CN113245743A - Titanium flux-cored wire for additive manufacturing of titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Titanium flux-cored wire for additive manufacturing of titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113245743A
CN113245743A CN202110745307.4A CN202110745307A CN113245743A CN 113245743 A CN113245743 A CN 113245743A CN 202110745307 A CN202110745307 A CN 202110745307A CN 113245743 A CN113245743 A CN 113245743A
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titanium
flux
powder
cored wire
aluminum intermetallic
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CN113245743B (en
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陈曦
李欢
张思雨
辛超
汪舸
赵彬
潘晓龙
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Xian Rare Metal Materials Research Institute Co Ltd
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Xian Rare Metal Materials Research Institute Co Ltd
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/02Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape
    • B23K35/0255Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by mechanical features, e.g. shape for use in welding
    • B23K35/0261Rods, electrodes, wires
    • B23K35/0266Rods, electrodes, wires flux-cored
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/22Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
    • B23K35/24Selection of soldering or welding materials proper
    • B23K35/32Selection of soldering or welding materials proper with the principal constituent melting at more than 1550 degrees C
    • B23K35/325Ti as the principal constituent
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23KSOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K35/00Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
    • B23K35/40Making wire or rods for soldering or welding

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Nonmetallic Welding Materials (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a titanium flux-cored wire for additive manufacturing of a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound, which consists of a powder flux core wrapped with a titanium shell, and comprises the following components in percentage by mol: 40% -50% of Al, 1% -8% of Nb, 1% -4% of Mo, 0.1% -0.5% of B and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities; in addition, the preparation method of the titanium flux-cored wire is also provided, and the titanium flux-cored wire is obtained by ball-milling Al powder, Nb powder, Mo powder and B powder, then filling the ball-milled powder into a clean titanium tube, sealing the opening of the clean titanium tube, and then elongating the clean titanium tube. According to the invention, the powdery flux core is wrapped in the titanium shell to form the titanium flux-cored wire, so that the problem that the room-temperature plasticity of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound is poor and the wire drawing into the formed wire is difficult to realize is solved, the preparation of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound by adopting a single welding wire is realized, and the component formed by the deposition of the titanium flux-cored wire has good strong plasticity matching.

Description

Titanium flux-cored wire for additive manufacturing of titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of titanium-aluminum intermetallic compounds, and particularly relates to a titanium flux-cored wire for additive manufacturing of a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound is considered to be one of high-temperature structural materials which are expected to replace Ni-based high-temperature alloys in the new century because of the advantages of high specific strength, specific modulus, good oxidation resistance, creep resistance and the like. However, titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound alloys exhibit poor processability at room temperature due to low mobility of superlattice dislocations and lack of sufficient deformation modes. The current titanium-aluminum intermetallic compounds can only be processed by casting and high temperature plastic forming, and the high manufacturing cost and long manufacturing cycle limit the further application of titanium-aluminum intermetallic compounds.
The additive manufacturing technology is a manufacturing method for forming a three-dimensional solid component by accumulating materials layer by layer from bottom to top based on a material layering accumulation principle, has the advantages of simple process flow, high material utilization rate, high forming efficiency and the like, and is particularly suitable for manufacturing titanium-aluminum intermetallic compounds. The additive manufacturing technology can be divided into three methods of powder paving and selecting area melting, powder feeding melting and deposition and wire feeding melting and deposition according to different manufacturing processes. The invention patent with the publication number of CN110449581A discloses a method for preparing TiAl + Ti by laser melting deposition2The invention discloses a method for forming an AlNb composite material, which adopts a laser powder feeding melting deposition method to form the material, and solves the problem of forming a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound, but the laser melting technology has higher requirement on the quality of metal powder, the compactness has larger influence on the performance of a member, and the laser deposition rate is lower, so that the application of the AlNb composite material in the preparation of large members is limited.
