CN113258252A - Antenna structure and communication device - Google Patents
Antenna structure and communication device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113258252A CN113258252A CN202110545325.8A CN202110545325A CN113258252A CN 113258252 A CN113258252 A CN 113258252A CN 202110545325 A CN202110545325 A CN 202110545325A CN 113258252 A CN113258252 A CN 113258252A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/12—Supports; Mounting means
- H01Q1/22—Supports; Mounting means by structural association with other equipment or articles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/273—Adaptation for carrying or wearing by persons or animals
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/48—Earthing means; Earth screens; Counterpoises
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q15/00—Devices for reflection, refraction, diffraction or polarisation of waves radiated from an antenna, e.g. quasi-optical devices
- H01Q15/24—Polarising devices; Polarisation filters
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/0006—Particular feeding systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
- H01Q21/30—Combinations of separate antenna units operating in different wavebands and connected to a common feeder system
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Abstract
The application provides an antenna structure and a communication device. In the antenna structure, a distance is reserved between the first antenna branch and the closed metal ring, the first antenna branch and the closed metal ring are provided with an overlapping area along the opening direction to form capacitive coupling, a distance is reserved between the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring, the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring are provided with an overlapping area along the opening direction to form capacitive coupling; the shape and size of the first antenna branch determines in part the first resonant frequency and the shape and size of the second antenna branch determines in part the second resonant frequency; the connecting line of the orthographic projection of the first feed point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is a first connecting line, the connecting line of the orthographic projection of the second grounding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is a second connecting line, and the directions of the first connecting line and the second connecting line are set to influence the right-hand circular polarization isolation gain and the left-hand circular polarization isolation gain of the antenna structure. The antenna structure realizes dual-frequency circular polarization and is suitable for small-sized equipment.
Description
Technical Field
The application belongs to the technical field of antennas, and particularly relates to an antenna structure and communication equipment.
Background
Positioning antennas, such as GPS antennas, are often required in wearable electronic products such as smartwatches. The GPS antenna should have two frequency bands of L1(1575.42MHz) and L5(1176.45 MHz). The difference between these two frequency bands is large and the GPS antenna needs to be placed in a small device space. While the GPS signals are circularly polarised, this requires the antenna to be able to respond differently to left hand and right hand circularly polarised signals. The smart watch has a small device space, which is also difficult to implement.
Disclosure of Invention
The present application is directed to providing an antenna structure and a communication device for overcoming the disadvantages of the prior art.
In order to solve the technical problem, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application: an antenna structure comprising: the sealing metal ring, the first insulating bracket and the second insulating bracket;
a first antenna branch is arranged on the first insulating support, a second antenna branch is arranged on the second insulating support, the first antenna branch is provided with a first feeding point, and the second antenna branch is provided with a second grounding point;
the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are both positioned on the same side in the opening direction of the closed metal ring;
the first antenna branch and the closed metal ring are spaced apart from each other and have an overlapping area along the opening direction to form capacitive coupling, and the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring are spaced apart from each other and have an overlapping area along the opening direction to form capacitive coupling;
the shape and size of the first antenna branch determines in part a first resonant frequency and the shape and size of the second antenna branch determines in part a second resonant frequency;
a line connecting the orthographic projection of the first feed point on a reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is a first line, a line connecting the orthographic projection of the second grounding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is a second line, and the directions of the first line and the second line are set to influence the right-hand circular polarization isolation gain and the left-hand circular polarization isolation gain of the antenna structure, wherein the reference plane is a plane passing through the center of the closed metal ring and perpendicular to the opening direction.
In order to solve the technical problem, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application: an antenna structure comprising: a closed metal ring, a first insulating support, and a second insulating support;
a first antenna branch is arranged on the first insulating support, a second antenna branch is arranged on the second insulating support, the first antenna branch is provided with a first feeding point, and the second antenna branch is provided with a second grounding point;
the closed metal loop surrounds the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch;
a space is reserved between the first antenna branch and the closed metal ring to form capacitive coupling, and a space is reserved between the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring to form capacitive coupling;
the shape and size of the first antenna branch determines in part a first resonant frequency and the shape and size of the second antenna branch determines in part a second resonant frequency;
a line connecting the orthographic projection of the first feed point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is a first line, a line connecting the orthographic projection of the second grounding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is a second line, and the directions of the first line and the second line are set to influence the right-hand circular polarization isolation gain and the left-hand circular polarization isolation gain of the antenna structure, wherein the reference plane is a plane passing through the center of the closed metal ring and perpendicular to the opening direction of the closed metal ring.
