CN113241828A

CN113241828A - Universal detection method for charging system of charger

Info

Publication number: CN113241828A
Application number: CN202110567454.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 余杰; 钱欢; 付兰章; 李彬; 邱瑛
Original assignee: Chaowei Power Group Co Ltd
Current assignee: Chaowei Power Group Co Ltd
Priority date: 2021-05-24
Filing date: 2021-05-24
Publication date: 2021-08-10
Anticipated expiration: 2041-05-24
Also published as: CN113241828B

Abstract

The invention provides a universal detection method of a charger charging system, which comprises constant-current charging parameter detection and constant-voltage charging parameter detection; the constant-current charging parameter detection comprises constant-current stage charging current detection and constant-current stage conversion condition detection; the constant current stage conversion conditions comprise constant current voltage limiting condition detection, constant current time limiting condition detection and constant current limiting condition detection; the constant voltage charging parameter detection comprises constant voltage detection, constant voltage stage jump condition detection and temperature compensation value detection; the method can detect the charging time at different temperatures and different stages, detect the jumping condition of each stage, the voltage compensation value at different temperatures and the like, and can automatically detect only by connecting the storage battery to the device and selecting a detection item.

Description

Universal detection method for charging system of charger

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of storage battery detection, in particular to a universal detection method for a charger charging system.

Background

It is known that the performance of a storage battery is greatly related to the charging system. A good charging system can greatly improve the discharge capacity and cycle number of the storage battery, so that the charging system is also the reason for jointly exploring the performance of the storage battery by cooperation of more and more charger manufacturers and storage battery factories.

In the conventional charging system for valve-regulated lead-acid batteries for electric power-assisted vehicles on the market, constant-current charging, constant-voltage charging, and floating charge (i.e., IUU) charging are generally performed, in which the battery is charged to a certain voltage value at a certain constant current, and the floating charge is continued for several hours at a relatively reduced constant voltage value after the voltage value is maintained until the charging current is lower than a certain current value.

The charging mode has two disadvantages, one of which is that the damage of the thermal runaway of the storage battery to the storage battery cannot be reduced or avoided, and the good consistency of the storage battery cannot be maintained. According to the two disadvantages, in a charging system, people can think of using time limit to control the charging time of each stage so as to ensure that the storage battery can reach a certain charging capacity and reduce the influence on the storage battery if thermal runaway occurs; after the constant voltage section is finished, adding low-current high-voltage charging to balance each battery in the storage battery pack; the reasonable temperature compensation value is used, the charging voltage and the charging time are reduced at high temperature, and the charging voltage and the charging time are increased at low temperature, so that the storage battery can adapt to different working environments and the like.

Therefore, in the charging system, the disadvantages of the previous charging system can be made up through artificial modification. Then, in the detection of the new charging system, a new detection method and a corresponding detection device are also needed to support a new detection item.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a universal detection method for a charger charging system, which can automatically detect, save the procedures of manual modification and the like, and improve the detection efficiency.

In order to achieve the aim, the invention provides a universal detection method of a charger charging system, which comprises constant-current charging parameter detection and constant-voltage charging parameter detection;

the constant-current charging parameter detection comprises constant-current stage charging current detection and constant-current stage conversion condition detection;

the constant current stage conversion conditions comprise constant current voltage limiting condition detection, constant current time limiting condition detection and constant current limiting condition detection;

the constant voltage charging parameter detection comprises constant voltage detection, constant voltage stage jump condition detection and temperature compensation value detection;

the jump condition detection in the constant voltage stage comprises constant voltage current limiting condition detection and constant voltage time limiting condition detection;

the temperature compensation value detection includes voltage compensation value detection and charging time compensation value detection.

In a further technical scheme, the charging current detection in the constant current stage is directly carried out by using a data recorder or a direct current electronic load for detection.