The method adopting wire feeding melting deposition in the prior art can solve the problems, and the wire feeding melting deposition technology has high processing efficiency and high degree of freedom, and is particularly suitable for preparing large-size components. However, the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound has poor room temperature plasticity and is difficult to realize wire drawing, so that the feasibility of manufacturing the wire by wire drawing to realize additive manufacturing is extremely low. Three invention patents with the publication numbers of CN110605462A, CN112139650A and CN112139649A relate to a method for preparing intermetallic compounds by melting and depositing a wire, the three invention patents adopt a method of double-wire feeding, and the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compounds are prepared by controlling a double-wire feeding mechanism of titanium wires and aluminum wires. However, the double-wire feeding mechanism increases the equipment cost on one hand, and increases the complexity of the equipment movement mechanism on the other hand, so that the metal deposition path is influenced by problems such as movement interference in the deposition process, the preparation of a metal component with a complex structure is not facilitated, and certain limitations are provided.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a titanium flux-cored wire for additive manufacturing of titanium-aluminum intermetallic compounds, aiming at the defects of the prior art. The titanium flux-cored wire is formed by wrapping the powder flux core in the titanium shell, the problem that the room-temperature plasticity of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound is poor and the wire drawing is difficult to realize into the formed wire is solved, the preparation of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound by adopting a single welding wire is realized, and the component formed by the deposition of the titanium flux-cored wire has good strong plasticity matching.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: the titanium flux-cored wire for the additive manufacturing of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound is composed of a flux core wrapped with a titanium shell, wherein the flux core is in a powder state, and the titanium flux-cored wire is composed of the following components in percentage by mol: 40-50% of Al, 1-8% of Nb, 1-4% of Mo, 0.1-0.5% of B and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities.
According to the invention, the titanium flux-cored wire is prepared by adopting a mode that a titanium tube with excellent plasticity is used as a sheath to wrap composite powder, 40-50% of Al is added into a flux core to ensure that the atomic percentage requirement of a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound is met, the mechanical property of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound can be improved by adding 1-8% of Nb, 1-4% of Mo is added to promote the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound to form beta 0 phase to increase plasticity, and a trace amount of B is added to generate TiB in a deposition process so as to pin a grain boundary and achieve the purpose of refining grains.
The titanium flux-cored wire for the additive manufacturing of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound comprises the following components in percentage by mol: 43-45% of Al, 3-5% of Nb, 1-2% of Mo, 0.1-0.2% of B and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities.
The titanium flux-cored wire for additive manufacturing of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound has the powder flux core with the granularity of 200 meshes. By controlling the granularity of the flux core, the powder flux core has better fluidity and excellent filling effect, so that the porosity of the flux core is reduced, and the performance of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound is improved when the powder flux core is used for manufacturing the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound by electric arc additive manufacturing.
In addition, the invention also provides a preparation method of the titanium flux-cored wire for additive manufacturing of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound, which comprises the following steps:
step one, carrying out acid washing and ultrasonic cleaning on a titanium pipe in sequence to obtain a clean titanium pipe;
placing Al powder, Nb powder, Mo powder and B powder in a ball mill, and then carrying out ball milling in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain composite powder;
filling the composite powder obtained in the step two into the clean titanium pipe obtained in the step one, and sealing two ends of the clean titanium pipe to obtain a welding wire blank;
and step four, reducing and lengthening the welding wire blank obtained in the step three to obtain the titanium flux-cored wire for manufacturing the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound by the electric arc additive manufacturing.
In the method, in the first step, the ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter of the titanium tube is (1.3-1.5): 1. by controlling the ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter of the titanium pipe, the titanium flux-cored wire is ensured to have proper strength, and the content of titanium in the titanium flux-cored wire is ensured to meet the atomic percentage requirement of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound.
In the method, the reducing and drawing in the fourth step is rolling and drawing, and the welding wire blank is subjected to stress relief annealing after every two times of rolling and drawing, wherein the stress relief annealing is performed in a vacuum tube furnace for 45-60 min at the temperature of 630-650 ℃. The titanium flux-cored wire with the suitable outer diameter is prepared from the welding wire blank by reducing and lengthening, and the titanium tube is prevented from cracking by stress relief annealing in a vacuum tube furnace.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the powdery flux core is wrapped in the titanium shell to form the titanium flux-cored wire, so that the problem that the room-temperature plasticity of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound is poor and the wire drawing into the formed welding wire is difficult to realize is solved, the preparation of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound by adopting a single welding wire is realized, when the in-situ electric arc additive manufacturing is carried out on the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound, the additional modification of equipment is not needed, and the equipment investment is low.
2. According to the invention, the mechanical property of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound is improved by adding Nb, the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound is promoted to form beta 0 phase by adding Mo to increase plasticity, TiB is generated in the deposition process by adding B to pin the grain boundary, and the purpose of grain refinement is achieved, so that the component formed by the titanium flux-cored wire deposition has good strong plasticity matching.
3. The titanium flux-cored wire is high in processing efficiency and high in degree of freedom when used for wire feeding, melting and depositing the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound, is particularly suitable for preparing large-size components, and the prepared titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound has the advantages of flat and smooth surface, good forming quality, no defects of welding beading, oxidation, cracking or pores and the like.
4. According to the invention, by controlling the granularity of the flux core, the powder flux core has better fluidity and excellent filling effect, so that the porosity of the flux core is reduced, and the performance of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound is improved when the powder flux core is used for manufacturing the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound by electric arc additive manufacturing.
