CN113252867B - Clay content calculating method and device - Google Patents
Clay content calculating method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113252867B CN113252867B CN202010086369.4A CN202010086369A CN113252867B CN 113252867 B CN113252867 B CN 113252867B CN 202010086369 A CN202010086369 A CN 202010086369A CN 113252867 B CN113252867 B CN 113252867B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
- G01N33/24—Earth materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/088—Investigating volume, surface area, size or distribution of pores; Porosimetry
Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a device for calculating clay content, wherein the method comprises the following steps: classifying rock in a preset work area according to mineral components, wherein the rock comprises: sandy minerals, clay minerals, and fluids. The densities of the sandy minerals and clay minerals are taken as the densities of the rock to obtain a first porosity of the rock. The propagation velocity of the sound wave in the sandy minerals is taken as the propagation velocity of the sound wave in the rock to obtain a second porosity of the rock. A third porosity indicative of clay content in the rock is obtained from the first porosity and the second porosity. The method has the advantages that the calculation process is simple, the calculated average coincidence rate of the clay content and the logging result is high, and the proportion of the clay content in the rock can be effectively reflected.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas exploration, in particular to a method and a device for calculating clay content.
Background
Reservoirs refer to rock formations having interconnected pores that allow oil and gas to be stored and percolated therein, most of the oil and gas reserves that have been found to be derived from sedimentary rock formations are most important with a sandstone reservoir, the reservoir capacity of which is primarily affected by its clay content and total porosity. A conglomerate reservoir with a large total porosity and a low clay content is highly productive and is commonly referred to as a high quality reservoir. The clay content is not only a key parameter of petrophysical modeling, but also a criterion of a high-quality reservoir, so that calculation of the clay content in a clastic reservoir is very important for subsequent reservoir evaluation and improvement of oil and gas field development effects.
In the prior art, a characteristic curve is generally adopted to estimate the clay content, for example, a gamma or resistivity single curve can be adopted to estimate the clay content, a multi-curve optimization algorithm can be used to estimate the clay content based on a logging response equation, the estimation process is complex, the estimated clay content has a low average coincidence rate with logging results, and the proportion of the clay content in the sandstone cannot be effectively reflected.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the invention provides a method for calculating the clay content, which has simple calculation process, and the calculated average coincidence rate of the clay content and a logging result is higher, so that the proportion of the clay content in rock can be effectively reflected, and the method comprises the following steps:
classifying rock in a predetermined work area according to mineral composition, the rock comprising: sandy minerals, clay minerals and fluids;
taking the densities of the sandy minerals and the clay minerals as the densities of the rock to obtain a first porosity of the rock;
taking the propagation speed of the sound wave in the sandy minerals as the propagation speed of the sound wave in the rock so as to obtain second porosity of the rock;
a third porosity indicative of clay content in the rock is obtained from the first porosity and the second porosity.
Optionally, the first porosity σ 1 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein sigma 1 For a first porosity ρ Skeleton frame Is the density ρ of sandy minerals and clay minerals Fluid body Where ρ is the bulk density of the rock, which is the density of the fluid.
Optionally, the second porosity sigma 2 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein sigma 2 Is of a second porosity, v Sandy minerals V is the propagation velocity of sound waves in sandy minerals Fluid body V is the propagation velocity of the sound wave in the rock.
Optionally, the obtaining a third porosity representing clay content in the rock according to the first porosity and the second porosity includes:
and performing difference operation on the second porosity and the first porosity to obtain a third porosity used for representing the clay content in the rock.
Optionally, the method further comprises:
and correcting the third porosity.
Optionally, the corrected clay content VCL is calculated according to the formula:
VCL＝Pore(AC)×[2-2×Pore(DEN)]-Pore(DEN)
wherein VCL is the clay content in the rock, i.e. the third porosity; pore (AC) is the content of sand minerals removed from the rock, i.e. the second porosity; pore (DEN) is the content of sand minerals and clay minerals removed from the rock, i.e. the first porosity.