In order to solve the technical problem, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application: a communication device comprises the antenna structure.
In order to solve the technical problem, the following technical scheme is adopted in the application: a communication device comprises the antenna structure, and the first antenna branch further has a first grounding point, wherein the first grounding point can be controlled to be grounded through a capacitor, grounded through an inductor, or floating.
Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of this application is: in the two types of antenna structure that this application provided, the shape and the size of first antenna branch and the distance with closed metal ring are great to the influence of first resonance frequency channel, and the shape and the size of second antenna branch and the distance with closed metal ring are great to the influence of second resonance frequency channel, and closed metal ring can play the effect of reinforcing radiation, and two resonance frequency channels can independent design to can realize two resonance frequency channels that the frequency interval is great. The designer can obtain the expected circular polarization effect by changing the position debugging of the first insulating support and the second insulating support along the circumferential direction of the closed metal ring. Further, even if the first insulating support and the second insulating support cannot be moved in the circumferential direction of the closed metal ring due to the constraint condition of the structural design of the communication device, the designer can move the positions of the first feeding point and the second grounding point in the circumferential direction of the closed metal ring, thereby obtaining the expected circular polarization effect by debugging. The antenna structure is simple and compact in structure, small in occupied space and capable of being applied to small communication equipment with the same volume of the intelligent watch.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a front view of an antenna structure and a communication device incorporating the same with parts removed according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 2 is a front view of the communication device of fig. 1 with parts removed.
Fig. 3 is a rear view of the communication device of fig. 1 with parts removed.
Fig. 4 is a rear view of the communication device of fig. 3 with parts removed.
Fig. 5 is a side view of the communication device of fig. 1 with parts removed.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of several distributions of a first feeding point and a second grounding point in the communication device of fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is return loss data for a GPS antenna in the communication device of fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is efficiency data for a GPS antenna in the communication device of fig. 1.
Fig. 9 is return loss data of the bluetooth antenna in the communication device shown in fig. 1.
Fig. 10 is efficiency data for a bluetooth antenna in the communication device of fig. 1.
FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram comparing left hand circular polarization and right hand circular polarization of a GPS antenna in the communication device of FIG. 1.
Fig. 12 is an axial ratio schematic diagram of a GPS antenna in the communication device of fig. 1.
Fig. 13 is a front view of an antenna structure and its participating constituent communication devices according to an embodiment of the present application.
Fig. 14 is a side view of the communication device shown in fig. 13.
Fig. 15 is an orthographic view of the antenna structure of fig. 13 in a reference plane.
Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram illustrating a connection mode of the first ground point.
Wherein, R, closed metal ring; D. a display screen; h1, a first insulating support; h2, a second insulating support; a1, first antenna branch; a2, a second antenna branch; C. a rear housing; f1, first feeding point; g1, a first ground point; f2, second feed point; a3, third antenna branch; g3, third feed point; g2, a second ground point; p, a circuit board; B. a battery; o, closing the center of the metal ring; c1, capacitance; l1, inductance; k1, switch.
Detailed Description
In this application, it will be understood that terms such as "including" or "having," or the like, are intended to indicate the presence of the disclosed features, integers, steps, acts, components, parts, or combinations thereof, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, acts, components, parts, or combinations thereof.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
The application is further described with reference to examples of embodiments shown in the drawings.
An embodiment of the present application provides an antenna structure, including: the sealing metal ring, the first insulating bracket and the second insulating bracket;
a first antenna branch is arranged on the first insulating support, a second antenna branch is arranged on the second insulating support, the first antenna branch is provided with a first feeding point, and the second antenna branch is provided with a second grounding point;
the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are both positioned on the same side in the opening direction of the closed metal ring;
a space is reserved between the first antenna branch and the closed metal ring, the first antenna branch and the closed metal ring are provided with an overlapping area along the opening direction to form capacitive coupling, a space is reserved between the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring, the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring are provided with an overlapping area along the opening direction to form capacitive coupling;
the shape and size of the first antenna branch determines in part a first resonant frequency and the shape and size of the second antenna branch determines in part a second resonant frequency;
the connecting line of the orthographic projection of the first feeding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is a first connecting line, the connecting line of the orthographic projection of the second grounding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is a second connecting line, and the directions of the first connecting line and the second connecting line are set to influence the right-hand circular polarization isolation gain and the left-hand circular polarization isolation gain of the antenna structure, wherein the reference plane is a plane which passes through the center of the closed metal ring and is perpendicular to the opening direction.
