CN113252724B - Method for detecting heat preservation performance of external wall - Google Patents
Method for detecting heat preservation performance of external wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN113252724B CN113252724B CN202110556272.XA CN202110556272A CN113252724B CN 113252724 B CN113252724 B CN 113252724B CN 202110556272 A CN202110556272 A CN 202110556272A CN 113252724 B CN113252724 B CN 113252724B
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- G01N25/00—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means
- G01N25/20—Investigating or analyzing materials by the use of thermal means by investigating the development of heat, i.e. calorimetry, e.g. by measuring specific heat, by measuring thermal conductivity
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- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B30/00—Energy efficient heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC]
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for detecting the heat preservation performance of an external wall, which comprises the following steps: (1) sample preparation: manufacturing a sample with the same structure as the outer wall to be tested; (2) sample calibration and compensation value acquisition: placing a thermocouple, an infrared thermometer, a heating device, a light source and a blowing device, recording thermocouple temperature difference values and infrared temperature difference values under different conditions, and compensating the infrared temperature difference values after analysis; (3) and (3) detecting the heat insulation performance of the external wall: and (3) selecting corresponding outer wall detection points and indoor detection points, and determining the heat insulation performance by using an infrared thermometer and a heat flow meter and combining the temperature difference compensation value obtained in the step (2). The method provided by the invention improves the detection precision, is convenient to implement, has short detection time and improves the efficiency.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of buildings, in particular to a method for detecting the heat insulation performance of an external wall.
Background
Building energy conservation is a concrete embodiment of a sustainable development concept, is a trend of building design, and is a new growth point of building technology. The design, construction and use of the energy-saving building are beneficial to the sustainable, rapid and healthy development of national economy and the protection of ecological environment. In order to better save energy, the buildings in recent years widely adopt high-efficiency heat-insulating materials to carry out heat insulation on the outer walls of the buildings, and the heat-insulating efficiency of the buildings is far higher than that of the traditional clay bricks. The external wall heat preservation refers to fixing heat insulation materials with lower heat conductivity coefficients (better heat preservation and heat insulation effects) such as a foam polystyrene board, a rock wool board, a glass wool board and the like with a building wall body into a whole by using a certain fixing mode (bonding, mechanical anchoring, pasting mechanical drawing, spraying, winding and injecting and the like), so that the average thermal resistance value of the wall body is increased, and the heat preservation or heat insulation effects are achieved. For the reasons, after the construction is finished, the detection of the heat insulation performance of the outer wall of the building becomes a very important part in an acceptance link, and the current detection method of the heat insulation performance of the outer wall mainly comprises a heat flow meter detection technology, a heat box detection technology and an infrared detection technology. The infrared detection technology is becoming a mainstream detection mode due to low implementation condition requirements, easy implementation and short detection time, but the infrared detection technology is very easy to be influenced by environmental factors such as illumination, wind speed and the like, and the change fluctuation caused by the detection result is large, so that the problem that the accuracy of the infrared detection means for improving the thermal insulation performance of the outer wall is urgently needed to be solved at present is solved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem, the invention provides a method for detecting the heat insulation performance of an external wall.
The complete technical scheme of the invention comprises the following steps:
a method for detecting the heat insulation performance of an external wall comprises the following steps:
(1) sample preparation: manufacturing a sample with the same structure as the outer wall to be tested;
(2) sample calibration and compensation value acquisition: placing a thermocouple, an infrared thermometer, a heating device, a light source and a blowing device, recording thermocouple temperature difference values and infrared temperature difference values under different conditions, and compensating the infrared temperature difference values after analysis;
(3) and (3) detecting the heat insulation performance of the external wall: and (3) selecting corresponding outer wall detection points and indoor detection points, and determining the heat insulation performance by using an infrared thermometer and a heat flow meter and combining the temperature difference compensation value obtained in the step (2).
In the step (1), the length and the width of the sample are both more than 10 times of the thickness of the sample.
Thermocouples are arranged on two sides of the sample in the step (2).
And (3) placing infrared thermometers at two sides of the sample in the step (2).
And (4) in the step (3), the distance between the infrared thermometer and the wall surface is less than 30 cm.
Aiming at the problems that the infrared temperature measurement technology is easy to be affected by environmental factors and the temperature measurement result has large fluctuation, the invention firstly adopts a sample with the same structure as the outer wall to be measured, adopts a thermocouple temperature measurement mode, utilizes the thermocouple temperature measurement to correct and compensate the infrared temperature measurement under different illumination and wind speed conditions, and utilizes the compensated value to detect the heat insulation performance of the outer wall by adopting a detection method in the prior art, thereby improving the detection precision, being convenient to implement, having short detection time and improving the efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a sample structure disclosed in the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a temperature measurement recording point.
