CN113253652A - Unit communication control device, method and unit - Google Patents
Unit communication control device, method and unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN113253652A CN113253652A CN202110557099.5A CN202110557099A CN113253652A CN 113253652 A CN113253652 A CN 113253652A CN 202110557099 A CN202110557099 A CN 202110557099A CN 113253652 A CN113253652 A CN 113253652A
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- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/04—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers
- G05B19/042—Programme control other than numerical control, i.e. in sequence controllers or logic controllers using digital processors
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B2219/00—Program-control systems
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Abstract
The invention discloses a communication control device, a method and a unit of the unit, wherein the device comprises: the first communication module monitors the running states of the host and the slave under the condition that the master control module controls the slave; under the condition that the master control module does not control the slave machine, sending a second control instruction, controlling the host machine and the slave machine, and monitoring the running states of the host machine and the slave machine; the second communication module is used for performing anti-interference processing on the first control instruction sent by the main control module under the condition that the main control module sends the first control instruction; and under the condition that the first communication module sends the second control instruction, performing anti-interference processing on the second control instruction sent by the main control module. According to the scheme, the first communication module can monitor and control data of the host and all the slave machines by utilizing the current second communication module under the condition that a UART pin of the main control module is not required to be added, and the communication cost is not increased.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication control, and particularly relates to a communication control device, a method and a unit of the unit, in particular to a communication circuit with multi-channel monitoring and control functions, the unit (such as an air conditioning unit) with the communication circuit and a communication control method of the unit.
Background
The unit refers to a set of machines, such as a compressor unit, a refrigeration unit, a generator set and the like, and generally comprises a set of system formed by a prime mover driving a compressor and auxiliary machines. For example: the air conditioning unit can comprise a master machine and slave machines, and the number of the slave machines is more than one.
When a unit (such as an air conditioning unit) is started, an external communication module is required to control the operation states of a master machine and all slave machines, and the operation states of the master machine and the slave machines need to be monitored so that a user can control the unit and know the operation states of the unit.
In the related scheme, an external communication module is directly connected in parallel with a receiving pin and a transmitting pin of an RS485 chip (namely, the receiving pin of the communication module is connected with the transmitting pin of the RS485 chip, and the transmitting pin of the communication module is connected with the receiving pin of the RS485 chip), and then is connected with a UART (universal asynchronous receiver transmitter) pin of a main control IC (namely, a main control chip such as an MCU), so that only communication between a host and a slave can be realized, or only communication between the host and the communication module can be realized, and the communication module cannot directly monitor data of the slave and realize control over the slave. In this case, in order to implement data monitoring and control on the unit, a UART pin of the main control chip or an RS485 chip conversion needs to be added, which inevitably increases communication cost.
The above is only for the purpose of assisting understanding of the technical aspects of the present invention, and does not represent an admission that the above is prior art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a communication control device, a method and a unit of the unit, which aim to solve the problems that in a communication circuit of a host and a slave, an external communication module is directly connected in parallel with a receiving pin and a sending pin of an RS485 chip, only the communication between the host and the slave can be realized or only the communication between the host and the communication module can be realized, the data of the slave cannot be directly monitored and the control over the slave cannot be realized, and the UART pins of a main control chip or the conversion of an RS485 chip is needed to be added for realizing the monitoring of the data and the control over the unit, so that the communication cost is high, and the effect that the external communication module can monitor and control the data of the host and all the slaves by using the current RS485 chip under the condition that the UART pins of the main control chip are not added is achieved, and the communication cost is not increased.
The present invention provides a communication control device for an apparatus, the apparatus including: a master and a slave; the host is provided with a main control module; the communication control device of the unit comprises: a first communication module and a second communication module; the sending pin of the first communication module is connected to the sending pin of the main control module; the sending pin is a communication interface used for sending data; the receiving pin of the first communication module is connected to the receiving pin of the main control module; the receiving pin is a communication interface for receiving data; the second communication module is connected to the main control module; the master control module is configured to send a first control instruction to control the slave; the first communication module is configured to monitor the operation states of the master machine and the slave machine under the condition that the master control module controls the slave machine; under the condition that the master control module does not control the slave machine, sending a second control instruction, controlling the host machine and the slave machine, and monitoring the running states of the host machine and the slave machine; the second communication module is configured to perform anti-interference processing on the first control instruction sent by the main control module under the condition that the main control module sends the first control instruction; and under the condition that the first communication module sends the second control instruction, performing anti-interference processing on the second control instruction sent by the main control module.
In some embodiments, the number of slaves is more than one; when the number of the slave machines is one, the slave machines are connected to the main control module through the second communication module; when the number of the slave machines is more than two, if the distance between the slave machine and the host machine is within a set distance range, the slave machine is directly connected to the main control module or is connected to the main control module through the second communication module; and if the direct distance between the slave machine and the host machine is beyond the set distance range, the slave machine is connected to the main control module through the second communication module.
In some embodiments, in the case that the slave is directly connected to the master control module, the transmission pin of the slave is connected to the transmission pin of the master control module; the receiving pin of the slave machine is connected to the receiving pin of the main control module; the communication interface of the slave machine is connected to the differential signal interface of the second communication module under the condition that the slave machine is connected to the main control module through the second communication module; the sending pin of the second communication module is connected to the receiving pin of the main control module; the receiving pin of the second communication module is connected to the sending pin of the main control module; the transmission pin of the first communication module is connected to the transmission pin of the main control module; the receiving pin of the first communication module is connected to the receiving pin of the main control module; the transmitting pin of the main control module and the receiving pin of the main control module are used as one path of UART pins of the main control module and are respectively connected to the first communication module and the second communication module.
In some embodiments, the first communication module comprises: the device comprises a control chip and a first communication interface; the control chip is connected to the main control module through the first communication interface.