The closed metal ring has a certain thickness, the closed metal ring forms two openings, and the opening direction of the closed metal ring can be defined as the extending direction of a straight line connecting the centers of the two openings. The first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are both located on the same side of the closed metal ring in the opening direction, that is, the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are both located on the side of one opening of the closed metal ring, which faces away from the other opening.
The shape and size of the first antenna branch and the interval with the closed metal ring have large influence on the first resonant frequency band, the shape and size of the second antenna branch and the interval with the closed metal ring have large influence on the second resonant frequency band, the closed metal ring can play a role in enhancing radiation, and the two resonant frequency bands can be independently designed, so that two resonant frequency bands with large frequency intervals can be realized. In addition, the size and shape of the closed metal loop also has an effect on the two resonant frequency bands. The debugging means for the two resonance frequency bands is more flexible.
Further, the designer can obtain the expected circular polarization effect by changing the position debugging of the first insulating support and the second insulating support along the circumferential direction of the closed metal ring. Even if the first insulating support and the second insulating support cannot be moved in the circumferential direction of the closed metal ring due to the constraint condition of the structural design of the communication device, a designer can move the positions of the first feeding point and the second grounding point in the circumferential direction of the closed metal ring, so that a desired circular polarization effect can be obtained through debugging.
The antenna structure is simple and compact in structure, small in occupied space and capable of being applied to small communication equipment with the same volume of the intelligent watch.
Optionally, the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are both located on the same side of the closed metal ring in the opening direction, specifically: the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are both located at the bottom side of the closed metal ring.
That is, in an application state, if the closed metal ring is horizontally placed, the opening direction of the closed metal ring is the up-down direction, that is, one opening faces upward, the other opening faces downward, and both the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are located below the closed metal ring.
The following description is made with an antenna structure applied to a smart watch, and with the smart watch in a horizontally placed posture with the front side facing upward.
In fig. 1-5, a portion of the mechanical structure of the smart watch is removed to illustrate structural features relevant to the present application. For example, in fig. 1, the display D in the center on the front of the smart watch, the closed metal ring R surrounding the display D is shown as viewed from the front of the smart watch. If the smart watch is horizontally placed right side up, the first insulating support H1 and the second insulating support H2 are located below the closed metal ring R. For another example, in fig. 3, the back case C (which may be made of metal or insulating material) of the back surface of the smart watch is shown when viewed from the back surface of the smart watch. Some of the housing around the rear housing C in fig. 3 is removed, thereby exposing the first insulating support H1 and the second insulating support H2, and portions of the traces on the back sides of the two.
The upper surface of the closed metal ring can be a plane or a curved surface. For example, the inner circumferential surface of the closed metal ring may define a columnar inner space, a truncated cone-shaped inner space, or a stepped inner space. Of course, the closed metal ring may also be irregular in shape. If the closed metal ring is arranged on the outer surface of the shell of the communication device or covered by a transparent material to be visible to a user, the effect of beautifying the appearance of the communication device can be achieved.
Referring to fig. 5, the first and second insulating supports H1 and H2 have a certain thickness and do not contact the closed metal ring R, so that capacitive coupling is formed between the first antenna branch a1 disposed on the first insulating support H1 and the second antenna branch a2 disposed on the second insulating support H2 and the closed metal ring R. The first antenna branch a1 and the second antenna branch a2 are formed on the corresponding insulating supports, for example, by a process of 3D printing. Of course, if the shape of the insulating supports is regular and flat, the traces of the antenna branches can also be formed by deposition, etching, and the like.
In the embodiment shown in fig. 5, the closed metal ring R is provided on the outer surface of the case of the smart watch, so that the smart watch has an aesthetic appearance. The first insulating support H1 and the second insulating support H2 are disposed inside the case of the smart watch. The upper surfaces of both the first insulating support H1 and the second insulating support H2 are close to the closed metal ring R, but spaced apart from the closed metal ring R.
In fig. 5, the first grounding point G1 and the first feeding point F1 of the first antenna branch a1 are electrically connected with the circuit board P below. In the current perspective of fig. 5, the connection of the second ground point G2 of the second antenna branch a2 to the circuit board P is not visible. Also shown in fig. 5 is the connection of a third antenna branch a3 (described below) to the circuit board P. Also shown in fig. 5 is battery B inside the smart watch.
