CN113257457A - Silver-aluminum paste for high-performance N-type solar cell front surface fine grid and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Silver-aluminum paste for high-performance N-type solar cell front surface fine grid and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113257457A CN113257457A CN202110516770.1A CN202110516770A CN113257457A CN 113257457 A CN113257457 A CN 113257457A CN 202110516770 A CN202110516770 A CN 202110516770A CN 113257457 A CN113257457 A CN 113257457A
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- -1 Silver-aluminum Chemical compound 0.000 title claims abstract description 65
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 72
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 58
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 42
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 36
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N bismuth(iii) oxide Chemical compound O=[Bi]O[Bi]=O WMWLMWRWZQELOS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002270 dispersing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000013008 thixotropic agent Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000004952 Polyamide Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- ZFOZVQLOBQUTQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tributyl citrate Chemical compound CCCCOC(=O)CC(O)(C(=O)OCCCC)CC(=O)OCCCC ZFOZVQLOBQUTQQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002647 polyamide Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920002545 silicone oil Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052681 coesite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052906 cristobalite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000377 silicon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon dioxide Inorganic materials O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052682 stishovite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052905 tridymite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- VXQBJTKSVGFQOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-butoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCCCOCCOCCOC(C)=O VXQBJTKSVGFQOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- FPZWZCWUIYYYBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOC(C)=O FPZWZCWUIYYYBU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- CRWNQZTZTZWPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-methyl-4-phenylpyridine Chemical compound C1=NC(C)=CC(C=2C=CC=CC=2)=C1 CRWNQZTZTZWPOF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004925 Acrylic resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920000178 Acrylic resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl phthalate Chemical compound COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(=O)OC NIQCNGHVCWTJSM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000001856 Ethyl cellulose Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl cellulose Chemical compound CCOCC1OC(OC)C(OCC)C(OCC)C1OC1C(O)C(O)C(OC)C(CO)O1 ZZSNKZQZMQGXPY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920001249 ethyl cellulose Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019325 ethyl cellulose Nutrition 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000003960 organic solvent Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000011347 resin Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 claims description 4
- UDSFAEKRVUSQDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dimethyl adipate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCCCC(=O)OC UDSFAEKRVUSQDD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009477 glass transition Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N (E)-8-Octadecenoic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCC(O)=O WRIDQFICGBMAFQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- IFPMZBBHBZQTOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1,3,5-trinitro-2-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)-4-[2,4,6-trinitro-3-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)phenyl]benzene Chemical compound [O-][N+](=O)C1=CC([N+](=O)[O-])=CC([N+]([O-])=O)=C1C1=C([N+]([O-])=O)C=C([N+]([O-])=O)C(C=2C(=C(C=3C(=CC(=CC=3[N+]([O-])=O)[N+]([O-])=O)[N+]([O-])=O)C(=CC=2[N+]([O-])=O)[N+]([O-])=O)[N+]([O-])=O)=C1[N+]([O-])=O IFPMZBBHBZQTOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- RRQYJINTUHWNHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 1-ethoxy-2-(2-ethoxyethoxy)ethane Chemical compound CCOCCOCCOCC RRQYJINTUHWNHW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 20:1omega9c fatty acid Natural products CCCCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O LQJBNNIYVWPHFW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 9-Heptadecensaeure Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O QSBYPNXLFMSGKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004677 Nylon Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000005642 Oleic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- PRXRUNOAOLTIEF-ADSICKODSA-N Sorbitan trioleate Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC)[C@H]1OC[C@H](O)[C@H]1OC(=O)CCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC PRXRUNOAOLTIEF-ADSICKODSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000000484 butyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004359 castor oil Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 235000019438 castor oil Nutrition 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002301 cellulose acetate Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- PSXWNITXWWECNY-LPVGZGSHSA-N dTDP-4-dehydro-beta-L-rhamnose Chemical compound O[C@@H]1[C@H](O)C(=O)[C@H](C)O[C@@H]1OP(O)(=O)OP(O)(=O)OC[C@@H]1[C@@H](O)C[C@H](N2C(NC(=O)C(C)=C2)=O)O1 PSXWNITXWWECNY-LPVGZGSHSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229940019778 diethylene glycol diethyl ether Drugs 0.000 claims description 2
- XTDYIOOONNVFMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethyl pentanedioate Chemical compound COC(=O)CCCC(=O)OC XTDYIOOONNVFMA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000002148 esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N glycerol triricinoleate Natural products CCCCCC[C@@H](O)CC=CCCCCCCCC(=O)OC[C@@H](COC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@@H](O)CCCCCC)OC(=O)CCCCCCCC=CC[C@H](O)CCCCCC ZEMPKEQAKRGZGQ-XOQCFJPHSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N isooleic acid Natural products CCCCCCCC=CCCCCCCCCC(O)=O QXJSBBXBKPUZAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 150000004702 methyl esters Chemical class 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920001778 nylon Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N oleic acid Chemical compound CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCC(O)=O ZQPPMHVWECSIRJ-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229920002037 poly(vinyl butyral) polymer Polymers 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 229910000676 Si alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 5
- CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumanylidynesilicon Chemical compound [Al].[Si] CSDREXVUYHZDNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 229910021419 crystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 17
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 7
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 5
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007650 screen-printing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000002425 crystallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008025 crystallization Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001465 metallisation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910000789 Aluminium-silicon alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N [O].[Si] Chemical compound [O].[Si] OBNDGIHQAIXEAO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001298 alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005189 flocculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000016615 flocculation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004298 light response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910021421 monocrystalline silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 231100000956 nontoxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003981 vehicle Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/20—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material
- H01B1/22—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive organic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C03—GLASS; MINERAL OR SLAG WOOL
- C03C—CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF GLASSES, GLAZES OR VITREOUS ENAMELS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF GLASS; SURFACE TREATMENT OF FIBRES OR FILAMENTS MADE FROM GLASS, MINERALS OR SLAGS; JOINING GLASS TO GLASS OR OTHER MATERIALS
- C03C3/00—Glass compositions
- C03C3/04—Glass compositions containing silica
- C03C3/062—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight
- C03C3/064—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron
- C03C3/066—Glass compositions containing silica with less than 40% silica by weight containing boron containing zinc
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B1/00—Conductors or conductive bodies characterised by the conductive materials; Selection of materials as conductors
- H01B1/14—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material
- H01B1/16—Conductive material dispersed in non-conductive inorganic material the conductive material comprising metals or alloys
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01B—CABLES; CONDUCTORS; INSULATORS; SELECTION OF MATERIALS FOR THEIR CONDUCTIVE, INSULATING OR DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES
- H01B13/00—Apparatus or processes specially adapted for manufacturing conductors or cables
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01L—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES NOT COVERED BY CLASS H10
- H01L31/00—Semiconductor devices sensitive to infrared radiation, light, electromagnetic radiation of shorter wavelength or corpuscular radiation and specially adapted either for the conversion of the energy of such radiation into electrical energy or for the control of electrical energy by such radiation; Processes or apparatus specially adapted for the manufacture or treatment thereof or of parts thereof; Details thereof
- H01L31/02—Details
- H01L31/0224—Electrodes
- H01L31/022408—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier
- H01L31/022425—Electrodes for devices characterised by at least one potential jump barrier or surface barrier for solar cells
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Abstract
The application relates to the field of N-type solar cells, and particularly discloses a high-performance silver-aluminum paste for a fine grid on the front surface of the N-type solar cell and a preparation method of the silver-aluminum paste. The silver-aluminum paste for the high-performance N-type solar cell front fine grid comprises the following raw materials: conductive silver powder, an organic carrier, glass powder and aluminum powder; the oxygen content of the aluminum powder is 0.5-1%; the preparation method comprises the following steps: and mixing and stirring the conductive silver powder, the glass powder, the aluminum powder and the organic carrier uniformly, and grinding to obtain the silver-aluminum paste. The silver-aluminum paste for the front fine grid of the high-performance N-type solar cell adopts the aluminum powder with high oxygen content and proper particle size, and can inhibit the formation of excessive aluminum-silicon alloy, so that the open voltage is improved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell is improved after the solar cell is prepared from the silver-aluminum paste.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the field of N-type solar cells, in particular to silver-aluminum paste for a high-performance N-type solar cell front surface fine grid and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Crystalline silicon solar cells have been applied to various fields on a large scale as a core part of a solar power generation system, wherein P-type crystalline silicon cells occupy 90% of the crystalline silicon cell market. However, the constant pursuit of increased efficiency and reduced cost is a constant theme of the photovoltaic industry.
