CN113241462A - Combined type molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system and method - Google Patents
Combined type molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a combined molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system and a method, belonging to the technical field of power generation, wherein the combined molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system comprises: the fuel cell stacks are connected in series in sequence; each fuel cell group is provided with a plurality of fuel cell single stacks, and the fuel cell single stacks in one group are connected in parallel; the fuel cell single stack is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; the combined molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system improves the total power of the molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system through the single fuel cell stacks arranged in each fuel cell group in parallel; the fuel utilization rate and the power generation efficiency of the molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system can be improved by the plurality of fuel cell stacks which are arranged in series.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of power generation, in particular to a combined type molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system and a combined type molten carbonate fuel cell power generation method.
Background
With the rapid increase of national economy, the demand for energy is increasingly vigorous, and the problems of energy shortage and environmental pollution caused by fossil energy are increasingly acute. The molten carbonate fuel cell is a clean and efficient power generation technology, can directly convert chemical energy of fuels such as natural gas, coal-made synthetic gas, biomass gas and the like into electric energy through electrochemical reaction, and has the advantages of low noise, no pollution and the like.
The molten carbonate fuel cell uses carbonate as electrolyte, and when the fuel cell is operated, the carbonate becomes molten state under the action of high temperature, and plays a role in transferring ions between a cathode and an anode, but the mass transfer resistance is large, so that the current of the molten carbonate fuel cell is low, and therefore, the single-stack efficiency of the molten carbonate fuel cell stack is generally lower than 50%.
However, in the process of power amplification, difficulties exist in terms of single cell area amplification, cell key component consistency, cell stack key part matching problems, cell stack assembly processes, and the like, and the power scale of the molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system is limited.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to overcome the difficulties in the aspects of single cell area amplification, cell key component consistency, cell stack key part matching problem, cell stack assembly process, etc. during the power amplification process in the prior art, and limit the power scale of the power generation system of the molten carbonate fuel cell, thereby providing a combined power generation system of the molten carbonate fuel cell.
The invention also provides a power generation method of the molten carbonate fuel cell.
In order to solve the above technical problem, the present invention provides a combined molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system, including:
the fuel cell stacks are connected in series in sequence; the fuel cell stack has a total air inlet and a total air outlet; the total air outlets of two adjacent fuel cell stacks are communicated with the total air inlet;
each fuel cell group is provided with a plurality of fuel cell single stacks, and the fuel cell single stacks in one group are connected in parallel; the fuel cell single stack is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; and a total air inlet of the fuel cell stack is communicated with the air inlet of each fuel cell single stack, and a total air outlet of the fuel cell stack is communicated with the air outlet of each fuel cell single stack.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
a mixer having an intake mixer and an exhaust mixer respectively provided at both ends of the fuel cell stack;
the intake mixer has a cathode intake mixer and an anode intake mixer; the inlet end of the cathode gas inlet mixer is connected with cathode gas, and the outlet end of the cathode gas inlet mixer is connected with a gas inlet of the cathode of each fuel cell single stack in the fuel cell stack; the inlet end of the anode gas inlet mixer is connected with anode gas, and the outlet end of the anode gas inlet mixer is connected with a gas inlet of an anode of each fuel cell single stack in the fuel cell stack;
the tail gas mixer is provided with a cathode tail gas mixer and an anode tail gas mixer; the inlet end of the cathode tail gas mixer is connected with the gas outlet of the cathode of each fuel cell single stack of the previous stage, and the outlet end of the cathode tail gas mixer is communicated with the gas inlet of the cathode of each fuel cell single stack of the next stage; the inlet end of the anode tail gas mixer is connected with the gas outlet of the anode of each fuel cell single stack of the previous stage, and the outlet of the anode tail gas mixer is communicated with the gas inlet of the anode of each fuel cell single stack of the next stage.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
the tail gas separation purifier is provided with a cathode tail gas separation purifier and an anode tail gas separation purifier; the inlet end of the cathode tail gas separation purifier is connected with the cathode tail gas mixer of the previous stage, and the outlet end of the cathode tail gas separation purifier is communicated with the gas inlet of the cathode of each fuel cell single stack of the next stage; the inlet end of the anode tail gas separation purifier is connected with the anode tail gas mixer of the previous stage, and the outlet end of the anode tail gas separation purifier is communicated with the gas inlet of the anode of each fuel cell single stack of the next stage.