The embodiment of the invention also provides a device for calculating the clay content, which has simple calculation process, higher average coincidence rate of the calculated clay content and logging results and can effectively reflect the proportion of the clay content in the rock, and the device comprises:
the classification module is used for classifying rocks in a preset work area according to mineral components, and the rocks comprise: sandy minerals, clay minerals and fluids;
a first porosity acquisition module for taking the densities of the sandy minerals and the clay minerals as the densities of the rock to obtain a first porosity of the rock;
a second porosity acquisition module for taking the propagation speed of the sound wave in the sandy mineral as the propagation speed of the sound wave in the rock to obtain a second porosity of the rock;
a third porosity acquisition module for acquiring a third porosity representing clay content in the rock based on the first porosity and the second porosity.
Optionally, the first porosity σ 1 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein sigma 1 For a first porosity ρ Skeleton frame Is the density ρ of sandy minerals and clay minerals Fluid body Where ρ is the bulk density of the rock, which is the density of the fluid.
Optionally, the second porosity sigma 2 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein sigma 2 Is of a second porosity, v Sandy minerals V is the propagation velocity of sound waves in sandy minerals Fluid body V is the propagation velocity of the sound wave in the rock.
Optionally, the third porosity acquisition module is further configured to:
and performing difference operation on the second porosity and the first porosity to obtain a third porosity used for representing the clay content in the rock.
Optionally, the apparatus further includes:
and the correction module is used for performing correction processing on the third porosity.
Optionally, the corrected clay content VCL is calculated according to the formula:
VCL＝Pore(AC)×[2-2×Pore(DEN)]-Pore(DEN)
wherein VCL is the clay content in the rock, i.e. the third porosity; pore (AC) is the content of sand minerals removed from the rock, i.e. the second porosity; pore (DEN) is the content of sand minerals and clay minerals removed from the rock, i.e. the first porosity.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the method when executing the computer program.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the above method.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the rock in the preset working area is classified according to the mineral components, the density of the classified sandy minerals and clay minerals is used as the density of the rock, the first porosity of the rock is obtained, the propagation speed of sound waves in the sandy minerals is used as the propagation speed of sound waves in the rock, the second porosity of the rock is obtained, the clay content in the rock can be obtained according to the first porosity and the second porosity, the calculation process is simple, the calculated average coincidence rate of the clay content and the logging result is high, and the proportion occupied by the clay content in the rock can be effectively reflected.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art. In the drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flowchart of a method for calculating clay content in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a method for calculating clay content according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a device for calculating clay content according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a clay content calculating apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an exemplary plot of clay content for a predetermined work area using a gamma curve;
FIG. 6 is a graph showing an example of clay content in a predetermined work area obtained by using a clay content calculation method according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a graph showing an example of clay content of a predetermined work area obtained by laboratory analysis.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions herein are for the purpose of explaining the present invention, but are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a method for calculating clay content according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 1, where the calculating method includes:
step 101, classifying rocks in a preset work area according to mineral components, wherein the rocks comprise: sandy minerals, clay minerals, and fluids.
In an embodiment, the sandy minerals comprise: quartz, calcite, dolomite, etc. Clay minerals include: montmorillonite, illite, and the like. The fluid comprises: oil, gas, water, etc.
And 102, taking the densities of the sandy minerals and the clay minerals as the densities of the rock to obtain the first porosity of the rock.
Step 102 is described below by taking a Pascal basin as an example:
under the same physical conditions and burial depth, the density of quartz is 2.65g/cm 3 Calcite density of 2.71g/cm 3 The density of dolomite is 2.87g/cm 3 The density of montmorillonite is 2-3g/cm3, and the density of illite is 2.6-2.9g/cm 3 Between them, the density of crude oil is 0.82-1.09g/cm 3 The density of water is 1.0g/cm 3 But the fluid (hydrocarbon water, etc.) is only present in the pores, whereas the porosity of conventional sandstone rocks is generally not more than 20%. It is thus approximately assumed that the density of rock is that of sandy minerals and clay minerals. The first porosity calculated from the density of the rock is representative of the content of sand minerals and clay minerals removed from the rock, in particular the first porosity sigma 1 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein sigma 1 For a first porosity ρ Skeleton frame Is the density ρ of sandy minerals and clay minerals Fluid body Where ρ is the bulk density of the rock, which is the density of the fluid.