Compared with the conventional P-type crystalline silicon, the N-type crystalline silicon has the advantages of long minority carrier lifetime, small light-induced attenuation and the like, has larger efficiency improvement space, and meanwhile, the N-type single crystal component has the advantages of good weak light response, low temperature coefficient and the like. Therefore, the N-type single crystal system has the dual advantages of high power generation amount and high reliability. With the introduction of new cell technologies and processes, the efficiency advantage of the N-type monocrystalline silicon cell becomes more and more obvious.
The most important metallization process for the current commercial silicon-based solar cells is screen printing, which is also the lowest cost metallization. However, if the currently commercialized P-type silver paste is directly applied to an N-type crystalline silicon cell, the contact resistance is too large, which greatly reduces the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell and needs to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problem that when P-type silver paste is used on an N-type crystalline silicon cell, the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the cell is reduced, the application provides the silver-aluminum paste for the front fine grid of the high-performance N-type solar cell and the preparation method thereof.
In a first aspect, the application provides a silver-aluminum paste for a fine grid on the front surface of a high-performance N-type solar cell, which adopts the following technical scheme:
the silver-aluminum paste for the front fine grid of the high-performance N-type solar cell comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 80-90wt% of conductive silver powder, 5-10 wt% of organic carrier, 4-6wt% of glass powder and 1-4wt% of aluminum powder; the oxygen content of the aluminum powder is 0.5-1%.
By adopting the technical scheme, the conductive silver powder is used as a conductive medium, the silver-aluminum paste added with the aluminum powder is used for the N-type crystalline silicon battery, P-type doping similar to boron can be formed on P-type silicon, so that the open voltage is improved, the thickness of the positive P-type silicon of the N-type crystalline silicon battery is thinner, the melting point of the aluminum powder is lower, aluminum-silicon alloy can be formed with the P-type silicon, the N-type crystalline silicon battery is damaged, the open voltage of the N-type crystalline silicon battery is reduced, excessive aluminum-silicon alloy can be inhibited by adopting the aluminum powder with high oxygen content and proper particle size, so that the open voltage is improved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar battery is improved after the solar battery is prepared by adopting the silver-aluminum paste.
The glass powder is melted during high-temperature sintering, good ohmic contact is formed between the conductive silver powder and the N-type crystalline silicon battery, the conductivity of the silver-aluminum paste is improved, and the strength of the silver-aluminum paste after film forming can be improved.
Preferably, the aluminum powder is spherical aluminum powder, the particle size is 1-10 μm, and the D50 is 2.5-4 μm.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the too little melting that can take place prematurely of aluminium powder particle diameter, too much formation aluminium-silicon alloy to destroy the battery piece, reduce and open the pressure, and the particle diameter is too big can influence the printing effect of silver-aluminium thick liquid on N type crystal silicon battery, and the aluminium powder of adopting above-mentioned particle diameter can effectively promote and open the pressure, and is less to the influence of the printing effect of silver-aluminium thick liquid on N type crystal silicon battery.
Preferably, the silver powder is spherical silver powder, the particle diameter is 0.5-5 μm, and the D50 is 1.5-2 μm.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, globular silver powder has better stacking density, has reduced the production in the inside hole of silver-aluminum thick liquid after mixing, and then has reduced the influence to silver-aluminum thick liquid conductivity for when adopting above-mentioned silver-aluminum thick liquid to be used for the screen printing technology, can make meticulous circuit have good electric conductivity again when having smooth edge.
Preferably, the glass frit comprises 0-80wt% Bi2O3、0-25wt%B2O3、0-10wt%SiO2、1-10wt％ZnO。
By adopting the technical scheme, Bi is adopted2O3Replacing PbO as the main body of the glass powder, Bi2O3Has similar properties to PbO, but Bi2O3Has no toxicity, and can meet the requirement of environmental protection while realizing various properties of the glass powder.
B2O3The softening point of the prepared glass powder can be reduced, the chemical property of the glass powder is stable, a better bonding effect can be exerted in the sintering process, the sintered and solidified electrode can be bonded on the N-type crystalline silicon battery more stably, and the stability and durability of the electrode are ensured.
SiO2Molecular junction with silicon-oxygen tetrahedron entering glass powderConstruct a network, can reduce B2O3The influence of the layered structure on the structural stability of the glass powder strengthens the network structure of the glass powder and improves the stability of the glass powder.