In a further technical scheme, the constant-current voltage-limiting condition detection uses direct-current electronic load detection, and on the basis of the constant-voltage time-limiting condition detection, the time which is less than a theoretical voltage-limiting value is added before detection for judgment, taking a 48V charger as an example, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

firstly, a voltage-stabilized power supply provides a starting voltage of a charger, the charger is connected in parallel in a direct current electronic load series and a loop of the voltage-stabilized power supply, and the voltage of the voltage-stabilized power supply is adjusted to be 48V;

secondly, starting the charger, adjusting the output voltage of the direct current electronic load to be 48-57.5V, the time is 20min, the voltage value is lower than the voltage limiting value, and theoretically, the charger is in a constant current stage;

thirdly, adjusting the output voltage of the direct current electronic load to 57.5-57.7V for 20min, wherein the voltage value is between standard line voltage values, and theoretically, the charger enters a constant voltage stage;

fourthly, detecting according to the constant pressure time limit condition, measuring time limit T2 of the constant pressure time limit condition detection, finishing timing, and recording the actual measurement timing as T3;

when T3 is more than T2+40, the actual pressure limiting value is higher than 57.7V and exceeds the theoretical value;

when T2+20 is more than or equal to T3 is more than or equal to T2+40, the actual voltage limiting value is between 57.5V and 57.7V, and the theoretical value is met;

when T3 is less than T2+20, the actual pressure limit value is less than 57.5V and exceeds the theoretical value.

In a further technical scheme, the detection of the constant current time limit condition includes that a charger takes a limit voltage and a current as conversion conditions, taking a 48V charger as an example, and the specific detection steps of the charger taking the limit voltage as the conversion conditions are as follows:

firstly, connecting a charger in parallel into a direct current electronic load series and a stabilized voltage supply loop, and adjusting the voltage of the stabilized voltage supply to 48V;

secondly, starting a charger, adjusting the output voltage of the direct current electronic load to be 48-55V, setting the total time to be 10h, and starting timing;

step three, when the direct current electronic load displays that the current changes, the test is finished, and a timing result is recorded as a time limit T1 of a constant current stage;

the specific detection steps of the charger with the limiting current as the conversion condition are as follows:

secondly, starting a charger, adjusting the output voltage of the direct current electronic load to be 48-55V, and the total time to be 20h, wherein the time is higher than the sum of theoretical time of a constant current stage and a constant voltage stage, and starting timing;

step three, when the direct current electronic load displays that the current changes, the test is finished, and a timing result is recorded as the total limit T of the constant current stage and the constant voltage stage;

detecting the time limit of the constant pressure stage, and measuring the time limit T2 of the constant pressure stage;

the limit time T1 of the constant current phase is T-T2.

In a further technical scheme, the constant-current-limiting condition detection uses direct-current electronic load detection, a theoretical current range is set, and whether the time of the constant-voltage stage jump condition contains the range is tested, and the specific detection steps are as follows:

secondly, starting a charger, adjusting the output voltage of the direct current electronic load to be 48-55V for 10s, and starting timing;

thirdly, continuously adjusting the output current of the direct current electronic load to be 3A-2.1A for 20 min;

step four, continuously adjusting the output current of the direct current electronic load to be 2.1-1.9A for 20 min;

fifthly, continuously adjusting the output current of the direct current electronic load to be 1.9-0A for 10 h;

when the current suddenly drops, indicating that the constant voltage stage is ended, recording the time T3 when jumping, ending timing, and recording the total time T3;

detecting according to the constant-pressure time limit condition, and measuring the time limit T2 of the constant-pressure stage;

if T3 is more than T2+40, the actual flow limiting value is lower than 1.9A and exceeds the theoretical value;

if T2+20 is more than or equal to T3 is more than or equal to T2+40, the actual restriction value is within 2.1-1.9A, and the actual restriction value accords with the theoretical value;

if T3 is less than T2+20, the actual restriction value is higher than 2.1A and exceeds the theoretical value;

and if T2+20 is not less than T3 is not less than T2+40, judging that the jump current in the constant current stage meets the theoretical requirement.

In a further technical scheme, the constant voltage detection is performed by using a data recorder or a direct current electronic load.

In a further technical scheme, the constant voltage current-limiting condition detection uses an electronic direct current load to detect in a CC mode, a charger can immediately enter a constant voltage stage in the CC mode, the control current is continuously reduced at the moment, when the current is reduced to a certain value, the current can obviously change, the point of the current reduction is skip data, and the specific steps are as follows:

secondly, starting the charger, and adjusting the output current of the direct current electronic load to be 3A-0A;

and thirdly, when the direct current electronic load shows the current change, the test is finished.

In a further technical scheme, the specific detection steps of the constant-pressure time-limit condition detection are as follows:

secondly, starting a charger, adjusting the output voltage of the direct current electronic load to be 48-58V for 10s, and starting timing;

thirdly, continuously adjusting the output current of the direct current electronic load to be 2.8-1.5A for 5 s;

step four, continuously adjusting the output current of the direct current electronic load to be 1.5-1A for 10 h;

and fifthly, when the current is obviously reduced, ending the experiment and timing.

