of an intramedullary nail, the distal front aiming component and the distal side aiming component are arranged in parallel, the former is positioned above the distal end of the intramedullary nail, and the latter is positioned on the side surface of the distal end of the intramedullary nail; the far-end front aiming assembly comprises a far-end front aiming seat, a far-end front aiming seat cushion block and a far-end front aiming through rod, and the far-end side aiming assembly comprises a far-end side aiming seat and a far-end side aiming through rod. The intramedullary nail remote hole position detection device has the advantages that the far-end front and side aiming assemblies are arranged, the far-end hole position of the intramedullary nail is detected, the pressurizing function is realized, and the intramedullary nail remote hole position detection device can be used for detecting the intramedullary nail with a more complex structure; the positioning assembly adopts a combined structure, parts can be replaced independently, and the maintenance cost is low; the aiming checking fixture is exquisite in design, convenient to use, high in detection efficiency and wide in detection range.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and relates to a tibia intramedullary nail distal hole aiming gauge and a using method thereof.
Background
The intramedullary nail is a common orthopedic internal fixation instrument and has the advantages of micro-wound, stress dispersion, fast healing, small taking-out incision and the like; the tibia intramedullary nail is a product for the fracture of the tibia shaft, has unique superiority in treatment, and is fixed by stress-dispersed fixation rather than stress-shielded fixation, so that the shaping of callus is promoted, and the defect that the fracture end is not tightly contacted possibly in the fixation of a bone fracture plate is overcome. Therefore, intramedullary nails play an important role in the treatment of tibial stem fractures.
At present, the intramedullary nail implantation operation adopts a closing and minimally invasive technology, and a locking nail is driven into a human body through external aiming, which means that the position of a locking hole on the intramedullary nail is particularly important, and the operation is possibly carried with risks by slight deviation, so that a checking tool which can quickly and accurately detect whether the position of the intramedullary nail hole is qualified is needed to be designed. Common detection means such as a vernier caliper, a go-no-go gauge and the like cannot evaluate the spatial position relationship between holes, and although the three-coordinate measuring instrument can detect the holes, the three-coordinate measuring instrument needs professional operation skills, has high instrument cost and has low detection efficiency.
CN 205054418U discloses a tibial intramedullary nail aiming detection device, which comprises a base, wherein the base is provided with a reference seat for fixing the proximal end of the tibial intramedullary nail, a proximal detection hole component for detecting the coaxiality of proximal holes of the tibial intramedullary nail and a distal detection hole component for detecting two distal locking nail holes of the tibial intramedullary nail; a locking bolt for fixing the proximal end of the tibial intramedullary nail is arranged on the reference seat; the near-end detection hole assembly comprises a near-end detection base, a detection hole A on the near-end detection base and a coaxial detection gauge A arranged in the detection hole A; the far-end detection hole assembly comprises a far-end detection base, a positioning column, a detection hole B and a coaxial detection gauge B, wherein the positioning column, the detection hole B and the coaxial detection gauge B are arranged on the far-end detection base.
CN 207012226U discloses a examine utensil fast of examining on inspection shin bone intramedullary nail each hole aiming function, and the major structure includes: a through rod 01 for near-end aiming, a connecting screw, a bottom plate and a reference plate, a near-end base, a far-end base and a positioning rod, and a through rod 02 for far-end aiming. During measurement, a connecting screw of the detection tool penetrates through a through hole in a reference plate of the detection tool to hang the intramedullary nail tightly; after the intramedullary nail is fixed, a through rod 01 of the checking fixture penetrates through a through hole on a near-end base of the checking fixture; after the near-end aiming confirms that no error exists, according to the specification of the corresponding tibial intramedullary nail, a corresponding hole is found on the far-end base of the corresponding checking fixture, and the through rod 02 of the checking fixture penetrates through the through hole on the far-end base of the checking fixture.
In the patent, the intramedullary nail product which can be detected by the detection tool has a simpler structure, and only products with distal holes at the same plane height can be detected; in addition, the proximal positioning base of the checking fixture is of an integral structure, and once the proximal positioning base is worn, the proximal positioning base needs to be replaced completely, so that later maintenance cost is high; the pressurizing device used in the detection of the distal hole has no locking function, and the pressurizing device needs to be continuously pressed manually in the detection process, so that the problem of convenience in use exists.