After ZnO is added, can be mixed with B2O3The glass powder is matched to form a synergistic effect, a certain fluxing effect is achieved, the thermal expansion coefficient of the glass powder is reduced, and the adhesive force of the sintered silver-aluminum paste is effectively improved.
By adjusting Bi2O3、B2O3、SiO2And ZnO, the silver-aluminum paste prepared by the glass powder has good sintering performance and conductivity.
Preferably, the glass frit further comprises 1 to 5 wt% of an oxide of a group I element and 1 to 5 wt% of an oxide of a group II element.
By adopting the technical scheme, the oxide of the I main group element and the oxide of the II main group element are mutually contained to generate mixed alkali effect, so that the crystallization tendency of the glass powder can be reduced, and the chemical stability and the mechanical strength of the glass powder can be improved.
Preferably, the preparation method of the glass powder comprises the following steps: separately weighing Bi2O3、B2O3、SiO2ZnO, oxide of the I main group element and oxide of the II main group element are mixed and stirred uniformly, the mixture is heated to 1200-1300 ℃ for 1-1.5h, and is smelted into uniform glass liquid, the glass liquid is pressed into glass sheets, then the glass sheets are ball-milled and crushed at the rotating speed of 300-350r/min for 5-6h, the ball-milled glass powder is sieved by a 200-mesh screen, and the sieved glass powder is dried at the temperature of 80-85 ℃ for 10-11h, so that the glass powder is prepared.
Preferably, the glass transition temperature of the glass powder is 300-350 ℃, the particle size distribution of the glass powder is 0.5-10 μm, and the D50 is 1.5-2 μm.
By adopting the technical scheme, the glass powder with different particle sizes is mixed and then distributed in a staggered manner, so that the pores in the silver-aluminum paste are filled, the compactness of the prepared silver-aluminum paste is improved, and the mechanical strength of the prepared silver-aluminum paste is further improved.
Preferably, the organic carrier comprises the following components in a mass ratio of (150-) -200: (1-2): the organic binder, the surface dispersant and the thixotropic agent of (1-2); the organic adhesive comprises organic resin and organic solvent, wherein the organic resin is selected from one or more of ethyl cellulose, butyl cellulose acetate, acrylic resin and polyvinyl butyral, and the organic solvent is selected from one or more of alcohol ester dodeca, butyl carbitol acetate, diethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, nylon acid methyl ester, adipic acid dimethyl ester, glutaric acid dimethyl ester, phthalic acid dimethyl ester and citric acid tributyl ester; the surface dispersant is one or more selected from oleic acid, span 85, TDO and silicone oil; the thixotropic agent is selected from one or more of hydrogenated castor oil and polyamide wax.
By adopting the technical scheme, the conductive silver powder particles can be wrapped by the organic adhesive, so that the conductive silver powder particles are more uniformly dispersed, the conductive silver powder is not easy to precipitate and oxidize, the conductivity of the silver-aluminum paste is indirectly improved, the adhesion of the silver-aluminum paste can be improved, and the adhesive force between the silver-aluminum paste and the N-type crystalline silicon battery is further improved.
The addition of the surface dispersing agent can uniformly disperse all raw material components of the silver-aluminum paste, and reduce the sedimentation and flocculation of particles, so that the prepared silver-aluminum paste has more stable conductivity.
The thixotropic agent is added, so that the silver-aluminum paste has good thixotropy, the quality of screen printing is improved, and the electrode grid line with a proper height-width ratio can be prepared subsequently.
In a second aspect, the application provides a preparation method of a silver-aluminum paste for a fine grid on the front surface of a high-performance N-type solar cell, which adopts the following technical scheme:
a preparation method of silver-aluminum paste for a fine grid on the front surface of a high-performance N-type solar cell comprises the following steps: and mixing and stirring the conductive silver powder, the glass powder, the aluminum powder and the organic carrier uniformly, and grinding until the fineness is below 6 mu m to obtain the silver-aluminum paste.
In summary, the present application has the following beneficial effects:
1. because the aluminum powder with high oxygen content is added into the silver-aluminum paste, and the aluminum powder with high oxygen content and proper particle size can inhibit excessive aluminum-silicon alloy from forming, the open voltage is improved, and the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell is improved after the solar cell is prepared from the silver-aluminum paste.