In some embodiments, the master control module comprises: the main control chip and the second communication interface; the main control chip is connected to the second communication module; the main control chip is connected to the first communication module through the second communication interface.
In some embodiments, the second communication module comprises: the system comprises an RS485 communication chip, a first pull-up module, a second pull-up module, a first pull-down module and a second pull-down module; the RS485 communication chip is an RS485 chip without receiving enabling; the R pin of the RS485 chip is connected with a direct current power supply after passing through the first pull-up module and is also connected to a receiving pin of the main control module; the INV pin of the RS485 chip is grounded after passing through the first pull-down module and is also connected to the INV pin of the main control module; the DE pin of the RS485 chip is grounded after passing through the second pull-down module and is also connected to the DE pin of the main control module; and the D pin of the RS485 chip is connected with a direct-current power supply after passing through the second pull-up module and is also connected to a sending pin of the main control module.
In some embodiments, the first communication module, which controls the master and the slave and monitors the operation states of the master and the slave, includes: under the condition that the level of a second control instruction sent by the first communication module and received by the main control module is a first set level, the position of a pin D of the RS485 chip is the first set level; the second control instruction is processed by the RS485 chip and then received by the main control module and the first communication module from the R pin of the RS485 chip, so that the control of the host and the slave is realized, and the running states of the host and the slave are monitored; the first setting level is a high level or a low level.
In some embodiments, the first communication module monitors the operation status of the master and the slave, and further includes: under the condition that the first communication module receives the first control command and the first control command is sent by the main control module, if a first control command sent by the main control module is a first set level, the position of a pin D of the RS485 chip is the first set level; and the signals of a first set level obtained after the first control instruction is processed by the RS485 chip are respectively received by the main control module and the first communication module, so that the monitoring of the running states of the host and the slave is realized.
In accordance with another aspect of the present invention, there is provided a machine set, comprising: the communication control device of the unit described above.
In match with the above-mentioned unit, another aspect of the present invention provides a communication control method for a unit, including: when the host calls the name of the slave, controlling the host to start transmission enabling; when the slave machine responds, the sending enable of the host machine is pulled down, the RS485 chip in the second communication module enters a receiving state, and after the slave machine receives the roll-call data of the slave machine sent by the host machine, the slave machine responds to the host machine in the stage of the sending enable of the RS485 chip being pulled down.
In some embodiments, further comprising: under the condition of accessing a new slave machine, the new slave machine is directly connected to the main control module of the host machine, after the host machine finishes roll calling the new slave machine, the new slave machine enters a stage of responding to roll calling data of the new slave machine sent by the host machine, the sending enabling pull-up of the RS485 chip is kept, and signals of a receiving pin and a sending pin of the RS485 chip are kept consistent; and transmitting the response signal of the new slave to a receiving pin in the UART pin of the host to enable the host to carry out reading operation.
In some embodiments, further comprising: and under the condition that the slave is connected to the second communication module, the UART line of the host is configured to be a floating input and an open-drain output.
Therefore, according to the scheme of the invention, under the condition that the UART pin of the main control chip is limited, the receiving pin of the RS485 chip is respectively connected with the transmitting pin of the external communication module and the transmitting pin of the main control chip, and the transmitting pin of the RS485 chip is respectively connected with the transmitting pin of the external communication module and the transmitting pin of the main control chip, so that the external communication module can monitor and control data of the host and all the slave machines, and therefore, under the condition that the UART pin of the main control chip is not required to be increased, the current RS485 chip is utilized, the external communication module can monitor and control the data of the host and all the slave machines, and the communication cost is not increased.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a communication control device of a unit according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of a communication circuit for multiple listening and control;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a communication waveform of an RS485 chip;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a communication module for transmitting data;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication module receiving data.
The reference numbers in the embodiments of the present invention are as follows, in combination with the accompanying drawings:
1-a slave; 2-RS485 chip (namely RS485 communication chip); 3-main control chip of host (such as MCU of host); 4-a master controller module of the communication module; 5-the master control chip of the communication module (i.e. the control chip IC2 of the slave); 6-host controller.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the specific embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. It is to be understood that the described embodiments are merely exemplary of the invention, and not restrictive of the full scope of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a communication control apparatus of a unit. Referring to fig. 1, a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention is shown. The unit, including: a master and a slave; the host computer is provided with a main control module, such as a main control chip MCU 3 of the host computer and a communication interface (COM-PC) of the host computer. The communication control device of the unit comprises: the communication device comprises a first communication module and a second communication module. A first communication module, such as the master controller module 4 of the communication module. And the second communication module is a 485 communication circuit consisting of an RS485 chip 2, a pull-up resistor module and a pull-down resistor module.
And the sending pin of the first communication module is connected to the sending pin of the main control module. The transmission pin is a communication interface for transmitting data.
And the receiving pin of the first communication module is connected to the receiving pin of the main control module. The receiving pin is a communication interface for receiving data.
And the second communication module is connected to the main control module.
The master control module is configured to send a first control instruction to control the slave.
The first communication module is configured to monitor the operation states of the master machine and the slave machine when the master control module controls the slave machine. And under the condition that the master control module does not control the slave machine, sending a second control instruction, controlling the master machine and the slave machine, and monitoring the running states of the master machine and the slave machine.
The second communication module is configured to perform anti-interference processing on the first control instruction sent by the main control module under the condition that the main control module sends the first control instruction. And under the condition that the first communication module sends the second control instruction, performing anti-interference processing on the second control instruction sent by the main control module.