In a further technical scheme, the voltage compensation value is detected in a lead-acid storage battery, the voltage compensation is carried out by using a single-grid voltage of 0.002V-0.003V per degree centigrade, for example, a 48V 6-DZF-20 battery, the temperature compensation value Ucomplement is carried out at 0 ℃, and the temperature compensation formula is as follows:

u Buckup R × M (25-T) · (equation 1)

In formula 1:

and U supplement: the unit V is the voltage compensation value detection of the charger at a certain temperature;

r: is the temperature compensation coefficient, in units of V;

m: the number of cells of the corresponding storage battery of the charger is shown. If the rated cell voltage of the lead-acid storage battery is 2V by a 48V charger, 24 cells are provided;

t: is ambient temperature, in units;

the temperature compensation values at different temperatures can be obtained by the formula 1, and are added with the highest voltage measured at normal temperature, that is, the highest voltage output by the charger at the temperature is obtained, and the lamp-turning voltage at the low temperature of-10 ℃ is detected by taking a 48V charger as an example, and the specific detection method is as follows:

secondly, starting a charger, and adjusting the output voltage of the direct current electronic load to be 48V to (59+2.52) V for 10 s;

thirdly, continuously adjusting the output current of the direct current electronic load to be 2.8-0A for 60 s;

fourthly, when the current is obviously reduced, ending the experiment;

the specific detection steps for detecting the charging time compensation value are as follows:

step one, standing the charger at a set temperature for 1h so that a temperature sensing probe in the charger can be adapted to the ambient temperature sufficiently;

secondly, connecting the charger in parallel into a direct current electronic load series and a stabilized voltage supply loop, and adjusting the voltage of the stabilized voltage supply to 48V;

thirdly, starting the charger, adjusting the output voltage of the direct current electronic load to be 48-58V for 10s, and starting timing;

step four, continuously adjusting the output current of the direct current electronic load to be 2.8-1.5A for 5 s;

fifthly, continuously adjusting the output current of the direct current electronic load to be 1.5-1A for 10 h;

and sixthly, ending the experiment and timing when the current is obviously reduced.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following technical effects: the universal detection method for the charging system of the charger can detect the charging time at different temperatures and different stages, detect the jumping condition of each stage, detect the voltage compensation value at different temperatures and the like, can automatically detect by only connecting the storage battery to the device and selecting detection items, saves the procedures of manual modification and the like, and improves the detection efficiency.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

Fig. 1 is a graph of charger current and voltage.

Fig. 2 is another graph of charger current and voltage.

Fig. 3 is yet another graph of charger current and voltage.

Detailed Description

Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are illustrative only for the purpose of explaining the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "central," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," "circumferential," and the like are used in the orientations and positional relationships indicated in the drawings for convenience in describing the invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the referenced device or element must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and are not to be considered limiting of the invention.

Furthermore, the terms "first", "second" and "first" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally formed; can be mechanically or electrically connected; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.

In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through an intermediate. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.

Example one

A universal detection method for a charger charging system comprises constant-current charging parameter detection and constant-voltage charging parameter detection;

The invention can detect the charging time of different temperatures and different stages, detect the jumping condition of each stage, the voltage compensation value detection under different temperatures and the like, can automatically detect by only connecting the storage battery on the device and selecting detection items, saves the procedures of manual modification and the like, and improves the detection efficiency.

In other specific embodiments, further, the constant-current stage charging current detection directly obtains the current by using a data recorder or a direct-current electronic load detection.

In other embodiments, the battery pre-voltage will rise as the charging proceeds, and the charger manufacturer will use a certain voltage value as the signal to enter the constant voltage phase. Some manufacturers will let the charger detect when the voltage of the battery reaches the voltage limiting value, and change the charging current as the signal for entering the next stage. As shown in fig. 2, when the detection is performed, the voltage may be gradually increased to a current change point, and the voltage at the current change point may be recorded. The detection method is relatively easy to implement and will not be described in detail herein.

However, if the charging current and the constant voltage value in the constant voltage stage are consistent with the parameters in the constant current stage, the real situation cannot be seen from the parameters alone. As shown in fig. 1, the charging curve may have reached a voltage limiting value in a period a, but the current is still a constant current value, the voltage still keeps a rising trend, and from the data and the charging curve, there is no obvious feature to let us derive the exact actual position of a.