And 103, taking the propagation speed of the sound wave in the sandy minerals as the propagation speed of the sound wave in the rock so as to obtain the second porosity of the rock.
Based on step 102, under the same physical conditions and burial depth, the acoustic wave propagates at a speed of 6050m/s in quartz, 6640m/s in calcite, 7370m/s in dolomite, 3510m/s in illite and montmorillonite, 1473m/s in water, 1270m/s in crude oil, and 340m/s in gas. But the fluid (hydrocarbon water, etc.) is only present in the pores, whereas the porosity of conventional sandstone rocks is generally not more than 20%. Therefore, the propagation speed of the sound wave in the sandy minerals (such as calcite, dolomite and the like) is far higher than that in other media (clay minerals, fluid and the like), and the propagation speed of the sound wave in the rock can be approximately considered to be that of the sandy mineralsSpeed of propagation in the object. The second porosity calculated by the propagation velocity of the acoustic wave in the sandy mineral can be representative of the content of the sandy mineral removed from the rock, in particular the second porosity sigma 2 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein sigma 2 Is of a second porosity, v Sandy minerals V is the propagation velocity of sound waves in sandy minerals Fluid body V is the propagation velocity of the sound wave in the rock.
Step 104, obtaining a third porosity representing clay content in the rock according to the first porosity and the second porosity.
In an embodiment, step 104 comprises: and performing difference operation on the second porosity and the first porosity to obtain a third porosity used for representing the clay content in the rock.
Based on step 102 and step 103, a third porosity σ is known 3 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
σ 3 ＝σ 2 -σ 1
since the first porosity may represent the content of removed sandy minerals and clay minerals in the rock and the second porosity may represent the content of removed sandy minerals in the rock, a difference operation is performed between the second porosity and the first porosity to obtain a third porosity representing the clay content in the rock.
Based on the above, according to the method, the rock in the preset work area is classified according to the mineral components, the density of the classified sandy minerals and clay minerals is used as the density of the rock, the first porosity of the rock is obtained, the propagation speed of sound waves in the sandy minerals is used as the propagation speed of sound waves in the rock, the second porosity of the rock is obtained, the clay content in the rock can be obtained according to the first porosity and the second porosity, the calculation process is simple, the calculated average coincidence rate of the clay content and the logging result is high, and the proportion occupied by the clay content in the rock can be effectively reflected.
Since the algorithm of two approximations is used in the process of obtaining the first porosity and the second porosity, in order to further ensure the accuracy of the calculated clay content, as shown in fig. 2, the calculation method further includes:
and step 201, performing correction processing on the third porosity.
In this embodiment, the correction processing is performed on the third porosity, that is, the correction processing is performed on the clay content.
In the specific implementation, a correction coefficient A needs to be introduced to obtain the following calculation formula of clay content VCL:
VCL＝Pore(AC)×A-Pore(DEN)
wherein VCL is the clay content in the rock, i.e. the third porosity; pore (AC) is the content of sand minerals removed from the rock, i.e. the second porosity; pore (DEN) is the content of sand minerals and clay minerals removed from the rock, i.e. the first porosity.
Regarding the correction coefficient A, the sound wave and density under different rock models can be calculated by establishing a petrophysical model (the change range of clay content of the model is 0-30%) under different porosities (the change range of porosity is 0-30%), and then calculating the clay content change of the model by using a series of correction coefficients, and finally determining that the correction coefficient A is:
A＝2-2×Pore(DEN)
and further obtaining a corrected clay content VCL calculation formula:
VCL＝Pore(AC)×[2-2×Pore(DEN)]-Pore(DEN)
fig. 5 is a graph showing an example of clay content of a predetermined work area estimated using a gamma curve according to the related art, fig. 6 is a graph showing an example of clay content of a predetermined work area calculated using the calculation method of the present invention, and fig. 7 is a graph showing an example of clay content of a predetermined work area obtained through laboratory analysis. As can be seen by comparing fig. 5, 6 and 7: the clay content obtained by the method can more accurately reflect the distribution range of the high-quality reservoir, and the clay content is more consistent with the trend of laboratory research results.