Therefore, under the condition that a UART pin of the main control module is not required to be added, the first communication module can monitor and control data of the host and all the slaves by utilizing the current second communication module, and the communication cost is not increased. Specifically, under the condition that the UART pin of the main control chip is limited, in the existing 485 communication circuit (i.e., the communication circuit of the RS485 chip), one or more slave machines do not need to additionally add a 485 communication circuit, and data monitoring and control of all the machine sets can be realized, so that data of the master machine and all the slave machines can be monitored and controlled through the external communication module. By the operation mode of the host, the problem that the UART pins of the main control chip are insufficient when data monitoring and control of the host and a plurality of slave machines are required is solved, the resource utilization rate of the main control chip is improved, and the cost of developing products is reduced.
In some embodiments, the number of slaves is more than one.
And if the number of the slave machines is one, the slave machines are connected to the main control module through the second communication module.
When the number of the slaves is two or more, if the distance between the slave and the master is within a set distance range, the slaves can be directly connected to the master control module or can be connected to the master control module through the second communication module. If the direct distance between the slave and the master is beyond the set distance range, the slave needs to be connected to the master control module through the second communication module.
Therefore, all data of the master and slave machines are monitored and controlled under the condition that the UART pins of the master control chip are limited, the direct serial port communication of the near end is realized while the far end uses the RS485 chip to resist interference under the single UART pins, and the near end can also communicate without adding the RS485 chip. Wherein, the near end is the distance between the slave machine and the host machine within a set distance such as 1 meter. Far end means that the distance between the slave and the master is a set distance, for example, 1 meter away.
In some embodiments, in the case that the slave is directly connected to the master control module, the transmission pin of the slave is connected to the transmission pin of the master control module. And the receiving pin of the slave machine is connected to the receiving pin of the main control module.
And under the condition that the slave is connected to the main control module through the second communication module, the communication interface of the slave is connected to a differential signal interface (such as an A pin and a B pin of an RS485 chip) of the second communication module. And the sending pin of the second communication module is connected to the receiving pin of the main control module. The receiving pin of the second communication module is connected to the sending pin of the main control module; the transmission pin of the first communication module is connected to the transmission pin of the main control module; and the receiving pin of the first communication module is connected to the receiving pin of the main control module. The transmitting pin of the main control module and the receiving pin of the main control module are used as one path of UART pins of the main control module and are respectively connected to the first communication module and the second communication module.
Therefore, when the slave is monitored and controlled by using one path of UART pins (such as the RXD pin and the TXD pin of the main control chip 3 of the main control chip) of the main control chip, the monitoring and the control between the slave and the slave are synchronously realized, and the utilization rate of the UART pins of the main control chip is improved.
In some embodiments, the first communication module comprises: the device comprises a control chip and a first communication interface. A control chip such as chip IC 2. First communication interface, e.g. master controller module (CN) of communication module3)4。
The control chip is connected to the main control module through the first communication interface.
In some embodiments, the master control module comprises: the main control chip and the second communication interface. And the main control chip is like the MCU 3. A second communication interface, such as a communication interface of a host (COM-PC).
The main control chip is connected to the second communication module. The main control chip is connected to the first communication module through the second communication interface.
In some embodiments, the second communication module comprises: the RS485 communication chip comprises an RS485 communication chip, a first pull-up module (such as a pull-up resistor R68), a second pull-up module (such as a pull-up resistor R69), a first pull-down module (such as a pull-down resistor R76) and a second pull-down module (such as a pull-down resistor R70). And the RS485 communication chip is an RS485 chip without receiving and enabling.
And the R pin of the RS485 chip is connected with a direct current power supply after passing through the first pull-up module and is also connected to a receiving pin of the main control module.
And the INV pin of the RS485 chip is grounded after passing through the first pull-down module and is also connected to the INV pin of the main control module.
And the DE pin of the RS485 chip is grounded after passing through the second pull-down module and is also connected to the DE pin of the main control module.
And the D pin of the RS485 chip is connected with a direct-current power supply after passing through the second pull-up module and is also connected to a sending pin of the main control module.
For example: the RS485 communication circuit includes: the RS485 chip (namely the 485 communication chip U8), the pull-up resistor R68, the pull-up resistor R69, the pull-down resistor R76 and the pull-down resistor R70, wherein the pull-up resistor R68 and the pull-up resistor R69 are respectively connected with a pin 1 and a pin 4 of the RS485 chip, and signals are pulled up to a high level in the circuit. The pull-down resistor R76 and the pull-down resistor R70 are respectively connected with the pin 2 and the pin 3 of the RS485 chip, and pull down signals to low level in the circuit.
Two main control chips (such as the main control chip 3 of the host and the control chip IC2 of the slave) simultaneously control the transmission and reception of one path of RS485 chip: and a receiving pin of the RS485 chip 2 is respectively connected with a communication module and a receiving pin of a main MCU (namely the main control chip 3). And a transmitting pin of the RS485 chip 2 is respectively connected with the communication module and a transmitting pin of the main MCU. And a receiving pin and a sending pin of the RS485 chip 2 are used for receiving and sending data and simultaneously realizing signal conversion. And the pull-up resistor R68 and the pull-up resistor R69 are respectively connected with the 1 pin and the 4 pins of the RS485 chip, and pull up the signal to a high level in the communication circuit. The pull-down resistor R76 and the pull-down resistor R70 are connected to pin 2 and pin 3 of the RS485 chip 2, respectively, and pull down a signal to a low level in the communication circuit.
Therefore, by using the RS485 chip without receiving enabling, the wiring sequence of the receiving pin and the sending pin is changed, the characteristics of the RS485 chip are utilized, and the time sequence change of the host is matched, so that when the host is communicated with a far-end slave machine comprising the RS485 chip through one path of UART pins, the communication with the slave machine of the communication circuit without the RS485 chip at the near end is synchronously realized, the utilization rate of the UART pins of the main control chip is improved, and the selectivity of the 485 communication circuit whether the slave machine needs to be anti-interference or not is improved.