5. The invention ensures that the titanium flux-cored wire has proper strength and simultaneously ensures that the content of titanium in the titanium flux-cored wire meets the atomic percentage requirement of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound by controlling the ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter of the titanium tube; the titanium flux-cored wire with the suitable outer diameter is prepared from the welding wire blank by reducing and lengthening, and the titanium tube is prevented from cracking by stress relief annealing in a vacuum tube furnace.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and examples.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a titanium flux cored wire prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a physical diagram of a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an SEM photograph of a titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The titanium flux-cored wire for manufacturing the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound by the electric arc additive comprises a flux core wrapped with a titanium shell, wherein the flux core is in a powder state, and the titanium flux-cored wire comprises the following components in percentage by mol: 44% of Al, 4% of Nb, 1.5% of Mo, 0.15% of B and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities.
The preparation method of the titanium flux-cored wire comprises the following steps:
step one, carrying out acid washing and ultrasonic cleaning on a titanium pipe in sequence to obtain a clean titanium pipe; the ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter of the titanium pipe is 1.4: 1;
placing Al powder, Nb powder, Mo powder and B powder in a ball mill, and then carrying out ball milling in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain composite powder;
filling the composite powder obtained in the step two into the clean titanium pipe obtained in the step one, and sealing two ends of the clean titanium pipe to obtain a welding wire blank; the sealing is carried out by TIG welding;
and step four, reducing and lengthening the welding wire blank obtained in the step three to obtain the titanium flux-cored welding wire for manufacturing the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound by electric arc additive manufacturing, wherein the reducing and lengthening are rolling and drawing, the welding wire blank is subjected to stress relief annealing after every two times of rolling and drawing, and the stress relief annealing is carried out in a vacuum tube furnace for 45min at the temperature of 650 ℃.
The titanium flux-cored wire prepared by the embodiment is used for preparing the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound in an electric arc additive manufacturing mode, and the obtained titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound has good forming quality, flat and smooth surface and no defects of cracking, pores, welding beading, oxidation and the like.
Fig. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the titanium flux-cored wire prepared in this embodiment, and it can be seen from fig. 1 that the titanium flux-cored wire prepared in this embodiment has a structure in which a flux core is covered with a titanium sheath.
FIG. 2 is a diagram of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound prepared in this example, and it can be seen from FIG. 2 that the formed member has a smooth surface, good forming quality, and no defects such as flash and oxidation.
FIG. 3 is an SEM image of the intermetallic Ti-Al compound prepared in this example, and it can be seen from FIG. 3 that the microstructure of the material consists of lamellar intermetallic Ti-Al compound and small amount of equiaxed alpha2-Ti3The Al composition is a typical titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound structure, and has no defects such as cracking, pores and the like.
Example 2
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: and the sealing in the third step is carried out by laser welding, the stress annealing treatment in the fourth step is carried out for 60min, and the temperature is 630 ℃.
The titanium flux-cored wire prepared by the embodiment is used for preparing the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound in an electric arc additive manufacturing mode, and the obtained titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound has good forming quality, flat and smooth surface and no defects of cracking, pores, welding beading, oxidation and the like.
Example 3
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: and the sealing in the third step is carried out by adopting electron beam welding, the stress annealing treatment time in the fourth step is 50min, and the temperature is 640 ℃.
The titanium flux-cored wire prepared by the embodiment is used for preparing the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound in an electric arc additive manufacturing mode, and the obtained titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound has good forming quality, flat and smooth surface and no defects of cracking, pores, welding beading, oxidation and the like.
Example 4
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the titanium flux-cored wire comprises the following components in percentage by mole: 40% of Al, 6% of Nb, 1% of Mo, 0.2% of B and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities; and in the third step, the sealing is carried out by adopting plasma arc welding.
The titanium flux-cored wire prepared by the embodiment is used for preparing the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound in an electric arc additive manufacturing mode, and the obtained titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound has good forming quality, flat and smooth surface and no defects of cracking, pores, welding beading, oxidation and the like.
Example 5
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the titanium flux-cored wire comprises the following components in percentage by mole: 50% of Al, 1% of Nb, 4% of Mo, 0.4% of B and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities.
The titanium flux-cored wire prepared by the embodiment is used for preparing the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound in an electric arc additive manufacturing mode, and the obtained titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound has good forming quality, flat and smooth surface and no defects of cracking, pores, welding beading, oxidation and the like.
Example 6
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the titanium flux-cored wire comprises the following components in percentage by mole: 44% of Al, 8% of Nb, 2% of Mo, 0.5% of B and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities.
