CN113255028A - Street-crossing blind road effectiveness measuring method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a street-crossing blind road effectiveness measuring method, and belongs to the field of evaluation and analysis of barrier-free facilities and traffic infrastructure. Firstly, acquiring basic data of a street-crossing blind road; secondly, constructing a structural equation model, determining a hierarchical structure between each type of basic data, and obtaining the influence weight of each data in each type of data; thirdly, judging whether the model meets the adaptation requirement or not according to the overall fitting degree evaluation index of the structural equation model; and finally, calculating the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind road. The effectiveness measurement method constructed by the invention can quantitatively describe the influence degree of different factors on the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind road, and provides a theoretical basis for quantitative analysis of the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind road and establishment of a policy for promoting effectiveness of barrier-free facilities.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a street-crossing blind road effectiveness measuring method technology, and belongs to the technical field of evaluation and analysis of barrier-free facilities and traffic infrastructure.
Background
According to statistics, 1400 million people with visual impairment exist in China, and 45 million new people with visual impairment are added every year, so that the people with visual impairment become a non-negligible group. Visually impaired people face significant challenges in independent travel, especially in complex traffic environments where there is limited opportunity for them to enter public spaces. These problems in turn exclude the visually impaired from social and economic activities, which also means that equal, participation and sharing rights are lost. The quality of life is for them. On the other hand, with the rapid development of society, people pay more attention to humanistic care and give more consideration to the life of people with vision disorder. In order to equalize social resources and services, barrier-free facility construction is accelerating the progress of the travel environment of disabled people. Therefore, it is a urgent necessity to optimize the traveling environment of visually impaired people and make a contribution to the realization of social equality and harmony.
Among the difficulties in traveling of many visually impaired people, one of the most prominent problems is road crossing. When using only auditory information, the visually impaired person needs more time to achieve the crossover. In addition, their safety issues are difficult to guarantee. At the same time, the complex traffic and road environment exacerbates this problem. The street-crossing blind road has not been systematically researched in China, the quantitative analysis of the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind road is rarely researched, and a scientific and complete street-crossing blind road effectiveness measurement system is not constructed.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem is as follows:
the invention discloses a street-crossing blind road effectiveness measuring method, and belongs to the field of evaluation and analysis of barrier-free facilities and traffic infrastructure. Firstly, acquiring basic data of a street-crossing blind road; secondly, calculating various parameters of a street-crossing blind road guiding passing module, a street-crossing blind road space density module and a street-crossing blind road laying completion degree module; and finally, obtaining an effectiveness measurement system of the street-crossing blind road by constructing a measurement method. The effectiveness measurement system constructed by the invention can quantitatively describe the influence degree of different factors on the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind road, and provides a theoretical basis for evaluating the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind road and establishing a policy for promoting the effectiveness of barrier-free facilities.
The technical scheme is as follows:
the invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
a street-crossing blind road effectiveness measurement method comprises the following steps:
step one, acquiring relevant basic data of street-crossing blind road effectiveness, wherein the basic data comprises three types: the street-crossing blind road guiding and passing data, the street-crossing blind road space density data and the street-crossing blind road laying completion degree data are obtained;
step two, constructing a structural equation model, determining a hierarchical structure among the three types of data, and obtaining the influence weight of each data in the three types of data;
step three, calculating an overall fitting degree evaluation index of the structural equation model, judging whether the model adaptation requirement is met according to a calculation result, if so, entering step four, otherwise, returning to step one;
and step four, calculating the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind road, and realizing quantitative analysis of the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind road.
Further, in the step one:
the street-crossing blind road guiding and passing data comprises the width of a street-crossing blind road, the length of the street-crossing blind road, the training rate of the blind road of local visually impaired people, the average walking speed of the local visually impaired people and the total probability of the local visually impaired people for completing independent walking; the street-crossing blind road space density data comprises a street-crossing blind road laying rate, a street-crossing pedestrian flow density and a traffic flow density; the data of the completion degree of the pavement of the street-crossing blind road comprises the regular maintenance rate and the standard specification of the brick class of the street-crossing blind road.
Further, the training rate x of blind sidewalk of the visually impaired people4The calculation is performed according to the following formula:
in the formula, nstudyNumber of people who have received blind walk training in local area, ntotalThe total number of local visually impaired people;
total probability x of local visually impaired people completing independent walking5The calculation is performed according to the following formula:
in the formula, nindepentN is the total number of visually impaired people who can walk independentlytotalThe total number of local visually impaired people。
Further, the laying rate y of the street-crossing blind road3The calculation is performed according to the following formula:
in the formula, scrossingIs the total area of the local crosswalk, stactile-pavingLaying area for local street-crossing blind roads.