In conclusion, aiming and detecting the distal hole of the tibial intramedullary nail, a proper checking fixture structure is required to be selected, so that the spatial position relation of all holes of the tibial intramedullary nail can be quickly detected, the tibial intramedullary nail can be conveniently used on site, the detection efficiency is high, and the tibial intramedullary nail detection device is suitable for detecting the intramedullary nail with a relatively complex structure.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a tibia intramedullary nail distal hole aiming gauge and a using method thereof, wherein the aiming gauge can detect holes on the front side and the side of the distal end of an intramedullary nail through the arrangement of a distal front aiming component and a distal side aiming component, has a pressurizing function and can be used for detecting intramedullary nail products with more complex structures, and a positioning component of the aiming gauge adopts a combined structure, can be independently replaced and has lower maintenance cost; simultaneously the sighting gauge is convenient to use, high in detection efficiency and wide in application range.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
on one hand, the invention provides a tibia intramedullary nail distal hole aiming gauge which comprises a bottom plate, a positioning component, a distal front aiming component and a distal side aiming component, wherein the positioning component, the distal front aiming component and the distal side aiming component are all fixed on the bottom plate;
the positioning assembly comprises a positioning seat and a locking rivet, a through hole is formed in the positioning seat, and the locking rivet penetrates through the through hole to lock and fix the near end of the intramedullary nail;
the far-end front aiming assembly comprises a far-end front aiming seat, a far-end front aiming seat cushion block and a far-end front aiming through rod, the far-end front aiming seat cushion block is positioned above the far-end front aiming seat, the far-end front aiming seat cushion block and the far-end front aiming seat cushion block are both provided with longitudinal through holes, the positions of the through holes are corresponding, the far-end front aiming through rod penetrates through the longitudinal through holes to apply pressure to the far end of the intramedullary nail and detect the position of a front hole, and the upper surface of the far-end front aiming seat cushion block is provided with step surfaces with different heights;
the distal end side is aimed the subassembly and is aimed through-rod including distal end side aiming seat and distal end side, the side that the seat was aimed at to the distal end side is equipped with and is the staggered transverse through hole of step, the distal end side is aimed through-rod and is passed the position in transverse through hole detection intramedullary nail distal end side hole.
The aiming gauge mainly aims at detecting a distal hole of a tibial intramedullary nail and mainly comprises four parts of structures, wherein a bottom plate is used as a base of the whole set of gauge and is fixed with another three components, a positioning component plays a role of positioning reference in the whole set of gauge and fixes an intramedullary nail product so as to determine the position of the distal aiming component, and the positioning component selects a combined structure, so that parts easy to wear can be replaced independently, and the maintenance cost is reduced;
the far-end front aiming component and the far-end side aiming component are correspondingly arranged aiming at a far-end front hole and a side hole of the intramedullary nail and can be used for detecting intramedullary nail products with more complex structures, wherein the arrangement of step surfaces with different heights on a cushion block of a far-end front aiming seat in the far-end front aiming component can be matched with the pressurizing planes of the intramedullary nails with different specifications so as to play a limiting role when the far-end front aiming through rod is adopted to pressurize the intramedullary nails with different specifications; the arrangement of the transverse through holes on the distal side aiming seat in the distal side aiming assembly is designed for intramedullary nail products with different specifications; the sighting gauge is exquisite in structural design, convenient to use, high in detection efficiency and wide in detection range.
The following technical solutions are preferred technical solutions of the present invention, but not limited to the technical solutions provided by the present invention, and technical objects and advantageous effects of the present invention can be better achieved and achieved by the following technical solutions.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the positioning assembly, the far-end front aiming assembly and the far-end side aiming assembly determine the positions through positioning pins and are fixed on the bottom plate through screws, and the positioning pins and the screws are arranged in groups.
Preferably, the distal front aiming block cushion block is fixed above the distal front aiming block through a positioning pin and a screw.
In the invention, the positioning assembly, the far-end front aiming assembly and the far-end side aiming assembly are positioned and fixed on the bottom plate, so that the positioning pin and the screw are usually used together, and for the assembly needing to be provided with a plurality of positioning pins and screws, only the screw can be arranged at the middle position, and the positioning pin can be arranged only at the edge position;
the far-end front aiming seat and the far-end front aiming seat cushion block in the far-end front aiming assembly are fixed, the positioning and fixing mode can be adopted, and based on the arrangement of the longitudinal through hole, the positioning pin and the screw are arranged at two ends.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the positioning assembly comprises a stop block and a positioning seat bushing, the positioning seat bushing is arranged in a through hole of the positioning seat and tightly attached to the inner wall of the through hole, a part of the locking blind rivet penetrates through the positioning seat bushing, and the stop block is positioned at one end, penetrating through the locking blind rivet, of the outer side of the through hole on the positioning seat and clamps the positioning seat bushing.
Preferably, the stopper is fixed on the positioning seat.
Preferably, the positioning assembly further comprises a positioning seat insert block, wherein the positioning seat insert block is positioned at one end, penetrating out of the locking blind nail, of the outer side of the through hole in the positioning seat, and is used for clamping a groove on the proximal end of the intramedullary nail.
Preferably, after the proximal end of the intramedullary nail is locked, the proximal end surface of the intramedullary nail is flush with the end surface of the positioning seat.
Preferably, the positioning seat insert sleeve and the positioning seat insert block are independently made of wear-resistant materials, comprise die steel, for example, SKD11 can be selected, and can also be called as Cr12MoV, belong to high-carbon high-chromium steel, and have high wear resistance and toughness.
