CN113251233A - Liquid pipeline sound attenuation system based on underwater wide and low frequency sound insulation metal-based metamaterial design - Google Patents
Liquid pipeline sound attenuation system based on underwater wide and low frequency sound insulation metal-based metamaterial design Download PDFInfo
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- CN113251233A CN113251233A CN202110470261.XA CN202110470261A CN113251233A CN 113251233 A CN113251233 A CN 113251233A CN 202110470261 A CN202110470261 A CN 202110470261A CN 113251233 A CN113251233 A CN 113251233A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
- F16L55/02—Energy absorbers; Noise absorbers
- F16L55/033—Noise absorbers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L—PIPES; JOINTS OR FITTINGS FOR PIPES; SUPPORTS FOR PIPES, CABLES OR PROTECTIVE TUBING; MEANS FOR THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16L55/00—Devices or appurtenances for use in, or in connection with, pipes or pipe systems
- F16L55/02—Energy absorbers; Noise absorbers
- F16L55/033—Noise absorbers
- F16L55/0336—Noise absorbers by means of sound-absorbing materials
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Abstract
The invention provides a liquid pipeline sound attenuation system designed based on an underwater wide low-frequency sound insulation metal-based metamaterial, which comprises a main body structure, an inlet flange, an inlet cylindrical through pipe, an outlet flange and an outlet cylindrical through pipe, wherein two ends of the main body structure are respectively connected with the inlet cylindrical through pipe and the outlet cylindrical through pipe in a sealing manner; the inside of the main body structure is provided with a cavity communicated with the inlet cylinder through pipe and the outlet cylinder through pipe, and two or four sound insulation material plates coated and sealed by rubber are placed in the cavity and tightly attached to the inner wall. The invention breaks through the limitation of traditional materials and realizes the wide and low frequency sound insulation of liquid in the pipeline by using the special underwater wide and low frequency sound insulation metal-based metamaterial.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of liquid pipeline noise elimination and underwater sound transmission control, in particular to a liquid pipeline noise elimination system designed based on underwater wide and low frequency sound insulation metal-based metamaterial.
Background
The liquid pipeline system can directionally convey the liquid medium to a destination to meet engineering requirements, and is widely applied to the fields of industrial production and military equipment. Such as hydraulic pipes inside spacecraft, submarines and the like, oil pipelines on ocean platforms and the like, and liquid pipelines play an important role. However, the liquid pipelines are mostly made of solid materials or metals, when the pipelines are used, a large amount of pipeline structure vibration noise radiation and liquid internal low-frequency noise radiation exist in the pipelines, when the noises and the structures resonate, the structures of large-scale equipment such as spacecrafts, underwater equipment and offshore platforms can be damaged, and meanwhile, the noise generated by the pipelines operated for a long time can also damage the bodies of workers. Particularly for equipment in the underwater military field such as naval vessels and the like, noise radiation generated by pipelines can reduce the concealment of the naval vessels, and the noise radiation can be easily found by detection equipment such as enemy sonar and the like, so that the consequences are more fatal. At present, the system noise of the liquid pipeline is not effectively controlled, and particularly, the problem of inhibiting the pipeline noise under the condition of low-frequency sound waves is always a problem troubling people.
Research shows that the noise of the liquid pipeline not only has noise generated by pipeline wall vibration, but also generates a large amount of fluid noise due to pressure pulsation of internal fluid in the pressure conveying process, and when the frequency of the fluid noise is close to the natural frequency of a pipeline system, the amplitude of the noise is sharply increased, so that the noise is more harmful.