Preferably, a cathode gas increasing mixer is arranged between the cathode tail gas separation purifier and the gas inlet of the cathode of the fuel cell single stack of the next stage.
Preferably, an anode inlet splitter is arranged at the front end of an inlet of an anode of each of the fuel cell single stacks of each fuel cell stack, and splits the anode gas into multiple strands with uniform and equal quantities; and a cathode gas inlet splitter is arranged at the front end of the gas inlet of the cathode of each fuel cell single stack of each fuel cell group and splits the cathode gas into multiple strands with uniform and equal quantity.
Preferably, a heat exchange unit is provided at the front end of each fuel cell stack.
Preferably, the method further comprises the following steps:
the catalytic combustion unit is communicated with the gas outlet of the anode of the fuel cell single stack at the last stage; the catalytic combustion unit is communicated with the heat exchange unit.
The invention also provides a power generation method of the combined molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system, which comprises the following steps:
the cathode gas respectively enters the gas inlet of the cathode of each fuel cell single stack of the first stage, and the anode gas respectively enters the gas inlet of the anode of each fuel cell single stack of the previous stage;
the multiple fuel cell single stacks of the first stage react at the same time, and after the reaction is finished, the cathode tail gas of the fuel cell single stack of the first stage enters the air inlet of the cathode of the fuel cell single stack of the second stage; the anode tail gas of the fuel cell single stack of the first stage enters the air inlet of the anode of the fuel cell single stack of the second stage; the fuel cell single pile of the second stage is reacted;
the reactions are sequentially performed according to the number of fuel cell stacks.
As a preferred scheme, the anode gas firstly enters an anode gas inlet mixer, then enters an anode gas inlet shunt through an anode heat exchange unit, and is shunted into a plurality of strands with uniform and equal quantity by the anode gas inlet shunt to respectively enter the anodes of a plurality of fuel cell single stacks arranged in parallel at the first stage;
the cathode gas firstly enters a cathode gas inlet mixer, then enters an anode gas inlet flow divider through a cathode heat exchange unit, and is divided into a plurality of strands with uniform and equal quantities by the cathode gas inlet flow divider to respectively enter the cathodes of a plurality of fuel cell single stacks which are arranged in parallel at the first stage;
the single fuel cell stack reacts;
after the reaction is finished, the anode tail gas of the first-stage fuel cell single stack firstly enters an anode tail gas mixer and then enters an anode tail gas separation purifier, and the purified tail gas enters the anode of the second-stage fuel cell single stack through an anode heat exchanger;
the cathode tail gas of the first-stage fuel cell single stack firstly enters a cathode tail gas mixer and then enters a cathode tail gas separation purifier, and the purified tail gas is mixed with the gas entering the cathode gas increasing mixer and then enters the cathode of the second-stage fuel cell single stack through a cathode heat exchanger;
performing step-by-step reaction according to the number of the fuel cell stacks;
anode tail gas generated by the anode of the fuel cell single stack of the fuel cell stack of the last stage enters a catalytic combustion unit, and the catalytic combustion unit is connected with a heat exchange unit; the anode tail gas is combusted through the catalytic combustion unit, and the generated heat is provided for the heat exchange unit.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following advantages:
1. the combined molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system provided by the invention comprises a plurality of fuel cell packs, wherein the fuel cell packs are sequentially connected in series; each fuel cell group is provided with a plurality of fuel cell single stacks, and the fuel cell single stacks in one group are connected in parallel; the fuel utilization rate and the power generation efficiency of the molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system can be improved by a plurality of fuel cell stacks which are arranged in each fuel cell stack in parallel and are arranged in series, wherein the total power of the molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system is improved by the plurality of fuel cell stacks.