In some embodiments, the first communication module, which controls the master and the slave and monitors the operation states of the master and the slave, includes: under the condition that the control signal is sent by the first communication module and received by the main control module, if the level of a second control instruction sent by the first communication module is a first set level, the position of the pin D of the RS485 chip is the first set level. And after being processed by the RS485 chip, the second control instruction is received by the main control module and the first communication module from the R pin of the RS485 chip, so that the control of the host and the slave is realized, and the running states of the host and the slave are monitored. The first setting level is a high level or a low level.
Specifically, the communication module transmits, is received by the control chip MCU (i.e. the main control chip 3 of the host): the communication module sends data, when the data that communication module sent are high level (or low level), RS485 chip pin D department is high level (or low level), high level (or low level) signal is input from RS485 chip pin D department, high level (or low level) signal is through RS485 chip conversion back, export from RS485 chip reading end R department, high level (or low level) signal is received by MCU and IC2 receiving pin respectively, when realizing control, accomplish the control to the data that send.
In some embodiments, the first communication module monitors the operation status of the master and the slave, and further includes: under the condition that the first communication module receives the first control command and the main control module sends the first control command, if the first control command sent by the main control module is a first set level, the pin D of the RS485 chip is the first set level. And the signals of a first set level obtained after the first control instruction is processed by the RS485 chip are respectively received by the main control module and the first communication module, so that the monitoring of the running states of the host and the slave is realized.
Specifically, the communication module receives and transmits the data from the host control chip MCU (i.e. the host control chip 3 of the host): when the MCU in the circuit transmits data and the MCU transmission pin outputs high level (or low level), the input voltage at the pin D of the RS485 chip is also high level (or low level), and after the high level (or low level) signal is converted by the RS485 chip, the high level (or low level) signal is respectively received by the main MCU and the communication module. The communication module realizes data monitoring.
Through a large number of tests, the technical scheme of the invention is adopted, under the condition that the UART pin of the main control chip is limited, the receiving pin of the RS485 chip is respectively connected with the transmitting pin of the external communication module and the transmitting pin of the main control chip, and the transmitting pin of the RS485 chip is respectively connected with the transmitting pin of the external communication module and the transmitting pin of the main control chip, so that the external communication module can monitor and control the data of the host and all the slave machines, and therefore, under the condition that the UART pin of the main control chip is not required to be added, the current RS485 chip is utilized, the external communication module can monitor and control the data of the host and all the slave machines, and the communication cost is not increased.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided an assembly corresponding to the communication control apparatus of the assembly. The unit may include: the communication control device of the unit described above.
In the related solution, the external communication module refers to some modules for performing human-computer interaction, such as a WIFI (wireless local area network technology established in IEEE 802.11 standard) module. The method comprises the following steps of controlling the running states of a master machine and all slave machines by using a communication module, and monitoring the running states of the master machine and the slave machines, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and control and information interaction are realized in a 485 communication mode. The control of the running states of the master machine and all the slave machines is to send commands to the machine set to be operated so as to change the running state mode of the machine set. The running states of the host and the slave are monitored, and the running states of the running units are subjected to data collection, so that data storage and analysis are realized. The operation state refers to a mode in which the unit is operated, such as cooling, heating, and air supply of an air conditioner.
In consideration of the connection mode between the communication module and the RS485 chip in the related scheme, in order to implement control and monitoring, the UART pin of the main control chip or the conversion of the RS485 chip needs to be added to implement data monitoring and control on the unit, however, the UART pin of the main control chip or the conversion of the RS485 chip increases the product cost and increases the complexity of software processing.
The UART pins of the main control chip are integrated in the main control chip, so that more UART pins of the main control chip need to be replaced. The communication information corresponding to each path of UART pins is received and processed by the main control chip and then forwarded to the external equipment connected with other UART pins. For example: in order to realize monitoring of host data and all slave data, a UART pin of a main control chip needs to be added in a connection mode of a communication module and an RS485 chip, so that the communication module and the RS485 chip are respectively connected to the UART pin of the main control chip, data processing and conversion are realized through the main control chip, slave state information is sent to the communication module, and data monitoring is completed.
And UART communication is normally cross communication between the pin A and the pin B, namely the pin A sends the pin B to receive, and the pin B sends the pin A to receive. If the pin C is correspondingly added, all communication among the pin a, the pin B and the pin C cannot be realized, for example: if the AB and the AC are able to communicate, the BC is unable to communicate. RS485 communication, which is to take signal communication on a 485 bus after a UART signal is converted by an RS485 chip, and the communication can be carried out without crossing; in addition, the communication is performed. And an RS485 chip is required to be converted into 485 communication corresponding to the transmission or the reception of each slave, so that the cost is high.
In addition, if the above method is adopted, the processing method is to collect the data returned by all the slaves first, then the data is processed by the main control chip, the collected data is transmitted to the monitored communication equipment module and then to the unit equipment after the data is decoded by software, and the complexity of software processing is increased.
Therefore, in the connection mode of the communication module and the RS485 chip in the related scheme, only single data transmission and control between the host and the slave or between the host and the communication module can be realized under the condition of sharing one RS485 chip, and direct control of the communication module on the operation of the slave and direct monitoring of data information in the operation process of the slave cannot be realized under the condition of not converting the RS485 chip.
In some embodiments, the present invention provides a multi-channel monitoring and controlling communication circuit, which can monitor and control data of a master and all slaves through an external communication module; the problem that all data of the master and slave machines are monitored and controlled under the condition that the UART pins of the master control chip are limited is solved, the direct serial port communication of the near end is realized while the far end uses the RS485 chip to resist interference under the single UART pins, and the near end can also communicate without adding the RS485 chip. Wherein, the near end is the distance between the slave machine and the host machine within a set distance such as 1 meter. Far end means that the distance between the slave and the master is a set distance, for example, 1 meter away.