The titanium flux-cored wire prepared by the embodiment is used for preparing the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound in an electric arc additive manufacturing mode, and the obtained titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound has good forming quality, flat and smooth surface and no defects of cracking, pores, welding beading, oxidation and the like.
Example 7
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the titanium flux-cored wire comprises the following components in percentage by mole: 46% of Al, 2% of Nb, 3% of Mo, 0.1% of B and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities.
The titanium flux-cored wire prepared by the embodiment is used for preparing the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound in an electric arc additive manufacturing mode, and the obtained titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound has good forming quality, flat and smooth surface and no defects of cracking, pores, welding beading, oxidation and the like.
Example 8
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the titanium flux-cored wire comprises the following components in percentage by mole: 43% of Al, 5% of Nb, 1% of Mo, 0.1% of B and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities.
The titanium flux-cored wire prepared by the embodiment is used for preparing the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound in an electric arc additive manufacturing mode, and the obtained titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound has good forming quality, flat and smooth surface and no defects of cracking, pores, welding beading, oxidation and the like.
Example 9
The present embodiment is different from embodiment 1 in that: the titanium flux-cored wire comprises the following components in percentage by mole: 45% of Al, 3% of Nb, 2% of Mo, 0.2% of B and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities.
The titanium flux-cored wire prepared by the embodiment is used for preparing the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound in an electric arc additive manufacturing mode, and the obtained titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound has good forming quality, flat and smooth surface and no defects of cracking, pores, welding beading, oxidation and the like.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Any simple modification, change and equivalent changes of the above embodiments according to the technical essence of the invention are still within the protection scope of the technical solution of the invention.

Claims (6)

1. The titanium flux-cored wire for additive manufacturing of the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound is characterized by comprising a flux core wrapped with a titanium shell, wherein the flux core is in a powder state, and the titanium flux-cored wire comprises the following components in percentage by mol: 40-50% of Al, 1-8% of Nb, 1-4% of Mo, 0.1-0.5% of B and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities.
2. The titanium flux-cored wire for additive manufacturing of titanium-aluminum intermetallic compounds according to claim 1, characterized in that the titanium flux-cored wire is composed of the following components in mole percent: 43-45% of Al, 3-5% of Nb, 1-2% of Mo, 0.1-0.2% of B and the balance of Ti and inevitable impurities.
3. The titanium flux-cored welding wire for additive manufacturing of titanium-aluminum intermetallic compounds according to claim 1, characterized in that the particle size of the core in the powder state is 200 mesh.
4. A method of preparing a titanium flux cored wire for additive manufacturing of an intermetallic titanium-aluminium compound according to any of the claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of:
step one, carrying out acid washing and ultrasonic cleaning on a titanium pipe in sequence to obtain a clean titanium pipe;
placing Al powder, Nb powder, Mo powder and B powder in a ball mill, and then carrying out ball milling in an inert gas atmosphere to obtain composite powder;
filling the composite powder obtained in the step two into the clean titanium pipe obtained in the step one, and sealing two ends of the clean titanium pipe to obtain a welding wire blank;
and step four, reducing and lengthening the welding wire blank obtained in the step three to obtain the titanium flux-cored wire for manufacturing the titanium-aluminum intermetallic compound by the electric arc additive manufacturing.
5. The method according to claim 4, wherein the ratio of the outer diameter to the inner diameter of the titanium tube in the first step is (1.3-1.5): 1.
6. the method according to claim 4, wherein the reducing and drawing in the fourth step is rolling and drawing, and the welding wire blank is subjected to stress relief annealing after every two times of rolling and drawing, wherein the stress relief annealing is performed in a vacuum tube furnace for 45-60 min at the temperature of 630-650 ℃.
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CN113523643B (en) * 2021-09-17 2022-01-28 西安稀有金属材料研究院有限公司 Ti/Al composite wire for additive manufacturing of TiAl alloy and preparation method thereof
CN114043121A (en) * 2021-12-15 2022-02-15 深圳职业技术学院 Powder-cored welding wire for additive manufacturing and preparation method and application thereof
CN114473294A (en) * 2021-12-28 2022-05-13 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 Ti-Al-V-Mo series metal powder core flux-cored wire and preparation method thereof
CN114473294B (en) * 2021-12-28 2022-10-14 哈尔滨焊接研究院有限公司 Ti-Al-V-Mo series metal powder core flux-cored wire and preparation method thereof
CN114952071A (en) * 2022-05-30 2022-08-30 北京智双科技发展有限公司 Surfacing wear-resistant flux-cored wire for titanium-based drill rod and preparation method and application thereof
CN114952071B (en) * 2022-05-30 2024-02-27 北京智双科技发展有限公司 Surfacing wear-resistant flux-cored wire for titanium-based drill rod and preparation method and application thereof

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