CN113248228A - Inorganic thixotropic gel for preventing and extinguishing fire in coal mine underground goaf by blocking air leakage - Google Patents
Inorganic thixotropic gel for preventing and extinguishing fire in coal mine underground goaf by blocking air leakage Download PDFInfo
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- CN113248228A CN113248228A CN202110632237.1A CN202110632237A CN113248228A CN 113248228 A CN113248228 A CN 113248228A CN 202110632237 A CN202110632237 A CN 202110632237A CN 113248228 A CN113248228 A CN 113248228A
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- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 230000009974 thixotropic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 9
- IPGANOYOHAODGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N dilithium;dimagnesium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Li+].[Li+].[Mg+2].[Mg+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O.[O-][Si]([O-])=O IPGANOYOHAODGA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 34
- 229940080314 sodium bentonite Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910000280 sodium bentonite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;disodium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Na+].[Na+].[Al+3].[Al+3].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4].[Si+4] ONCZQWJXONKSMM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N sodium silicate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-][Si]([O-])=O NTHWMYGWWRZVTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000010881 fly ash Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 239000004115 Sodium Silicate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052911 sodium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011398 Portland cement Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000010883 coal ash Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 12
- 229910052901 montmorillonite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N dialuminum;dioxosilane;oxygen(2-);hydrate Chemical compound O.[O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3].O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O.O=[Si]=O GUJOJGAPFQRJSV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- 239000002105 nanoparticle Substances 0.000 description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 7
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000391 magnesium silicate Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052919 magnesium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 235000019792 magnesium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- ZADYMNAVLSWLEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N magnesium;oxygen(2-);silicon(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Mg+2].[Si+4] ZADYMNAVLSWLEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000006260 foam Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011734 sodium Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003112 inhibitor Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000005764 inhibitory process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005411 Van der Waals force Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000740 bleeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001768 cations Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002817 coal dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018044 dehydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006297 dehydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001879 gelation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052736 halogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- -1 halogen salt Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003306 harvesting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036571 hydration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006703 hydration reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011229 interlayer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229920000642 polymer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000019353 potassium silicate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B28/00—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements
- C04B28/24—Compositions of mortars, concrete or artificial stone, containing inorganic binders or the reaction product of an inorganic and an organic binder, e.g. polycarboxylate cements containing alkyl, ammonium or metal silicates; containing silica sols
- C04B28/26—Silicates of the alkali metals
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Ceramic Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Curing Cements, Concrete, And Artificial Stone (AREA)
Abstract
An inorganic thixotropic gel for blocking air and preventing and extinguishing fire in a coal mine underground goaf comprises the following components in percentage by mass: 3-5 wt% of lithium magnesium silicate, 3-5 wt% of sodium bentonite, 0.3-0.5 wt% of cement, 1.2-1.8 wt% of sodium silicate, 3-5 wt% of an inorganic water-retaining agent, 1-3 wt% of fly ash and the balance of water. The preparation process of the inorganic thixotropic gel comprises the following steps: at normal temperature, cement, an inorganic water-retaining agent, fly ash and the like are mixed and stirred with water by using a stirrer to prepare a composite external agent, sodium bentonite and lithium magnesium silicate are respectively mixed and stirred with water to prepare a sodium bentonite solution and a lithium magnesium silicate colloid, then the stirrer is kept to stir at a constant speed, and sodium water glass, sodium bentonite slurry, a composite additive and the like are sequentially added into the lithium magnesium silicate colloid to prepare the inorganic thixotropic gel. The gel has the characteristics of good thixotropy, permeability, water retention, thermal stability and the like, can plug the gap of a goaf in time, can block air leakage, can inhibit coal from oxidizing and spontaneous combustion, and has wide application prospect in the field of coal mine underground fire prevention and control.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an inorganic thixotropic gel for preventing and extinguishing fire in a coal mine underground goaf by blocking air leakage, belonging to the technical field of fire-extinguishing materials.