Referring to fig. 2, a partial trace of the first antenna branch a1 is formed on the upper surface of the first insulating frame H1. Referring next to fig. 4 and 5, the trace of the first antenna branch a1 on the upper surface of the first insulating support H1 extends along the side of the first insulating support H1 to the lower surface of the first insulating support H1, and the first antenna branch a1 is provided with a first feeding point F1 and an optional first grounding point G1 on the lower surface of the first insulating support H1.
Referring to fig. 2, a portion of the trace of the second antenna branch a2 is formed on the upper surface of the second insulating support H2. Referring next to fig. 4, the trace of the second antenna branch a2 on the upper surface of the second insulating support H2 extends along the side (not shown) of the second insulating support H2 to the lower surface of the second insulating support H2, and the second antenna branch a2 is provided with a second ground point G2 on the lower surface of the second insulating support H2.
In the above embodiment, the surface area of the insulating support can be maximally utilized, and the radiation performance of the antenna is enhanced.
In some possible variations, the upper surface of the first insulating support may also be in contact with the lower surface of the closed metal loop, and the first antenna trace is entirely disposed on the lower surface of the first insulating support. The upper surface of the second insulating support can also be in contact with the lower surface of the closed metal ring, and the second antenna trace is entirely arranged on the lower surface of the second insulating support.
During the research and development process, the inventor of the present application finds that, if both the first feeding point and the second grounding point are moved along the circumferential direction of the closed metal loop, the left-hand circular polarization isolation gain and the right-hand circular polarization isolation gain of the antenna structure are significantly affected. The inventors estimate that this is due to the different effects of the non-positional first feeding point and second grounding point on the electric field formed by the coupling of the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch through the closed metal loop due to the different magnitudes and angles of the horizontal and vertical vectors.
The inventor finds that, by arranging the first feeding point F1 and the second grounding point a2 in different quadrants according to the layout shown in fig. 6, and then moving the first feeding point F1 and the second grounding point a2 along the circumferential direction of the closed metal ring, the expected right-hand circular polarization isolation gain and left-hand circular polarization isolation gain can be obtained.
This is because the smart watch has a compact structure, and its internal components also affect the performance of the antenna structure. Even if the antenna structure is isolated and tested separately, its circular polarization characteristics are sensitive to the positions of the first feeding point and the second grounding point along the circumferential direction of the closed metal loop.
Fig. 6 can also be understood as a view orthographically projecting the dial, the first feeding point F1, the first grounding point G1, and the second grounding point G2 to the reference plane, which is equivalent. The center of the dial corresponds to the center O of the closed metal ring.
The inventors have found that the circular polarization characteristic of the antenna structure is insensitive to the position of the first ground point G1.
Referring to FIG. 6, the first line (O-F1) is at an angle greater than 90 degrees to the second line (O-G2). This results in a relatively large difference between the left-hand and right-hand circular polarization isolation gains of the antenna structure.
In the above embodiments, the first antenna branch, the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring form a GPS antenna (which may be other types of circularly polarized dual band antennas). The smart watch often needs to be provided with a bluetooth antenna to realize bluetooth communication between the smart watch and the mobile phone (or other types of antennas as long as coupling with a GPS antenna is not required). And if the Bluetooth antenna is arranged on the second antenna bracket, the structural complexity of the antenna structure can be simplified.
That is, in some embodiments, with reference to fig. 4 and 5, a third antenna branch A3 is further disposed on the second insulating support H2, the third antenna branch A3 has a third grounding point G3 and a second feeding point F2, there is no coupling between the third antenna branch A3 and the second antenna branch a2, and the distance between the third antenna branch A3 and the closed metal loop R is greater than the distance between the second antenna branch a2 and the closed metal loop R, so that there is no coupling between the third antenna branch A3 and the closed metal loop R.
The third antenna branch should be at a sufficient distance from the second antenna branch and from the closed metal loop so that the third antenna branch acts as a separate antenna. By moving the position of the third antenna branch, a reasonable position of the third antenna branch with negligible influence on the dual-band circularly polarized antenna formed by the closed metal ring, the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch can be found. In view of this, the third antenna branch is optionally formed entirely on the surface of the second insulating support facing away from the closed metal loop.
The shape and size of the third antenna branch is independently designed, which in turn is for example a 5G NR antenna (5G new air interface antenna).