At present, most of effective silencing methods for liquid pipelines are that one or more layers of high-damping sound insulation materials are adhered to the outer wall of a pipeline, and the vibration of the pipeline is inhibited through damping absorption, so that the vibration noise caused by the vibration of the pipeline wall is reduced; and a few mechanical devices are connected by hoses or rubber shock absorbers at inlet and outlet pipelines. However, these methods have the disadvantages of having a good sound insulation effect for large-diameter pipes and a good effect on middle and high frequency noise, but having a very small suppression effect on low frequency noise inside liquid and a limited noise reduction amount. A large amount of low-frequency noise exists in the pipeline, low-frequency sound waves can be far propagated in liquid, the penetrability is strong, the resonance of the structure is easily caused, the damage to the structure is larger, and the sound wave noise is difficult to eliminate by using the traditional method at present. In order to improve the overall noise reduction efficiency of a liquid pipeline, in recent years, a liquid muffler is installed in the liquid pipeline as the most widely applied method, at present, the design modes of the pipeline muffler are many, the common pipeline muffler directly absorbs or attenuates sound wave energy in the pipeline by utilizing the particularity of a porous material or a soft material, or a high-reflection material such as an air bag is applied by utilizing an impedance mismatch principle, the pipeline is coated with an air bag structure coated by a film material, and the sound insulation effect of a sound insulation material is utilized to realize the noise reduction of the pipeline. However, the pipeline muffler has certain use limitation, certain pressure is inevitably generated inside the pipeline due to the transmission of liquid in the pipeline, the pressure bearing performance of the silencing material used by the existing muffler is limited, and when the pressure in the pipeline is increased, the use efficiency of the muffler is greatly reduced. An external pressure device is required to adjust the internal pressure, which complicates the overall system and makes the soft material susceptible to aging damage.
In recent years, metamaterials are gradually developed and mature, and from a laboratory stage to an engineering application stage, a plurality of experts and scholars apply the metamaterials to various fields of sound wave regulation and control, and people such as perseverance and the like find that the underwater wide and low frequency underwater sound can be blocked by utilizing the anisotropic five-mode metamaterials. Therefore, in order to solve the problem that the existing silencer is low in low-frequency noise suppression efficiency due to the pressure of liquid in the pipe, the invention designs the liquid pipeline silencing system designed based on the underwater wide low-frequency sound insulation metal-based metamaterial, the sound insulation material in the silencing system has extremely low impedance, underwater wide low-frequency underwater sound can be effectively blocked, and meanwhile, the base material is made of a metal material and has better bearing capacity.
Disclosure of Invention
According to the existing pipeline silencer provided by the scheme, certain use limitation exists, certain pressure inevitably exists in the pipeline due to the delivery of liquid in the pipeline, the pressure bearing performance of a silencing material used by the silencer is limited, and when the pressure in the pipeline is increased, the use efficiency of the silencer is greatly reduced; an external pressure device is required to be arranged to adjust the internal pressure, so that the whole system becomes complex, and soft materials are easy to age and damage, and the liquid pipeline sound attenuation system based on the underwater wide and low frequency sound insulation metal-based metamaterial is provided. The liquid pipeline sound elimination system designed by the invention takes a metal material as a base material, utilizes a wide and low-frequency underwater sound insulation metal-based metamaterial with a honeycomb beam structure as a basic cell element, and realizes the sound elimination of an underwater sound pipeline by coating a damping material on the surface. The applied wide and low frequency underwater sound insulation metal-based metamaterial has a certain pressure bearing function, and can be used for replacing an air bag in an underwater sound pipeline to design an underwater sound pipeline silencer. The designed pipeline noise elimination system comprises a main body structure, two or four underwater wide low-frequency sound insulation metal-based metamaterial plates are arranged in an internal cavity of the main body structure, the whole external part of the noise elimination system is wrapped by a thin-layer damping material, the noise elimination system has a good noise elimination effect on low-frequency underwater sound in liquid, partial pressure can be resisted to a certain degree, and the outer damping material can reduce vibration noise of the pipeline structure. The underwater sound pipeline noise elimination system can be used for blocking wide and low-frequency underwater sound. The sound attenuation system for the blocking wide and low-frequency underwater sound pipeline has manufacturability and can be used for test and test.
The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
a liquid pipeline sound attenuation system based on underwater wide and low frequency sound insulation metal-based metamaterial design comprises: the pipeline water inlet pipe comprises an inlet flange, an inlet cylindrical through pipe, a main body structure, an outlet cylindrical through pipe and an outlet flange which are sequentially communicated, wherein two ends of the main body structure are respectively connected with the inlet cylindrical through pipe and the outlet cylindrical through pipe in a sealing manner;
the inner part of the main body structure is provided with a cavity communicated with the inlet cylinder through pipe and the outlet cylinder through pipe, and two or four sound insulation material plates coated and sealed by rubber are placed in the cavity and tightly attached to the inner wall.
Further, the section of the main body structure is rectangular, and the side length of the rectangle is larger than the diameter of the inlet cylindrical through pipe and the outlet cylindrical through pipe; the cavity is a rectangular cavity.