In the figure: 1-an outer wall body, 2-a polymer bonding layer, 3-a polystyrene board heat insulation material layer, 4-a face brick layer, 5-a plastering layer and 6-a temperature measurement recording point.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only illustrative and are not intended to limit the present application.
The invention discloses a method for detecting the heat insulation performance of an external wall, which comprises the following steps:
(1) sample preparation: the manufacturing is the same with the outer wall structure that awaits measuring sample, and during actual detection, this sample is usually provided by the construction side, and in this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the structure of this outer wall sample includes outer wall body 1, polymer tie coat 2, polyphenyl board insulation material layer 3, face brick layer 4, plastering layer 5. The specimen length and width should be greater than 10 times the specimen thickness, in this example the length: width: thickness 12:12: 1.
(2) Sample calibration and compensation value acquisition:
thermocouples are placed on the inner surface (one side of the body) and the outer surface (one side of the heat insulation material) of the sample, specifically, the sample is divided into 9 rectangular areas with the same area according to the length and the width, the thermocouple is placed in the center of each area, 9 thermocouples are arranged on each side, the positions of the thermocouples on the inner side and the outer side correspond to each other, the positions where the inner thermocouple and the outer thermocouple are located are temperature measurement recording points 6, as shown in fig. 2, and meanwhile, infrared thermometers are arranged on the two sides of the sample. The heating device is arranged on one side of the inner surface of the sample, the light source and the air blowing device are arranged on one side of the outer surface of the sample, in the embodiment, the resistance heating device is used for heating, the agricultural xenon lamp can be used as the light source, and the air blowing device is an air blower.
2.1 firstly, under the conditions of no illumination and no air blowing, starting a heating mode, and calibrating under different temperature differences of two sides of a sample, wherein the calibration method specifically comprises the following steps: slowly starting heating to make the temperature difference of the most central thermocouples at two sides be 5 deg.C, then intermittently heating to make heat uniformly diffuse on the whole surface of the sample until the temperature difference of all thermocouples at one side of inner surface is less than 0.5 deg.C, and recording the temperature difference delta t between the inner and outer thermocouplesCTaking the value as a true value for calibration, simultaneously performing infrared temperature measurement on the thermocouple positions on the inner and outer surfaces by using an infrared thermometer, and recording the infrared temperature difference delta t of the corresponding thermocouple positions on the inner and outer sides at the momentu。
Continuously increasing heating power to increase the temperature difference of the central thermocouples at the inner and outer sides by 3 deg.C, and keeping the other conditions unchanged, i.e. at delta tCRepeating the above steps at 8 deg.C, 11 deg.C, 14 deg.C, 17 deg.C … …,. DELTA.tCThe maximum value was taken to be 38 ℃. And simultaneously recording the thermocouple temperature difference value and the infrared temperature difference value of the temperature measurement recording points at the inner side and the outer side under each temperature difference.
2.2, starting a light source, repeating the operation in the step 2.1 under the condition that the illumination intensity of one side of the outer surface is 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 (the unit is ten thousand Lux and ten thousand lx), and respectively recording the thermocouple temperature difference value and the infrared temperature difference value of the inner and outer temperature measurement recording points under different illumination intensities.
2.3 starting the blower, respectively repeating the operation of the step 2.1 under the condition that the air flow speed on the outer surface side is 1.5, 3.3, 5.4, 7.9 and 10.7 (unit is m/s), and respectively recording the thermocouple temperature difference value and the infrared temperature difference value of the inner and outer side temperature measurement recording points under different air flow speeds.
2.4, carrying out denoising and sorting on the data in the steps 2.1-2.3, and carrying out calculation and analysis after averaging to obtain compensation values for the infrared temperature measurement temperature difference under different conditions, wherein a specific implementation mode can adopt the following compensation mode:
wherein, delta t is the temperature difference value after compensation and the unit is; Δ tuThe measured infrared temperature difference value is measured in unit; a is the illumination intensity, and the unit is ten thousand lx; v is wind speed in m/s.
(3) Detection of external wall thermal insulation performance
To the outer wall that wants to detect, select corresponding outer wall fixed point and indoor fixed point of examining, if there is certain difference in temperature (more than 5 ℃) outside indoor, can directly detect, if the outdoor difference in temperature is not obvious, heat indoor wall and make it have certain difference in temperature, adopt infrared thermometer, heat flow meter simultaneous detection outer wall fixed point on the temperature difference and heat flow value in certain period of time and record, and according to illumination condition and wind speed at that time, compensate the difference in temperature in combination with the compensation method of step (2), obtain the temperature difference data in certain time, and combine above-mentioned data calculation to obtain the heat conduction data of outer wall, and compare with the specified value during construction.
The above applications are only some embodiments of the present application. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications can be made therein without departing from the inventive concept of the present application, which fall within the scope of the appended claims.
Claims (1)
1. A method for detecting the heat insulation performance of an external wall is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) sample preparation: the preparation is with the same sample of the outer wall structure that awaits measuring, and the structure of this outer wall sample includes outer wall body, polymer bonding layer, polyphenyl board insulation material layer, face brick layer, plaster layer, and the sample is long: width: thickness 12:12: 1;
(2) sample calibration and compensation value acquisition:
placing thermocouples on the inner surface, namely one side of the body, and the outer surface, namely one side of the heat insulation material of the sample, particularly, equally dividing the sample into 9 rectangular areas with the same area according to the length and the width, placing a thermocouple in the center of each area, arranging 9 thermocouples on each side, corresponding the positions of the thermocouples on the inner side and the outer side, arranging temperature measurement recording points at the positions of the inner thermocouple and the outer thermocouple, and arranging infrared thermometers on the two sides of the sample; one side of the inner surface of the sample is provided with a heating device, and one side of the outer surface of the sample is provided with a light source and a blast device;
2.1 firstly, under the conditions of no illumination and no air blowing, starting a heating mode, and calibrating under different temperature differences of two sides of a sample, wherein the calibration method specifically comprises the following steps: slowly starting heating to make the temperature difference of the centremost thermocouples at two sides be 5 ℃, then intermittently heating to make the heat uniformly spread on the whole surface of the sample until the temperature difference of all thermocouples at one side of the inner surface is less than 0.5 ℃, and recording the temperature difference delta t of the thermocouples at the inner side and the outer side at the momentCTaking the value as a true value for calibration, simultaneously performing infrared temperature measurement on the thermocouple positions on the inner and outer surfaces by using an infrared thermometer, and recording the infrared temperature difference delta t of the corresponding thermocouple positions on the inner and outer sides at the momentu；
Continuously increasing the heating power to increase the temperature difference of the centremost thermocouples at the inner side and the outer side by 3 ℃, and repeating the steps under the condition that other conditions are kept unchanged, wherein the maximum value of the temperature difference of the centremost thermocouples at the two sides is 38 ℃; recording thermocouple temperature difference values and infrared temperature difference values of the temperature measurement recording points on the inner side and the outer side under each temperature difference;
2.2, starting a light source, repeating the operation in the step 2.1 under the condition that the illumination intensity of one side of the outer surface is 0.5, 1, 3, 5, 7, 9 and 11 thousands of Lux respectively, and recording the thermocouple temperature difference value and the infrared temperature difference value of the inner and outer temperature measurement recording points under different illumination intensities respectively;
2.3, starting the air blower, respectively repeating the operation of the step 2.1 under the condition that the air flow speed on one side of the outer surface is 1.5, 3.3, 5.4, 7.9 and 10.7m/s, and respectively recording the thermocouple temperature difference value and the infrared temperature difference value of the inner and outer side temperature measurement recording points under different air flow speeds;
2.4, carrying out denoising and sorting on the data in the steps 2.1-2.3, carrying out calculation and analysis after averaging to obtain compensation values for the infrared temperature measurement temperature difference under different conditions, and specifically adopting the following compensation mode:
in the formula, delta t is the temperature difference value after compensation and the unit is; Δ tuThe measured infrared temperature difference value is measured in unit; a is the illumination intensity, and the unit is ten thousand lx; v is wind speed, and the unit is m/s;
(3) detection of external wall thermal insulation performance
To the outer wall that wants to detect, select corresponding outer wall fixed point and indoor fixed point, if there is the difference in temperature that is greater than 5 ℃ indoor outer, directly detect, if the outdoor difference in temperature is not obvious, heat indoor wall and make it have certain difference in temperature, adopt infrared thermometer, heat flow meter to detect the difference in temperature and the heat flow value of fixed point in certain period of time on the outer wall simultaneously and record, and according to illumination condition and wind speed at that time, compensate the difference in temperature in combination with the compensation method of step (2), obtain the difference in temperature data in certain time, and combine above-mentioned data calculation to obtain the heat conduction data of outer wall, and compare with the specified value during construction.
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