Based on the same inventive concept, the embodiment of the invention also provides a device for calculating the clay content, as described in the following embodiment. Since the principle of solving the problem by the clay content calculating device is similar to that of the clay content calculating method, the implementation of the clay content calculating device can be referred to the implementation of the clay content calculating method, and the repetition is omitted. As used below, the term "unit" or "module" may be a combination of software and/or hardware that implements the intended function. While the means described in the following embodiments are preferably implemented in software, implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware, is also possible and contemplated.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a device for calculating clay content according to an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, the device includes:
a classification module 301, configured to classify rock in a preset work area according to mineral components, where the rock includes: sandy minerals, clay minerals and fluids;
a first porosity acquisition module 302 for taking the densities of the sandy minerals and the clay minerals as the densities of the rock to obtain a first porosity of the rock;
a second porosity acquisition module 303, configured to take a propagation speed of an acoustic wave in the sandy mineral as a propagation speed of the acoustic wave in the rock, so as to obtain a second porosity of the rock;
a third porosity acquisition module 304 for acquiring a third porosity representing clay content in the rock based on the first porosity and the second porosity.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the first porosity σ 1 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein sigma 1 For a first porosity ρ Skeleton frame Is the density ρ of sandy minerals and clay minerals Fluid body Where ρ is the bulk density of the rock, which is the density of the fluid.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the second porosity σ 2 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein sigma 2 Is of a second porosity, v Sandy minerals V is the propagation velocity of sound waves in sandy minerals Fluid body V is the propagation velocity of the sound wave in the rock.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the third porosity acquisition module 304 is further configured to:
and performing difference operation on the second porosity and the first porosity to obtain a third porosity used for representing the clay content in the rock.
In an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 4, the apparatus further includes:
a correction module 401, configured to perform correction processing on the third porosity.
In the embodiment of the invention, the corrected clay content VCL calculation formula:
VCL＝Pore(AC)×[2-2×Pore(DEN)]-Pore(DEN)
wherein VCL is the clay content in the rock, i.e. the third porosity; pore (AC) is the content of sand minerals removed from the rock, i.e. the second porosity; pore (DEN) is the content of sand minerals and clay minerals removed from the rock, i.e. the first porosity.
The embodiment of the invention also provides computer equipment, which comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and capable of running on the processor, wherein the processor realizes the method when executing the computer program.
Embodiments of the present invention also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program for executing the above method.
It will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a method, system, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present invention may take the form of an entirely hardware embodiment, an entirely software embodiment or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, the present invention may take the form of a computer program product embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, and the like) having computer-usable program code embodied therein.
The present invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems) and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It will be understood that each flow and/or block of the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, and combinations of flows and/or blocks in the flowchart illustrations and/or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions may be provided to a processor of a general purpose computer, special purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, create means for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable memory produce an article of manufacture including instruction means which implement the function specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing apparatus to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable apparatus to produce a computer implemented process such that the instructions which execute on the computer or other programmable apparatus provide steps for implementing the functions specified in the flowchart flow or flows and/or block diagram block or blocks.