Furthermore, the sound insulation material plate is fixed on the inner wall surface of the cavity through the clamping groove, the sound insulation material is made of an underwater wide low-frequency sound insulation material and is an anisotropic honeycomb beam metal-based material, and the strong sound insulation performance is realized by utilizing the impedance mismatch characteristic among the materials;
the sound insulation material is formed by arranging periodic hexagonal honeycomb lattice micro-structure unit cells according to a set rule.
Furthermore, the sound insulation material is a honeycomb metal-based metamaterial composed of hexagonal unit cells, the hexagonal unit cells are formed by periodically arranging y-shaped beam structures serving as basic units, the rest parts except the y-shaped beam structures in the material are cavities, and air or foam materials are filled in the cavities;
the main shaft deflection angle of the sound insulation material is theta, the length of the oblique beam is l, the length of the vertical beam is h, the thicknesses of the vertical beam and the oblique beam are t, the included angle between the extension line of the vertical beam and the oblique beam is beta, and the equivalent density is rhoeff；
The equivalent properties of the material are adjusted by changing the properties and structural parameters of the base material of the sound insulation material: the thickness t of the beam is changed to adjust the equivalent density of the material, the included angle beta is used for adjusting the anisotropy degree of the material, and meanwhile, the deflection angle theta of the main shaft is controlled to effectively adjust the equivalent impedance of the material, so that the material has extremely low impedance at a specific deflection angle of the main shaft.
Furthermore, the unit cell of the metal-based metamaterial is a special anisotropic honeycomb beam structure, the structure has codeability, and a material microstructure is designed by utilizing a parameter regulation method and a material spindle rotation mode, so that the material obtains extremely low impedance, and wide and low frequency sound insulation in water is realized. And the ordinary honeycomb beam structure without design cannot well insulate sound. The designed underwater wide and low frequency sound insulation metal-based metamaterial with extremely low impedance can reflect most of the normally incident underwater sound wave energy with wide and low frequency; meanwhile, the material is applied to a pipeline silencing system, and the material is placed on the side wall of the pipeline, so that the effect of isolating sound waves in liquid is good.
Further, the sound insulation material plate is processed by wire cut electrical discharge machining, openings at two ends are sealed by high-strength acrylic plates or high-strength rubber and other sealing materials, and the side face of the material is wrapped by a rubber material so as to reduce the influence of material vibration on the side wall of the sound insulation system structure.
Furthermore, the whole outer layer of the liquid pipeline sound-deadening system is coated with soft damping materials, so that the vibration noise of the pipeline structure is reduced.
Furthermore, the main body structure is connected with the inlet cylinder through pipe through two connecting flanges, rubber gaskets are arranged between the two connecting flanges, between the inlet flange and the flange of the water inlet pipe and between the outlet flange and the flange of the water outlet pipe, and are fastened through bolts, so that the connection tightness is ensured, the transmission of solid-borne sound in the pipeline is reduced, meanwhile, the direct contact of two rigid flange plates can be avoided, and a good vibration reduction effect is achieved.
Further, the liquid pipeline noise elimination system is a liquid pipeline noise elimination system for wide low-frequency pipeline noise, and the noise elimination effect is realized based on wide low-frequency underwater sound insulation materials: by means of the impedance mismatch principle, the material has extremely low impedance and has better effect on wide and low-frequency underwater sound.
Furthermore, when the silencing system is filled with water, low-frequency sound waves in the water pipe are transmitted to the sound insulation material plate through liquid, and due to the fact that impedance mismatch between the sound insulation material and the water is very large, namely the sound waves are driven into a soft medium through a hard medium, the low-frequency sound waves can generate strong reflection inside the silencing system according to the principle of the impedance mismatch, so that the low-frequency sound waves in the liquid are blocked, meanwhile, the material base body is made of metal and is provided with a frame with a certain thickness, and therefore certain pressure inside the pipeline can be borne. In addition, soft damping materials are coated around the pipeline silencing system, so that structural noise generated by structural vibration of the pipeline wall can be isolated.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the liquid pipeline noise elimination system designed based on the underwater wide and low frequency sound insulation metal-based metamaterial breaks through the limitation of traditional materials, and the wide and low frequency sound insulation of liquid in a pipeline is realized by using the special underwater wide and low frequency sound insulation metal-based metamaterial.