Background
Mine fires have long been one of the major problems troubling coal mine enterprises in safety production, and in coal mine fires, fires caused by natural ignition of coal account for over 90 percent of the total number of fires. The coal seam presents a natural fire risk in about 54.9%, wherein the shortest natural fire period of more than 50% of the mines is less than 3 months. The mode of fully mechanized top coal caving mechanical mining is adopted, so that more residual coal is left in the goaf, and meanwhile, along with the vigorous popularization of a gas drainage technology, the air leakage in the goaf is serious, spontaneous combustion and fire hazards of the residual coal frequently occur, gas and coal dust explosion is easily induced, the degree and range of disasters are further expanded, and the life safety of workers is seriously harmed.
In order to ensure the safe exploitation of coal, fire prevention and extinguishing technologies such as grouting, inert gas injection, blocking foam injection, inhibitor spraying, gel injection and the like are generally adopted at home and abroad to prevent the spontaneous combustion of the residual coal in the goaf. The fire prevention and extinguishing technologies play a crucial role in ensuring the safe production of coal mines, but have some defects in the field fire prevention and extinguishing application. If the grouting coverage is small, the grouting cannot be accumulated to a high place, and a ditch-pulling phenomenon is easy to form; inert gas is easy to escape with wind, and the fire extinguishing and cooling capacity is weak; the polymer foam not only can release heat in the foam generating process to accelerate the spontaneous combustion of coal, but also can crack water to lose the inhibition fire prevention and extinguishing effect; the inhibition time of the halogen salt inhibitor is short, and the device is easy to corrode; the traditional gel has high dehydration rate, small diffusion range, easy pipe blockage in the grouting process and the like. Therefore, a novel air-leakage-blocking fire-preventing and extinguishing material which can cover a large range in a goaf, is accumulated to a high position, effectively blocks goaf cracks, timely blocks air leakage and prevents spontaneous combustion of residual coal is urgently needed to be developed, and the novel air-leakage-blocking fire-preventing and extinguishing material is used for overcoming the defects in the fire-preventing and extinguishing technology.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides the inorganic thixotropic gel for preventing and extinguishing fire in the coal mine underground goaf from blocking air and extinguishing fire, which has good thixotropy and fluidity, can effectively wrap coal bodies, block cracks and block goaf air leakage.
The utility model provides an inorganic thixotropic gel of colliery collecting space area leaking stoppage wind prevention fire extinguishing which characterized in that, by mass fraction:
3-5 wt% of magnesium lithium silicate;
3-5 wt% of sodium bentonite;
0.3wt% -0.5 wt% of cement;
1.2-1.8 wt% of sodium silicate;
3-5 wt% of inorganic water-retaining agent;
1-3 wt% of fly ash;
the balance of water.
The inorganic thixotropic gel for air-blocking, fire-preventing and fire-extinguishing in the coal mine underground goaf is characterized in that the modulus of the sodium water glass is 3.3, and the cement is P.O42.5 portland cement.
The preparation process of the inorganic thixotropic gel for air-leakage-blocking fire-preventing and fire-extinguishing in the goaf under the coal mine comprises the steps of mixing and stirring P.O42.5 portland cement, an inorganic water-retaining agent, fly ash and water by using a stirrer at normal temperature to prepare a composite additive, mixing and stirring sodium bentonite and water to prepare sodium bentonite slurry, mixing and stirring magnesium lithium silicate and water to prepare magnesium lithium silicate colloid, keeping the stirrer to stir at a constant speed, and sequentially adding sodium water glass, the sodium bentonite slurry, the composite additive and the like into the magnesium lithium silicate colloid to prepare the inorganic thixotropic gel.
