CN113245066A - Polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113245066A
CN113245066A CN202110696516.4A CN202110696516A CN113245066A CN 113245066 A CN113245066 A CN 113245066A CN 202110696516 A CN202110696516 A CN 202110696516A CN 113245066 A CN113245066 A CN 113245066A
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Prior art keywords
xanthate
polyalkoxy
chloride
alkyl
alkenyl
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CN113245066B (en
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张行荣
熊伟
路亮
朱阳戈
韩龙
张丹
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Beijing General Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy
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Beijing General Research Institute of Mining and Metallurgy
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D1/00—Flotation
    • B03D1/001—Flotation agents
    • B03D1/004—Organic compounds
    • B03D1/012—Organic compounds containing sulfur
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D2201/00—Specified effects produced by the flotation agents
    • B03D2201/02—Collectors
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B03—SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS USING LIQUIDS OR USING PNEUMATIC TABLES OR JIGS; MAGNETIC OR ELECTROSTATIC SEPARATION OF SOLID MATERIALS FROM SOLID MATERIALS OR FLUIDS; SEPARATION BY HIGH-VOLTAGE ELECTRIC FIELDS
    • B03D—FLOTATION; DIFFERENTIAL SEDIMENTATION
    • B03D2203/00—Specified materials treated by the flotation agents; specified applications
    • B03D2203/02—Ores

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Abstract

The invention provides a polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent and a preparation method and application thereof, and relates to the technical field of mineral processing. The polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent can be used for flotation of single copper sulfide ore, copper-lead-zinc multi-metal sulfide ore, copper molybdenum ore and copper sulfide ore containing precious metals such as gold and silver. Compared with the traditional polyalkoxy xanthate, the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent disclosed by the invention has the technical advantages of high selectivity, strong collecting capability and the like, has the characteristics of convenience in addition, small using amount, safety in use and the like, and is beneficial to improving the separation technical index of the polymetallic sulfide ore.

Description

Polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mineral processing, in particular to a polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
At present, in the flotation of non-ferrous metal ores, xanthate is usually used as a collecting agent, the xanthate can be used for the flotation of polymetallic sulfide ores such as copper, lead, zinc, sulfur and the like, the collecting capability of the xanthate is enhanced along with the increase of a carbon chain, but the water solubility of the xanthate is poor, the xanthate with a polyalkoxy long carbon chain has both the collecting capability and the water solubility, and compared with the traditional xanthate, the xanthate has the advantages of small using amount, short flotation time and the like, and is more beneficial to flotation operation, but the collecting agent still has the defect of poor selectivity compared with the traditional xanthate.
Esterification of xanthate is the most common means for improving selectivity, and the prior art is an improvement on the basis of the traditional xanthate structure, and the traditional structure is not changed, and the flotation performance is further improved on the basis of the traditional structure.
In view of the above, the present invention is particularly proposed.
Disclosure of Invention
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collector which can be used for flotation of single copper sulfide ore, copper-lead-zinc multi-metal sulfide ore, copper molybdenum ore and copper sulfide ore containing precious metals such as gold and silver, and the like, has the technical advantages of high selectivity, strong collecting capability and the like, has the characteristics of convenience in addition, small using amount, safety in use and the like, and is beneficial to improving the technical index of separation of the multi-metal sulfide ore.
The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent, which takes polyalkoxy xanthate and halogenated compounds as starting materials to carry out condensation reaction to obtain the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent and has the technical advantages of simple preparation process, convenient operation, high yield and the like.
The invention also aims to provide the application of the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent in the flotation of the polymetallic sulfide ore, which can improve the separation technical index of the polymetallic sulfide ore or the noble metal sulfide ore carrying gold, silver and the like.
In order to achieve the above purpose of the present invention, the following technical solutions are adopted:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a polyalkoxy xanthate sulphide ore collector, a compound represented by the following general formula (1):
Figure F_210622184504985_985017001
（1）
wherein n is selected from 0 or 1;
a and b are independently selected from integers of 1-6;
R1is C4-C18Alkyl of (C)4-C18Alkenyl of, C4-C18Aryl of (C)4-C18Or a group of formula (2), wherein R is C1～C8Alkyl of (a) > C6Cycloalkyl of, C2～C8Alkenyl of, C2～C8Alkynyl of (A), C2～C18Saturated or unsaturated acyl radical of (2), C6～C10Substituted or unsubstituted aryl of (a);
Figure F_210622184505094_094453002
（2）
R2、R3、R5、R6independently is hydrogen or C1～C8Alkyl groups of (a);
R4is C1～C8Alkyl of (a) > C6Cycloalkyl of, C2～C8Alkenyl of, C2～C8Alkynyl of (A), C2～C18Saturated or unsaturated acyl radical of (2), C6～C10Substituted or unsubstituted aryl of (a);
R7is C4～C18Alkyl of (C)4～C18Alkenyl of, C4～C18Aryl or C of4-C18A cycloalkyl group of (a).
Further, the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collector is a compound represented by the following general formula (3) or general formula (4):
Figure F_210622184505203_203790003
（3）
wherein a is selected from an integer of 1 to 3;
R1is C4～C18Alkyl of (C)4～C18Alkenyl of, C4～C18Aryl or C of4～C18Cycloalkyl groups of (a);
R2、R3independently hydrogen, methyl or ethyl;
R4is C1～C8Alkyl of (C)6-C12Cycloalkyl of, C2～C8Alkenyl of, C2～C8Alkynyl of (A), C2～C18Acyl group of a saturated or unsaturated hydrocarbon chain, C6～C10Substituted or unsubstituted aryl of (a);
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
Figure F_210622184505297_297476004
（4）
wherein a is selected from an integer of 1 to 3;
R2、R3independently hydrogen, methyl or ethyl;
R、R4independently is C1～C8Alkyl of (C)6～C12Cycloalkyl of, C2～C8Alkenyl of, C2～C8Alkynyl of (A), C2～C18Saturated or unsaturated acyl radical of (2), C6～C10Substituted or unsubstituted aryl of (a).