In the positioning assembly, the positioning seat is a main body, the positioning seat bushing plays a role in guiding the locking rivet according to the arrangement position of the positioning seat bushing, and the locking rivet is in more contact with the positioning seat bushing, so that the positioning seat bushing is made of wear-resistant materials to prevent the locking rivet from being worn too fast due to repeated rotation, the positioning seat bushing is prevented from falling out in the use process by arranging the stop block, and the stop block can be fixed by adopting a conventional screw;
the arrangement of the positioning seat insert blocks plays a role in positioning the intramedullary nail so as to prevent the intramedullary nail from rotating axially and moving up and down and back, and the wear-resistant material is also selected so as to reduce the wear to the intramedullary nail in the taking and placing process.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, a plurality of longitudinal through holes in the distal front aiming assembly are arranged and correspond to front hole positions of intramedullary nails with different specifications.
Preferably, the far-end front aiming seat cushion blocks are provided with step surfaces of different heights corresponding to different longitudinal through holes.
In the invention, the heights of the far ends of the intramedullary nails with different specifications are different after the intramedullary nails are fixed on the checking fixture, so that the corresponding intramedullary nail characteristics, such as a far-end hole and a pressurizing plane, are also different; the far-end front aiming seat cushion block is characterized in that stepped surfaces with different heights on the upper surface of the far-end front aiming seat cushion block are matched with pressurizing planes of intramedullary nails with different specifications, and can pressurize the intramedullary nails with different specifications to play a limiting role, wherein one function of the far-end front aiming through rod is to pressurize the intramedullary nail so that the intramedullary nail is converted from a free state to a use state, and the second function is to detect whether the position of a far-end front hole of a product is qualified.
Preferably, the far-end front aiming assembly further comprises a far-end front aiming bush, the far-end front aiming bush is arranged in the longitudinal through hole and is tightly attached to the inner wall of the longitudinal through hole, and the far-end front aiming through rod penetrates through the far-end front aiming bush.
Preferably, the distal front aiming insert is a wear resistant material, including die steel, such as SKD11, selected to prevent excessive wear caused by the through rod sliding back and forth.
As a preferable technical scheme, the distal front aiming through rod at least comprises two sections with different diameters, the section with the smallest diameter penetrates into the front hole of the intramedullary nail, and the step plane between the section with the smallest diameter and the previous section is abutted against the pressurizing plane on the surface of the intramedullary nail.
Preferably, the partial surface of the far-end front aiming through rod is provided with threads which are matched with threaded holes arranged in the far-end front aiming seat cushion block.
In the invention, whether the position of the distal hole of the intramedullary nail is qualified is judged by whether the section with the smallest diameter of the front aiming through rod at the distal end can be smoothly inserted into the hole, and the step plane between the section and the previous section can prop against the pressurizing plane on the surface of the intramedullary nail so as to apply downward pressure on the intramedullary nail; and the threaded structure on the through rod can be screwed with the threaded hole in the distal end front aiming seat cushion block, so that the intramedullary nail can be kept in a use state without rebounding after being pressurized, continuous manual pressing is not needed, and the use is convenient.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, a plurality of transverse through holes in the distal side aiming assembly are arranged and correspond to side hole positions of intramedullary nails with different specifications.
Preferably, the distal end lateral aiming assembly further comprises a distal end lateral aiming bush, the distal end lateral aiming bush is arranged in the transverse through hole and is tightly attached to the inner wall of the transverse through hole, and the distal end lateral aiming through rod passes through the distal end lateral aiming bush.
Preferably, the distal lateral aiming insert is made of a wear-resistant material, including die steel, such as SKD11, which is also selected to prevent the through rod from sliding back and forth and causing excessive wear.
In the invention, the structure of the far-end side aiming through rod is similar to that of the far-end front aiming through rod, and is also a multi-section structure, and whether the position of the hole is proper or not is judged according to whether the section with the smallest diameter can be inserted into the side hole or not.
In another aspect, the invention provides a use method of the aiming checking fixture, and the use method comprises the following steps:
(1) Mounting the intramedullary nail to be detected on the positioning seat, and screwing in the locking pull nail to lock the intramedullary nail;
(2) According to the position of the far end of the intramedullary nail at the moment, the far end front aiming through rod penetrates through the longitudinal through hole to pressurize the far end of the intramedullary nail to a use state, and whether the position of a far end front hole of the intramedullary nail is qualified is detected;
(3) And then the distal side aiming through rod passes through the transverse through hole to detect whether the position of the distal side hole of the intramedullary nail is qualified.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the process of installing the intramedullary nail to the positioning seat in step (1) includes: and correspondingly clamping the groove at the proximal end of the intramedullary nail on the positioning seat insert, and then screwing the locking pull nail into the through hole to lock the intramedullary nail.
Preferably, the intramedullary nail is installed in front of the positioning seat, and the positioning seat insert sleeve, the stop block and the positioning seat insert block are fixed on the positioning seat.
In the invention, when the intramedullary nail is installed, the positioning seat insert sleeve and the stop block are fixed on the positioning seat together with the positioning seat insert block in advance, and the assembly is not required to be repeatedly installed and fixed every time the intramedullary nail is installed.
Preferably, after the intramedullary nail is locked in the step (1), the proximal end surface of the intramedullary nail is flush with the end surface of the positioning seat, and the distal end of the intramedullary nail is located below the distal end front aiming assembly and on the side of the distal end side aiming assembly.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the position of the longitudinal through hole into which the distal front aiming through rod is inserted in the step (2) is selected according to the specification of the intramedullary nail to be detected.