2. The liquid pipeline sound-absorbing system designed based on the underwater wide and low frequency sound-absorbing metal-based metamaterial has the advantages that the metal-based metamaterial is simple in base structure, is formed by periodically arranging honeycomb structures and is easy to process; the material is designed by a strong anisotropy method, has extremely low impedance when the main shaft deflection angle of the specific material is high, and can have good effect on underwater wide and low frequency sound insulation.
3. According to the liquid pipeline sound attenuation system designed based on the underwater wide and low frequency sound insulation metal-based metamaterial, the base material of the sound attenuation material is metal, so that the sound attenuation system has a certain bearing capacity.
4. According to the liquid pipeline sound attenuation system designed based on the underwater wide and low frequency sound insulation metal-based metamaterial, the sound insulation material plate in the liquid pipeline sound attenuation system is coated by rubber, the whole outer layer is coated by the soft damping material, and therefore vibration noise radiation of a pipeline structure and low frequency noise radiation in liquid can be isolated at the same time.
5. The liquid pipeline noise elimination system designed based on the underwater wide and low frequency sound insulation metal-based metamaterial provided by the invention provides a pressure-resistant noise elimination system capable of blocking noise of a wide and low frequency liquid pipeline and vibration noise of a pipeline structure, solves the problems of low wide and low frequency noise elimination efficiency or complex internal system of the noise elimination system in the current pipeline noise elimination, and has great application value.
In conclusion, the technical scheme of the invention can solve the problems that the existing pipeline silencer has unsatisfactory sound insulation effect on wide and low-frequency liquid in a pipeline and has certain use limitation, the transmission of the liquid in the pipeline ensures that certain pressure is inevitably generated in the pipeline, the pressure bearing performance of a silencing material used by the silencer is limited, and when the pressure in the pipeline is increased, the use efficiency of the silencer is greatly reduced; an external pressure device is required to adjust the internal pressure, so that the whole system becomes complicated, and the soft material is easy to age and damage.
Based on the reasons, the invention can be widely popularized in the fields of industrial production, military equipment and the like.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a unit cell of a wide-low-frequency underwater sound insulation five-mode material.
Fig. 2 is a structural view of a wide and low frequency underwater sound insulation material sheet according to the present invention, wherein (a) is a side view, (b) is a front view, and (c) is an oblique view.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of a sound insulation structure of the liquid pipeline sound insulation system.
Fig. 4 is a partial structural schematic diagram of fig. 3.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the muffling effect of the liquid pipeline muffling system of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a sectional view of the integral silencing structure of the liquid pipeline silencing system.
Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of an experimental structure of a liquid pipeline sound-deadening system of the present invention, wherein (a) is a front view, (b) is a left side view, (c) is a top view, and (d) is a side perspective view.
Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram of simulation results in example 1 of the present invention, wherein (a) is a cloud chart of numerical simulation calculation results of sound pressure inside the pipe of the pipe muffler at a frequency of 400 Hz; (b) is the result of the reflection coefficient of sound wave energy inside the liquid pipeline in the low frequency range.
In the figure: 1. a sound insulation material plate; 2. a sealing material; 3. a body structure; 4. a soft damping material; 5. a connecting flange; 6. bolt holes; 7. liquid sound waves in the pipeline; 8. an inlet cylindrical through pipe; 9. an outlet cylindrical through pipe; 10. and connecting the bolts by using the flanges.
Detailed Description
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments may be combined with each other without conflict. The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of exemplary embodiments according to the invention. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
As shown in the figure, the invention provides a liquid pipeline sound-absorbing system designed based on underwater wide and low frequency sound-insulating metal-based metamaterial, which comprises: the entry flange that is linked together in proper order, entry drum siphunculus 8, major structure 3, export drum siphunculus 9 and export flange, major structure 3's both ends respectively with entry drum siphunculus 8 and export drum siphunculus 9 sealing connection, the liquid inlet end of entry drum siphunculus 8 is connected with the entry flange, links to each other through the flange of entry flange with the pipeline inlet tube, the liquid outlet end of export drum siphunculus 9 is connected with the export flange, links to each other through the flange of export flange with the pipeline outlet pipe.
The main structure 3 is internally provided with a cavity communicated with an inlet cylindrical through pipe 8 and an outlet cylindrical through pipe 9, and two or four sound insulation material plates 1 coated and sealed by rubber are arranged in the cavity and tightly attached to the inner wall.