Tests on the antenna structure of one embodiment of the present application show that the GPS antenna of the antenna structure exhibits good dual-band circular polarization characteristics, and the performance of the bluetooth antenna is also expected. Specifically, the smart watch with the antenna structure is worn on a wrist to be simulated for testing, so that a real application scene is simulated.
Fig. 7 shows the return loss of the GPS antenna in this antenna configuration. The resonance around 1.545GHz is generated by the coupling of the first antenna branch and the closed metal loop. The resonance can be tuned by adjusting the shape, size, etc. of the first antenna branch. The resonance around 1.176GHz is generated by the coupling of the second antenna branch and the closed metal loop. The resonance may be adjusted by adjusting the shape, size, etc. of the second antenna branch.
In addition to this, the distance of both the first and second antenna branches from the closed metal loop also has an influence on both resonances. In this test example, the distances between the closed metal loop and both the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are 0.1 mm.
Fig. 8 shows the efficiency of the GPS antenna of this test example. The efficiency of the intelligent watch is-6.5 dB at 1.575GHz and-8.2 dB at 1.176GHz in a wrist strap state. This property is leading in the industry.
Fig. 9 shows the return loss of the bluetooth antenna of the test example. The return loss is generated by the third antenna branch. Fig. 10 shows the efficiency of the bluetooth antenna of the test example. It can be seen that the performance of the bluetooth antenna is also in accordance with industry standards.
The inventors further tested the circular polarization characteristics of the GPS antenna.
FIG. 11 shows a comparison of the left hand and right hand circular polarization isolation gains of the GPS antenna in the L1 band (1.575 GHz). The definition of Phi in FIG. 11 can be referred to in FIG. 5. Assuming that the smart watch is positioned face-up horizontally, the x-axis is horizontal, the y-axis is vertical, and the z-axis (not shown) is horizontal, then the Phi angle is the value of the angle in the plane of the x-axis and the y-axis. I.e., the plane in fig. 11 is the plane defined by the x-y axis in fig. 5.
It can be seen that at the 90 position, i.e. in the vertical upward direction, the L1 band of the GPS antenna is right hand circularly polarised and co-polarised with the signals of the GPS satellites. This makes the sensitivity of the GPS antenna very high.
As can be seen from the axial ratio data in fig. 12, the axial ratio of the GPS antenna to the 1.575GHz signal in the vertical direction is about 4dB, which is a good axial ratio data in the industry.
In the above embodiments, the lower surface of the closed metal loop is opposite to the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch, and the closed metal loop is relatively flat. In yet other variations, the antenna structure includes: a closed metal ring, a first insulating support, and a second insulating support;
a first antenna branch is arranged on the first insulating support, a second antenna branch is arranged on the second insulating support, the first antenna branch is provided with a first feeding point, and the second antenna branch is provided with a second grounding point;
a closed metal loop surrounds the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch;
a space is reserved between the first antenna branch and the closed metal ring to form capacitive coupling, and a space is reserved between the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring to form capacitive coupling;
the shape and size of the first antenna branch determines in part the first resonant frequency and the shape and size of the second antenna branch determines in part the second resonant frequency;
the connecting line of the orthographic projection of the first feeding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is a first connecting line, the connecting line of the orthographic projection of the second grounding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is a second connecting line, and the directions of the first connecting line and the second connecting line are set to influence the right-hand circular polarization isolation gain and the left-hand circular polarization isolation gain of the antenna structure, wherein the reference plane is a plane which passes through the center of the closed metal ring and is perpendicular to the opening direction of the closed metal ring.
Namely, the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are opposite to the inner peripheral surface of the closed metal ring. The working principle is similar to the previous embodiment.
Still taking the example of the antenna structure being disposed on a smart watch, the closed metal ring may be a closed metal ring disposed on a side of the smart watch.
Referring to fig. 13 and 14, the front surface of the smart watch is provided with a display screen D, and the side surface is provided with a closed metal ring R.
Referring to fig. 15, a first insulating support H1 and a second insulating support H2 are disposed inside the smart watch case, and are respectively opposite to the inner circumferential surface of the closed metal ring.
The first insulating support H1 may be a bent plate-like structure matching the shape of the inner peripheral surface of the closed metal ring R, an irregular structure, or a flat plate structure.
The operation principle of the antenna structure is similar to that of the previous embodiment, except that the spatial position relationship between the closed metal ring, the first insulating support and the second insulating support is changed.