Further, periodic maintenance rate z1The calculation is performed according to the following formula:
in the formula tiThe maintenance time of the ith street-crossing blind road, n the maintenance times of the street-crossing blind road, ttotalThe total service time for the street-crossing blind road is long;
brick standard z for street-crossing blind road2The calculation is performed according to the following formula:
in the formula, serrorFor the total area, s, of the type of wrong laying in each street-crossing blind roadtactile-pavingThe total area of the local street-crossing blind road.
Further, the second step comprises the following specific steps:
normalizing the three types of data obtained in the step one;
and establishing a structural equation model through path analysis, determining a hierarchical structure between the three types of normalized data, and obtaining the influence weight of each data in the three types of normalized data.
Further: in the fourth step, the effectiveness y of the street-crossing blind road is as follows:
y=(β1X+εX)+(β2Y+εY)
wherein X, Y are respectively the street-crossing blind road guiding passage index, the street-crossing blind road space density index, beta1、β2Respectively X, Y influence weight, εX、εYEach residue is X, Y, X ═ lambdaX1X1+εX1)+(λX2X2+εX2)+(λX3X3+εX3)+(λX4X4+εX4)+(λX5X5+εX5),Y=(λY1Y1+εY1)+(λY2Y2+εY2)+(λY3Y3+εY3),X1、X2、X3、X4、X5Respectively the normalized width of the street-crossing blind road, the length of the street-crossing blind road, the training rate of the blind road of the local visually impaired people, the average walking speed of the local visually impaired people and the total probability of the local visually impaired people completing independent walking, epsilonX1、εX2、εX3、εX4、εX5Respectively is the normalized width of the street-crossing blind road, the length of the street-crossing blind road, the training rate of the blind road of the local visually impaired people, the average walking speed of the local visually impaired people and the residual error value of the total probability of finishing independent walking of the local visually impaired people, Y1、Y2、Y3Respectively is the normalized street-crossing blind road laying rate, street-crossing pedestrian flow density, traffic flow density, epsilonY1、εY2、εY3And obtaining the normalized residual values of the street-crossing blind road laying rate, the street-crossing pedestrian flow density and the traffic flow density according to the structural model parameter calibration process.
Further: in the third step, the overall fitting degree evaluation index of the structural equation model comprises chi2Statistics, approximation error root mean square RMSEA, fitness index GFI, and comparative fitness index CFI.
Has the advantages that:
the invention establishes a relatively complete method for measuring the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind road, can clearly present the influence degree of different factors on the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind road, provides a theoretical basis for evaluating the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind road, and also provides a basis for scientifically formulating an intervention policy to improve the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind road.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following examples, which are intended to be purely exemplary and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as various equivalent modifications of the invention will occur to those skilled in the art after reading the present invention and fall within the scope of the appended claims.
The invention provides a street-crossing blind road effectiveness measuring method which mainly comprises the following steps:
1) acquiring basic data related to street crossing blind road effectiveness:
the basic data related to the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk mainly comprises three types: the street-crossing blind road guiding and passing data, the street-crossing blind road space density data and the street-crossing blind road laying completion degree data. The street-crossing blind road guiding and passing data comprises the width x of the street-crossing blind road1Length x of blind road2Local visual impairment person blind road training rate x4Average walking speed x of local visually impaired people3And the total probability x of finishing independent walking of the local visually impaired5,nstudy is the number of people who receive the training of walking on blind sidewalks, ntotalThe total number of people with visual impairment in the region, nindepentThe number of people can walk independently; the spatial density data of the street-crossing blind road comprises the laying rate y of the street-crossing blind road3And density y of pedestrian flow crossing street1And traffic density y2,scrossingArea of crosswalk, stactile-paviLaying area for the street-crossing blind road in the region; the data of the completion degree of the pavement of the street-crossing blind road comprises the periodic maintenance rate z1And the brick standard specification z of the street blind road2,tiThe maintenance time of the ith street-crossing blind road, ttotalAs a result of the total service duration,serrorfor the total area, s, of the type of wrong laying in each street-crossing blind roadtactile-pavingIs the total area of the regional street-crossing blind road.
2) Constructing a structural equation model, determining a hierarchical structure among the three types of data, and obtaining the influence weight of each data in the three types of data:
normalizing the acquired three types of data;
and establishing a structural equation model through path analysis, determining a hierarchical structure among the three types of normalized data, and obtaining influence weights and various residual values of all data in the three types of normalized data.