Further, the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collector is a compound represented by the following general formula (5):
Figure F_210622184505408_408895005
（5）
wherein a and b are independently selected from integers of 1-3;
R1、R7independently is C4～C18Alkyl of (C)4～C18Alkenyl of, C4～C18Aryl of (2)Or C4～C18Cycloalkyl groups of (a);
R2、R3、R5、R6independently hydrogen, methyl or ethyl;
R4is methylene or ethylene.
Further, the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent is any one of the following compounds:
Figure F_210622184505516_516256006
Figure F_210622184505625_625664007
Figure F_210622184505703_703717008
Figure F_210622184505797_797964009
Figure F_210622184505891_891278010
Figure F_210622184505984_984988011
Figure F_210622184506063_063195012
Figure F_210622184506172_172503013
Figure F_210622184506281_281888014
Figure F_210622184506391_391713015
Figure F_210622184506484_484981016
Figure F_210622184506594_594560017
Figure F_210622184506688_688123018
Figure F_210622184506767_767186019
Figure F_210622184506859_859956020
Figure F_210622184506938_938118021
Figure F_210622184507032_032038022
Figure F_210622184507125_125702023
Figure F_210622184507219_219436024
Figure F_210622184507313_313188025
Figure F_210622184507438_438136026
Figure F_210622184507547_547487027
Figure F_210622184507644_644647028
Figure F_210622184507769_769113029
Figure F_210622184507860_860004030
Figure F_210622184507970_970401031
Figure F_210622184508078_078711032
Figure F_210622184508188_188265033
Figure F_210622184508297_297508034
Figure F_210622184508391_391309035
Figure F_210622184508500_500669036
Figure F_210622184508610_610093037
Figure F_210622184508703_703748038
Figure F_210622184508813_813163039
Figure F_210622184508906_906965040
Figure F_210622184509000_000774041
Figure F_210622184509172_172528042
Figure F_210622184509391_391267043
Figure F_210622184509547_547500044
Figure F_210622184509672_672562045
Figure F_210622184509828_828724046
Figure F_210622184509955_955681047
Figure F_210622184510032_032077048
Figure F_210622184510125_125658049
Figure F_210622184510234_234968050
Figure F_210622184510328_328733051
Figure F_210622184510469_469443052
Figure F_210622184510609_609984053
Figure F_210622184510750_750650054
Figure F_210622184510828_828733055
Figure F_210622184510938_938210056
Figure F_210622184511047_047488057
。
in a second aspect, the invention provides a preparation method of the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent, which comprises the following steps:
carrying out condensation reaction on polyalkoxy xanthate and halogenated compounds to obtain the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent;
wherein the polyalkoxyxanthene is a compound represented by the following general formula (6):
Figure F_210622184511164_164191058
（6）
c is an integer from 1 to 6;
me is a metal atom;
R9、R10independently is hydrogen or C1～C8Alkyl groups of (a);
the polyalkoxy xanthate is any one of polyalkoxy xanthate or polyalkoxy bisxanthate;
r in the structure of the polyalkoxy xanthate8Is C4～C18Alkyl of (C)4～C18Alkenyl of, C4～C18Aryl or C of4～C18Cycloalkyl groups of (a);
r in the structure of the polyalkoxy bisxanthate8Is a group represented by the formula (7), wherein Me1Is a metal atom;
Figure F_210622184511266_266296059
（7）；
the halogenated compound is a compound represented by the following general formula (8):
Figure F_210622184511362_362969060
（8）
wherein m is selected from 1 or 2;
x is a halogen element;
R11is C1～C8Alkyl of (a) > C6Cycloalkyl of, C2～C8Alkenyl of, C2～C8A hydrocarbon group of2～C18Saturated or unsaturated acyl radical of (2), C6～C10Substituted or unsubstituted aryl of (a).
Further, the polyalkoxy monazitide comprises at least one of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether xanthate, ethylene glycol tertiary butyl ether xanthate, ethylene glycol isooctyl ether xanthate, ethylene glycol anisole xanthate, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether xanthate, diethylene glycol tertiary butyl ether xanthate, diethylene glycol isooctyl ether xanthate and diethylene glycol anisole xanthate;
further, the polyalkoxy bisxanthate comprises at least one of ethylene glycol bisxanthate, diethylene glycol bisxanthate, triethylene glycol bisxanthate and polyethylene glycol bisxanthate.
Further, m =1, and the halogenated compound includes at least one of ethyl chloride, propyl chloride, butyl chloride, pentyl chloride, benzyl chloride, allyl chloride, benzoyl chloride, acryloyl chloride, ethyl chloroformate, butyl chloroformate, isobutyl chloroformate, allyl chloroformate, butyryl chloride, valeryl chloride, caproyl chloride, caprylyl chloride, and lauroyl chloride;
further, the molar ratio of the polyalkoxy xanthene to the halogenated compound is 1-1.05: 1;
further, the molar ratio of the polyalkoxy bisxanthate to the halogenated compound is 1-1.05: 2;
further, the temperature of the condensation reaction is 0-90 ℃, and the time of the condensation reaction is 1-12 h.
Further, m =2, and the halogenated compound is any one of dichloromethane and dichloroethane;
further, the molar ratio of the polyalkoxy xanthene to the halogenated compound is 2-2.1: 1;
further, the temperature of the condensation reaction is 0-90 ℃, and the time of the condensation reaction is 1-12 h.
In a third aspect, the invention provides an application of the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent in flotation of polymetallic sulfide ores.
Further, the adding amount of the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent relative to the polymetallic sulfide ore is 5-600 g/t;
further, the multi-metal sulphide ore comprises at least one of copper sulphide ore, copper lead zinc sulphide ore, copper molybdenum sulphide ore and copper sulphide ore containing gold and silver.
Compared with the prior art, the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent and the preparation method and application thereof provided by the invention have at least the following beneficial effects:
the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent provided by the invention improves the selectivity of the original polyalkoxy xanthate collecting agent to a certain specific mineral and has the collecting capability at the same time, has obvious collecting capability and selectivity to single copper sulfide ore, multi-metal sulfide ores such as copper lead zinc and the like, copper molybdenum ore and the like and noble metal sulfide ores associated with gold, silver and the like, and can obtain good technical indexes when being applied to actual ore flotation.
The polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent is obtained by taking polyalkoxy xanthate and halogenated compounds as starting materials and performing condensation reaction, and has the technical advantages of simple preparation process, convenience in operation, high yield and the like.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the following embodiments, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention.
In order to improve the selectivity of the polyalkoxy xanthate collecting agent to a certain specific mineral and simultaneously have the collecting capacity, the invention carries out esterification modification on the original polyalkoxy xanthate to obtain the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide mineral collecting agent which can be used as a flotation collecting agent for multi-metal sulfide minerals such as single copper sulfide minerals, copper-lead-zinc and the like, copper molybdenum minerals, noble metal copper sulfide minerals containing gold, silver and the like, has the advantages of small using amount, good selectivity and the like, and is more beneficial to improving the separation index of the multi-metal sulfide minerals.
According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a polyalkoxy xanthate sulphide ore collector,
a compound represented by the following general formula (1):
Figure F_210622184511469_469901061
（1）
wherein n is selected from 0 or 1;
a and b are independently selected from integers of 1-6, a is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6;
R1is C4-C18Alkyl of (C)4-C18Alkenyl of, C4-C18Aryl of (C)4-C18Or a group of formula (2), wherein R is C1～C8Alkyl of (a) > C6Cycloalkyl of, C2～C8Alkenyl of, C2～C8Alkynyl of (A), C2～C18Is saturated or unsaturatedAcyl group of (1), C6～C10Substituted or unsubstituted aryl of (a);
Figure F_210622184511578_578827062
（2）
R2、R3、R5、R6independently is hydrogen or C1～C8Alkyl of (C)1～C8The alkyl group of (A) may be linear or branched, R2、R3、R5、R6Which may be the same or different, include but are not limited to methyl (CH)3-, ethyl (C)2H5-) n-propyl (-CH)2CH2CH3) Isopropyl (-CH (CH)3)2) N-butyl (-CH)2CH2CH2CH3) Isobutyl (-CH)2CH(CH3)CH3) Sec-butyl (-CH (CH)3)CH2CH3) And tert-butyl (-C (CH)3)2CH3)。
R4Is C1～C8Alkyl of (a) > C6Cycloalkyl radical, C2～C8Alkenyl of, C2～C8Alkynyl of (A), C2～C18Saturated or unsaturated acyl radical of (2), C6～C10Substituted or unsubstituted aryl of (a);
R7is C4～C18Alkyl of (C)4～C18Alkenyl of, C4～C18Aryl or C of4～C18A cycloalkyl group of (a).
In the above structure of the general formula (1):
(I) when n is 0, the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent of the invention is a compound represented by the general formula (3) or the general formula (4):
Figure F_210622184511703_703753063
（3）
wherein a is an integer from 1 to 6, a and b are independently 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6;
R1is C4～C18Alkyl of (C)4～C18Alkenyl of, C4～C18Aryl or C of4～C18The cycloalkyl group of (a) can be straight or branched chain, the alkyl group includes but is not limited to n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, and octyl, the alkenyl group includes but is not limited to butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, and octenyl, the aryl group includes but is not limited to phenyl, tolyl, ethylbenzene, and propylphenyl, and the cycloalkyl group includes but is not limited to cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl.
R2、R3Independently hydrogen, methyl or ethyl;
R4is C1～C8Alkyl of (C)6~C12Cycloalkyl of, C2～C8Alkenyl of, C2～C8Alkynyl of (A), C2～C18Saturated or unsaturated acyl radical of (2), C6～C10Substituted or unsubstituted aryl of (a);
wherein, alkyl or alkenyl or alkynyl groups may be straight or branched, alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl and pentyl, alkenyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethenyl and propenyl, saturated acyl groups include, but are not limited to, butyryl, pentanoyl, hexanoyl, octanoyl, decanoyl and lauroyl, unsaturated acyl groups include, but are not limited to, acryloyl, benzoyl and chloroformate groups, and substituted aryl groups include, but are not limited to, benzyl.
In a preferred embodiment, the compound represented by the general formula (3), a is selected from an integer of 1 to 3, and a is 1, 2 or 3.
Alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
Figure F_210622184511859_859968064
（4）
wherein a is an integer from 1 to 6, a and b are independently 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6;
R2、R3independently is hydrogen,Methyl or ethyl;
R、R4independently is C1～C8Alkyl of (C)6～C12Cycloalkyl of, C2～C8Alkenyl of, C2～C8Alkynyl of (A), C2～C18Saturated or unsaturated acyl radical of (2), C6～C10Substituted or unsubstituted aryl of (a). Wherein, alkyl or alkenyl or alkynyl groups may be straight or branched, alkyl groups include, but are not limited to, methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl and pentyl, alkenyl groups include, but are not limited to, ethenyl and propenyl, saturated acyl groups include, but are not limited to, butyryl, pentanoyl, hexanoyl, octanoyl, decanoyl and lauroyl, unsaturated acyl groups include, but are not limited to, acryloyl, benzoyl and chloroformate groups, and substituted aryl groups include, but are not limited to, benzyl.
In a preferred embodiment, the compound represented by the general formula (4), a is selected from an integer of 1 to 3, and a is 1, 2 or 3.
In the above structure of the general formula (1):
(II) when n is 1, the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collector of the invention is a compound represented by the general formula (5):
Figure F_210622184511985_985018065
（5）
wherein a and b are independently selected from integers of 1-6, and a and b are independently 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6;
R1、R7independently is C4～C18Alkyl of (C)4～C18Alkenyl of, C4-C18Aryl or C of4-C18Cycloalkyl of, R1、R7Which may be the same or different, the alkyl or alkenyl group may be straight or branched, the alkyl group includes, but is not limited to, n-butyl, isobutyl, sec-butyl, tert-butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, and octyl, the alkenyl group includes, but is not limited to, butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, and octenyl, the aryl group includes, but is not limited to, phenyl, tolyl, ethylbenzeneAnd propylphenyl, cycloalkyl groups include, but are not limited to, cyclobutyl, cyclopentyl, and cyclohexyl.
R2、R3、R5、R6Independently hydrogen, methyl or ethyl;
R4is C1～C8Alkyl of (C)6～C12Cycloalkyl of, C2～C8Alkenyl of, C2～C8Alkynyl of (A), C2～C18Saturated or unsaturated acyl radical of (2), C6～C10Substituted or unsubstituted aryl of (a).
In a preferred embodiment, the compound represented by the general formula (5), a, b are independently an integer selected from 1 to 3, and a, b are independently 1, 2 or 3.
In a preferred embodiment, the compound represented by the general formula (5), R4Is methylene or ethylene.
The typical structure of the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent disclosed by the invention is any one of the following structures:
further, the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent is any one of the following compounds:
Figure F_210622184512109_109970066
Figure F_210622184512219_219381067
Figure F_210622184512313_313249068
Figure F_210622184512422_422506069
Figure F_210622184512516_516206070
Figure F_210622184512594_594387071
Figure F_210622184512688_688625072
Figure F_210622184512767_767712073
Figure F_210622184512859_859962074
Figure F_210622184512972_972823075
Figure F_210622184513047_047493076
Figure F_210622184513157_157897077
Figure F_210622184513266_266257078
Figure F_210622184513379_379182079
Figure F_210622184513484_484959080
Figure F_210622184513594_594440081
Figure F_210622184513688_688170082
Figure F_210622184513797_797994083
Figure F_210622184513906_906886084
Figure F_210622184514000_000658085
Figure F_210622184514094_094453086
Figure F_210622184514203_203889087
Figure F_210622184514313_313145088
Figure F_210622184514422_422633089
Figure F_210622184514531_531905090
Figure F_210622184514656_656889091
Figure F_210622184514778_778907092
Figure F_210622184514891_891220093
Figure F_210622184514973_973078094
Figure F_210622184515078_078926095
Figure F_210622184515188_188186096
Figure F_210622184515297_297483097
Figure F_210622184515407_407386098
Figure F_210622184515500_500661099
Figure F_210622184515625_625701100
Figure F_210622184515703_703712101
Figure F_210622184515797_797951102
Figure F_210622184515906_906876103
Figure F_210622184516000_000637104
Figure F_210622184516110_110002105
Figure F_210622184516220_220176106
Figure F_210622184516313_313143107
Figure F_210622184516422_422649108
Figure F_210622184516547_547663109
Figure F_210622184516656_656901110
Figure F_210622184516767_767687111
Figure F_210622184516875_875634112
Figure F_210622184516971_971473113
Figure F_210622184517079_079098114
Figure F_210622184517203_203826115
Figure F_210622184517313_313176116
Figure F_210622184517438_438131117
。
the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent provided by the invention contains a plurality of ether groups, and is beneficial to improving the dispersibility of the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent in ore pulp; the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent provided by the invention contains 1 ester group or 2 ester groups, is beneficial to improving the selectivity of polyalkoxy xanthate, can be used as a flotation collecting agent for multi-metal sulfide ores such as single copper sulfide ore, copper-lead-zinc ore and the like, copper-molybdenum ores and noble metal copper sulfide ores containing gold, silver and the like, and is beneficial to improving the separation index of the multi-metal sulfide ores; the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent provided by the invention can be directly added without being dissolved by water when in use, has the technical advantages of small dosage, good selectivity and the like, and can effectively replace the existing traditional xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent.
According to a second aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for preparing the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collector, comprising the following steps:
carrying out condensation reaction on polyalkoxy xanthate and halogenated compounds to obtain a polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent;
among them, the polyalkoxyxanthates of the present invention are compounds represented by the following general formula (6):
Figure F_210622184517547_547502118
（6）
c is an integer from 1 to 6, c is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 or 6;
me is a metal atom, Me includes, but is not limited to, metallic sodium and metallic potassium;
R9、R10independently is hydrogen or C1～C8Alkyl of (C)1～C8The alkyl group of (A) may be linear or branched, R9、R10Which may be the same or different, include but are not limited to methyl (CH)3-, ethyl (C)2H5-) n-propyl (-CH)2CH2CH3) Isopropyl (-CH (CH)3)2) N-butyl (-CH)2CH2CH2CH3) Isobutyl (-CH)2CH(CH3)CH3) Sec-butyl (-CH (CH)3)CH2CH3) And tert-butyl (-C (CH)3)2CH3)；
The polyalkoxy xanthate is any one of polyalkoxy xanthate or polyalkoxy bisxanthate;
wherein R in the structure of the polyalkoxy xanthene8Is C4～C18Alkyl of (C)4～C18Alkenyl of, C4～C18Aryl or C of4～C18Cycloalkyl groups of (a);
r in the structure of polyalkoxy bisxanthate8Is a group represented by the formula (7), wherein Me1Is a metal atom, Me1Including but not limited to metallic sodium and metallic potassium;
Figure F_210622184517656_656913119
（7）；
the halogenated compound of the present invention is a compound represented by the following general formula (8):
Figure F_210622184517750_750805120
（8）
wherein m is selected from 1 or 2;
x is a halogen element, including but not limited to fluorine, chlorine, bromine, and iodine;
R11is C1～C8Alkyl of (a) > C6Cycloalkyl of, C2～C8Alkenyl of, C2～C8A hydrocarbon group of2～C18Saturated or unsaturated acyl radical of (2), C6～C10Substituted or unsubstituted aryl of (a). Wherein, alkyl or alkenyl or alkynyl may be straight or branched, alkyl includes but is not limited to methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl and pentyl, alkenyl includes but is not limited to ethenyl and propenyl, saturated acyl includes but is not limited to butyryl, pentanoyl, hexanoyl, octanoyl, decanoyl and lauroyl, unsaturated acyl includes but is not limited to acryloyl, benzoyl and chloroformate, substituted acylAryl groups of (a) include, but are not limited to, benzyl.
The polyalkoxy xanthate contains one or more vinyl ether groups, is a long-carbon-chain xanthate, has stronger collecting capability and hydrophilic performance than the traditional xanthate, has stronger foamability, and has the characteristics of less dosage, high flotation speed and the like.
The polyalkoxy monazitane used in the invention comprises at least one of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether xanthate, ethylene glycol tertiary butyl ether xanthate, ethylene glycol isooctyl ether xanthate, ethylene glycol anisole xanthate, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether xanthate, diethylene glycol tertiary butyl ether xanthate, diethylene glycol isooctyl ether xanthate and diethylene glycol anisole xanthate; the polyalkoxy bisxanthates useful in the present invention include, but are not limited to, at least one of ethylene glycol bisxanthate and diethylene glycol bisxanthate.
In a preferred embodiment, m =1 represents the halogenated compound of the present invention, and the monohalogenated compound includes at least one of ethyl chloride, propyl chloride, butyl chloride, pentyl chloride, benzyl chloride, allyl chloride, benzoyl chloride, acryloyl chloride, ethyl chloroformate, butyl chloroformate, isobutyl chloroformate, allyl chloroformate, butyryl chloride, valeryl chloride, hexanoyl chloride, octanoyl chloride, decanoyl chloride, and lauroyl chloride, wherein the molar ratio of the polyalkoxy monothiocarbonate to the monohalogenated compound is 1-1.05: 1; the molar ratio of the polyalkoxy bisxanthate to the monohalogenated compound is 1-1.05: 2;
in a preferred embodiment, m =2, the halogenated compound is any one of dichloromethane and dichloroethane, and the molar ratio of the polyalkoxy xanthene to the halogenated compound is 2-2.1: 1;
in a preferred embodiment, the condensation reaction temperature of the present invention is 0 to 90 ℃, and typical but non-limiting condensation reaction temperatures are, for example, 10 ℃, 20 ℃, 30 ℃, 40 ℃, 50 ℃, 60 ℃, 70 ℃, 80 ℃, 90 ℃; the condensation reaction time is 1-12 h, and typical but non-limiting condensation reaction times are 1h, 2h, 3h, 4h, 5h, 6h, 7h, 8h, 9h, 10h, 11h and 12 h.
A typical preparation method of a polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent comprises the following steps:
carrying out condensation reaction on polyalkoxy xanthate and monochloro compound at a molar ratio of 1-1.05: 1 or 2-2.1: 1 and dichloro compound at 0-90 ℃ for 1-12 h to obtain a polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent; or carrying out condensation reaction on the polyalkoxy bisxanthate and the monochloro compound for 1-12 h at the molar ratio of 1-1.05: 2 at the temperature of 0-90 ℃ to obtain the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent.
The preparation process of the collecting agent is simple, the operation is convenient, and the reaction condition is mild.
According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the use of a polyalkoxy xanthate sulphide ore collector in the flotation of polymetallic sulphide ores. The polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent is added in an amount of 5-600 g/t relative to polymetallic sulfide ores, wherein typical but non-limiting adding amounts are 5g/t, 10g/t, 100g/t, 120g/t, 140g/t, 160g/t, 200g/t, 250g/t, 300g/t, 400g/t, 450g/t, 500g/t, 550g/t and 600g/t, and the polymetallic sulfide ores comprise at least one of copper sulfide ores, copper-lead-zinc sulfide ores, copper-molybdenum sulfide ores and gold-containing silver sulfide ores.
The application method of the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent for flotation of the polymetallic sulfide ore provided by the invention comprises the following steps:
the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent is added in the grinding or flotation process of the polymetallic sulfide ore, and the flotation of the polymetallic sulfide ore can be realized through foam flotation under the condition of a proper medicament system, wherein the adding amount of the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent relative to the raw ore is 5-600 g/t.
The invention is further illustrated by the following examples. The materials in the examples are prepared according to known methods or are directly commercially available, unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
The polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent is prepared by the following steps:
(1) adding 11.8 parts of ethylene glycolAdding butyl ether and 4.0 parts of sodium hydroxide into a 100 mL three-necked bottle, adding 50 mL of water, fully stirring, heating to 40 ℃, and then dropwise adding 8.0 parts of CS2After the dropwise addition, fully stirring and reacting for 3 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain a corresponding ethylene glycol monobutyl ether xanthate solution;
(2) and (3) dropwise adding 7.8 parts of allyl chloride into the ethylene glycol monobutyl ether xanthate solution, after dropwise adding within 30min, heating to 60 ℃, continuing to react for 3h, transferring to a separating funnel, cooling, standing, and layering, wherein the upper oil phase is the ethylene glycol monobutyl ether xanthate allyl ester collecting agent, the product is light yellow liquid, and the yield is 92.3%.
Example 2
The polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent is prepared by the following steps:
(1) placing 16.2 parts of diethylene glycol monobutyl ether and 4.0 parts of sodium hydroxide into a 100 mL three-necked bottle, adding 60 mL of water, fully stirring, heating to 40 ℃, and then dropwise adding 8.0 parts of CS2After the dropwise addition, fully stirring and reacting for 3 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain a corresponding diethylene glycol monobutyl ether xanthate solution;
(2) 14.1 parts of benzoyl chloride is taken and dripped into the diethylene glycol monobutyl ether xanthate solution, after dripping is finished within 30min, the reaction is continued for 3h under the condition of 30 ℃, then the mixture is transferred into a separating funnel, and is layered after cooling and standing, the lower oil phase is the ethylene glycol monobutyl ether xanthate benzoyl ester collecting agent, the product is dark green liquid, and the yield is 95.6%.
Example 3
The polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent is prepared by the following steps:
(1) putting 10.6 parts of diethylene glycol and 8.0 parts of sodium hydroxide into a 100 mL three-necked flask, adding 60 mL of water, fully stirring, heating to 45 ℃, and then dropwise adding 16.0 parts of CS2After the dropwise addition, fully stirring and reacting for 4 hours at the temperature of 45 ℃ to obtain a corresponding diethylene glycol bisxanthate solution;
(2) 15.6 parts of allyl chloride is taken and dripped into the diethylene glycol bis-xanthate solution, the reaction is continued for 5 hours at the temperature of 60 ℃, then the mixture is transferred into a separating funnel, and the mixture is cooled and kept stand for layering, so that the oil phase is the diethylene glycol bis-xanthate diallyl ester collecting agent, and the yield is 88.7%.
Example 4
The polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent is prepared by the following steps:
(1) putting 10.6 parts of diethylene glycol and 8.0 parts of sodium hydroxide into a 100 mL three-necked flask, adding 60 mL of water, fully stirring, heating to 45 ℃, and then dropwise adding 16.0 parts of CS2After the dropwise addition, fully stirring and reacting for 3 hours at the temperature of 45 ℃ to obtain a corresponding diethylene glycol bisxanthate solution;
(2) and (2) dropwise adding 28.2 parts of benzoyl chloride into the diethylene glycol bis-xanthate solution, continuously reacting for 5 hours at the temperature of 30 ℃, transferring the mixture into a separating funnel, and layering after cooling and standing to obtain an oil phase which is the diethylene glycol mono-bis-xanthate benzoyl ester collecting agent, wherein the yield is 86.4%.
Example 5
The polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent is prepared by the following steps:
(1) putting 11.8 parts of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether and 4.0 parts of sodium hydroxide into a 100 mL three-necked bottle, adding 50 mL of water, fully stirring, heating to 40 ℃, and then dropwise adding 8.0 parts of CS2After the dropwise addition, fully stirring and reacting for 3 hours at the temperature of 40 ℃ to obtain a corresponding ethylene glycol monobutyl ether xanthate solution;
(2) adding 5.0 parts of dichloroethane into the ethylene glycol monobutyl ether xanthate solution, continuously reacting for 8 hours at 70 ℃, then transferring to a separating funnel, cooling and standing for layering, wherein the upper oil phase is the ethylidene diethylene glycol monobutyl ether xanthate collecting agent, and the yield is 93.2%.
Example 6
The result of a flotation test on a copper polymetallic sulphide ore by using the polyalkoxy xanthate sulphide ore collecting agent provided in the embodiment 1 of the invention is as follows:
the raw ore of a copper polymetallic sulphide ore contains 0.28 percent of Cu, 6.36 percent of S and 2.23 g/t of Au. The results of the phase analysis show that the copper minerals are mainly present in the form of chalcopyrite. Performing primary roughing operation when the grinding fineness is 80 percent of-200 meshes; a medicament system: the using amount of lime is 2500 g/t, the foaming agent BK 20410 g/t and the collecting agent of the invention 1 is 32 g/t; after the primary roughing, the Cu grade of the rough concentrate is 5.16 percent, the recovery rate is 83.6 percent, the Au grade is 30.2 g/t, and the recovery rate is 65.6 percent.
Example 7
The result of a flotation test on a copper-molybdenum polymetallic sulfide ore by using the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent provided in embodiment 5 of the invention is as follows:
the raw ore of a copper-molybdenum sulfide ore contains 0.65% of Cu and 0.01% of Mo. Phase analysis results show that the molybdenum minerals mainly exist in the form of molybdenite, and the copper minerals mainly exist in the form of chalcopyrite. Performing primary roughing operation when the grinding fineness is-200 meshes and accounts for 60 percent; a medicament system: the using amount of lime is 500g/t, the foaming agent BK 20420 g/t, and the collecting agent of the invention 5 is 24 g/t; after the primary roughing, the Cu grade of the rough concentrate is 11.2 percent, the recovery rate is 89.6 percent, the Mo grade is 0.23 percent, and the recovery rate is 91.6 percent.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example differs from example 6 in that it utilizes conventional xanthate for flotation with the following flotation results:
the raw ore of a copper polymetallic sulphide ore contains 0.28 percent of Cu, 6.36 percent of S and 2.23 g/t of Au. The results of the phase analysis show that the copper minerals are mainly present in the form of chalcopyrite. Performing primary roughing operation when the grinding fineness is 80 percent of-200 meshes; a medicament system: the using amount of lime is 2500 g/t, the foaming agent BK 20410 g/t and the ethylene glycol monobutyl ether xanthate collector is 40 g/t; after the primary roughing, the Cu grade of the rough concentrate is 2.38 percent, the recovery rate is 85.2 percent, the Au grade is 18.8 g/t, and the recovery rate is 66.0 percent.
The collecting agent has the advantages of small using amount, low toxicity, convenient addition and the like, can be directly used or used by being matched with other medicaments, has stronger collecting capability and selectivity on noble metals such as chalcopyrite, gold and silver and the like, and can well achieve the aim of flotation and separation of multi-metal sulfide ores, so the collecting agent can be widely applied to the flotation and separation process of the multi-metal sulfide ores such as copper, lead, zinc, molybdenum and the like.
The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, and not to limit the same; those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; and the modifications or the substitutions do not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions depart from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A polyalkoxyxanthate sulfide ore collector, which is a compound represented by the following general formula (1):
Figure F_210622184454378_378084001
（1）
wherein n is selected from 0 or 1;
a and b are independently selected from integers of 1-6;
R1is C4-C18Alkyl of (C)4-C18Alkenyl of, C4-C18Aryl of (C)4-C18Or a group of formula (2), wherein R is C1～C8Alkyl of (a) > C6Cycloalkyl of, C2～C8Alkenyl of, C2～C8Alkynyl of (A), C2～C18Saturated or unsaturated acyl radical of (2), C6～C10Substituted or unsubstituted aryl of (a);
Figure F_210622184454531_531885002
（2）
R2、R3、R5、R6independently is hydrogen or C1～C8Alkyl groups of (a);
R4is C1～C8Alkyl of (a) > C6Cycloalkyl of, C2～C8Alkenyl of, C2～C8Alkynyl of (A), C2～C18Saturated or unsaturated acyl radical of (2), C6～C10Substituted or unsubstituted aryl of (a);
R7is C4～C18Alkyl of (C)4～C18Alkenyl of, C4～C18Aryl or C of4～C18A cycloalkyl group of (a).
2. The polyalkoxyxanthate sulfide ore collector according to claim 1, characterized in that it is a compound represented by the following general formula (3) or general formula (4):
Figure F_210622184454641_641229003
（3）
wherein a is selected from an integer of 1 to 3;
R1is C4～C18Alkyl of (C)4～C18Alkenyl of, C4～C18Aryl or C of4～C18Cycloalkyl groups of (a);
R2、R3independently hydrogen, methyl or ethyl;
R4is C1～C8Alkyl of (C)6~C12Cycloalkyl of, C2～C8Alkenyl of, C2～C8Alkynyl of (A), C2～C18Saturated or unsaturated acyl radical of (2), C6～C10Substituted or unsubstituted aryl of (a);
alternatively, the first and second electrodes may be,
Figure F_210622184454781_781902004
（4）
wherein a is selected from an integer of 1 to 3;
R2、R3independently hydrogen, methyl or ethyl;
R、R4independently is C1～C8Alkyl of (C)6~C12Cycloalkyl of, C2～C8Alkenyl of, C2～C8Alkynyl of (A), C2～C18Saturated or unsaturated acyl radical of (2), C6～C10Is gotSubstituted or unsubstituted aryl.
3. The polyalkoxyxanthate sulfide ore collector according to claim 1, characterized in that it is a compound represented by the following general formula (5):
Figure F_210622184454906_906877005
（5）
wherein a and b are independently selected from integers of 1-3;
R1、R7independently is C4～C18Alkyl of (C)4～C18Alkenyl of, C4～C18Aryl or C of4～C18Cycloalkyl groups of (a);
R2、R3、R5、R6independently hydrogen, methyl or ethyl;
R4is methylene or ethylene.