Preferably, the cross section of the main body structure 3 is rectangular, and the side length of the rectangle is greater than the diameter of the inlet cylindrical through pipe 8 and the outlet cylindrical through pipe 9; the cavity is a rectangular cavity.
Preferably, the sound insulation material plate 1 is fixed on the inner wall surface of the cavity through a clamping groove, the sound insulation material is made of an underwater wide low-frequency sound insulation material and is an anisotropic honeycomb beam metal-based material, and the strong sound insulation performance is realized by utilizing the impedance mismatch characteristic among the materials;
the sound insulation material is formed by arranging periodic hexagonal honeycomb lattice micro-structure unit cells according to a set rule.
Preferably, the sound insulation material is a honeycomb metal-based metamaterial composed of hexagonal unit cells, the hexagonal unit cells are formed by periodically arranging y-shaped beam structures serving as basic units, the y-shaped beam structures are removed from the material, the rest are cavities, and air or foam materials are filled in the cavities;
the main shaft deflection angle of the sound insulation material is theta, the length of the oblique beam is l, the length of the vertical beam is h, the thicknesses of the vertical beam and the oblique beam are t, the included angle between the extension line of the vertical beam and the oblique beam is beta, and the equivalent density is rhoeff；
The equivalent properties of the material are adjusted by changing the properties and structural parameters of the base material of the sound insulation material: the thickness t of the beam is changed to adjust the equivalent density of the material, the included angle beta is used for adjusting the anisotropy degree of the material, and meanwhile, the deflection angle theta of the main shaft is controlled to effectively adjust the equivalent impedance of the material, so that the material has extremely low impedance at a specific deflection angle of the main shaft.
Preferably, the unit cell of the metal-based metamaterial is a special anisotropic honeycomb beam structure, the structure has codeability, and the material microstructure is designed by utilizing a parameter regulation method and a material spindle rotation mode, so that the material obtains extremely low impedance, and wide and low frequency sound insulation in water is realized. And the ordinary honeycomb beam structure without design cannot well insulate sound. The designed underwater wide and low frequency sound insulation metal-based metamaterial with extremely low impedance can reflect most of the normally incident underwater sound wave energy with wide and low frequency; meanwhile, the material is applied to a pipeline silencing system, and the material is placed on the side wall of the pipeline, so that the effect of isolating sound waves in liquid is good.
Preferably, the sound insulation material plate 1 is processed by wire electrical discharge machining, openings at two ends are sealed by a sealing material 2 such as a high-strength acrylic plate or high-strength rubber, and the side face of the material is wrapped by a rubber material, so that the influence of material vibration on the side wall of the sound insulation system structure is reduced.
Preferably, the soft damping material 4 is coated on the whole outer layer of the liquid pipeline sound-damping system, so that the vibration noise of the pipeline structure is reduced.
Preferably, the main body structure 3 with the entry drum siphunculus 8 is connected through two flange connections within a definite time, between two flange connections between the flange of entry flange and inlet tube between the flange of export flange and outlet pipe all is equipped with the rubber packing ring to through the bolt-up, guarantee the leakproofness of connecting, reduce the transmission of solid-borne sound in the pipeline, can avoid the direct contact of two rigid flange dish simultaneously, play fine damping effect.
Example 1
A liquid pipeline sound attenuation system based on underwater wide and low frequency sound insulation metal-based metamaterial design is realized based on wide and low frequency underwater sound insulation materials: by means of the impedance mismatch principle, the material has extremely low impedance and has better effect on wide and low-frequency underwater sound.
As shown in fig. 3-4 and 6-7, the overall structure of the liquid pipeline sound-damping system is divided into five parts, namely a first-end inlet cylindrical through pipe 8 and a connecting flange 5 of the sound-damping system communicated with an upper water inlet pipe, a tail-end outlet cylindrical through pipe 9 and a connecting flange 5 of the sound-damping system communicated with a lower water outlet pipe, and a square main body structure 3 for sound damping, wherein a cavity is arranged inside the square main body structure 3, underwater sound-insulating material plates 1(2 or 4 sound-insulating material plates 1 are arranged inside the cavity in a manner of being tightly attached to the inner wall of the cavity and coated and sealed by rubber materials, in the embodiment, 2 sound-insulating material plates 1 are arranged on the upper surface and the lower surface inside the cavity, and when 4 sound-insulating material plates 1 are required to be arranged inside the cavity, the sound-insulating material plates are respectively distributed on the upper surface, the lower surface, the left surface and the right surface, and the outer layer of the whole sound-damping system is coated by a thin layer of soft damping material 4.
The two ends of the silencing system are respectively a liquid inlet end and a liquid outlet end, the connecting flanges 5 at the two ends are respectively an inlet flange and an outlet flange and are respectively arranged at the outer side ends of the inlet cylindrical through pipe 8 and the outlet cylindrical through pipe 9, the inner side end of the inlet cylindrical through pipe 8 is provided with a square flange I, one end of the main structure 3 is provided with a square flange II, and the other end of the main structure 3 and the inner side end of the outlet cylindrical through pipe 9 are integrally formed. During installation, an operator needs to connect the connecting flanges 5 at two ends of the noise elimination system with the flanges of an upper water inlet pipe and a lower water outlet pipe of a pipeline respectively, the flanges I and the flanges II are connected, the connected flanges are installed by rubber pads, and are fastened by flange connecting bolts 10 (bolt holes 6 are formed in each flange, and the bolt holes 6 are in threaded connection with the flange connecting bolts 10), so that direct contact of two rigid flange plates can be avoided, a good vibration reduction effect is achieved, connection tightness can be guaranteed, and solid-borne sound is prevented from being transmitted to a certain extent.
The liquid inlet end and the liquid outlet end of the main body structure 3 of the silencing system are both cylindrical through pipes, the cross section of the main body structure 3 is rectangular, the side length of the rectangle is larger than the diameters of the inlet cylindrical through pipe 8 and the outlet cylindrical through pipe 9, a rectangular cavity is arranged in the main body structure 3, and sound insulation material plates 1 are arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the cavity to isolate low-frequency underwater sound in liquid. And (3) respectively loading the sealed sound insulation material plates 1 coated with the rubber material into the upper surface and the lower surface of the cavity of the square main body structure 3, and fixing by using clamping grooves.
The sound insulation material is a novel underwater wide low-frequency sound insulation material, the material is a honeycomb metal-based metamaterial composed of hexagonal unit cells, and the hexagonal unit cells are formed by periodically arranging basic units in a y-shaped beam structure. The material is provided with a cavity except the y-shaped beam structure part, and the cavity is filled with air or foam materials. Wherein theta is the deflection angle of the main shaft of the material, l is the length of the oblique beam, h is the length of the vertical beam, t is the thickness of the vertical beam and the oblique beam, and beta is the included angle (topological angle) between the extension line of the vertical beam and the oblique beam. The calculation shows that when the main shaft deflection angle theta of the material isAt a certain value, the material possesses a very low impedance. And a metal frame is arranged around the material, so that the sealing property of the material is ensured, and the bearing capacity of the material structure is increased. Specifically, the wide and low-frequency sound insulation material is an anisotropic honeycomb beam metal-based material, and the strong sound insulation performance can be realized by utilizing the impedance mismatch characteristic among materials. The sound insulation material is formed by arranging periodic hexagonal honeycomb lattice micro-structure unit cells according to a set rule. The equivalent properties of the material can be adjusted by changing the properties and structural parameters of the matrix material (as shown in FIG. 1, the diagram is a schematic diagram of a wide-low frequency sound insulation metal-based metamaterial unit cell structure, the deflection angle theta of a main shaft of the material, the topological angle beta, the beam thickness t, the beam lengths h and l, and the equivalent density rhoeff). For example, the equivalent density of the material can be adjusted by changing the thickness t of the beam, the anisotropy degree of the material can be adjusted by the included angle beta, and the equivalent impedance of the material can be effectively adjusted by controlling the deflection angle theta of the main shaft. The metal-based metamaterial unit cell is a special anisotropic honeycomb beam structure, the structure has codeability, and a material microstructure is designed by utilizing a parameter regulation method and a material spindle rotation mode, so that the material obtains extremely low impedance, and wide and low frequency sound insulation in water is realized. And the ordinary honeycomb beam structure without design cannot well insulate sound. The designed underwater wide and low frequency sound insulation metal-based metamaterial with extremely low impedance can reflect most of the normally incident underwater sound wave energy with wide and low frequency; meanwhile, the material is applied to a pipeline silencing system, and the material is placed on the side wall of the pipeline, so that the effect of isolating sound waves in liquid is good.
In this embodiment, the sound insulation thickness of the strong wide low frequency underwater sound insulation material plate 1 is 30mm, the base material is aluminum alloy, and the specific parameters of the strong reflection underwater sound material are as follows: t is 0.4mm, β is 74.2 °, h is 2.5mm, l is 10 mm; the included angle theta between the main axis of the material and the interface is 28.5 degrees; density and bulk modulus of water are ρ0＝1000kg/m3And K02.25GPa, and the density, Young's modulus and Poisson's ratio of the aluminum plate are respectively rhoal＝2700kg/m3、Eal69GPa and valThe density, rigidity and characteristic parameters of the strong reflecting plate are rho 0.33eff＝0.179ρ0，Kx＝0.035K0，Ky＝3.22K0，Kxy＝0.33K0，Gxy＝0.02K0. Through the geometric parameters, the longitudinal wave impedance of the material can be reduced by two orders of magnitude, so that the equivalent acoustic impedance far lower than that of water is obtained, and wide and low-frequency sound waves in liquid in the pipeline are isolated.
The silencing material plate related in the silencing system can be processed by a wire cut electrical discharge machining mode, openings at two ends of the silencing material plate are sealed by a high-strength acrylic plate or a sealing material 2 such as high-strength rubber, and meanwhile, the side face of the silencing material plate is wrapped by a rubber material, so that the influence of material vibration on the side wall of the silencer structure is reduced. When the low-frequency sound waves in the water pipe are transmitted to the silencer through liquid, because the impedance mismatch between the material and the water is very large, namely the sound waves are driven into a soft medium through a hard medium, the low-frequency sound waves can generate strong emission in the silencer according to the principle of the impedance mismatch, so that the low-frequency sound waves in the liquid are blocked, and meanwhile, the material base body is made of metal and is provided with a frame (shown in figure 2) with a certain thickness, so that certain pressure in the pipeline can be borne. In addition, because the periphery of the pipeline noise elimination system is coated with soft damping materials, the structural noise generated by the pipeline wall due to structural vibration can be isolated. Specifically, when the silencing system is filled with water, low-frequency noise in water and low-frequency vibration noise generated by a pipe wall structure are transmitted into the silencing system through the upper end water inlet pipe, the impedance of the wide low-frequency sound insulation material is much smaller than that of the water, more than 95% of low-frequency sound wave energy is reflected, the effect of eliminating low-frequency sound waves in the water is achieved, meanwhile, the noise generated by vibration of the pipeline structure is absorbed by the damping material on the outer layer of the silencing system, and therefore the silencing efficiency of the whole silencing system is very high. The material in the silencing system can bear a certain amount of pressure in the pipeline, and the material is almost not deformed in the material bearing range, so that the silencing system does not need a pressure regulating device in an allowable pressure range, and the silencing efficiency cannot be reduced along with the increase of the pressure in the pipeline. Fig. 5 shows a diagram of the silencing effect of the liquid pipeline silencing system.
Fig. 8 shows the simulation result of the sound attenuation system for blocking the low-frequency underwater sound in the liquid, wherein the simulation frequency range is 50Hz to 600 Hz. The wavelength in water is at least 25 times the thickness of the sheet. As shown in fig. 8(a), when the frequency is 400Hz, the sound wave 7 of the liquid in the pipe is blocked by the sound damping system after the sound insulation material is put into the pipe, and the simulation result diagram of the sound pressure distribution of the liquid in the pipe is shown; the results shown in FIG. 8(b) are acoustic energy reflection coefficient results inside the liquid pipe. According to simulation results, when low-frequency sound waves in the liquid are incident into the silencing system, the reflection coefficient of the sound insulation material to the energy of the liquid sound waves 7 in the pipeline is close to 1. For example, at a frequency of 100Hz, the wavelength in water is about 500 times the thickness of the board, and the reflection coefficient of the strong reflection board is as high as | R | -0.993 (the sound insulation effect is slightly reduced at 500Hz because of the resonance frequency at 500 Hz), and the extreme sub-wavelength strong reflection is almost impossible to achieve in the conventional material. Compared with an aluminum alloy plate with the same thickness, the sound insulation effect is basically not achieved under the low-frequency condition. The result proves the effectiveness of the silencing system, and the characteristics of isolating the vibration noise of the pipeline structure by the outer layer are combined, so that the integral effect is better, and the underwater pipeline silencing system designed by the invention has good silencing performance and strong applicability.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; while the invention has been described in detail and with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a liquid pipeline sound attenuation system based on wide low frequency sound insulation metal base metamaterial design under water which characterized in that includes: the pipeline water inlet pipe comprises an inlet flange, an inlet cylindrical through pipe, a main body structure, an outlet cylindrical through pipe and an outlet flange which are sequentially communicated, wherein two ends of the main body structure are respectively connected with the inlet cylindrical through pipe and the outlet cylindrical through pipe in a sealing manner;
the inner part of the main body structure is provided with a cavity communicated with the inlet cylinder through pipe and the outlet cylinder through pipe, and two or four sound insulation material plates coated and sealed by rubber are placed in the cavity and tightly attached to the inner wall.