3) And (3) calculating the overall fitting degree evaluation index of the structural equation model, judging whether the model adaptation requirement is met according to the calculation result, if so, entering the step four, and otherwise, returning to the step 1).
Calculating an overall fitting degree evaluation index: chi shape2And (3) evaluating the overall fitting degree of the model by statistics, an approximation error Root Mean Square (RMSEA), a fitting degree index (GFI) and a comparison fitting degree index (CFI). And if all the indexes meet the requirements, calculating the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind road. The fitting results for this example are shown in table 1, indicating that the results reach acceptable levels.
TABLE 1 model Adaptation index Table
4) Calculating the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind road, and realizing the quantitative analysis of the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind road:
the effectiveness y of the street-crossing blind road is as follows:
y=(β1X+εX)+(β2Y+εY)
in the formula, X,Y is the street-crossing blind road guide passage index, the street-crossing blind road space density index, beta1、β2Respectively X, Y influence weight, εX、εYEach residue is X, Y, X ═ lambdaX1X1+εX1)+(λX2X2+εX2)+(λX3X3+εX3)+(λX4X4+εX4)+(λX5X5+εX5),Y=(λY1Y1+εY1)+(λY2Y2+εY2)+(λY3Y3+εY3),X1、X2、X3、X4、X5Respectively the normalized width of the street-crossing blind road, the length of the street-crossing blind road, the training rate of the blind road of the local visually impaired people, the average walking speed of the local visually impaired people and the total probability of the local visually impaired people completing independent walking, epsilonX1、εX2、εX3、εX4、εX5Respectively is the normalized width of the street-crossing blind road, the length of the street-crossing blind road, the training rate of the blind road of the local visually impaired people, the average walking speed of the local visually impaired people and the residual error value of the total probability of finishing independent walking of the local visually impaired people, Y1、Y2、Y3Respectively is the normalized street-crossing blind road laying rate, street-crossing pedestrian flow density, traffic flow density, epsilonY1、εY2、εY3The normalized residual values of the street-crossing blind road laying rate, the street-crossing pedestrian flow density and the traffic flow density are respectively.
The invention provides a method for measuring the effectiveness of the Chinese street-crossing blind road for the first time, and the specific effect of building the street-crossing blind road is effectively evaluated from the quantitative perspective. The street-crossing blind road is a new barrier-free facility in China, and with the promotion of barrier-free environment construction in China, the street-crossing blind road can be widely applied to various big cities to help people with disabilities to cross streets quickly and safely. However, at present, no analysis and research on street-crossing blind road construction effectiveness exists in China, and a street-crossing blind road effectiveness measurement system which meets the Chinese situation is built in the link of promoting barrier-free facility construction, so that the actual use effect of the street-crossing blind road is ensured, and unnecessary resource waste is reduced. The structural equation model has the advantages of objectivity and high accuracy, can effectively quantify the relation among factors influencing the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind road, and provides an important technical means for quantitatively evaluating the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind road.
The invention can be applied to the construction, specific arrangement, use and evaluation links of Chinese barrier-free facilities, reflects the reasonability and effectiveness of arrangement of the street-crossing blind roads, is beneficial to determining the arrangement mode of the barrier-free facilities, provides ideas and references for optimizing the barrier-free facilities for social related departments, continuously perfects the existing barrier-free facilities, improves the trip experience of the visually handicapped people and ensures the trip safety.
The invention also provides a computer device comprising a processor and a memory. The memory, which is a computer-readable storage medium, may be used to store computer-executable programs. The processor executes various functional applications and data processing of the computer equipment by operating the instructions stored in the memory, namely, the method for measuring the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk is realized.
The present invention also provides a storage medium containing computer executable instructions which, when executed by a computer processor, are adapted to perform the method of street blind crossing effectiveness measurement described above.
From the above description of the embodiments, it is obvious for those skilled in the art that the present invention can be implemented by software and necessary general hardware, and certainly, can also be implemented by hardware, but the former is a better embodiment in many cases. Based on such understanding, the technical solutions of the present invention may be embodied in the form of a software product, which can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, such as a floppy disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a Random Access Memory (RAM), a FLASH Memory (FLASH), a hard disk or an optical disk of a computer, and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device) to execute the methods according to the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A street-crossing blind road effectiveness measurement method is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step one, acquiring relevant basic data of street-crossing blind road effectiveness, wherein the basic data comprises three types: the street-crossing blind road guiding and passing data, the street-crossing blind road space density data and the street-crossing blind road laying completion degree data are obtained;
step two, constructing a structural equation model, determining a hierarchical structure among the three types of data, and obtaining the influence weight of each data in the three types of data;
step three, calculating an overall fitting degree evaluation index of the structural equation model, judging whether the model adaptation requirement is met according to a calculation result, if so, entering step four, otherwise, returning to step one;
and step four, calculating the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind road, and realizing quantitative analysis of the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind road.