Preferably, whether the position of the distal front hole of the intramedullary nail is qualified or not is judged according to whether the section with the smallest diameter in the distal front aiming through rod can be inserted into the front hole of the intramedullary nail or not.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, the position of the transverse through hole into which the distal side aiming through rod is inserted in the step (3) is selected according to the specification of the intramedullary nail to be detected.
Preferably, the sizes of the lateral holes on the intramedullary nail to be detected comprise at least two sizes, and the holes with different sizes need different types of distal lateral aiming through rods for detection.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) The aiming gauge can detect the holes on the front surface and the side surface of the far end of the intramedullary nail through the arrangement of the far end front surface and the side surface aiming assembly, has a pressurizing function, can be used for detecting intramedullary nail products with more complex structures, and has the detection accuracy rate of more than 99.9 percent;
(2) The positioning assembly of the aiming checking fixture adopts a combined structure, so that the parts which are easy to wear can be independently replaced, and the maintenance cost is low;
(3) The aiming checking fixture disclosed by the invention is exquisite in structural design, convenient to use, high in detection efficiency and wider in detection range.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic front structural view of a tibial intramedullary nail distal hole aiming gauge provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic top view structural diagram of a tibial intramedullary nail distal hole aiming gauge provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 3 is an exploded view of a tibial intramedullary nail distal hole aiming fixture provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
wherein, 1-locking draw pin, 2-stop, 3-positioning seat, 4-positioning seat bushing, 5-positioning seat insert, 6-bottom plate, 7-positioning pin, 8-screw, 9-far end front aiming seat, 10-far end side aiming seat, 11-far end front aiming bushing, 12-far end side aiming bushing, 13-far end front aiming seat cushion block, 14-far end front aiming through rod, 15-far end side aiming through rod and 16-intramedullary nail.
Detailed Description
In order to better illustrate the present invention and facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below. However, the following examples are only simple examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims.
The following are typical but non-limiting examples of the invention:
example 1:
the embodiment provides a tibia intramedullary nail distal hole aiming gauge, the front structural schematic diagram of which is shown in fig. 1, the top structural schematic diagram of which is shown in fig. 2, and the exploded view of which is shown in fig. 3, and which comprises a bottom plate 6, a positioning assembly, a distal front aiming assembly and a distal side aiming assembly, wherein the positioning assembly, the distal front aiming assembly and the distal side aiming assembly are all fixed on the bottom plate 6, the positioning assembly fixes the proximal end of an intramedullary nail 16, the distal front aiming assembly and the distal side aiming assembly are arranged in parallel, the distal front aiming assembly is positioned above the distal end of the intramedullary nail 16 and corresponds to a hole position on the distal front of the intramedullary nail 16, and the distal side aiming assembly is positioned on the side surface of the distal end of the intramedullary nail 16 and corresponds to a hole position on the distal side surface of the intramedullary nail 16;
the positioning assembly comprises a positioning seat 3 and a locking blind rivet 1, a through hole is formed in the positioning seat 3, and the locking blind rivet 1 penetrates through the through hole to lock and fix the near end of the intramedullary nail 16;
the far-end front aiming assembly comprises a far-end front aiming base 9, a far-end front aiming base cushion block 13 and a far-end front aiming through rod 14, wherein the far-end front aiming base cushion block 13 is positioned above the far-end front aiming base 9, both the far-end front aiming base cushion block and the far-end front aiming base cushion block are provided with longitudinal through holes, the positions of the through holes are corresponding to each other, the far-end front aiming through rod 14 penetrates through the longitudinal through holes to apply pressure to the far end of the intramedullary nail 16 and detect the position of a front hole, and the upper surface of the far-end front aiming base cushion block 13 is provided with step surfaces with different heights;
the far-end side aiming assembly comprises a far-end side aiming base 10 and a far-end side aiming through rod 15, a step-staggered transverse through hole is formed in the side face of the far-end side aiming base 10, and the far-end side aiming through rod 15 penetrates through the transverse through hole to detect the position of a far-end side hole of an intramedullary nail 16.
The positioning assembly, the far-end front aiming assembly and the far-end side aiming assembly are positioned through a positioning pin 7 and fixed on the bottom plate 6 through a screw 8, and the positioning pin 7 and the screw 8 are arranged in groups.
The far-end front aiming block cushion block 13 is fixed above the far-end front aiming block 9 through a positioning pin 7 and a screw 8.
The positioning assembly comprises a stop block 2 and a positioning seat bushing 4, the positioning seat bushing 4 is arranged in a through hole of the positioning seat 3 and tightly attached to the inner wall of the through hole, a part of the locking blind rivet 1 penetrates through the positioning seat bushing 4, and the stop block 2 is positioned at one end, penetrated by the locking blind rivet 1, of the positioning seat 3, which is positioned outside the through hole, so that the positioning seat bushing 4 is clamped; the stop block 2 is fixed on the positioning seat 3.