Because the power that can be reached by the single fuel cell stack is limited, the scheme improves the total power of the fuel cell power generation system by connecting the fuel cells in parallel.
2. The combined molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system provided by the invention has the advantages that the cathode gas-increasing mixer is arranged between the two fuel cell packs, so that the sufficiency of the required cathode gas at the next stage is ensured, and the reaction of a single fuel cell stack is ensured.
3. The combined molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system provided by the invention also comprises: a catalytic combustion unit; the unreacted hydrogen in the cathode is subjected to catalytic combustion in the catalytic combustion unit to fully convert the residual chemical energy of the unreacted hydrogen into heat for further utilization; the catalytic combustion unit is communicated with the heat exchange unit, heat generated by the catalytic combustion unit is transferred to the heat exchange unit, and waste heat generated by tail gas is fully utilized.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic view showing the construction of a combined molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system according to the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
1. an anode intake mixer; 2. a cathode intake mixer; 3. an anode first heat exchanger; 4. a cathode first heat exchanger; 5. an anode inlet gas splitter; 6. a cathode inlet gas splitter; 7. an anode tail gas mixer; 8. a cathode tail gas mixer; 9. an anode tail gas separation purifier; 10. a cathode tail gas separation purifier; 11. an anode second heat exchanger; 12. a cathode second heat exchanger; 13. a catalytic combustion unit; 14. a cathode gas increasing mixer; 15. a single stack of fuel cells.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions of the present invention will be described clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be understood that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
In the combined molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system provided by this embodiment, a plurality of fuel cell stacks are connected in series in sequence; the fuel cell stack has a total gas inlet and a total gas outlet; the total air outlets of two adjacent fuel cell stacks are communicated with the total air inlet;
each fuel cell stack has a plurality of fuel cell single stacks 15, and the plurality of fuel cell single stacks 15 in one group are connected in parallel; the fuel cell single stack 15 has an air inlet and an air outlet; the total air inlet of the fuel cell group is communicated with the air inlet of each fuel cell single stack 15, and the total air outlet of the fuel cell group is communicated with the air outlet of each fuel cell single stack 15.
As shown in fig. 1, in the present embodiment, there are a first stage fuel cell stack and a second stage fuel cell stack arranged in series;
the fuel cell stack of the first stage has four fuel cell single stacks 15 arranged in parallel; the second stage fuel cell stack has one fuel cell single stack 15;
each fuel cell single stack 15 is provided with a cathode and an anode, anode gas is connected with an inlet end of an anode gas inlet mixer 1, an outlet end of the anode gas inlet mixer 1 is connected with an inlet end of a first anode heat exchanger, an outlet end of the anode heat exchanger is connected with an anode gas inlet shunt 5, the anode gas inlet shunt 5 shunts the anode gas into a plurality of strands with uniform and equal quantity, and the strands flow into an inlet electrode of the anode of each fuel cell single stack 15 of the first stage fuel cell group respectively, so that anode reaction occurs;
the cathode gas is connected with the inlet end of a cathode gas inlet mixer 2, the outlet end of the cathode gas inlet mixer 2 is connected with the inlet end of a cathode heat exchanger, the outlet end of a first cathode heat exchanger is connected with a cathode gas inlet flow divider 6, the cathode gas inlet flow divider 6 divides the cathode gas into a plurality of strands with uniform and equal quantity, and the strands flow into the gas inlet poles of the cathodes of each fuel cell single stack 15 of the first-stage fuel cell group respectively, so that cathode reaction occurs;
electrochemical reactions take place within each fuel cell stack 15 and generate electrical energy; the multiple sets of fuel cell single stacks 15 connected in parallel enable the total power of the generated electric energy to be increased;
after the reaction is finished, after the gas outlets of the anodes of the fuel cell single stacks 15 are gathered, the gas outlets are connected with the inlet end of an anode tail gas mixer 7, the outlet end of the anode tail gas mixer 7 is connected with the gas inlet end of an anode tail gas separation purifier 9, the gas outlet end of the anode tail gas separation purifier 9 is connected with a second anode heat exchanger, and anode tail gas enters the anode gas inlet of the fuel cell single stack 15 of the second-stage fuel cell stack after passing through the second anode heat exchanger;
after being gathered, the gas outlets of the cathodes of the fuel cell single stacks 15 are connected with the inlet end of a cathode tail gas mixer 8, the outlet end of the cathode tail gas mixer 8 is connected with the gas inlet end of a cathode tail gas separation purifier 10, the gas outlet end of the cathode tail gas separation purifier 10 is connected with the gas inlet end of a second cathode heat exchanger, the gas outlet end of the second cathode heat exchanger is connected with a cathode gas increasing mixer 14, the other gas inlet of the cathode gas increasing mixer 14 is also connected with cathode inlet gas to supplement gas required by cathode reaction, and sufficient gas is provided for the cathode reaction of the fuel cell single stacks 15 in the second-stage fuel cell stack;
electrochemical reaction occurs in the fuel cell stack 15 of the second stage, and electric power is generated; the series connection of the first stage fuel cell group and the second stage fuel cell group improves the fuel utilization rate and the power generation efficiency.
After the reaction is finished, anode tail gas of the second-stage fuel cell single stack 15 enters the catalytic combustion unit 13, the catalytic combustion unit 13 is communicated with the anode second heat exchanger 11 and the anode first heat exchanger 3 in sequence, and the residual chemical energy of the unreacted hydrogen is converted into heat for further utilization; the anode tail gas of the fuel cell single stack 15 of the second stage sequentially enters the second cathode heat exchanger and the first cathode heat exchanger, so that heat exchange is realized, and the waste heat of the tail gas is fully utilized.
Example 2
The power generation method of the molten carbonate fuel cell provided in this example uses the combined molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system described in example 1;
the following electrochemical reactions occur in a molten carbonate fuel cell stack:
and (3) anode reaction: h2+CO3 2-→H2O+CO2+2e- (1)
And (3) cathode reaction: 1/2O2+CO2+2e-→CO3 2- (2)
And (3) total reaction: h2+1/2O2→H2O (3)
The anode intake air comprises fuel and water vapor, wherein the fuel comprises hydrogen, natural gas, methanol, coal-made synthesis gas, methane, factory pool exhaust gas and the like, and when the fuel needs to be reformed to produce hydrogen, the water vapor is introduced to carry out reforming reaction with the fuel to generate hydrogen-rich gas serving as the anode intake air of the fuel cell. The anode inlet gas firstly enters an anode inlet gas mixer 1, the anode inlet gas mixer 1 uniformly mixes the anode gas, the anode gas enters an anode first heat exchanger 3 after uniform mixing, the gas is preheated, and after the preheating is finished, the anode gas enters an anode inlet gas splitter 5, the anode inlet gas splitter 5 splits the anode gas into four equal parts which respectively enter an inlet of an anode of a fuel cell single stack 15;
the cathode inlet gas comprises oxygen or air (providing oxygen) and carbon dioxide, the cathode inlet gas firstly enters a cathode inlet gas mixer 2, the cathode inlet gas mixer 2 uniformly mixes the cathode gas, the cathode gas enters a cathode first heat exchanger 4 after uniform mixing, the gas is preheated, after the preheating is finished, the cathode inlet gas enters a cathode inlet gas splitter 6, the cathode inlet gas splitter 6 splits the cathode gas into four equal parts, and the four equal parts enter an air inlet of a cathode of a fuel cell single stack 15 respectively;
each fuel cell single stack 15 reacts respectively, and because the four fuel cell single stacks 15 are arranged in parallel, the discharge voltage of each fuel cell single stack 15 is the same, and the discharge currents are superposed, the power is superposed, and the total power of the molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system is obviously improved.
After the reaction of the first-stage single fuel cell stack 15 is finished, discharging anode tail gas at an air outlet of an anode of the single fuel cell stack 15, wherein the anode tail gas mainly comprises water vapor, carbon dioxide and unreacted hydrogen generated by the anode reaction, combining the anode tail gas of a plurality of fuel cell stacks 15 arranged in parallel, firstly entering an anode tail gas mixer 7, then entering an anode tail gas separation purifier 9 to purify hydrogen, and enabling the purified hydrogen to enter an anode of a second-stage single fuel cell stack 15 arranged in series through an anode second heat exchanger 11;
discharging cathode tail gas at an air outlet of an anode of the fuel cell single stack 15, wherein the cathode tail gas mainly comprises unreacted oxygen or air and carbon dioxide, combining the cathode tail gas of a plurality of fuel cell single stacks 15 arranged in parallel, firstly entering a cathode tail gas mixer 8 to purify the carbon dioxide, mixing the purified carbon dioxide and supplemented air or oxygen in a cathode gas-increasing mixer 14, and entering a cathode of the fuel cell single stack 15 arranged in series in a second stage through a cathode second heat exchanger 12;
the purified anode tail gas and cathode tail gas are subjected to chemical reaction in the second-stage fuel cell single stack 15 connected in series, and unreacted fuel gas in the anode tail gas and the cathode tail gas is further utilized, so that the overall power generation efficiency of the molten fuel carbonate fuel cell power generation system is improved.
Unreacted hydrogen still exists in the anode tail gas after the reaction of the first-stage fuel cell stack and the second-stage fuel cell stack, and is introduced into the catalytic combustion unit 13, and the residual chemical energy of the unreacted hydrogen is fully converted into heat for further utilization through catalytic combustion. The high-temperature anode tail gas after catalytic combustion is firstly communicated with the anode first heat exchanger 3 to carry out primary heat exchange, and then communicated with the anode second heat exchanger 11 to carry out secondary heat exchange, so that the waste heat of the tail gas is fully utilized.
And after the anode tail gas is reacted by the first-stage fuel cell stack and the second-stage fuel cell stack, the cathode tail gas is firstly communicated with the cathode first heat exchanger 4 to perform first-stage heat exchange and then communicated with the cathode second heat exchanger 12 to perform second-stage heat exchange, and the waste heat of the tail gas is fully utilized.
Taking synthesis gas as an example of fuel, the main components of the synthesis gas are hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and the molar ratio of the hydrogen to the carbon monoxide is 2.8: 1. anode synthesis gas at 92.5Nm3Feed gas at a flow rate of 29.2 Nm/h, steam3The flow rate is intake; cathode air 296.3Nm3Intake air at a flow rate of 124.45Nm for carbon dioxide3The flow rate is/h. The number of the fuel cell single stacks 15 arranged in parallel is 4, the number of the fuel cell single stacks 15 of the second stage connected in series is 1, and all the molten carbonate fuel cell stacks have 120 sections with the effective area of 0.2m2The molten carbonate fuel cell has the single cell composition, the reaction temperature is 650 ℃, and the reaction pressure is 0.1 MPa.
Assuming that the utilization rates of the 4 parallel fuel cell single stacks 15 are all 75%, and the gas utilization rate of the 1 series fuel cell single stack 15 is 70%, it can be obtained that: the power generation power of the 4 parallel fuel cell single stacks 15 is 26.61kW, the power generation power of the 1 serial fuel cell single stack 15 is 24.84kW, and the total power of the power generation system is 131.29kW, so that the total power of the power generation system is greatly improved. The power generation efficiency of the 4 parallel fuel cell single stacks 15 is 40.68%, the power generation power of the 1 serial fuel cell single stack 15 is 40.02%, the comprehensive power generation efficiency of the power generation system is 50.17%, and the fuel utilization rate and the power generation efficiency of the fuel cells are greatly improved.