In the scheme of the invention, under the condition that the UART pin of the main control chip is limited, in the existing 485 communication circuit (namely the communication circuit of the RS485 chip), one or more slave machines do not need to additionally increase the 485 communication circuit, and the data monitoring and control of all the machine sets can be realized. By the operation mode of the host, the problem that the UART pins of the main control chip are insufficient when data monitoring and control of the host and a plurality of slave machines are required is solved, the resource utilization rate of the main control chip is improved, and the cost of developing products is reduced.
According to the scheme of the invention, when one path of UART pins (such as RXD pins and TXD pins of the main control chip 3 of the main computer) of the main control chip of the main computer is used for monitoring and controlling the slave computers, the monitoring and the control between the slave computers are synchronously realized. And the connection sequence of the receiving pin and the sending pin is changed by using the RS485 chip without receiving enabling, the communication with the slave machine of the communication circuit without the RS485 chip at the near end is synchronously realized by utilizing the characteristics of the RS485 chip and matching with the time sequence change of the host machine when the host machine is communicated with the remote slave machine comprising the RS485 chip through one path of UART pin, the utilization rate of the UART pin of the main control chip is improved, and the selectivity of the 485 communication circuit whether the slave machine needs to resist interference is improved.
The following describes an exemplary implementation process of the scheme of the present invention with reference to the examples shown in fig. 2 to 5.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a communication circuit for multi-way listening and control. As shown in fig. 2, the communication circuit for multi-way listening and controlling includes: slave 1, master controller 6, and master controller module (CN) of communication module3)4. The number of the slaves 1 connected to the RS485 chip 2 may be plural.
Among them, in the host controller 6, there are provided: an RS485 chip 2 (i.e. a chip U8) and peripheral circuits thereof, a communication interface (COM-PC) of a host computer, and a main control chip (such as a main MCU)3 of the host computer. The peripheral circuit of RS485 chip 2 includes: pull-up resistor R68, pull-up resistor R69, pull-down resistor R76 and pull-down resistor R70. The master controller module 4 of the communication module is provided with a master control chip 5 of the communication module (i.e., a control chip IC2 of the slave) and a communication interface (CN) of the communication module3). The RS485 communication circuit includes: an RS485 chip (namely a 485 communication chip U8), a pull-up resistor R68, a pull-up resistor R69, a pull-down resistor R76 and a pull-down resistor R70, wherein the pull-up resistor R68 and the pull-up resistor R69 are respectively connected with a pin 1 and a pin 4 of the RS485 chip, and a signal is pulled up to a high level in a circuit; the pull-down resistor R76 and the pull-down resistor R70 are respectively connected with the pin 2 and the pin 3 of the RS485 chip, and pull down signals to low level in the circuit.
Pins A and B of the slave 1 are correspondingly connected to pins 6 and 7 of the RS485 chip 2. The 8 pins of the RS485 chip 2 are connected with a direct current power supply VCC, the 2 pins of the RS485 chip 2 are grounded, the 1 pin of the RS485 chip 2 is connected with the direct current power supply VCC through a pull-up resistor R68, and the 4 pins of the RS485 chip 2 are connected with the direct current power supply VCC through a pull-up resistor R69. Pin 2 of the RS485 chip 2 is grounded through a pull-down resistor R76, and pin 3 of the RS485 chip 2 is grounded through a pull-down resistor R70. Pin 1 of the RS485 chip 2 is also connected to RXD pin (i.e. data receiving pin) of the main control chip 3 of the host, pin 2 of the RS485 chip 2 is also connected to INV pin (level inversion pin) of the main control chip 3 of the host, pin 3 of the RS485 chip 2 is also connected to the main control chip 3 of the hostThe DE pin (i.e., the driver output enable pin of the RS485 chip), and the 4 pins of the RS485 chip 2 are also connected to the TXD pin (i.e., the data transmission pin) of the main control chip 3 of the host. The 1 pin of the RS485 chip 2 is also connected with a 2 nd wiring terminal of a communication interface (COM-PC) of the host, the 4 pin of the RS485 chip 2 is also connected with a 3 rd wiring terminal of the communication interface (COM-PC) of the host, the 1 st wiring terminal of the communication interface (COM-PC) of the host is grounded, and the 4 th wiring terminal of the communication interface (COM-PC) of the host is connected with a direct current power supply VCC. 1 st connection terminal of communication interface (COM-PC) of host computer, communication interface (CN) for connecting communication module3) The 1 st connection terminal of (2); the 2 nd connection terminal of the communication interface (COM-PC) of the host computer, the communication interface (CN) of the communication module3) The 2 nd connection terminal of (1); the 3 rd connection terminal of the communication interface (COM-PC) of the host computer, the communication interface (CN) of the communication module3) The 3 rd connection terminal of (1); the 4 th connection terminal of the communication interface (COM-PC) of the host computer, the communication interface (CN) of the communication module3) The 4 th connection terminal of (1). Communication interface (CN) of communication module3) The 2 nd connecting terminal of (2) is connected with a JRXD pin (a communication module receiving pin) of a main control chip 5 of the communication module; communication interface (CN) of communication module3) The 3 rd connection terminal of (1) is connected to a JTXD pin (communication module transmission pin) of the main control chip 5 of the communication module.