The positioning assembly further comprises a positioning seat insert 5, wherein the positioning seat insert 5 is positioned at one end, penetrating out of the locking blind nail 1, of the outer side of the through hole in the positioning seat 3 and clamps a groove on the proximal end of the intramedullary nail 16.
After the proximal end of the intramedullary nail 16 is locked, the proximal end surface of the intramedullary nail 16 is flush with the end surface of the positioning seat 3.
The positioning seat insert sleeve 4 and the positioning seat insert block 5 are both made of SKD11.
A plurality of longitudinal through holes in the distal front aiming assembly are arranged and correspond to front hole positions of intramedullary nails 16 with different specifications; the far-end front aiming seat cushion block 13 is provided with step surfaces with different heights corresponding to different longitudinal through holes.
The far-end front aiming assembly further comprises a far-end front aiming embedding sleeve 11, the far-end front aiming embedding sleeve 11 is arranged in the longitudinal through hole and closely attached to the inner wall of the longitudinal through hole, and the far-end front aiming through rod 14 penetrates through the far-end front aiming embedding sleeve 11.
The material of the far-end front aiming inlay sleeve 11 is SKD11.
The distal frontal aiming through-rod 14 comprises three sections of successively increasing diameters, the section with the smallest diameter penetrates into the frontal hole of the intramedullary nail 16, and the step plane between the section with the smallest diameter and the previous section abuts against the pressing plane on the surface of the intramedullary nail 16.
The partial surface of the far-end front aiming through rod 14 is provided with threads which are matched with threaded holes arranged in the far-end front aiming base cushion block 13.
The lateral through holes in the distal side targeting assembly are provided in a plurality corresponding to the lateral hole locations of intramedullary nails 16 of different specifications.
The distal end side aims the subassembly and still includes distal end side and aims inlay cover 12, distal end side aim inlay cover 12 set up in the horizontal through-hole, paste the inner wall of horizontal through-hole, distal end side is aimed through-rod 15 and is aimed in inlaying cover 12 from the distal end side and pass.
The material of the distal end side aiming inlay sleeve 12 is SKD11.
Example 2:
the embodiment provides a tibia intramedullary nail distal hole aiming gauge which comprises a bottom plate 6, a positioning component, a distal front aiming component and a distal side aiming component, wherein the positioning component, the distal front aiming component and the distal side aiming component are all fixed on the bottom plate 6, the positioning component fixes the proximal end of an intramedullary nail 16, the distal front aiming component and the distal side aiming component are arranged in parallel, the distal front aiming component is positioned above the distal end of the intramedullary nail 16 and corresponds to a hole position on the distal front of the intramedullary nail 16, and the distal side aiming component is positioned on the side surface of the distal end of the intramedullary nail 16 and corresponds to a hole position on the distal side surface of the intramedullary nail 16;
the positioning assembly comprises a positioning seat 3 and a locking blind rivet 1, a through hole is formed in the positioning seat 3, and the locking blind rivet 1 penetrates through the through hole to lock and fix the near end of the intramedullary nail 16;
the far-end front aiming assembly comprises a far-end front aiming seat 9, a far-end front aiming seat cushion block 13 and a far-end front aiming through rod 14, wherein the far-end front aiming seat cushion block 13 is positioned above the far-end front aiming seat 9, both the far-end front aiming seat cushion block and the far-end front aiming seat cushion block are provided with longitudinal through holes, the positions of the through holes correspond to each other, the far-end front aiming through rod 14 penetrates through the longitudinal through holes to apply pressure to the far end of the intramedullary nail 16 and detect the position of a front hole, and step surfaces with different heights are arranged on the upper surface of the far-end front aiming seat cushion block 13;
the far-end side aiming assembly comprises a far-end side aiming base 10 and a far-end side aiming through rod 15, a step-staggered transverse through hole is formed in the side face of the far-end side aiming base 10, and the far-end side aiming through rod 15 penetrates through the transverse through hole to detect the position of a far-end side hole of an intramedullary nail 16.
The positioning assembly, the far-end front aiming assembly and the far-end side aiming assembly are positioned through a positioning pin 7 and fixed on the bottom plate 6 through a screw 8, and the positioning pin 7 and the screw 8 are arranged in groups.
The far-end front aiming block cushion block 13 is fixed above the far-end front aiming block 9 through a positioning pin 7 and a screw 8.
The positioning assembly comprises a stop block 2 and a positioning seat bushing 4, the positioning seat bushing 4 is arranged in a through hole of the positioning seat 3 and tightly attached to the inner wall of the through hole, a part of the locking blind rivet 1 penetrates through the positioning seat bushing 4, and the stop block 2 is positioned at one end, penetrated by the locking blind rivet 1, of the positioning seat 3, which is positioned outside the through hole, so that the positioning seat bushing 4 is clamped; the stop block 2 is fixed on the positioning seat 3.
The positioning assembly further comprises a positioning seat insert 5, wherein the positioning seat insert 5 is positioned at one end, penetrating out of the locking blind nail 1, of the outer side of the through hole in the positioning seat 3 and clamps a groove on the proximal end of the intramedullary nail 16.