Taking synthesis gas as an example of fuel, the main components of the synthesis gas are hydrogen and carbon monoxide, and the molar ratio of the hydrogen to the carbon monoxide is 2.8: 1. anode synthesis gas at 92.5Nm3Feed gas at a flow rate of 29.2 Nm/h, steam3Flow rate of intake air(ii) a Cathode air 296.3Nm3Intake air at a flow rate of 124.45Nm for carbon dioxide3The flow rate is/h. The number of the parallel fuel cell single stacks is 4, the number of the serial fuel cell single stacks is 1, and all the molten carbonate fuel cell stacks have 120 sections of effective areas of 0.2m2The molten carbonate fuel cell has the single cell composition, the reaction temperature is 650 ℃, and the reaction pressure is 0.1 MPa.
Assuming that the gas utilization rates of the 4 parallel fuel cell stacks are all 75%, and the gas utilization rate of the 1 series fuel cell single stack is 60%, it can be obtained that: the power generation power of the 4 parallel fuel cell single stacks is 25.52kW, the power generation power of the 1 series fuel cell stack is 23.82kW, and the total power of the power generation system is 125.89kW, so that the total power of the power generation system is greatly improved. The power generation efficiency of the 4 parallel fuel cell single stacks is 39.01%, the power generation power of the 1 series fuel cell single stack is 38.37%, and the comprehensive power generation efficiency of the power generation system is 48.11%, so that the fuel utilization rate and the power generation efficiency of the fuel cells are greatly improved.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (9)
1. A combined molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system, comprising:
the fuel cell stacks are connected in series in sequence; the fuel cell stack has a total air inlet and a total air outlet; the total air outlets of two adjacent fuel cell stacks are communicated with the total air inlet;
each fuel cell group is provided with a plurality of fuel cell single stacks (15), and the plurality of fuel cell single stacks (15) in one group are connected in parallel; the fuel cell single stack (15) is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet; the total air inlet of the fuel cell group is communicated with the air inlet of each fuel cell single stack (15), and the total air outlet of the fuel cell group is communicated with the air outlet of each fuel cell single stack (15).
2. The combined molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, further comprising:
a mixer having an intake mixer and an exhaust mixer respectively provided at both ends of the fuel cell stack;
the intake mixer has a cathode intake mixer (2) and an anode intake mixer (1); the inlet end of the cathode gas inlet mixer (2) is connected with cathode gas, and the outlet end of the cathode gas inlet mixer is connected with the gas inlet of the cathode of each fuel cell single stack (15) in the fuel cell stack; the inlet end of the anode gas inlet mixer (1) is connected with anode gas, and the outlet end of the anode gas inlet mixer is connected with a gas inlet of an anode of each fuel cell single stack (15) in the fuel cell stack;
the tail gas mixer is provided with a cathode tail gas mixer (8) and an anode tail gas mixer (7); the inlet end of the cathode tail gas mixer (8) is connected with the gas outlet of the cathode of each fuel cell single stack (15) of the previous stage, and the outlet end of the cathode tail gas mixer is communicated with the gas inlet of the cathode of each fuel cell single stack (15) of the next stage; the inlet end of the anode tail gas mixer (7) is connected with the gas outlet of the anode of each fuel cell single stack (15) of the previous stage, and the outlet of the anode tail gas mixer is communicated with the gas inlet of the anode of each fuel cell single stack (15) of the next stage.
3. The combined molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system according to claim 2, further comprising:
the tail gas separation purifier is provided with a cathode tail gas separation purifier (10) and an anode tail gas separation purifier (9); the inlet end of the cathode tail gas separation purifier (10) is connected with the cathode tail gas mixer (8) of the previous stage, and the outlet end of the cathode tail gas separation purifier is communicated with the gas inlet of the cathode of each fuel cell single stack (15) of the next stage; the inlet end of the anode tail gas separation purifier (9) is connected with the anode tail gas mixer (7) of the previous stage, and the outlet end of the anode tail gas separation purifier is communicated with the gas inlet of the anode of each fuel cell single stack (15) of the next stage.