The preparation principle of the inorganic thixotropic gel for blocking air and preventing and extinguishing fire in the coal mine underground goaf is as follows: adjusting the mixing proportion P of the magnesium lithium silicate and the montmorillonite to form bicontinuous gel with different structures,
wherein,
In the formula:
-the volume fraction of montmorillonite in the gel,%;
volume fraction
Is calculated by (formula 2) based on the mass percent W of the base material, to
For the purpose of example only,
In the formula:
-mass percent of magnesium lithium silicate, wt%;
when P is more than 5, the gel network is composed of larger montmorillonite nanoparticles, and smaller magnesium lithium silicate nanoparticles are distributed around the montmorillonite nanoparticles to form 'fine branches', so that the strength of the gel network is enhanced; when the P is more than 3 and less than 5, the fine branches around the montmorillonite nanoparticles form a coarse branch network; when P =3, the smaller magnesium lithium silicate nanoparticles form a protective layer around the previously formed network of montmorillonite nanoparticles due to van der Waals interactions; when P is less than or equal to 2.5, the montmorillonite nanoparticles and the magnesium lithium silicate nanoparticles form stable micro-regions respectively through repulsion.
When the magnesium lithium silicate is in powder form, the negative surface charge of the magnesium lithium silicate crystal is formed by Na in the interlayer+Balancing; however, when the magnesium lithium silicate crystal is mixed with water, Na+Released, the crystal surface is negatively charged; because the positive charge amount of the edge of the magnesium silicate lithium crystal is only 10% of the negative charge amount of the surface, the electrostatic repulsion between negative charge surfaces is dominant, and the dissolved magnesium silicate lithium crystal is kept in a separation state; in this case, Na which is soluble in the lithium magnesium silicate crystal can be substituted by a high-valent cation+The negative charge on the surface of the magnesium silicate lithium crystal is neutralized, so that the negative charge on the surface is obviously reduced, the van der Waals force and the electrostatic force between the edge of the positively charged crystal and the negatively charged surface are stronger than the electrostatic repulsion between the negatively charged surfaces, and the dispersed magnesium silicate lithium crystal can form a stable 'card house' structure.
Sodium silicate forms polysilicic acid in water environment, the polysilicic acid is further dehydrated and condensed to form Si-O-Si-, and the toughness and the cohesive force of slurry can be increased along with the formation of a large amount of-Si-O-Si-network structures. Adding water glass into the magnesium silicate lithium colloid to improve the toughness and the cohesion of the magnesium silicate lithium colloid; montmorillonite is the main component of sodium bentonite, and sodium bentonite slurry and magnesium lithium silicate colloid are mixed to form bicontinuous gel; P.O42.5 hydration of Portland cement to Ca (OH)2So that Ca is present in the slurry2+，Ca2+Na dissolved by substitution of lithium magnesium silicate crystals+The dispersed magnesium-lithium silicate crystal forms a stable 'card house' structure, the stability of the gel is increased, the gelation of the gel is promoted, the conversion time from 'sol' to 'gel' is shortened, the inorganic water-retaining agent has stronger water absorption effect, the water-retaining property of the gel is increased,the fly ash can increase the fluidity of the gel and reduce bleeding, so that the novel inorganic thixotropic gel for the mining leaking stoppage, fire prevention and extinguishing is prepared by adding the composite additive into the bicontinuous gel.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the characteristics of good thixotropy, fluidity, airtightness, water retention property, thermal stability and the like, can cover a large range in the goaf, can be accumulated to a high position, can effectively plug cracks of the goaf, can block air leakage, can prevent the spontaneous ignition of the residual coal in the goaf, and has high fire prevention and extinguishing efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a bicontinuous gel structure at P < 2.5;
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the formation of a "Karman" structure of lithium magnesium silicate crystals;
in the figure: 1-lithium magnesium silicate, 2-sodium bentonite, 3-Ca2+。
Detailed Description
Example 1: preparing 1000 g of inorganic thixotropic gel, taking 30g of lithium magnesium silicate to account for 3wt%, taking 40g of sodium bentonite to account for 4wt%, taking 4g of P.O42.5 portland cement to account for 0.4wt%, taking 16.56g of sodium silicate to account for 1.656wt%, taking 40g of inorganic water-retaining agent to account for 4wt%, taking 28g of fly ash to account for 2.8wt%, and the balance of water.