The positioning seat insert sleeve 4 and the positioning seat insert block 5 are both made of SKD11.
A plurality of longitudinal through holes in the distal front aiming assembly are arranged and correspond to front hole positions of intramedullary nails 16 with different specifications; the far-end front aiming seat cushion block 13 is provided with different height step surfaces corresponding to different longitudinal through holes.
The far-end front aiming base 9 and the far-end front aiming base cushion block 13 are both made of 45# steel.
The distal frontal aiming through-rod 14 comprises four segments of successively increasing diameter, the segment with the smallest diameter penetrates the frontal hole of the intramedullary nail 16, and the step plane between the segment with the smallest diameter and the previous segment abuts against the pressing plane on the surface of the intramedullary nail 16.
The partial surface of the far-end front aiming through rod 14 is provided with threads which are matched with threaded holes arranged in the far-end front aiming base cushion block 13.
The lateral through holes in the distal side targeting assembly are provided in a plurality corresponding to the lateral hole locations of intramedullary nails 16 of different specifications.
The material of the far-end side aiming base 10 is 45# steel.
Example 3:
the embodiment provides a use method of a tibial intramedullary nail distal hole aiming gauge, which is the gauge in embodiment 1, and the use method comprises the following steps:
(1) Correspondingly clamping a groove at the proximal end of an intramedullary nail 16 to be detected on a positioning seat insert 5, then screwing a locking pull nail 1 into a through hole to lock the intramedullary nail 16, wherein the intramedullary nail 16 is installed in front of a positioning seat 3, a positioning seat insert sleeve 4, a stop block 2 and the positioning seat insert 5 are fixed on the positioning seat 3, after the intramedullary nail 16 is locked, the proximal end surface of the intramedullary nail 16 is flush with the end surface of the positioning seat 3, and the distal end of the intramedullary nail 16 is positioned below a distal end front aiming assembly and is positioned on the side of a distal end side aiming assembly;
(2) According to the position of the far end of the intramedullary nail 16, the far-end front aiming through rod 14 penetrates through the longitudinal through hole to pressurize the far end of the intramedullary nail 16 to a use state, the position of the longitudinal through hole into which the far-end front aiming through rod 14 is inserted is selected according to the specification of the intramedullary nail 16 to be detected, and whether the position of the far-end front hole of the intramedullary nail 16 is qualified is judged according to whether the section with the minimum diameter in the far-end front aiming through rod 16 can be inserted into the front hole of the intramedullary nail 16;
(3) And then, the distal end side aiming through rod 15 penetrates through the transverse through hole, the position of the transverse through hole into which the distal end side aiming through rod 15 is inserted is selected according to the specification of the intramedullary nail 16 to be detected, and whether the position of the distal end side hole of the intramedullary nail 16 is qualified or not is detected, wherein the sizes of the lateral side hole on the intramedullary nail 16 to be detected comprise two sizes, the sizes are respectively 4.7mm and 4mm, and the distal end side aiming through rod 15 with the two sizes is correspondingly adopted for detection.
In the embodiment, the aiming checking fixture is adopted to detect the distal hole of the tibial intramedullary nail, the structural design of the aiming checking fixture can accurately detect whether the position of the distal hole is qualified or not, and the detection accuracy reaches 99.9%.
Example 4:
the embodiment provides a use method of a tibial intramedullary nail distal hole aiming gauge, which is the gauge in embodiment 2, and the use method comprises the following steps:
(1) Correspondingly clamping a groove at the proximal end of an intramedullary nail 16 to be detected on a positioning seat insert 5, then screwing a locking pull nail 1 into a through hole to lock the intramedullary nail 16, wherein the intramedullary nail 16 is installed in front of a positioning seat 3, a positioning seat insert sleeve 4, a stop block 2 and the positioning seat insert 5 are fixed on the positioning seat 3, after the intramedullary nail 16 is locked, the proximal end surface of the intramedullary nail 16 is flush with the end surface of the positioning seat 3, and the distal end of the intramedullary nail 16 is positioned below a distal end front aiming assembly and is positioned on the side of a distal end side aiming assembly;
(2) According to the position of the far end of the intramedullary nail 16, the far end front aiming through rod 14 penetrates through the longitudinal through hole to pressurize the far end of the intramedullary nail 16 to a use state, the position of the longitudinal through hole into which the far end front aiming through rod 14 is inserted is selected according to the specification of the intramedullary nail 16 to be detected, and whether the position of the far end front hole of the intramedullary nail 16 is qualified is judged according to whether the section with the smallest diameter in the far end front aiming through rod 16 can be inserted into the front hole of the intramedullary nail 16;
(3) And then, the distal end side aiming through rod 15 penetrates through the transverse through hole, the position of the transverse through hole into which the distal end side aiming through rod 15 is inserted is selected according to the specification of the intramedullary nail 16 to be detected, and whether the position of the distal end side hole of the intramedullary nail 16 is qualified or not is detected, wherein only one type of distal end side hole is provided on the intramedullary nail 16 to be detected, and one type of distal end side aiming through rod 15 is correspondingly adopted for detection.