4. The polyalkoxyxanthate sulphide ore collector according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that it is any one of the following compounds:
Figure F_210622184455031_031930006
Figure F_210622184455141_141300007
Figure F_210622184455297_297515008
Figure F_210622184455407_407359009
Figure F_210622184455516_516265010
Figure F_210622184455625_625661011
Figure F_210622184455813_813638012
Figure F_210622184456031_031923013
Figure F_210622184456188_188709014
Figure F_210622184456362_362951015
Figure F_210622184456469_469390016
Figure F_210622184456578_578750017
Figure F_210622184456656_656888018
Figure F_210622184456750_750719019
Figure F_210622184456860_860003020
Figure F_210622184457000_000663021
Figure F_210622184457094_094440022
Figure F_210622184457203_203724023
Figure F_210622184457313_313188024
Figure F_210622184457406_406906025
Figure F_210622184457516_516258026
Figure F_210622184457625_625702027
Figure F_210622184457719_719354028
Figure F_210622184457813_813148029
Figure F_210622184457907_907151030
Figure F_210622184458016_016307031
Figure F_210622184458109_109996032
Figure F_210622184458235_235068033
Figure F_210622184458328_328718034
Figure F_210622184458438_438189035
Figure F_210622184458531_531876036
Figure F_210622184458641_641228037
Figure F_210622184458750_750711038
Figure F_210622184458860_860023039
Figure F_210622184458985_985107040
Figure F_210622184459094_094453041
Figure F_210622184459236_236255042
Figure F_210622184459344_344998043
Figure F_210622184459453_453738044
Figure F_210622184459564_564142045
Figure F_210622184459657_657858046
Figure F_210622184459768_768709047
Figure F_210622184459922_922508048
Figure F_210622184500047_047498049
Figure F_210622184500141_141277050
Figure F_210622184500297_297496051
Figure F_210622184500422_422551052
Figure F_210622184500531_531938053
Figure F_210622184500672_672995054
Figure F_210622184500828_828737055
Figure F_210622184500958_958637056
Figure F_210622184501094_094454057
。
5. a method of preparing a polyalkoxyxanthate sulphide ore collector according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that it comprises the steps of:
carrying out condensation reaction on polyalkoxy xanthate and halogenated compounds to obtain the polyalkoxy xanthate sulfide ore collecting agent;
wherein the polyalkoxyxanthene is a compound represented by the following general formula (6):
Figure F_210622184501250_250684058
（6）
c is an integer from 1 to 6;
me is a metal atom;
R9、R10independently is hydrogen or C1～C8Alkyl groups of (a);
the polyalkoxy xanthate is any one of polyalkoxy xanthate or polyalkoxy bisxanthate;
r in the structure of the polyalkoxy xanthate8Is C4～C18Alkyl of (C)4～C18Alkenyl of, C4～C18Aryl or C of4～C18Cycloalkyl groups of (a);
r in the structure of the polyalkoxy bisxanthate8Is a group represented by the formula (7), wherein Me1Is a metal atom;
Figure F_210622184501391_391271059
（7）；
the halogenated compound is a compound represented by the following general formula (8):
Figure F_210622184501516_516314060
（8）
wherein m is selected from 1 or 2;
x is a halogen element;
R11is C1～C8Alkyl of (a) > C6Cycloalkyl of, C2～C8Alkenyl of, C2～C8A hydrocarbon group of2～C18Saturated or unsaturated acyl radical of (2), C6～C10Substituted or unsubstituted aryl of (a).
6. The method of claim 5, wherein the polyalkoxy xanthate comprises at least one of ethylene glycol monobutyl ether xanthate, ethylene glycol t-butyl ether xanthate, ethylene glycol isooctyl ether xanthate, ethylene glycol anisole xanthate, diethylene glycol monobutyl ether xanthate, diethylene glycol t-butyl ether xanthate, diethylene glycol isooctyl ether xanthate, and diethylene glycol anisole xanthate;
the polyalkoxy bisxanthate comprises at least one of ethylene glycol bisxanthate, diethylene glycol bisxanthate, triethylene glycol bisxanthate and polyethylene glycol bisxanthate.
7. The method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein m =1, and the halogenated compound includes at least one of ethyl chloride, propyl chloride, butyl chloride, pentyl chloride, benzyl chloride, allyl chloride, benzoyl chloride, acryloyl chloride, ethyl chloroformate, butyl chloroformate, isobutyl chloroformate, allyl chloroformate, butyryl chloride, valeryl chloride, caproyl chloride, caprylyl chloride, capric chloride, and lauroyl chloride;
the molar ratio of the polyalkoxy xanthate to the halogenated compound is 1-1.05: 1;
the molar ratio of the polyalkoxy bisxanthate to the halogenated compound is 1-1.05: 2;
the temperature of the condensation reaction is 0-90 ℃, and the time of the condensation reaction is 1-12 h.
8. The production method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein m =2, and the halogenated compound is any one of dichloromethane and dichloroethane;
the molar ratio of the polyalkoxy xanthate to the halogenated compound is 2-2.1: 1;
the temperature of the condensation reaction is 0-90 ℃, and the time of the condensation reaction is 1-12 h.
9. Use of a polyalkoxyxanthate sulphide ore collector according to any one of claims 1 to 4 in the flotation of polymetallic sulphide ores.
10. The use according to claim 9, wherein the polyalkoxy xanthate sulphide ore collector is added in an amount of 5-600 g/t relative to the polymetallic sulphide ore;
the multi-metal sulphide ore comprises at least one of copper sulphide ore, copper lead zinc sulphide ore, copper molybdenum sulphide ore and copper sulphide ore containing gold and silver.
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JEAN-CLAUDE BLAZEJEWSKI，等: "2-Trifluoromethoxyethyl Triflate: A Versatile Trifluoromethoxyethyl Carrier", 《JOURNAL OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY》 *
NAOAKI FUKADA，等: "Synthesis of Macrocyclic Bis(dithiocarbonic ester)s and Bis(thiocarbamate)s from Diethylene, Triethylene, and Tetraethylene Glycols", 《BULLETIN OF THE CHEMICAL SOCIETY OF JAPAN》 *
STN: "RN 29803-48-3", 《STN REGISTRY》 *
STN: "RN 60293-35-8", 《STN REGISTRY》 *
STN: "RN 859302-02-6", 《STN REGISTRY》 *
郭艳，等: "黄药及其衍生物的合成与浮选研究进展", 《铜业工程》 *

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