CN113241437A - Negative plate and lithium ion battery comprising same - Google Patents

Negative plate and lithium ion battery comprising same Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113241437A
CN113241437A CN202110502040.6A CN202110502040A CN113241437A CN 113241437 A CN113241437 A CN 113241437A CN 202110502040 A CN202110502040 A CN 202110502040A CN 113241437 A CN113241437 A CN 113241437A
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negative electrode
active material
negative
negative plate
material layer
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陈伟平
李素丽
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Zhuhai Cosmx Battery Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/36—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids
    • H01M4/58—Selection of substances as active materials, active masses, active liquids of inorganic compounds other than oxides or hydroxides, e.g. sulfides, selenides, tellurides, halogenides or LiCoFy; of polyanionic structures, e.g. phosphates, silicates or borates
    • H01M4/583—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx
    • H01M4/587—Carbonaceous material, e.g. graphite-intercalation compounds or CFx for inserting or intercalating light metals
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M4/62—Selection of inactive substances as ingredients for active masses, e.g. binders, fillers
    • H01M4/624—Electric conductive fillers
    • H01M4/625—Carbon or graphite
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
    • H01M2004/026—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material characterised by the polarity
    • H01M2004/027—Negative electrodes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides a negative plate and a lithium ion battery comprising the same; the negative plate comprises the nano-cellulose, and the nano-cellulose is light in weight and high in strength, so that the structure of the negative plate can be enhanced, and the rebound of the negative plate is reduced; meanwhile, the nanocellulose is smaller in volume, the coverage of the negative electrode active material is smaller, and the large bulk phase impedance is not brought like the traditional negative electrode binder. The lithium ion battery comprising the negative plate has excellent low-temperature charge and discharge performance, high-temperature storage performance and high-temperature stability.

Description

Negative plate and lithium ion battery comprising same
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of lithium ion batteries, and particularly relates to a negative plate and a lithium ion battery comprising the same.
Background
The negative plate is an important component of the lithium ion battery and is one of important factors influencing the overall dynamic performance of the lithium ion battery; meanwhile, in the use process of the lithium ion battery, particularly in a high-temperature environment, the conditions of thickness increase, deformation and other structural changes exist, so that the battery expands and the impedance of the battery core increases. This increase in thickness is generally believed to be primarily due to the negative plate bounce, and optimization of the negative plate formulation is an important approach to reducing cell impedance and battery swelling.
Currently, a negative electrode sheet for a lithium ion battery is generally composed of a negative electrode active material, a negative electrode binder, a thickener and a conductive agent, wherein the negative electrode binder used mostly employs Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) obtained by copolymerizing butadiene and styrene and a modified material thereof, such as SBR modified or copolymerized by acrylic acid, acrylonitrile, butyronitrile, acrylate, and the like. Although the binding property and the ionic conductivity of the negative plate prepared from the styrene-butadiene rubber can be improved by modifying the pure styrene-butadiene rubber, the swelling property of the binder to the electrolyte is increased (namely, the liquid absorption property of the binder is improved), and the binding strength of the binder is reduced, so that the expansion rate of the negative plate is increased.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of large resistance, large expansion rate and the like of a negative plate in the prior art, the invention provides the negative plate and the lithium ion battery comprising the negative plate.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a negative plate comprises a negative current collector and a negative active material layer, wherein the negative active material layer is arranged on at least one side surface of the negative current collector; the negative electrode active material layer includes nanocellulose.
According to the present invention, the main active ingredient of the nanocellulose is α -cellulose.
According to the invention, the nanocellulose is a nanotubular material, the nanocellulose having a diameter of 5 to 200nm, such as 5nm, 10nm, 20nm, 30nm, 50nm, 80nm, 90nm, 100nm, 120nm, 150nm, 160nm, 180nm or 200 nm; the length is 1 to 20 μm, for example, 1 μm, 2 μm, 5 μm, 8 μm, 10 μm, 12 μm, 14 μm, 15 μm, 18 μm or 20 μm.
According to the invention, in order to ensure dispersion, the form of the nano-cellulose can be a hydrogel form which is relatively easy to disperse, and the nano-cellulose in the hydrogel form is more easy to disperse in the negative electrode slurry, so that the performance of the nano-cellulose is ensured.