In the embodiment, the aiming checking fixture is adopted to detect the distal hole of the tibial intramedullary nail, the structural design of the aiming checking fixture can accurately detect whether the position of the distal hole is qualified or not, and the detection accuracy reaches 99.9%.
Comparative example 1:
the present comparative example provides a tibial intramedullary nail distal hole aiming fixture, the structure of which refers to the structure in example 1, the difference is only that: the structure of the positioning component does not comprise a stop block 2, a positioning seat insert sleeve 4 and a positioning seat insert 5.
In the comparative example, the structure of the positioning assembly is single, the proximal end of the intramedullary nail is fixed only by the positioning seat and the locking blind rivet, the repeated rotation of the locking blind rivet is easy to cause abrasion to the through hole of the positioning seat, the positioning seat needs to be integrally replaced when a part is replaced, and the cost is high; moreover, because the proximal end of the intramedullary nail has a unique structure, the locking blind nail is difficult to stabilize when being singly fixed, and the locking blind nail is easy to rotate or move, so that the subsequent detection result is inaccurate.
Comparative example 2:
the present comparative example provides a tibial intramedullary nail distal hole aiming fixture, the structure of which refers to the structure in example 1, the difference is only that: the upper surface of the far-end front aiming base cushion block 13 is a flat surface and is not provided with a step surface; the transverse through holes on the side surface of the far-end side aiming base 10 are positioned on the same horizontal line and are not arranged in a staggered mode.
In the comparison example, the positions of the through holes in the far-end front aiming assembly and the far-end side aiming assembly are designed according to the structural characteristics of tibial intramedullary nail products with different specifications, so that the positions of pressurizing planes of intramedullary nail products with different specifications are different, and the through holes are arranged at the same height, so that the positions of distal holes of intramedullary nails with different specifications are difficult to accurately detect.
By combining the embodiment and the comparative example, the aiming gauge can detect the holes on the front side and the side surface of the far end of the intramedullary nail through the arrangement of the far end front and side aiming assemblies, has a pressurizing function, and can be used for detecting intramedullary nail products with more complex structures; the positioning assembly of the aiming checking fixture adopts a combined structure, so that the parts easy to wear can be replaced independently, and the maintenance cost is low; the sighting gauge is exquisite in structural design, convenient to use, high in detection efficiency and wide in detection range.
The applicant states that the present invention is illustrated by the detailed apparatus and method of the present invention through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above detailed apparatus and method, i.e. it is not meant that the present invention must be implemented by relying on the above detailed apparatus and method. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that any modifications to the present invention, equivalents of the devices of the present invention and additions of auxiliary structures, selection of specific modes, etc., are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (22)
1. A tibia intramedullary nail distal end hole aiming gauge is characterized by comprising a bottom plate, a positioning component, a distal end front aiming component and a distal end side aiming component, wherein the positioning component, the distal end front aiming component and the distal end side aiming component are all fixed on the bottom plate;
the positioning assembly comprises a positioning seat and a locking rivet, wherein a through hole is formed in the positioning seat, and the locking rivet penetrates through the through hole to lock and fix the near end of the intramedullary nail; the positioning assembly comprises a stop block and a positioning seat bushing, the positioning seat bushing is arranged in the through hole of the positioning seat and tightly attached to the inner wall of the through hole, one part of the locking blind rivet penetrates through the positioning seat bushing, and the stop block is positioned at one end, penetrated by the locking blind rivet, of the outer side of the through hole in the positioning seat to clamp the positioning seat bushing;
the far-end front aiming assembly comprises a far-end front aiming seat, a far-end front aiming seat cushion block and a far-end front aiming through rod, the far-end front aiming seat cushion block is positioned above the far-end front aiming seat, both the far-end front aiming seat cushion block and the far-end front aiming seat cushion block are provided with longitudinal through holes, the positions of the through holes correspond to each other, the far-end front aiming through rod penetrates through the longitudinal through holes to apply pressure to the far end of the intramedullary nail and detect the position of a front hole, and the upper surface of the far-end front aiming seat cushion block is provided with step surfaces with different heights; the step surfaces with different heights on the far-end front aiming seat cushion block correspond to different longitudinal through holes; the far-end front aiming through rod at least comprises two sections with different diameters, the section with the smallest diameter penetrates through a front hole of the intramedullary nail, and a step plane between the section with the smallest diameter and the previous section is propped against a pressurizing plane on the surface of the intramedullary nail;
the distal end side is aimed the subassembly and is aimed through-rod including distal end side aiming seat and distal end side, the side that the seat was aimed at to the distal end side is equipped with and is the staggered transverse through hole of step, the distal end side is aimed through-rod and is passed the position in transverse through hole detection intramedullary nail distal end side hole.
2. The aiming fixture of claim 1, wherein the positioning assembly, the distal frontal aiming assembly and the distal lateral aiming assembly are positioned by positioning pins and fixed to the base plate by screws, and the positioning pins and the screws are arranged in groups.
3. The aiming fixture of claim 2, wherein the distal frontal aiming block spacer is secured above the distal frontal aiming block by a dowel pin and a screw.