Therefore, the further detection of the constant current voltage limiting condition uses the detection of a direct current electronic load, and on the basis of the detection of the constant voltage time limiting condition, the time which is less than the theoretical voltage limiting value is added before the detection for judgment, taking a 48V charger as an example, and the specific steps are as follows:

If T2 is 90min and T3 is 140min, T3 is greater than T2+40, so the pressure limit is judged to exceed the theoretical value.

In other embodiments, the detection of the constant current time limit condition is adjusted according to different conditions. The charger manufacturer can select corresponding conversion conditions according to the actual conditions of the charger manufacturer, such as:

the charger takes the limit voltage as a conversion condition, the limit voltage is lower than the highest voltage, the current is still the constant current charging current value at the moment and is not changed, the charging current is changed after the next stage, and the conversion of the current is taken as a signal for jumping to the constant voltage stage in the constant current stage. As shown in fig. 2.

The charger has obvious switching condition signals, is easy to distinguish a constant current section from a constant voltage section, can use direct current electronic load analog voltage to be lower than a limit voltage and keep the voltage for a long enough time, when the charging time reaches the set time limit of the charger, the charging stage can automatically jump to the next stage, at the moment, the charger is considered to jump stage as long as the charging current is changed, and the time before the jump is the time limit of the constant current section.

If the charger model is 48V3A, the theoretical limit voltage is 57.6V;

the detection of the constant current time limit condition comprises that the charger takes limit voltage and current as conversion conditions, and the specific detection steps of the charger taking the limit voltage as the conversion conditions are as follows:

when the charger takes the limited current as the switching condition, considering the problem of the charger hardware, some chargers will decrease the charging current with the increase of the voltage when the battery voltage is about to reach the limited voltage, and will not jump to the next stage until the current drops to a certain point, as shown in fig. 3.

The condition signal for the constant current phase to switch to the constant voltage phase of such a charger is not obvious, and since the constant voltage value of this phase is the same as the limit voltage value of the constant current phase, the current does not switch obviously, so that it is difficult to determine from the data of the charging process. Then we can measure the time limit of the constant current stage plus the time limit of the constant voltage stage, and then subtract the time limit of the constant voltage stage to obtain the time limit of the constant current stage.

The specific detection steps are as follows:

the limit time T1 of the constant current phase is T-T2.

And if T is 190min and T2 is 90min, the T1-90 min-100 min.

In other embodiments, when a switching point with obvious characteristics cannot be found on the charging data and the curve, the approximate current point can be found according to the theoretical switching current given by a manufacturer. The detection of the constant current and current limiting condition uses direct current electronic load detection, a theoretical current range is set, whether the time of the constant voltage stage jumping condition contains the range is tested, if the charger model is 48V3A, the conversion current is 2A +/-0.1A, and the specific detection steps are as follows:

if T3 < T2+20, the actual restriction value is higher than 2.1A and exceeds the theoretical value.

If T3 is 120min and T2 is 90n, T2+20 is more than or equal to T3 is more than or equal to T2+40, and the jump current in the constant current stage is judged to meet the theoretical requirement.

In other embodiments, further, the constant voltage detection is performed by using a data recorder or a dc electronic load detection.

In other specific embodiments, the constant-voltage current-limiting condition detection uses an electronic dc load to perform detection in a CC mode, in the CC mode, the charger will immediately enter a constant-voltage stage, at this time, the control current is continuously reduced, when the current is reduced to a certain value, the current will change significantly, the point of the current reduction is skip data, and the specific steps are as follows:

The skip condition of current limiting is adopted on the market, when the storage battery keeps constant voltage, the charging current tends to be reduced, and when the current is reduced to a certain value, the charger can skip to the next stage by default. Although the jump condition can make the storage battery obtain enough charge capacity, the influence on the storage battery when the storage battery is in thermal runaway cannot be avoided. Therefore, when the current limiting starts to occur, the condition of time limit is added, and the time limit is slightly more than the time for normally reaching the current limiting, so that the charging capacity of the storage battery can be met, and the damage to the storage battery when thermal runaway occurs can be reduced.

In other embodiments, the time-limited condition detection of the constant pressure phase needs to consider when to start and when to end.

We want to ensure that at the beginning of the test, or within a short time, the charger needs to enter a constant voltage phase to avoid miscounting the time of the constant current phase into the constant voltage time.