According to the invention, the nano-cellulose has certain cohesiveness and thickening property, can replace or partially replace the function of a binder or a thickening agent, and can play a role in enhancing the cohesive strength and improving the dispersion of slurry in a negative electrode active material layer; meanwhile, the cellulose with the nano structure has very high strength, and can play a role in enhancing the effect with a binder in the negative plate, thereby improving the structural strength of the negative plate and reducing the chemical or electrochemical expansion of the negative plate after the negative plate is assembled into a battery; in addition, polar functional groups such as-OH and the like contained in the negative electrode plate added with the nano-cellulose can improve the adsorption effect on the electrolyte, play a capillary-like effect, improve the capacity and speed of absorbing the electrolyte and reduce the migration impedance of lithium ions.
According to the invention, the negative plate is a low-impedance and low-expansion-rate negative plate.
According to the invention, the resistance of the negative plate is 1-3 omega.
According to the invention, the stripping force of the negative plate is 4-20N/m.
According to the present invention, the amount of the nanocellulose accounts for 0.1 wt% to 2 wt%, for example, 0.1 wt%, 0.5 wt%, 1 wt%, 1.5 wt%, or 2 wt% of the total mass of the anode active material layer.
According to the present invention, the anode active material layer further includes an anode active material and a conductive agent.
According to the present invention, the negative active material is selected from one or more of artificial graphite, natural graphite, hard carbon, a silicon-based material, or a tin-based material.
According to the present invention, the conductive agent is selected from one or more of acetylene black, conductive carbon black (Super P, Super S, 350G, etc.), carbon fiber (VGCF), Carbon Nanotube (CNT), ketjen black.
According to the invention, the amount of the conductive agent accounts for 0.01-10 wt% of the total mass of the negative electrode active material layer.
According to the invention, the amount of the negative electrode active material is 90-99 wt% of the total mass of the negative electrode active material layer.
According to the present invention, the anode active material layer further includes a binder and a thickener.
According to the invention, the amount of the binder accounts for 0-8 wt% of the total mass of the negative electrode active material layer.
According to the invention, the amount of the thickening agent accounts for 0-8 wt% of the total mass of the negative electrode active material layer.
According to the invention, the binder is selected from one or more of polythiophene, polypyrrole, polytetrafluoroethylene, polyvinylidene fluoride, polyethylene, polypropylene, polystyrene, polyacrylamide, ethylene-propylene-diene copolymer resin, styrene butadiene rubber, polybutadiene, fluororubber, nitrile rubber, polyethylene oxide, polyvinylpyrrolidone, polyester resin, acrylic resin, phenolic resin, epoxy resin, polyvinyl alcohol, polyethylene oxide, sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC), and styrene butadiene latex (SBR).
According to the invention, the thickening agent is selected from one or more of sodium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Na), lithium carboxymethylcellulose (CMC-Li), polyacrylic acid (PAA), sodium Alginate (ALG) and polyvinyl alcohol.
According to the present invention, the thickness of the negative electrode active material layer is 20 to 180 μm, preferably 20 to 150 μm, for example, 20 μm, 30 μm, 40 μm, 50 μm, 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 100 μm, 110 μm, 120 μm, 130 μm, 140 μm, 150 μm.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the negative plate, which comprises the following steps:
1) preparing slurry for forming a negative electrode active material layer, wherein the slurry comprises nano-cellulose;
2) and coating the slurry for forming the negative electrode active material layer on at least one side surface of the negative electrode current collector to prepare the negative electrode sheet.
Exemplarily, step 1) comprises the steps of:
adding a certain proportion of a conductive agent and nanocellulose, optionally adding or not adding a binder, optionally adding or not adding a thickening agent, and then adjusting with water to prepare a negative electrode slurry with proper solid content.
Exemplarily, the step 2) comprises the steps of:
and coating the negative electrode slurry on a negative electrode current collector, drying, rolling, slitting and preparing a sheet to obtain the negative electrode sheet.
The invention also provides a lithium ion battery which comprises the negative plate.
According to the invention, the lithium ion battery also comprises a positive plate, electrolyte, a diaphragm and an aluminum plastic film.
According to the present invention, the positive electrode active material in the positive electrode sheet is lithium cobaltate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention provides a negative plate and a lithium ion battery comprising the same; the negative plate comprises the nano-cellulose, and the nano-cellulose is light in weight and high in strength, so that the structure of the negative plate can be enhanced, and the rebound of the negative plate is reduced; meanwhile, the nanocellulose is smaller in volume, the coverage of the negative electrode active material is smaller, and the large bulk phase impedance is not brought like the traditional negative electrode binder. The lithium ion battery comprising the negative plate has excellent low-temperature charge and discharge performance, high-temperature storage performance and high-temperature stability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a topographical view of nanocellulose according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
The preparation method of the present invention will be described in further detail with reference to specific examples. It is to be understood that the following examples are only illustrative and explanatory of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. All the technologies realized based on the above-mentioned contents of the present invention are covered in the protection scope of the present invention.
The experimental methods used in the following examples are all conventional methods unless otherwise specified; reagents, materials and the like used in the following examples are commercially available unless otherwise specified.
Example 1
Preparing a negative plate, namely mixing 96.3% of artificial graphite, a thickening agent CMC, a binder SBR, a conductive agent SP and nano-cellulose (the diameter is 10-50nm, and the length is 1-5 mu m) in parts by weight: 1.5%: 1.5%: 0.5%: mixing 0.2% by weight, adding deionized water, stirring uniformly, preparing into negative electrode slurry, coating on both sides of a copper foil (thickness of 6 μm) of a negative current collector, drying, rolling, slitting, and welding negative electrode tabs to obtain a negative electrode sheet.
② preparing the positive plate, according to the weight portion, 98.0 percent of positive active material LiCoO2Adding 1.0% of positive binder polyvinylidene fluoride and 1.0% of positive conductive agent SP into NMP, uniformly stirring, coating on two sides of a positive current collector aluminum foil (the thickness is 9 mu m), drying, rolling, slitting and welding positive lugs to obtain the positive plate.
Preparing electrolyte, mixing Ethylene Carbonate (EC), Propylene Carbonate (PC) and Ethyl Methyl Carbonate (EMC) uniformly according to the volume ratio of 1:1:1, adding LiPF6To prepare 1mol/L of an electrolyte.
Fourthly, manufacturing a full battery, namely winding the prepared negative plate, the positive electrode and the diaphragm (12 mu m polyethylene porous bare film) into a bare cell in a conventional mode, placing the bare cell in an aluminum plastic film punched with pits after hot pressing, and performing vacuum drying for 24 hours after pre-packaging; and testing that the moisture of the positive plate, the negative plate and the diaphragm is below 200ppm, injecting electrolyte, carrying out vacuum packaging and formation (the formation temperature is 80 ℃, the formation pressure is 422kg. f, the lithium ion battery is pre-charged to 4.0V at a low current of 0.5C, and then cold pressing and shaping) to obtain the lithium ion battery.
Examples 2 to 7
The lithium ion batteries of examples 2 to 7 were prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the nanocellulose was different in size, as shown in table 1.
Example 8
The lithium ion battery of example 8 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 except that the synthetic graphite, the thickener CMC, the binder SBR, the conductive agent SP, and the nanocellulose (diameter ranging from 10 to 50nm and length ranging from 1 to 5 μm) were mixed in an amount of 96.0%: 1.5%: 1.5%: 0.5%: 0.5% by weight.
Example 9
The lithium ion battery of example 9 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 except that the synthetic graphite, the thickener CMC, the binder SBR, the conductive agent SP, and the nanocellulose (diameter ranging from 10 to 50nm and length ranging from 1 to 5 μm) were mixed in a ratio of 96.5%: 1.5%: 1.0%: 0.5%: 0.5% by weight.
Example 10
The lithium ion battery of example 10 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1 except that the synthetic graphite, the thickener CMC, the binder SBR, the conductive agent SP, and the nanocellulose (diameter ranging from 10 to 50nm and length ranging from 1 to 5 μm) were mixed in a ratio of 96.5%: 1.0%: 1.0%: 0.5%: mixing at a weight ratio of 1%.
Comparative example 1
The lithium ion battery of comparative example 1 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the synthetic graphite, the thickener CMC, the binder SBR, and the conductive agent SP were mixed in an amount of 96.5%: 1.5%: 1.5%: 0.5% by weight.
Comparative example 2
The lithium ion battery of comparative example 2 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the contents of artificial graphite, the thickener CMC, the binder SBR, the conductive agent SP and the nanocellulose (diameter range 300-: 1.5%: 1.5%: 0.5%: 0.2% by weight.
Comparative example 3
The lithium ion battery of comparative example 3 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the synthetic graphite, the thickener CMC, the binder SBR, the conductive agent SP, and the nanocellulose (diameter range 300-: 1.5%: 1.5%: 0.5%: 0.5% by weight.
Comparative example 4
The lithium ion battery of comparative example 4 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the contents of artificial graphite, the thickener CMC, the binder SBR, the conductive agent SP and the nanocellulose (diameter range 400-: 1.5%: 1.5%: 0.5%: 0.2% by weight.
Comparative example 5
The lithium ion battery of comparative example 5 was prepared in the same manner as in example 1, except that the synthetic graphite, the thickener CMC, the binder SBR, the conductive agent SP, and the nanocellulose (diameter range of 400-800nm, length of 20-50 μm) were mixed in an amount of 96.0%: 1.5%: 1.5%: 0.5%: 0.5% by weight.
Test example 1
And (3) testing the stripping force of the negative plate: the negative electrode sheet was cut into a rectangular shape having a length of 100mm and a width of 10 mm. A stainless steel plate with the width of 25mm is taken, double-faced adhesive tapes (with the width of 11mm) are attached, the cut negative pole piece is attached to the double-faced adhesive tapes on the stainless steel plate, and a 2000g press roller is used for rolling the surface of the negative pole piece back and forth three times (300 mm/min). Bending the negative plate by 180 degrees, manually stripping by 25mm, fixing the sample on a testing machine, keeping the stripping surface consistent with the force line of the testing machine, continuously stripping the testing machine at 300mm/min to obtain a stripping force curve, taking the average value of the stable section as the stripping force F0, and then testing the adhesion of the negative plate: F0/0.01F 0.
Test example 2
Testing the resistance of the negative plate diaphragm: and taking the dried negative plate, and testing the resistance of the diaphragm by using a four-probe tester.
Test example 3
And (3) testing the cycle performance of the battery: and (2) at 45 ℃, carrying out 0.7C charging, 1.0C discharging and 0.05C cutoff current cyclic charging and discharging tests on the battery cell, standing for 10min after each charging and discharging is finished, respectively recording the discharging capacity of the battery cell and the thickness data under full charge under the cyclic times of 100 weeks, 300 weeks and 500 weeks, wherein the ratio of the discharging capacity to the first discharging capacity is a retention rate, and the ratio of the discharging capacity to the first full charge thickness data is a thickness expansion rate.
Test example 4
And (3) battery rate performance test: at 25 ℃, the cell is charged with 0.7C and the cutoff current is fully charged with 0.05C, and the cell is discharged to 3.0V at 0.5C and 3C, respectively, and the discharge capacity ratio at 3C discharge rate to 0.5C is calculated.
Table 1 compositions of negative electrode sheets of examples and comparative examples and performance test results of the negative electrode sheets
Figure BDA0003056788010000081
As can be seen from table 1, the peeling force of the solution with nanocellulose added in the example is improved and the impedance of the membrane is reduced compared with that of comparative example 1; the nano-cellulose is used as a high molecular material, and-OH groups rich in the structure can form hydrogen bonds with oxygen-containing groups on the surface of a negative electrode active substance or a conductive agent, so that partial binding power is provided, and the contact resistance of particles is reduced; meanwhile, the nanofiber has very high strength, can reinforce the adhesive and provide cohesion; it is understood from comparison of comparative examples 2 to 5 with comparative example 1 that the coarse diameter cellulose does not exert the same effect as nanocellulose, but rather deteriorates the binding power because the coarse cellulose is too poorly hydrophilic to form a good dispersion effect in the aqueous slurry, and at the same time, the coarse cellulose brings a larger volume, adsorbs the binder, and lowers the binding performance.
Table 2 results of performance test of lithium ion batteries of examples and comparative examples
Figure BDA0003056788010000091
As can be seen from Table 2, the embodiment added with the nanocellulose has higher cycle retention rate and smaller cycle expansion, which corresponds to the data of the adhesive force of the pole piece; the effect of replacing part of the binder and/or the thickening agent with the nano-cellulose is better, and the cyclic expansion is lower; the improvement of the bonding strength caused by the nano-cellulose and the similar capillary effect formed by the nano-structure improve the affinity of the electrolyte and have better rate discharge performance; from comparative example data, the coarse cellulose does not contribute to the cell cycling stability, but rather deteriorates the cell performance, mainly due to the bulk impedance of the coarse cellulose and the dispersion problem that worsens the pole piece peel force and resistance.
The embodiments of the present invention have been described above. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A negative plate comprises a negative current collector and a negative active material layer, wherein the negative active material layer is arranged on at least one side surface of the negative current collector; the negative electrode active material layer includes nanocellulose.
2. The negative electrode sheet according to claim 1, wherein the main active ingredient of the nanocellulose is α -cellulose.
3. The negative electrode sheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nanocellulose is a nanotube-shaped material, and the diameter of the nanocellulose is 5 to 200 nm; the length is 1 to 20 μm.
4. The negative electrode sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the resistance of the negative electrode sheet is 1 to 3 Ω.
5. The negative electrode sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the negative electrode sheet has a peel force of 4 to 20N/m.
6. The negative electrode sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the amount of the nanocellulose is 0.1 to 2 wt% of the total mass of the negative electrode active material layer.
7. The negative electrode sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the negative electrode active material layer further comprises a negative electrode active material and a conductive agent, the amount of the conductive agent is 0.01 to 10 wt% of the total mass of the negative electrode active material layer, and the amount of the negative electrode active material is 90 to 99 wt% of the total mass of the negative electrode active material layer.
8. The negative electrode sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the negative electrode active material layer further comprises a binder in an amount of 0 to 8 wt% and a thickener in an amount of 0 to 8 wt% based on the total mass of the negative electrode active material layer.
9. The negative electrode sheet according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the negative electrode active material layer has a thickness of 20 to 180 μm.
10. A lithium ion battery comprising the negative electrode sheet of any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202110502040.6A 2021-05-08 2021-05-08 Negative plate and lithium ion battery comprising same Pending CN113241437A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113991108A (en) * 2021-08-30 2022-01-28 宁波维科电池有限公司 High-performance lithium ion battery cell

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CN110192296A (en) * 2017-01-17 2019-08-30 株式会社大赛璐 Electrode slurry, electrode and its manufacturing method and secondary cell
CN110323414A (en) * 2018-03-30 2019-10-11 丰田自动车株式会社 The manufacturing method of non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery
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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB2033249A (en) * 1978-11-09 1980-05-21 Nevamar Corp Abrasion-resistant Laminate
US4513019A (en) * 1983-07-06 1985-04-23 Seppic Film-forming compositions for enveloping solid forms, particularly pharmaceutical or food products or seeds, and products obtained, coated with said compositions
EP0689817A2 (en) * 1994-06-30 1996-01-03 Kimberly-Clark Corporation Absorbent structure including an adhesive
CN105637683A (en) * 2013-10-28 2016-06-01 日本瑞翁株式会社 Slurry composition for negative electrodes of lithium ion secondary batteries, negative electrode for lithium ion secondary batteries, and lithium ion secondary battery
CN110192296A (en) * 2017-01-17 2019-08-30 株式会社大赛璐 Electrode slurry, electrode and its manufacturing method and secondary cell
CN109524619A (en) * 2017-09-19 2019-03-26 株式会社东芝 Electrode group, secondary cell, battery pack and vehicle
CN110323414A (en) * 2018-03-30 2019-10-11 丰田自动车株式会社 The manufacturing method of non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery and non-aqueous electrolyte secondary battery
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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113991108A (en) * 2021-08-30 2022-01-28 宁波维科电池有限公司 High-performance lithium ion battery cell

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