Example 2: preparing 1000 g of inorganic thixotropic gel, taking 40g of lithium magnesium silicate to account for 4wt%, taking 40g of sodium bentonite to account for 4wt%, taking 4g of P.O42.5 portland cement to account for 0.4wt%, taking 16.56g of sodium silicate to account for 1.656wt%, taking 40g of inorganic water-retaining agent to account for 4wt%, taking 28g of fly ash to account for 2.8wt%, and the balance of water.
Example 3: preparing 1000 g of inorganic thixotropic gel, taking 50g of lithium magnesium silicate, accounting for 5wt%, 40g of sodium bentonite, accounting for 4wt%, 4g of P.O42.5 portland cement, accounting for 0.4wt%, 16.56g of sodium silicate, accounting for 1.656wt%, 40g of inorganic water-retaining agent, accounting for 4wt%, 28g of fly ash, accounting for 2.8wt%, and the balance of water.
Example 4: preparing 1000 g of inorganic thixotropic gel, taking 30g of lithium magnesium silicate to account for 3wt%, taking 40g of sodium bentonite to account for 4wt%, taking 4.6g of P.O42.5 portland cement to account for 0.46wt%, taking 16.56g of sodium silicate to account for 1.656wt%, taking 40g of inorganic water-retaining agent to account for 4wt%, taking 28g of fly ash to account for 2.8wt%, and taking the balance of water.
Example 5: preparing 1000 g of inorganic thixotropic gel, taking 40g of lithium magnesium silicate to account for 4wt%, taking 40g of sodium bentonite to account for 4wt%, taking 4.6g of P.O42.5 portland cement to account for 0.46wt%, taking 16.56g of sodium silicate to account for 1.656wt%, taking 40g of inorganic water-retaining agent to account for 4wt%, taking 28g of fly ash to account for 2.8wt%, and taking the balance of water.
The modulus of the sodium silicate is 3.3, and the density of the sodium bentonite
=0.876g/cm3Density of lithium magnesium silicate
=1.220g/cm3Montmorillonite is the main component of sodium bentonite, and can be calculated by formula 2
，
，
Thus, the bicontinuous gel systems prepared in examples 1-5 fall within the class of P.ltoreq.2.5 as shown in FIG. 1. The inorganic thixotropic gel of example 1 to example 5 was prepared by mixing and stirring p.o42.5 portland cement, an inorganic water-retaining agent, fly ash and water at normal temperature by using a stirrer to prepare a composite additive, mixing and stirring sodium bentonite and water to prepare a sodium bentonite slurry, mixing and stirring magnesium lithium silicate and water to prepare a magnesium lithium silicate colloid, then keeping the stirrer to stir at a constant speed, and sequentially adding sodium water glass, the sodium bentonite slurry and the composite additive into the magnesium lithium silicate colloid to prepare the inorganic thixotropic gel.
Claims (3)
1. The inorganic thixotropic gel for blocking air, preventing and extinguishing fire in the coal mine underground goaf is characterized by comprising the following components in percentage by mass:
3-5 wt% of magnesium lithium silicate;
3-5 wt% of sodium bentonite;
0.3wt% -0.5 wt% of cement;
1.2-1.8 wt% of sodium silicate;
3-5 wt% of inorganic water-retaining agent;
1-3 wt% of fly ash;
the balance of water.
2. The inorganic thixotropic gel for air-blocking, preventing and extinguishing fire in the goaf under the coal mine according to claim 1, characterized in that the modulus of the sodium water glass is 3.10-3.40, and the cement is P.O42.5 Portland cement.
3. The inorganic thixotropic gel for air leakage blocking, fire prevention and extinguishing in the goaf under the coal mine according to claim 1, which is characterized in that 1000 g of inorganic thixotropic gel is prepared, 30-50 g of lithium magnesium silicate, 40g of sodium bentonite, 4-4.6 g of P.O42.5 portland cement, 16.56g of sodium water glass, 40g of inorganic water-retaining agent, 28g of coal ash and the balance of water are taken.
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