For example, in some embodiments, the first line is angled more than 90 ° from the second line.
In some embodiments, the first antenna branch also has a first ground point.
In some embodiments, a third antenna branch is further disposed on the second insulating support, the third antenna branch has a third grounding point and a second feeding point, there is no coupling between the third antenna branch and the second antenna branch, and a distance between the third antenna branch and the closed metal loop is greater than a distance between the second antenna branch and the closed metal loop, so that there is no coupling between the third antenna branch and the closed metal loop.
In some embodiments, the third antenna branch constitutes a bluetooth antenna or a 5G NR antenna.
In some embodiments, the first antenna branch, the second antenna branch, and the closed metal loop comprise a GPS antenna.
It is easily understood that the dual-band circular polarization characteristic may be tuned by moving the first insulating support H1, the second insulating support H2 in the circumferential direction of the closed metal ring R, or by moving the positions of the first feeding point F1 and the second grounding point G2 in the circumferential direction of the closed metal ring R.
Embodiments of the present application further provide a communication device, including the foregoing antenna structure.
The communication device is, for example, a smart wearable device (e.g., a smart watch).
In some embodiments, the closed metal loop is formed on an outer surface of a housing of the communication device, and the first and second insulating supports are disposed inside the housing of the communication device.
In some embodiments, where the first antenna branch has a first grounding point, the first grounding point may be controlled to be grounded via a capacitor, or grounded via an inductor, or floating.
Referring to fig. 16, a capacitor, an inductor, and a null are provided on a circuit board of the smart watch, and a first ground point is connected to the capacitor C1, the inductor L1, and the null (nothing at this point) through switches K1, K2, and K3, respectively. Alternatively, a commercially available single-pole four-throw switch chip may be used, the 3 output terminals of which are connected to the capacitor C1, the inductor L1 and the null point, respectively, and the input terminal of which is connected to the first ground point G1. The form of the switching element is not limited in the present application.
When the antenna performance of the smart watch is debugged, the first grounding point G1 can be controlled to be communicated with the capacitor C1, so that the first grounding point G1 is grounded through the capacitor C1; the first grounding point G1 may also be controlled to communicate with the inductor L1, so that the first grounding point G1 is grounded via the inductor L1; the first grounding point G1 may also be controlled to communicate with a null so that the first grounding point G1 floats. This has the advantage of increasing the flexibility of tuning the antenna structure. Whether the first ground point G1 is grounded via the capacitor C1, grounded via the inductor L1, or floating, the performance of the antenna structure is affected.
The embodiments in the present application are described in a progressive manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments can be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments.
The protective scope of the present application is not limited to the above-described embodiments, and it is apparent that various modifications and variations can be made to the present application by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the present application. It is intended that the present application also include such modifications and variations as come within the scope of the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (19)
1. An antenna structure, comprising: the sealing metal ring, the first insulating bracket and the second insulating bracket;
a first antenna branch is arranged on the first insulating support, a second antenna branch is arranged on the second insulating support, the first antenna branch is provided with a first feeding point, and the second antenna branch is provided with a second grounding point;
the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are both positioned on the same side in the opening direction of the closed metal ring;
the first antenna branch and the closed metal ring are spaced apart from each other and have an overlapping area along the opening direction to form capacitive coupling, and the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring are spaced apart from each other and have an overlapping area along the opening direction to form capacitive coupling;
the shape and size of the first antenna branch determines in part a first resonant frequency and the shape and size of the second antenna branch determines in part a second resonant frequency;
a line connecting the orthographic projection of the first feed point on a reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is a first line, a line connecting the orthographic projection of the second grounding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is a second line, and the directions of the first line and the second line are set to influence the right-hand circular polarization isolation gain and the left-hand circular polarization isolation gain of the antenna structure, wherein the reference plane is a plane passing through the center of the closed metal ring and perpendicular to the opening direction.
2. An antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the angle between the first line and the second line is greater than 90 °.
3. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the first antenna branch further has a first ground point.
4. The antenna structure according to claim 1, wherein a third antenna branch is further disposed on the second insulating support, the third antenna branch having a third grounding point and a second feeding point, the third antenna branch being uncoupled from the second antenna branch, the third antenna branch being spaced apart from the closed metal loop by a distance greater than the second antenna branch, so that there is no coupling between the third antenna branch and the closed metal loop.