4. The aiming fixture of claim 1, wherein the stop is fixed to the positioning socket.
5. The aiming fixture of claim 1, wherein the positioning assembly further comprises a positioning seat insert located at an end of the positioning seat outside the through hole through which the locking pull nail penetrates, and the positioning seat insert is locked in a groove on the proximal end of the intramedullary nail.
6. The aiming fixture of claim 1, wherein after the proximal end of the intramedullary nail is locked, the proximal end surface of the intramedullary nail is flush with the end surface of the positioning seat.
7. The aiming fixture of claim 5, wherein the locating seat insert and the locating seat insert are independently wear resistant materials, including die steel.
8. The aiming fixture of claim 1, wherein the longitudinal through-holes in the distal frontal aiming assembly are provided in a plurality corresponding to frontal hole locations of intramedullary nails of different specifications.
9. The aiming fixture of claim 1, wherein the distal frontal aiming assembly further comprises a distal frontal aiming bushing disposed within the longitudinal through-hole and abutting against an inner wall of the longitudinal through-hole, the distal frontal aiming through-rod passing through the distal frontal aiming bushing.
10. The aiming fixture of claim 9, wherein the distal frontal aiming insert is a wear resistant material comprising die steel.
11. The aiming fixture of claim 1, wherein a portion of the surface of the distal frontal aiming through-rod is threaded to mate with a threaded bore provided in the distal frontal aiming block spacer.
12. The aiming fixture of claim 1, wherein the transverse through-hole in the distal lateral aiming assembly is provided in a plurality corresponding to lateral hole locations of intramedullary nails of different specifications.
13. The aiming fixture of claim 1, wherein the distal lateral aiming assembly further comprises a distal lateral aiming bushing disposed within the transverse through-hole proximate an inner wall of the transverse through-hole, the distal lateral aiming through-rod passing within the distal lateral aiming bushing.
14. The aiming fixture of claim 13, wherein the distal lateral aiming insert is a wear resistant material comprising die steel.
15. The method of using the sight gauge of any of claims 1-14, wherein the method of using comprises the steps of:
(1) Mounting the intramedullary nail to be detected on the positioning seat, and screwing in the locking pull nail to lock the intramedullary nail;
(2) According to the position of the far end of the intramedullary nail at the moment, the far end front aiming through rod penetrates through the longitudinal through hole to pressurize the far end of the intramedullary nail to a use state, and whether the position of a far end front hole of the intramedullary nail is qualified is detected;
(3) And then the distal side aiming through rod passes through the transverse through hole to detect whether the position of the distal side hole of the intramedullary nail is qualified.
16. The use of claim 15, wherein the step (1) of mounting the intramedullary nail to the positioning socket comprises: and correspondingly clamping the groove at the proximal end of the intramedullary nail on the positioning seat insert, and then screwing the locking pull nail into the through hole to lock the intramedullary nail.
17. The method of use of claim 16, wherein the intramedullary nail is mounted to the positioning socket with the positioning socket insert, the stop and the positioning socket insert secured to the positioning socket.
18. The use of the intramedullary nail of claim 15, wherein after the locking of the intramedullary nail in step (1), the proximal surface of the intramedullary nail is flush with the end surface of the positioning socket, and the distal end of the intramedullary nail is located below the distal frontal aiming assembly and laterally to the distal lateral aiming assembly.
19. The use of the method according to claim 15, wherein the position of the longitudinal through hole into which the distal frontal aiming through-rod is inserted in step (2) is selected according to the specifications of the intramedullary nail to be detected.
20. The use of the method according to claim 15, wherein the position of the distal frontal hole of the intramedullary nail is determined based on whether the section of the distal frontal aiming through-rod with the smallest diameter can be inserted into the frontal hole of the intramedullary nail.
21. The use of the method according to claim 15, wherein the position of the transverse through hole into which the distal lateral aiming through-rod is inserted in step (3) is selected according to the specifications of the intramedullary nail to be detected.
22. Use according to claim 15, wherein the sizes of the lateral holes on the intramedullary nail to be detected include at least two, and different sizes of holes require different kinds of distal lateral aiming through rods for detection.
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| CN202110720583.5A CN113262031B (en) | 2021-06-28 | 2021-06-28 | Tibial intramedullary nail distal hole aiming gauge and use method thereof |
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| CN212205880U (en) * | 2020-07-04 | 2020-12-22 | 常州大章医疗器械有限公司 | Proximal femoral intramedullary nail checking fixture |
| CN112244977B (en) * | 2020-10-22 | 2022-03-15 | 刘磊 | Auxiliary device for aiming of intramedullary ultrasonic locking nail for orthopedics department |
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| JP2005016185A (en) * | 2003-06-27 | 2005-01-20 | Nitto Seiko Co Ltd | Strut fixing device in automatic penetration testing machine |
| TW200626871A (en) * | 2005-01-17 | 2006-08-01 | Asia Optical Co Inc | Gauge for testing the groove of a barrel body |
| KR100636740B1 (en) * | 2005-09-20 | 2006-10-20 | 김점석 | Putting line corrector |
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