2. The liquid pipeline sound attenuation system designed based on the underwater wide and low frequency sound insulation metal-based metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the cross section of the main body structure is rectangular, and the side length of the rectangle is larger than the diameter of the inlet cylindrical through pipe and the diameter of the outlet cylindrical through pipe; the cavity is a rectangular cavity.
3. The liquid pipeline sound-absorbing system designed based on the underwater wide and low-frequency sound-absorbing metal-based metamaterial according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the sound-absorbing material plate is fixed on the inner wall surface of the cavity through a clamping groove, the sound-absorbing material is made of an underwater wide and low-frequency sound-absorbing material, the underwater wide and low-frequency sound-absorbing material is made of an anisotropic honeycomb beam metal-based metamaterial, and the strong wide and low-frequency sound-absorbing performance is realized by using the impedance mismatch characteristic among materials;
the sound insulation material is formed by arranging periodic hexagonal honeycomb lattice micro-structure unit cells according to a set rule.
4. The liquid pipeline sound-absorbing system designed based on the underwater wide and low frequency sound-absorbing metal-based metamaterial according to claim 3, wherein the sound-absorbing material is a honeycomb-shaped metal-based metamaterial composed of hexagonal unit cells, the hexagonal unit cells are formed by periodically arranging y-shaped beam structures serving as basic units, the y-shaped beam structure parts are removed from the material, the rest are cavities, and air or foam materials are filled in the cavities;
the main shaft deflection angle of the sound insulation material is theta, the length of the oblique beam is l, the length of the vertical beam is h, the thicknesses of the vertical beam and the oblique beam are t, the included angle between the extension line of the vertical beam and the oblique beam is beta, and the equivalent density is rhoeff；
The equivalent properties of the material are adjusted by changing the properties and structural parameters of the base material of the sound insulation material: the thickness t of the beam is changed to adjust the equivalent density of the material, the included angle beta is used for adjusting the anisotropy degree of the material, and meanwhile, the deflection angle theta of the main shaft is controlled to effectively adjust the equivalent impedance of the material, so that the material has extremely low impedance at a specific deflection angle of the main shaft.
5. The liquid pipeline sound-absorbing system designed based on the underwater wide and low frequency sound-absorbing metal-based metamaterial according to claim 4, wherein the unit cell of the metal-based metamaterial is a special anisotropic honeycomb beam structure, the structure has codeability, and a material microstructure is designed by using a parameter regulation and control method and a material spindle rotation mode, so that the material obtains extremely low impedance, and thus, the underwater wide and low frequency sound absorption is realized.
6. The liquid pipeline sound-attenuating system designed based on underwater wide and low frequency sound-insulating metal-based metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the sound-insulating material plates are processed by wire cut electrical discharge machining, openings at two ends are sealed by high-strength sealing materials, and the side surfaces of the materials are wrapped by rubber materials so as to reduce the influence of material vibration on the side walls of the structure of the sound-attenuating system.
7. The liquid pipeline sound-deadening system designed based on the underwater wide and low-frequency sound-insulating metal-based metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein a soft damping material is coated on the outer layer of the whole liquid pipeline sound-deadening system, so that vibration noise of a pipeline structure is reduced.
8. The liquid pipeline sound attenuation system designed based on the underwater wide and low frequency sound insulation metal-based metamaterial according to claim 1, wherein the main body structure is connected with the inlet cylinder through pipe through two connecting flanges, and rubber gaskets are arranged between the two connecting flanges, between the inlet flange and a water inlet pipe, and between the outlet flange and a water outlet pipe, and are fastened through bolts.
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