The foregoing description of the embodiments has been provided for the purpose of illustrating the general principles of the invention, and is not meant to limit the scope of the invention, but to limit the invention to the particular embodiments, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements, etc. that fall within the spirit and principles of the invention are intended to be included within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for calculating clay content, comprising:
classifying rock in a predetermined work area according to mineral composition, the rock comprising: sandy minerals, clay minerals and fluids;
taking the densities of the sandy minerals and the clay minerals as the densities of the rock to obtain a first porosity of the rock;
taking the propagation speed of the sound wave in the sandy minerals as the propagation speed of the sound wave in the rock so as to obtain second porosity of the rock;
obtaining a third porosity indicative of clay content in the rock from the first porosity and the second porosity;
further comprises: performing correction processing on the third porosity;
the corrected clay content VCL calculation formula:
VCL＝Pore(AC)×[2-2xPore(DEN)]-Pore(DEN)
wherein VCL is the clay content in the rock, i.e. the third porosity; pore (AC) is the content of sand minerals removed from the rock, i.e. the second porosity; pore (DEN) is the content of sand minerals and clay minerals removed from the rock, i.e. the first porosity; a is a correction coefficient; the correction coefficient A is obtained by building rock physical models under different porosities, calculating sound waves and densities under different rock models by using an Xu-White algorithm, and then reversely calculating clay content change of the model by using a series of correction coefficients, wherein the correction coefficient A is determined as follows: a=2-2 x Pore (DEN).
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the first porosity σ 1 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein sigma 1 For a first porosity ρ Skeleton frame Is the density ρ of sandy minerals and clay minerals Fluid body Where ρ is the bulk density of the rock, which is the density of the fluid.
3. The method of claim 1, wherein the second porosity σ 2 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein sigma 2 Is of a second porosity, v Sandy minerals V is the propagation velocity of sound waves in sandy minerals Fluid body V is the propagation velocity of sound waves in the rock, which is the propagation velocity of sound waves in the fluid.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein the obtaining a third porosity representative of clay content in the rock from the first porosity and the second porosity comprises:
and performing difference operation on the second porosity and the first porosity to obtain a third porosity used for representing the clay content in the rock.
5. A clay content calculation device, comprising:
the classification module is used for classifying rocks in a preset work area according to mineral components, and the rocks comprise: sandy minerals, clay minerals and fluids;
a first porosity acquisition module for taking the densities of the sandy minerals and the clay minerals as the densities of the rock to obtain a first porosity of the rock;
a second porosity acquisition module for taking the propagation speed of the sound wave in the sandy mineral as the propagation speed of the sound wave in the rock to obtain a second porosity of the rock;
a third porosity acquisition module for acquiring a third porosity representing clay content in the rock from the first porosity and the second porosity;
further comprises: the correction module is used for performing correction processing on the third porosity;
the corrected clay content VCL calculation formula:
VCL＝Pore(AC)×[2-2xPore(DEN)]-Pore(DEN)
wherein VCL is the clay content in the rock, i.e. the third porosity; pore (AC) is the content of sand minerals removed from the rock, i.e. the second porosity; pore (DEN) is the content of sand minerals and clay minerals removed from the rock, i.e. the first porosity; a is a correction coefficient; the correction coefficient A is obtained by building rock physical models under different porosities, calculating sound waves and densities under different rock models by using an Xu-White algorithm, and then reversely calculating clay content change of the model by using a series of correction coefficients, wherein the correction coefficient A is determined as follows: a=2-2 x Pore (DEN).
6. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the first porosity σ 1 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein sigma 1 For a first porosity ρ Skeleton frame Is the density ρ of sandy minerals and clay minerals Fluid body Where ρ is the bulk density of the rock, which is the density of the fluid.
7. Such asThe apparatus of claim 5, wherein the second porosity σ 2 The calculation formula of (2) is as follows:
wherein sigma 2 Is of a second porosity, v Sandy minerals V is the propagation velocity of sound waves in sandy minerals Fluid body V is the propagation velocity of sound waves in the rock, which is the propagation velocity of sound waves in the fluid.
8. The apparatus of claim 5, wherein the third porosity acquisition module is further to:
and performing difference operation on the second porosity and the first porosity to obtain a third porosity used for representing the clay content in the rock.
9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the method of any of claims 1 to 4 when executing the computer program.
10. A computer readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer readable storage medium stores a computer program for executing the method of any one of claims 1 to 4.
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