In the example shown in fig. 2, two master control chips (e.g., the master control chip 3 of the master computer and the control chip IC2 of the slave computer) simultaneously control the transmission and reception of one RS485 chip:
a receiving pin of the RS485 chip 2 is respectively connected with a communication module and a receiving pin of a main MCU (namely a main control chip 3); and a transmitting pin of the RS485 chip 2 is respectively connected with the communication module and a transmitting pin of the main MCU. And a receiving pin and a sending pin of the RS485 chip 2 are used for receiving and sending data and simultaneously realizing signal conversion. The pull-up resistor R68 and the pull-up resistor R69 are respectively connected with the pin 1 and the pin 4 of the RS485 chip, and pull up a signal to a high level in the communication circuit; the pull-down resistor R76 and the pull-down resistor R70 are connected to pin 2 and pin 3 of the RS485 chip 2, respectively, and pull down a signal to a low level in the communication circuit.
Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of a communication waveform of the RS485 chip. An R pin (namely an RO pin) of the RS485 chip 2 is an output pin of a receiver, a D pin (namely a DI pin) of the RS485 chip 2 is an input pin of a driver, and when the RS485 chip is connected with the single chip microcomputer, the R pin and the D pin are only required to be respectively connected with RXD and TXD of the single chip microcomputer; when the DE pin is logic 1, the device is in a sending state; the pin A of the RS485 chip 2 and the pin B of the RS485 chip 2 are differential signal terminals for receiving and sending respectively, and when the level of the pin A is higher than that of the pin B, the data sent is represented as 1; when the level of the a pin is lower than that of the B pin, it represents that the transmitted data is 0.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication module when transmitting data. As shown in fig. 4, the communication module transmits, is received by the control chip MCU (i.e. the main control chip 3 of the host):
the communication module sends data, when the data that communication module sent are high level (or low level), RS485 chip pin D department is high level (or low level), high level (or low level) signal is input from RS485 chip pin D department, high level (or low level) signal is through RS485 chip conversion back, export from RS485 chip reading end R department, high level (or low level) signal is received by MCU and IC2 receiving pin respectively, when realizing control, accomplish the control to the data that send.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a communication module receiving data. As shown in fig. 5, the communication module receives and transmits the data from the host control chip MCU (i.e., the host control chip 3 of the host):
when the MCU in the circuit transmits data and the MCU transmission pin outputs high level (or low level), the input voltage at the pin D of the RS485 chip is also high level (or low level), and after the high level (or low level) signal is converted by the RS485 chip, the high level (or low level) signal is respectively received by the main MCU and the communication module. The communication module realizes data monitoring.
In the examples shown in fig. 4 and 5, a is 485 bus data a; b is 485 bus data B; r: a receive pin of 485; INV: a level overturning pin; DE: 485 data transmission enable pins; d: 485 data transmit pin.
In the above embodiment, the communication circuit for multi-channel monitoring and control may be a controller with a chip power supply voltage of 3.3V (or 5V), a communication detection board with a power supply input voltage of 12V (or 5V), or a communication detection board with a chip power supply voltage of 3.3V (or 5V). When a pull-up resistor needs to be connected in the circuit, the power supply voltage of the pull-up resistor is consistent with the power supply of the MCU.
In the above embodiment, the slave 1 and the circuit connected to the communication RS485 chip 2 are adjusted according to actual use conditions, and the circuit can be designed by itself to meet the 485 communication requirement.
In some embodiments, the overall implementation of the inventive approach is as follows:
in normal communication and host roll calling, a host terminal TX (namely a data transmission pin) performs slave data roll calling, and when the slave is roll called, the host terminal controls to start transmission enabling so that roll calling data are in enabling signal envelope; when the slave replies, the master sends an enable signal to be pulled down, the RS485 chip enters a receiving state, and after the slave receives the master data, the slave replies the master data in the stage of sending the enable signal to be pulled down by the RS485 chip.
However, when a new slave is connected, the slave does not need the 485 communication circuit to resist interference, in the example shown in fig. 2, the main control chip 5 of the communication module is directly connected between the host and the 485 communication circuit, and at this time, the TX of the slave is not connected to the RX (i.e., the data receiving pin) of the host, but the TX is connected to the TX, and the RX is connected to the RX. When the slave without the RS485 chip communicates with the host, the host roll calling step is normal as described above, when the slave without the RS485 chip communicates with the host, the host enters a response stage after the roll calling of the slave is finished, the sending enable of the RS485 chip is still kept pulled high, and when the sending enable of the RS485 chip is pulled high, signals of an RX end and a TX end of the RS485 chip are kept consistent. The reply signals of the slave can be synchronized to the reply signals on the RX line through the particularity of the RS485 chip (namely, when the sending enable of the RS485 chip is pulled high, the signals of the RX end and the TX end of the RS485 chip are kept consistent). The reply signal from the slave can be transmitted to the RX of the master UART, and the master can be configured to perform a read operation, according to the example shown in fig. 3. In addition, two types of slaves (namely the slave with the RS485 chip and the slave without the RS485 chip) can be accumulated, and new slave communication can be achieved only by adjusting the communication time sequence of the master.
Wherein, the accumulation here refers to the number of the slave machines, namely the slave machines without communication of RS485 chips. Because the data on the RX and the data on the TX of the RS485 chip are consistent when the writing is enabled, namely when the DE chip selection signal is pulled high. By utilizing the characteristic, when the host performs roll calling on the slave without the RS485 chip, the DE chip selection signal is normally pulled up to write enable, and when the slave replies, special operation is performed at the moment, the DE write enable is pulled up to enable the data replied on the RX line of the slave without the RS485 chip (here, because the RS485 chip and the MCU are normally connected, namely RX is connected with TX and TX is connected with RX, but the slave without the RS485 chip and the MCU are reversely connected, namely RX is connected with RX and TX, and the slaves are in the same communication network, namely the slave with the RS485 chip and the slave without the RS485 chip are connected with TX and TX are connected with RX by the RX of the RS485 chip) to enable the data of the TX end of the RS485 chip to be synchronized to RX by the write enable of the RS485 chip, namely: the reply signal is synchronized to the network of the two lines of reading and writing, so that when the master control MCU and the slave RX without the RS485 chip are connected with RX, the TX signal of the slave without the RS485 chip can be read.