4. The combined molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system according to claim 3, wherein a cathode aeration mixer (14) is provided between the cathode off-gas separation purifier (10) and the inlet of the cathode of the fuel cell single stack (15) of the next stage.
5. The combined molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system according to claim 2, wherein an anode inlet manifold (5) is provided at the front end of the inlet of the anode of the plurality of single fuel cell stacks (15) of each group of fuel cell stacks, the anode inlet manifold (5) dividing the anode gas into a plurality of strands of uniform and equal amount; and a cathode air inlet splitter (6) is arranged at the front end of the air inlet of the cathode of the fuel cell single stacks (15) of each group of fuel cell stacks, and the cathode air inlet splitter (6) splits the cathode gas into multiple strands with uniform and equal quantity.
6. The combined molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system according to claim 1, wherein a heat exchange unit is provided at a front end of each fuel cell stack.
7. The combined molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system according to claim 6, further comprising:
the catalytic combustion unit (13) is communicated with the air outlet of the anode of the fuel cell single stack (15) at the last stage; the catalytic combustion unit (13) is communicated with the heat exchange unit.
8. A power generation method of a combined molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system is characterized by comprising the following specific processes:
the cathode gas respectively enters the gas inlet of the cathode of each fuel cell single stack (15) of the first stage, and the anode gas respectively enters the gas inlet of the anode of each fuel cell single stack (15) of the previous stage;
the multiple fuel cell single stacks (15) of the first stage react simultaneously, and after the reaction is finished, the cathode tail gas of the fuel cell single stack (15) of the first stage enters the air inlet of the cathode of the fuel cell single stack (15) of the second stage; the anode tail gas of the fuel cell single stack (15) of the first stage enters the air inlet of the anode of the fuel cell single stack (15) of the second stage; the fuel cell single stack (15) of the second stage is reacted;
the reactions are sequentially performed according to the number of fuel cell stacks.
9. The method for generating power in a combined molten carbonate fuel cell power generation system according to claim 8,
the method comprises the following steps that anode gas firstly enters an anode gas inlet mixer (1), then enters an anode gas inlet shunt (5) through an anode heat exchange unit, and is shunted into multiple strands with uniform and equal quantity through the anode gas inlet shunt (5) and respectively enters anodes of a plurality of fuel cell single stacks (15) which are arranged in parallel at a first stage;
the cathode gas firstly enters a cathode gas inlet mixer (2), then enters an anode gas inlet shunt (5) through a cathode heat exchange unit, and is shunted into a plurality of strands with uniform and equal quantity through a cathode gas inlet shunt (6) and respectively enters the cathodes of a plurality of fuel cell single stacks (15) which are arranged in parallel at the first stage;
the fuel cell single stack (15) reacts;
after the reaction is finished, anode tail gas of the first-stage fuel cell single stack (15) firstly enters an anode tail gas mixer (7) and then enters an anode tail gas separation purifier (9), and the purified tail gas enters the anode of the second-stage fuel cell single stack (15) through an anode heat exchanger;
the cathode tail gas of the first-stage fuel cell single stack (15) firstly enters a cathode tail gas mixer (8) and then enters a cathode tail gas separation purifier (10), and the purified tail gas is mixed with the gas entering the cathode gas increasing mixer (14) and then enters the cathode of the second-stage fuel cell single stack (15) through a cathode heat exchanger;
performing step-by-step reaction according to the number of the fuel cell stacks;
anode tail gas generated by the anode of the fuel cell single stack (15) of the fuel cell group of the last stage enters the catalytic combustion unit (13), and the catalytic combustion unit (13) is connected with the heat exchange unit; the anode tail gas is combusted through the catalytic combustion unit (13), and the generated heat is provided for the heat exchange unit.
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