2. The method for measuring the effectiveness of a street blind sidewalk according to claim 1, wherein in the first step:
the street-crossing blind road guiding and passing data comprises the width of a street-crossing blind road, the length of the street-crossing blind road, the training rate of the blind road of local visually impaired people, the average walking speed of the local visually impaired people and the total probability of the local visually impaired people for completing independent walking; the street-crossing blind road space density data comprises a street-crossing blind road laying rate, a street-crossing pedestrian flow density and a traffic flow density; the data of the completion degree of the pavement of the street-crossing blind road comprises the regular maintenance rate and the standard specification of the brick class of the street-crossing blind road.
3. The method for measuring the effectiveness of a blind sidewalk for crossing street as claimed in claim 2, wherein the training rate x of the blind sidewalk for the visually impaired is determined by the training rate x4The calculation is performed according to the following formula:
in the formula, nstudyNumber of people who have received blind walk training in local area, ntotalThe total number of local visually impaired people;
total probability x of local visually impaired people completing independent walking5The calculation is performed according to the following formula:
in the formula, nindepentN is the total number of visually impaired people who can walk independentlytotalThe total number of local visually impaired people.
4. The method for measuring the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk according to claim 2, wherein the laying rate y of the street-crossing blind sidewalk3The calculation is performed according to the following formula:
in the formula, scrossingIs the total area of the local crosswalk, stactile-paviLaying area for local street-crossing blind roads.
5. The method for measuring the effectiveness of a street-crossing blind sidewalk according to claim 2, wherein the periodic maintenance rate z is1The calculation is performed according to the following formula:
in the formula tiThe maintenance time of the ith street-crossing blind road, n the maintenance times of the street-crossing blind road, ttotalThe total service time for the street-crossing blind road is long;
brick standard z for street-crossing blind road2The calculation is performed according to the following formula:
in the formula, serrorFor the total area, s, of the type of wrong laying in each street-crossing blind roadtactile-pavThe total area of the local street-crossing blind road.
6. The method for measuring the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk according to claim 2, wherein the second step comprises the following specific steps:
normalizing the three types of data obtained in the step one;
and establishing a structural equation model through path analysis, determining a hierarchical structure between the three types of normalized data, and obtaining the influence weight of each data in the three types of normalized data.
7. The method for measuring the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk according to claim 6, wherein in the fourth step, the effectiveness y of the street-crossing blind sidewalk is:
y=(β1X+εX)+(β2Y+εY)
wherein X, Y are respectively the street-crossing blind road guiding passage index, the street-crossing blind road space density index, beta1、β2Respectively X, Y influence weight, εX、εYEach residue is X, Y, X ═ lambdaX1X1+εX1)+(λX2X2+εX2)+(λX3X3+εX3)+(λX4X4+εX4)+(λX5X5+εX5),Y=(λY1Y1+εY1)+(λY2Y2+εY2)+(λY3Y3+εY3),X1、X2、X3、X4、X5Respectively the normalized width of the street-crossing blind road, the length of the street-crossing blind road, the training rate of the blind road of the local visually impaired people, the average walking speed of the local visually impaired people and the total probability of the local visually impaired people completing independent walking, epsilonX1、εX2、εX3、εX4、εX5Respectively is the normalized width of the street-crossing blind road, the length of the street-crossing blind road, the training rate of the blind road of the local visually impaired people, the average walking speed of the local visually impaired people and the residual error value of the total probability of finishing independent walking of the local visually impaired people, Y1、Y2、Y3Respectively is the normalized street-crossing blind road laying rate, street-crossing pedestrian flow density, traffic flow density, epsilonY1、εY2、εY3The normalized residual values of the street-crossing blind road laying rate, the street-crossing pedestrian flow density and the traffic flow density are obtained through a model parameter calibration process.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step three, the overall fitness evaluation index of the structural equation model comprises χ2Statistics, approximation error root mean square RMSEA, fitness index GFI, and comparative fitness index CFI.
9. A storage medium containing computer executable instructions for performing the method of street blind availability measure according to any one of claims 1 to 8 when executed by a computer processor.
10. A computer device comprising a processor and a memory, the memory storing instructions that, when executed, cause the processor to perform a method of street blind walk effectiveness measurement according to any one of claims 1 to 8.
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