5. The antenna structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the third antenna branch is formed entirely on the surface of the second insulating support facing away from the closed metal loop.
6. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the first antenna branch extends from a surface of the first insulating support opposite to the closed metal loop along a surface of the first insulating support to a surface of the first insulating support facing away from the closed metal loop, the first feed point being located on the surface of the first insulating support facing away from the closed metal loop.
7. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the second antenna branch extends from the surface of the second dielectric support opposite to the closed metal loop along the surface of the second dielectric support to the surface of the second dielectric support facing away from the closed metal loop, the second grounding point being located on the surface of the second dielectric support facing away from the closed metal loop.
8. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the first antenna branch, the second antenna branch and the closed metal loop constitute a GPS antenna.
9. The antenna structure according to claim 4, characterized in that the third antenna branch constitutes a Bluetooth antenna or a 5G NR antenna.
10. The antenna structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are both located on the same side in the direction of the opening of the closed metal loop, in particular: the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch are both located at the bottom side of the closed metal ring.
11. An antenna structure, comprising: a closed metal ring, a first insulating support, and a second insulating support;
a first antenna branch is arranged on the first insulating support, a second antenna branch is arranged on the second insulating support, the first antenna branch is provided with a first feeding point, and the second antenna branch is provided with a second grounding point;
the closed metal loop surrounds the first antenna branch and the second antenna branch;
a space is reserved between the first antenna branch and the closed metal ring to form capacitive coupling, and a space is reserved between the second antenna branch and the closed metal ring to form capacitive coupling;
the shape and size of the first antenna branch determines in part a first resonant frequency and the shape and size of the second antenna branch determines in part a second resonant frequency;
a line connecting the orthographic projection of the first feed point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is a first line, a line connecting the orthographic projection of the second grounding point on the reference plane and the center of the closed metal ring is a second line, and the directions of the first line and the second line are set to influence the right-hand circular polarization isolation gain and the left-hand circular polarization isolation gain of the antenna structure, wherein the reference plane is a plane passing through the center of the closed metal ring and perpendicular to the opening direction of the closed metal ring.
12. An antenna structure according to claim 11, characterized in that the angle between the first line and the second line is greater than 90 °.
13. The antenna structure according to claim 11, characterized in that the first antenna branch further has a first ground point.
14. The antenna structure according to claim 11, wherein a third antenna branch is further disposed on the second insulating support, the third antenna branch having a third grounding point and a second feeding point, the third antenna branch being uncoupled from the second antenna branch, the third antenna branch being spaced apart from the closed metal loop by a distance greater than the second antenna branch, so that there is no coupling between the third antenna branch and the closed metal loop.
15. The antenna structure according to claim 14, characterized in that the third antenna branch constitutes a bluetooth antenna or a 5G NR antenna.
16. The antenna structure according to claim 11, characterized in that the first antenna branch, the second antenna branch and the closed metal loop constitute a GPS antenna.
17. A communication device, characterized in that it comprises an antenna structure according to any one of claims 1 to 16.
18. The communication device of claim 17, wherein the closed metal loop is formed on an outer surface of a housing of the communication device, and the first and second insulating supports are disposed inside the housing of the communication device.
19. A communication device comprising an antenna arrangement according to claim 3 or 13, wherein the first grounding point is controllable to be grounded via a capacitor, or grounded via an inductor, or floating.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110545325.8A CN113258252A (en) | 2021-05-19 | 2021-05-19 | Antenna structure and communication device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110545325.8A CN113258252A (en) | 2021-05-19 | 2021-05-19 | Antenna structure and communication device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN113258252A true CN113258252A (en) | 2021-08-13 |
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Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202110545325.8A Pending CN113258252A (en) | 2021-05-19 | 2021-05-19 | Antenna structure and communication device |
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| CN (1) | CN113258252A (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115084867A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-09-20 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Antenna switching method and terminal antenna |
| WO2024055857A1 (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2024-03-21 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna and electronic device |
-
2021
- 2021-05-19 CN CN202110545325.8A patent/CN113258252A/en active Pending
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN115084867A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-09-20 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Antenna switching method and terminal antenna |
| CN116053806A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2023-05-02 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Antenna switching method and terminal antenna |
| CN116053806B (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2023-11-28 | 荣耀终端有限公司 | Antenna switching method and terminal antenna |
| WO2024055857A1 (en) * | 2022-09-15 | 2024-03-21 | 华为技术有限公司 | Antenna and electronic device |
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