After the slave is connected into the communication circuit, a pull-up resistor for protecting signals cannot be arranged to prevent communication data from being damaged, when the slave is normally communicated with the RS485 chip, reading of the UART circuit is pull-up input and push-pull output, and at the moment, in order to guarantee communication characteristics, the UART circuit is configured to be suspended input and open-drain output. For example: according to the write enable of the RS485 chip, data received by the RX data end of the 485 chip can be synchronized to the TX end of the 485 chip. And configuring the read of the UART line as a floating input and an open-drain output.
Since the processing and functions implemented by the unit of this embodiment substantially correspond to the embodiments, principles, and examples of the apparatus shown in fig. 1, the description of this embodiment is not given in detail, and reference may be made to the related descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, which are not described herein again.
Through a large number of tests, the technical scheme of the invention is adopted, and under the condition that the UART pins of the main control chip are limited, the receiving pins of the RS485 chip are respectively connected with the sending pins of the external communication module and the sending pins of the main control chip, and the sending pins of the RS485 chip are respectively connected with the sending pins of the external communication module and the sending pins of the main control chip, so that the external communication module can monitor and control the data of the host and all the slave machines, the data monitoring and control of the host and a plurality of the slave machines can be realized, and under the condition that the UART pins of the main control chip are insufficient, the resource utilization rate of the main control chip is improved, and the cost for developing products is reduced.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the communication control method of the unit corresponding to the unit is also provided. The communication control method of the unit can comprise the following steps: when the host calls the name of the slave, controlling the host to start transmission enabling; when the slave machine responds, the sending enable of the host machine is pulled down, the RS485 chip in the second communication module enters a receiving state, and after the slave machine receives the roll-call data of the slave machine sent by the host machine, the slave machine responds to the host machine in the stage of the sending enable of the RS485 chip being pulled down.
Specifically, during normal communication and host roll call, a host terminal TX (namely a data transmission pin) performs slave data roll call, and when the slave is roll called, the host terminal controls to start transmission enable so that roll call data are in enable signal envelope; when the slave replies, the master sends an enable signal to be pulled down, the RS485 chip enters a receiving state, and after the slave receives the master data, the slave replies the master data in the stage of sending the enable signal to be pulled down by the RS485 chip.
In some embodiments, further comprising: under the condition of accessing a new slave machine, the new slave machine is directly connected to the main control module of the host machine, after the host machine finishes roll calling the new slave machine, the new slave machine enters a stage of responding to roll calling data of the new slave machine sent by the host machine, the sending enabling pull-up of the RS485 chip is kept, and signals of a receiving pin and a sending pin of the RS485 chip are kept consistent; and transmitting the response signal of the new slave to a receiving pin in the UART pin of the host to enable the host to carry out reading operation.
Specifically, when a slave is newly connected, the slave does not need the 485 communication circuit to resist interference, the master control chip 5 of the communication module is directly connected between the host and the 485 communication circuit, and at this time, the TX of the slave is not connected to the RX (i.e., a data receiving pin) of the host, but the TX is connected to the TX, and the RX is connected to the RX. When the slave without the RS485 chip communicates with the host, the host roll calling step is normal as described above, when the slave without the RS485 chip communicates with the host, the host enters a response stage after the roll calling of the slave is finished, the sending enable of the RS485 chip is still kept pulled high, and when the sending enable of the RS485 chip is pulled high, signals of an RX end and a TX end of the RS485 chip are kept consistent. The reply signals of the slave can be synchronized to the reply signals on the RX line through the particularity of the RS485 chip (namely, when the sending enable of the RS485 chip is pulled high, the signals of the RX end and the TX end of the RS485 chip are kept consistent). The reply signal from the slave can then be transmitted to the RX of the host UART, which can then configure the host for a read operation. In addition, two types of slaves (namely the slave with the RS485 chip and the slave without the RS485 chip) can be accumulated, and new slave communication can be achieved only by adjusting the communication time sequence of the master.
In some embodiments, further comprising: and under the condition that the slave is connected to the second communication module, the UART line of the host is configured to be a floating input and an open-drain output.
Specifically, after the slave is connected to the communication circuit, a pull-up resistor and a pull-down resistor for protecting signals cannot be provided, so that damage to communication data is prevented, when the slave is normally communicated with the RS485 chip, the read of the UART line is a pull-up input and a push-pull output, and at this time, in order to ensure the communication characteristic, the slave is configured to be a floating input and an open-drain output.
Since the processing and functions implemented by the method of this embodiment basically correspond to the embodiments, principles and examples of the unit, reference may be made to the related descriptions in the foregoing embodiments without being detailed in the description of this embodiment.
Through a large number of tests, the technical scheme of the embodiment is adopted, under the condition that the UART pins of the main control chip are limited, the receiving pins of the RS485 chip are respectively connected with the sending pins of the external communication module and the sending pins of the main control chip, and the sending pins of the RS485 chip are respectively connected with the sending pins of the external communication module and the sending pins of the main control chip, so that the external communication module can monitor and control data of the host and all the slaves, when the host is communicated with the remote slave comprising the RS485 chip through one path of UART pins, the communication with the slave without the communication circuit of the RS485 chip at the near end is realized synchronously, the utilization rate of the UART pins of the chips is improved, and the selectivity of whether the slave needs the anti-interference 485 communication circuit is improved.
In summary, it is readily understood by those skilled in the art that the advantageous modes described above can be freely combined and superimposed without conflict.
The above description is only an example of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention, and it is obvious to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. A communication control apparatus of an assembly, characterized in that the assembly comprises: a master and a slave; the host is provided with a main control module; the communication control device of the unit comprises: a first communication module and a second communication module; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the transmission pin of the first communication module is connected to the transmission pin of the main control module; the sending pin is a communication interface used for sending data;
the receiving pin of the first communication module is connected to the receiving pin of the main control module; the receiving pin is a communication interface for receiving data;
the second communication module is connected to the main control module;
the master control module is configured to send a first control instruction to control the slave;
the first communication module is configured to monitor the operation states of the master machine and the slave machine under the condition that the master control module controls the slave machine; under the condition that the master control module does not control the slave machine, sending a second control instruction, controlling the host machine and the slave machine, and monitoring the running states of the host machine and the slave machine;
the second communication module is configured to perform anti-interference processing on the first control instruction sent by the main control module under the condition that the main control module sends the first control instruction; and under the condition that the first communication module sends the second control instruction, performing anti-interference processing on the second control instruction sent by the main control module.
2. The communication control device of the unit according to claim 1, wherein the number of the slave devices is one or more;
when the number of the slave machines is one, the slave machines are connected to the main control module through the second communication module;
when the number of the slave machines is more than two, if the distance between the slave machine and the host machine is within a set distance range, the slave machine is directly connected to the main control module or is connected to the main control module through the second communication module; and if the direct distance between the slave machine and the host machine is beyond the set distance range, the slave machine is connected to the main control module through the second communication module.
3. The communication control apparatus of an assembly according to claim 2, wherein,
the sending pin of the slave is connected to the sending pin of the main control module under the condition that the slave is directly connected to the main control module; the receiving pin of the slave machine is connected to the receiving pin of the main control module;
the communication interface of the slave machine is connected to the differential signal interface of the second communication module under the condition that the slave machine is connected to the main control module through the second communication module; the sending pin of the second communication module is connected to the receiving pin of the main control module; the receiving pin of the second communication module is connected to the sending pin of the main control module; the transmission pin of the first communication module is connected to the transmission pin of the main control module; the receiving pin of the first communication module is connected to the receiving pin of the main control module; the transmitting pin of the main control module and the receiving pin of the main control module are used as one path of UART pins of the main control module and are respectively connected to the first communication module and the second communication module.
4. The communication control device of a unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the first communication module comprises: the device comprises a control chip and a first communication interface; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the control chip is connected to the main control module through the first communication interface.
5. The communication control device of a unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the master control module comprises: the main control chip and the second communication interface; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the main control chip is connected to the second communication module; the main control chip is connected to the first communication module through the second communication interface.
6. The communication control device of a unit according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the second communication module comprises: the system comprises an RS485 communication chip, a first pull-up module, a second pull-up module, a first pull-down module and a second pull-down module; the RS485 communication chip is an RS485 chip without receiving enabling; wherein the content of the first and second substances,
the R pin of the RS485 chip is connected with a direct current power supply through the first pull-up module and is also connected to a receiving pin of the main control module;
the INV pin of the RS485 chip is grounded after passing through the first pull-down module and is also connected to the INV pin of the main control module;
the DE pin of the RS485 chip is grounded after passing through the second pull-down module and is also connected to the DE pin of the main control module;
and the D pin of the RS485 chip is connected with a direct-current power supply after passing through the second pull-up module and is also connected to a sending pin of the main control module.
7. The communication control device of the assembly according to claim 6, wherein the first communication module controls the master and the slave and monitors the operation states of the master and the slave, and includes:
under the condition that the level of a second control instruction sent by the first communication module and received by the main control module is a first set level, the position of a pin D of the RS485 chip is the first set level; the second control instruction is processed by the RS485 chip and then received by the main control module and the first communication module from the R pin of the RS485 chip, so that the control of the host and the slave is realized, and the running states of the host and the slave are monitored; the first setting level is a high level or a low level.
8. The communication control device of the assembly according to claim 6, wherein the first communication module monitors the operation status of the master and the slave, and further comprises:
under the condition that the first communication module receives the first control command and the first control command is sent by the main control module, if a first control command sent by the main control module is a first set level, the position of a pin D of the RS485 chip is the first set level; and the signals of a first set level obtained after the first control instruction is processed by the RS485 chip are respectively received by the main control module and the first communication module, so that the monitoring of the running states of the host and the slave is realized.
9. An assembly, comprising: communication control device of a unit according to any of claims 1 to 8.
10. A communication control method of an assembly according to claim 9, comprising:
when the host calls the name of the slave, controlling the host to start transmission enabling; when the slave machine responds, the sending enable of the host machine is pulled down, the RS485 chip in the second communication module enters a receiving state, and after the slave machine receives the roll-call data of the slave machine sent by the host machine, the slave machine responds to the host machine in the stage of the sending enable of the RS485 chip being pulled down.
11. The communication control method for an assembly according to claim 10, further comprising:
under the condition of accessing a new slave machine, the new slave machine is directly connected to the main control module of the host machine, after the host machine finishes roll calling the new slave machine, the new slave machine enters a stage of responding to roll calling data of the new slave machine sent by the host machine, the sending enabling pull-up of the RS485 chip is kept, and signals of a receiving pin and a sending pin of the RS485 chip are kept consistent; and transmitting the response signal of the new slave to a receiving pin in the UART pin of the host to enable the host to carry out reading operation.
12. The communication control method for an assembly according to claim 10 or 11, further comprising:
and under the condition that the slave is connected to the second communication module, the UART line of the host is configured to be a floating input and an open-drain output.
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| CN114726494A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-07-08 | 深圳拓邦股份有限公司 | uart interface circuit, uart communication method and apparatus |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN114726494A (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2022-07-08 | 深圳拓邦股份有限公司 | uart interface circuit, uart communication method and apparatus |
| CN114726494B (en) * | 2022-03-04 | 2024-03-29 | 深圳拓邦股份有限公司 | UART interface circuit, UART communication method and device |
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