2. In the application, the oxide of the element in the first main group and the oxide of the element in the second main group are preferably added into the glass powder, and the oxide of the element in the first main group and the oxide of the element in the second main group generate mixed alkali effect, so that the crystallization tendency of the glass powder can be reduced, and the chemical stability and the mechanical strength of the glass powder can be improved.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Alcohol esters were purchased from Beijing Oriental sub-science and technology, Inc.; diethylene glycol dibutyl ether was purchased from Shanghai Pont chemical industries, Inc.; butyl carbitol acetate was purchased from golden mosaic, inc; diethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate was purchased from Shanghai Phytochemistry Co., Ltd.; ethyl cellulose was purchased from Baishi chemical Co., ltd, Tianjin; acrylic resins are available from new future chemical company, ltd, changzhou.
The raw materials used in the following embodiments may be those conventionally commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Preparation examples of glass frit and organic binder
Preparation example 1
Preparing glass powder: separately weighing 65 parts of Bi2O320 parts of B2O35 parts of SiO2Putting glass powder raw materials into a crucible, mixing and stirring uniformly, putting the crucible into a high-temperature melting furnace, heating to 1200 ℃ for 1h, melting into uniform glass liquid, pressing the glass liquid into glass sheets by a tablet press, then putting the glass sheets into a ball mill for crushing for 5h at the rotating speed of 300r/min, then passing the ball-milled glass powder through a 200-mesh screen, drying the sieved glass powder in a 80 ℃ drying box for 10h, and preparing the glass powder。
Wherein LiO is an oxide of a group I element, and BaO is an oxide of a group II element. The glass transition temperature of the glass powder is 350 ℃, the particle size distribution is 0.5-10 mu m, and the D50 is 1.5-2 mu m.
Preparation example 2
Preparation of organic binder: 20 parts of alcohol ester twelve, 5 parts of diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, 30 parts of butyl carbitol acetate, 25 parts of diethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, 5 parts of dimethyl adipate, 5 parts of tributyl citrate, 5 parts of ethyl cellulose and 5 parts of acrylic resin are mixed and stirred for 1 hour at the temperature of 60 ℃, and the mixture is sieved by a 200-mesh sieve to prepare the organic adhesive.
Examples
Example 1
The application discloses silver-aluminum paste for a high-performance N-type solar cell front fine grid, which comprises the following raw materials: conductive silver powder, organic carrier, glass powder and aluminum powder.
Wherein, the conductive silver powder is spherical silver powder, the grain diameter is 0.5-5 μm, D50 is 1.5 μm, and D50 is the corresponding grain diameter when the cumulative grain size distribution percentage of a sample reaches 50%. Its physical meaning is that the particle size is greater than 50% of its particles and less than 50% of its particles.
The aluminum powder is spherical aluminum powder, the oxygen content is 0.5%, the particle size is 1-5 mu m, the D50 is 2.5 mu m, and the organic carrier comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1: 1, the organic adhesive is prepared from preparation 2, the surface dispersant is silicone oil, the thixotropic agent is polyamide wax, and the glass powder is prepared from preparation example 1, wherein the content of each component is shown in table 1 below.
The preparation method of the silver-aluminum paste for the fine grid on the front surface of the high-performance N-type solar cell comprises the following steps:
and uniformly stirring and mixing the conductive silver powder and the organic carrier, uniformly stirring and mixing the conductive silver powder, the glass powder, the aluminum powder and the organic carrier, and grinding until the fineness is below 6 mu m to obtain the silver-aluminum paste with uniform color.
Example 2
The application discloses silver-aluminum paste for a high-performance N-type solar cell front fine grid, which comprises the following raw materials: conductive silver powder, organic carrier, glass powder and aluminum powder.
Wherein the conductive silver powder is spherical silver powder with the particle size of 0.5-5 μm, the D50 is 1.5 μm, the aluminum powder is spherical aluminum powder with the oxygen content of 1%, the particle size of 1-8 μm, the D50 is 3.5 μm, and the organic carrier comprises the following components in mass ratio of 25: 1: 1, the organic adhesive is prepared from preparation 2, the surface dispersant is silicone oil, the thixotropic agent is polyamide wax, and the glass powder is prepared from preparation example 1, wherein the content of each component is shown in table 1 below.
The preparation method of the silver-aluminum paste for the fine grid on the front surface of the high-performance N-type solar cell comprises the following steps: mixing and stirring the conductive silver powder, the glass powder, the aluminum powder and the organic carrier uniformly, and grinding until the fineness is below 6 mu m to prepare the silver-aluminum paste with uniform color.
Example 3
The application discloses silver-aluminum paste for a high-performance N-type solar cell front fine grid, which comprises the following raw materials: conductive silver powder, organic carrier, glass powder and aluminum powder.
Wherein the conductive silver powder is spherical silver powder with the particle size of 0.5-5 μm, the D50 is 1.5 μm, the aluminum powder is spherical aluminum powder, the oxygen content is 0.5%, the particle size is 1-10 μm, the D50 is 4 μm, and the organic carrier comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1: 1, the organic adhesive is prepared from preparation 2, the surface dispersant is silicone oil, the thixotropic agent is polyamide wax, and the glass powder is prepared from preparation example 1, wherein the content of each component is shown in table 1 below.
The preparation method of the silver-aluminum paste for the fine grid on the front surface of the high-performance N-type solar cell comprises the following steps: mixing and stirring the conductive silver powder, the glass powder, the aluminum powder and the organic carrier uniformly, and grinding until the fineness is below 6 mu m to prepare the silver-aluminum paste with uniform color.
Example 4
The application discloses silver-aluminum paste for a high-performance N-type solar cell front fine grid, which comprises the following raw materials: conductive silver powder, organic carrier, glass powder and aluminum powder.
Wherein the conductive silver powder is spherical silver powder with the particle size of 0.5-5 μm, the D50 is 2 μm, the aluminum powder is spherical aluminum powder, the oxygen content is 0.5%, the particle size is 1-10 μm, the D50 is 4 μm, and the organic carrier comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 1: 1, the organic adhesive is prepared from preparation 2, the surface dispersant is silicone oil, the thixotropic agent is polyamide wax, and the glass powder is prepared from preparation example 1, wherein the content of each component is shown in table 1 below.
The preparation method of the silver-aluminum paste for the fine grid on the front surface of the high-performance N-type solar cell comprises the following steps: mixing and stirring the conductive silver powder, the glass powder, the aluminum powder and the organic carrier uniformly, and grinding until the fineness is below 6 mu m to prepare the silver-aluminum paste with uniform color.
Comparative example
Comparative example 1
The difference from example 3 is that commercial silver aluminum paste was used as a blank control.
Comparative example 2
The difference from example 3 is that the oxygen content of the aluminum powder is 0.2%, and the contents of the respective components are shown in table 1 below.
Comparative example 3
The difference from example 3 is that the oxygen content of the aluminum powder is 1.5%, and the contents of the respective components are shown in table 1 below.
TABLE 1 ingredient content table of silver-aluminum paste
| Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 | Example 4 | Comparative example 2 | Comparative example 3 | |
| Conductive silver powder | 80 | 90 | 84 | 84 | 84 | 84 |
| Organic vehicle | 10 | 5 | 9 | 9 | 9 | 9 |
| Glass powder | 6 | 4 | 6 | 6 | 6 | 6 |
| Aluminum powder | 4 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
Performance test
The silver-aluminum pastes prepared in the examples 1 to 4 and the comparative examples 1 to 3 are printed on N-type crystalline silicon cell substrates of 200mm multiplied by 290mm respectively through silk screen printing and sintered to prepare a positive surface electrode and a grid line of a solar cell panel, and then a solar cell test panel is obtained.
(1) And (3) detecting the photoelectric conversion efficiency: the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell test panel prepared in the above manner was measured according to the national standard GB/T34160-2017, and the test results are shown in table 2.
(2) The open-circuit voltage and the series resistance of each solar cell test panel are measured, the series resistance is used for representing the conductivity of the solar cell test panel, the smaller the series resistance is, the better the conductivity is, and the test results are shown in table 2.
TABLE 2 test results of examples and comparative examples
| Photoelectric conversion efficiency | Open pressure | Series resistance | |
| Example 1 | 22.20 | 0.6382 | 0.00190 |
| Example 2 | 22.32 | 0.6372 | 0.00172 |
| Example 3 | 22.32 | 0.6372 | 0.00170 |
| Example 4 | 22.30 | 0.6370 | 0.00170 |
| Comparative example 1 | 22.15 | 0.6365 | 0.00183 |
| Comparative example 2 | 22.05 | 0.6360 | 0.00193 |
| Comparative example 3 | 22.22 | 0.6370 | 0.00182 |
In summary, the following conclusions can be drawn:
combining example 3 and comparative examples 1-3 with table 2, it can be seen that the photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cell prepared by using the silver-aluminum paste with the aluminum powder with high oxygen content and moderate particle size is improved, which may be due to: the aluminum powder with high oxygen content and proper particle size reduces contact resistance, and simultaneously reduces aluminum-silicon alloy formed with P-type silicon, so that damage to N-type crystalline silicon cells is reduced, open voltage of the N-type crystalline silicon cells is increased, and photoelectric conversion efficiency of the solar cells is improved after the solar cells are prepared from the silver-aluminum paste.
The present embodiment is only for explaining the present application, and it is not limited to the present application, and those skilled in the art can make modifications of the present embodiment without inventive contribution as needed after reading the present specification, but all of them are protected by patent law within the scope of the claims of the present application.
Claims (9)
1. The silver-aluminum paste for the front fine grid of the high-performance N-type solar cell is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 80-90wt% of conductive silver powder, 5-10 wt% of organic carrier, 4-6wt% of glass powder and 1-4wt% of aluminum powder; the oxygen content of the aluminum powder is 0.5-1%.
2. The silver-aluminum paste for the front fine grid of the high-performance N-type solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: the aluminum powder is spherical aluminum powder with the particle size of 1-10 mu m and the D50 of 2.5-4 mu m.
3. The silver-aluminum paste for the front fine grid of the high-performance N-type solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: the silver powder is spherical silver powder with the grain diameter of 0.5-5 mu m and the D50 of 1.5-2 mu m.
4. The silver-aluminum paste for the front fine grid of the high-performance N-type solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: the glass powder comprises 0-80wt% of Bi2O3、0-25wt%B2O3、0-10wt%SiO2、1-10wt％ZnO。
5. The silver-aluminum paste for the front fine grid of the high-performance N-type solar cell according to claim 4, wherein: the glass powder also comprises 1-5 wt% of oxide of I main group element and 1-5 wt% of oxide of II main group element.
6. The high performance N-type solar cell frontside of claim 5The silver-aluminum paste for the fine grid is characterized in that: the preparation method of the glass powder comprises the following steps: separately weighing Bi2O3、B2O3、SiO2ZnO, oxide of the I main group element and oxide of the II main group element are mixed and stirred uniformly, the mixture is heated to 1200-1300 ℃ for 1-1.5h, and is smelted into uniform glass liquid, the glass liquid is pressed into glass sheets, then the glass sheets are ball-milled and crushed at the rotating speed of 300-350r/min for 5-6h, the ball-milled glass powder is sieved by a 200-mesh screen, and the sieved glass powder is dried at the temperature of 80-85 ℃ for 10-11h, so that the glass powder is prepared.
7. The silver-aluminum paste for the front fine grid of the high-performance N-type solar cell according to claim 6, characterized in that: the glass transition temperature of the glass powder is 300-350 ℃, the particle size distribution of the glass powder is 0.5-10 mu m, and the D50 is 1.5-2 mu m.
8. The silver-aluminum paste for the front fine grid of the high-performance N-type solar cell according to claim 1, wherein: the organic carrier comprises the following components in percentage by mass (15-25): (1-2): the organic binder, the surface dispersant and the thixotropic agent of (1-2);
the organic adhesive comprises organic resin and organic solvent, wherein the organic resin is selected from one or more of ethyl cellulose, butyl cellulose acetate, acrylic resin and polyvinyl butyral, and the organic solvent is selected from one or more of alcohol ester dodeca, butyl carbitol acetate, diethylene glycol ethyl ether acetate, diethylene glycol diethyl ether, diethylene glycol dibutyl ether, nylon acid methyl ester, adipic acid dimethyl ester, glutaric acid dimethyl ester, phthalic acid dimethyl ester and citric acid tributyl ester;
the surface dispersant is one or more selected from oleic acid, span 85, TDO and silicone oil;
the thixotropic agent is selected from one or more of hydrogenated castor oil and polyamide wax.
9. The preparation method of the silver-aluminum paste for the front fine grid of the high-performance N-type solar cell of claim 1 is characterized by comprising the following steps: and mixing and stirring the conductive silver powder, the glass powder, the aluminum powder and the organic carrier uniformly, and grinding until the fineness is below 6 mu m to obtain the silver-aluminum paste.
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| CN116580897A (en) * | 2023-07-13 | 2023-08-11 | 深圳众诚达应用材料股份有限公司 | Preparation method of front silver-aluminum paste of solar cell |
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