The constant voltage current limiting condition is also a jump condition causing the stage, and the current limiting conditions in the market are all about 0.5A, so that the charger is in the constant voltage stage only by ensuring that the current of the constant voltage stage is greater than 0.5A.

Further, the specific detection steps of the constant-voltage time-limit condition detection are as follows:

From the second step and the third step, it can be seen that the step time is relatively short because the two steps can ensure that the charger can enter constant voltage charging before the fourth step, and then the charger is kept in the constant voltage mode for a sufficient time longer than the theoretical constant voltage phase time by using the CC mode, so as to obtain the time limit of the actual constant voltage phase.

In other specific embodiments, further, the voltage compensation value is detected in a lead-acid battery, and is compensated by a single-cell voltage of 0.002V to 0.003V per degree celsius, for example, a 48V 6-d zf-20 battery, and the compensation value U is compensated at 0 ℃, and the compensation formula is as follows:

u Buckup R × M (25-T) · (equation 1)

In formula 1:

r: is the temperature compensation coefficient, in units of V;

t: is ambient temperature, in units;

fourthly, when the current is obviously reduced, ending the experiment;

the output current and time of the third step can be adjusted according to actual needs.

The detection method of the invention relates to the following equipment:

the regulated power supply outputs: DC 0-100V 0-5A, and the precision is 0.1%;

a direct current electronic load outputting: DC 0-100V, 0-30A, and resolution 0.1%;

small environmental test chamber, 0.5m3, range: -30-50 ℃, the temperature uniformity is less than or equal to 2 ℃, the temperature fluctuation degree is +/-0.5 ℃, and the temperature deviation is +/-2 ℃.

In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.

Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A universal detection method for a charger charging system is characterized in that: the method comprises the steps of constant-current charging parameter detection and constant-voltage charging parameter detection;

the constant-voltage stage skipping condition detection comprises constant-voltage current-limiting condition detection and constant-voltage time-limiting condition detection

2. The universal detection method for the charging system of the charger according to claim 1, wherein: and the charging current detection in the constant current stage is directly carried out by using a data recorder or a direct current electronic load for detection.

3. The universal detection method for the charging system of the charger according to claim 1, wherein: the detection of the constant current voltage limiting condition adopts direct current electronic load detection, and on the basis of the detection of the constant voltage time limiting condition, the time which is less than a theoretical voltage limiting value is added before detection for judgment, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:

secondly, starting a charger, and adjusting the output voltage of the direct current electronic load to be 48-57.5V for 20 min;

thirdly, adjusting the output voltage of the direct current electronic load to 57.5V-57.7V for 20min, wherein the voltage value is between standard line voltage values;

4. The universal detection method for the charging system of the charger according to claim 1, wherein: the detection of the constant current time limit condition comprises that the charger takes limit voltage and current as conversion conditions, and the specific detection steps of the charger taking the limit voltage as the conversion conditions are as follows:

the limit time T1 of the constant current phase is T-T2.

5. The universal detection method for the charging system of the charger according to claim 1, wherein: the constant-current-limiting condition detection uses direct-current electronic load detection, a theoretical current range is set, and whether the time of the constant-voltage stage jump condition contains the range is tested, wherein the specific detection steps are as follows:

6. The universal detection method for the charging system of the charger according to claim 1, wherein: the constant voltage detection is performed by using a data recorder or a direct current electronic load.

7. The universal detection method for the charging system of the charger according to claim 1, wherein: the constant voltage current limiting condition detection uses an electronic direct current load to carry out detection in a CC mode, and comprises the following specific steps:

8. The universal detection method for the charging system of the charger according to claim 1, wherein: the specific detection steps of the constant-pressure time-limit condition detection are as follows:

9. The universal detection method for the charging system of the charger according to claim 1, wherein: the voltage compensation value is detected in a lead-acid storage battery, the voltage compensation is carried out by using the single-grid voltage of 0.002V-0.003V per degree centigrade, and the temperature compensation formula is as follows: u Buckup R × M (25-T) · (equation 1)

In formula 1:

r: is the temperature compensation coefficient, in units of V;

t: is ambient temperature, in units;

the temperature compensation values at different temperatures can be obtained by the formula 1, and are added with the highest voltage measured at normal temperature, that is, the highest voltage output by the charger at the temperature is obtained, and the specific detection method is as follows:

and fourthly, when the current is obviously reduced, ending the experiment.

10. The universal detection method for the charging system of the charger according to claim 9, wherein: